Digital Commons Network^™

Educating After-School Program Staff On Trauma-Informed Care, Emma Lowery

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

After-school program staff often lack training on trauma-informed practices. Without a clear understanding of trauma-informed care, staff may not appropriately handle situations where a student's behaviors may be rooted in trauma, which can make emotional and behavioral outbreaks worse. By training after-school program staff on trauma-informed practices, the staff can more effectively support students and give them a sense of belonging in the program, while potentially decreasing negative behaviors. In order to address this issue, I created a two-day training session to educate staff at Barrett Elementary School in Morgan Hill, California on the principles and practices of trauma-informed care.

Matrix Training Of Verb Tenses With Autistic Children, Alexandra Lynn Ewald

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to extend the research on matrix training by evaluating its efficacy for producing recombinative generalization of regular verb tense endings. Three autistic children were shown videos of people known to the participants acting out behaviors associated with an action about to take place, currently taking place, or that took place. The targets (actors, actions, and verb tenses) were arranged in a matrix, and the targets appearing along the diagonal of the matrix were directly trained, while the remaining targets were probed to determine if the participant was able to emit correct responses without any …

Effects Of Domestic Violence On Third-Grade Students' Academic And Behavioral Performance, Leah N. Gordone

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this quantitative, causal-comparative study was to investigate the relationship between witnessing domestic violence and third-grade students' academic performance and behavioral conduct, with a focus on gender differences. Additionally, the study explored the connection between exposure to domestic violence and English Language Arts achievement. The research involved 280 third-grade students and parents at the Boys & Girls Clubs of America in southwestern Georgia. Participants were part of social-emotional learning programs. Data collection included parent observation surveys, end-of-grade test scores (using the Georgia Milestones End-of-Grade assessment), and a child survey (the Violence Exposure Scale for Children – Revised). The …

Adaptation, Reliability, And Validity Of The Auditory Skills Checklist (Asc) For Bengali Speaking Children With Severe To Profound Sensorineural Hearing Loss With Hearing Aids, Istiak Rahman, Mahedi Hasan

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: The audiologic assessment guidelines of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) encouraged functional auditory skills assessment, appropriate for age. The Auditory Skills Checklist (ASC) assessment tool was developed from the necessity to assess the auditory skills of young children with Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL). The aim of this study was to adapt a Bengali version of the ASC checklist from the original English version and then to test its reliability and validity.

Methods: The method of forward-backward translation and cognitive debriefing was employed to produce a culturally sensitive Bengali version of the checklist. The data was analyzed for …

Academic And Cerebrovascular Outcomes After Neurodevelopmental Screening In Sickle Cell Disease: A Longitudinal Cohort Study, Sarah E. Bills, Jeffrey Schatz, Elizabeth Gillooly, Julia D. Johnston, A. Lauren Waters, Alyssa M. Schlenz

Faculty Publications

Aim

To assess the predictive validity of neurodevelopmental screening in toddlers and preschool children with sickle cell disease (SCD) using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ). We expected screening in preschool children to predict academic problems in elementary school and future stroke risk.

Method

Using a longitudinal cohort design, academic problems (e.g. grade retention, failing a subject) and increases in stroke risk (e.g. abnormal transcranial Doppler exam) were assessed for a 6-year period after neurodevelopmental screening in 2-year-olds (‘toddlers’) and 4-year-olds (‘preschool children’) using medical record review, which included annual information from parents about school functioning. Biopsychosocial variables were examined …

Mental Models: How Children Learn The Earth Isn’T Flat, Leila Hosseini, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Researchers in the area of child psychology have taken an interest in how children revise their understanding of the world. Stella Vosniadou and William Brewer (1991) postulated a theory called mental models, which provides insight into how genuine understanding is attained. The postulated mental models are created and then tested to build up one’s understanding of how the world works. Additionally, this theory implies there may be points in time where there is some understanding of a concept, yet it is still incomplete. Vosniadou and Brewer wanted to explore these intermediate mental models and develop evidence of understanding in progress.

Social Groups And Development, Jason Jimenez, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Children spend an increasing amount of time in social groups as they age. Preschoolers begin to interact with their peers around playsets, though at this stage, these early social groups are loosely organized. It is not until they reach school age that children begin to feel as true members of a peer group. A peer group interacts on a regular basis, provides a sense of belonging, has implicit or explicit norms, and has a hierarchical order. Within these groups, social status becomes important, with some members being more popular and having a greater social impact than others.

Social Rejection, Jason Jimenez, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

People conform to gain social acceptance and avoid rejection. It is believed that people carry a strong, instinctive need to form social bonds and avoid the consequences of rejection. Even individuals who prefer to be alone still tend to have a few close friends. Rejection is one of the main obstacles faced by many individuals in their attempts to fulfill this need. Being rejected by social groups can be distressing to the individual, as the consequences of rejection can be catastrophic. However, those who feel rejected can also behave in a manner that can either strengthen their remaining social bonds …

The Missing Child Experiment, Philip J. Hudson, Michelle P. D'Amico, Betty S. Lai

Essays in Developmental Psychology

“The missing child experiment” refers to a popular, non-academic, social experiment that was first conducted in 2008 by a Local 6, a news station in Orlando, Florida. The “experiment” has since been replicated and adapted in popular culture and by psychological researchers. In the “experiment,” the news crew arranged for a child actor to sit on a bench inside the entrance of a local shopping mall. Mock missing child posters featuring the child actor’s face were posted at the mall’s entrance. The child was observed by the news crew and security personnel, with her father seated in a nearby café …

Parental Influence, Justin Burgess, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

An adequate level of parenting—providing enough nutrition, shelter, exposure to language and peers, or not harshly punishing children (punching, kicking, striking with a weapon)—seems to not have a long-term effect on cognitive development in children. Twin and adoption studies have found that intelligence is accounted for almost entirely by genes and nonshared environment, which includes peers, teachers, and unique experiences. However, there are parenting styles and types of home environments that are correlated with better school performance, stronger school engagement, and more words spoken at certain ages.

Gifted Children, Justin Burgess, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Children can be gifted in a variety of different areas, including musical talent, athleticism, and artistic ability among others. The focus of this entry will be solely on those children who are gifted in intellectual ability and academic achievement. Identification of intellectual giftedness usually requires an individually administered intelligence test, achieving a Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) of 130 or higher, which is a threshold that dates back to Lewis Terman’s research at Stanford in the early to mid 20th century. Although this seems like an arbitrary score, an IQ score of 130 and above is where an individual scores two …

The Concrete Operational Period Of Development, Rebecca Olson, Kelsey Eackles, Cassandra Kepple, Cheryl B. Mcneil

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Jean Piaget was one of the first psychologists to systematically investigate the cognitive development of children. He believed that intelligence develops as a result of both biological and environmental reactions rather than being an unchangeable, inherited trait. He believed cognition develops in distinct stages from infancy to adulthood, which became the basis of Piaget’s Cognitive-Developmental Theory.

Adopted Children, Michael Galobardi, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Adoption is the legal transfer of parental rights and responsibilities over the care of a child from the birth parents to other adult(s), who will then raise the child. The adoption of children by non-biologically-related adults has a long and complicated history in both the United States and around the world. Over time awareness of adopted individuals, adoptive families, and birth parents and families has increased; all three groups known as the adoption triad, or adoption kinship network.

Altruism And Children, Brizel Trinidad, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Altruism is the combination of willingly and spontaneously helping others. Many studies have focused on the origin of these traits, whether they are innate or learned. Researchers are examining inborn altruism and studying the influence of external forces, such as parental role modeling and prosocial tendencies, that have an influence on children's altruistic behavior (Clay, 2006). Altruism is often associated with altering levels of trust however, in children altruism takes on various forms and definitions with each developmental stage and as more complex interactions with others take place.

Groups And Development, Jason Jimenez, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Peer interactions often occur in groups. Children spend an increasing amount of time in these groups as they age. Preschoolers begin to interact with each other around playsets, although these early social groups are loosely organized. It is not until they reach school age that children begin to feel as though they are true members of a peer group. A peer group interacts on a regular basis, provides a sense of belonging, has implicit or explicit norms, and has a hierarchical order. Within these groups, social status becomes important, with some members being more popular and having a greater social …

Word Learning Styles, Diana Hincapie, Lisa K. Lashley, Charles J. Golden

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Language acquisition is the way that humans learn and attain their spoken language. Infants are biologically equipped to attain four aspects of language. These include phonology, semantics, grammar, and pragmatics. The earliest acquired language begins with phonology, attained as early as three months and make rapid progressions to conversational language by four years of age.

Learning (Communication), Talia Waltzer, Heidi Kloos

Essays in Developmental Psychology

Children are impressive learners. For instance, after a few years of exposure, they can utter sentences that resemble mature phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. They do so without formal instruction, and they do so seemingly effortlessly. What are the mechanisms by which children can accomplish such a feat? In this entry, we sketch out different perspectives on learning, focusing on language learning as an example.

Animal-Assisted Therapy With Children In Hospitals And Schools: A Systematized Review, Tantine Kendig

LSU Master's Theses

It has been demonstrated that animals can offer humans significant health benefits. Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) is a growing form of therapy used in various settings to enhance the health of children, encompassing both physical and mental wellness. The challenges of hospitalization and the school environment have been shown to pose different challenges for children, such as an increase in anxiety, stress, depression, and others that have the potential to affect their mental, physical, emotional, and social well-being. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of animal-assisted therapy, specifically dog-assisted therapy, on children in hospital and school settings by conducting a …

Facilitating Better Literacy Outcomes In First And Second-Grade At-Risk Readers At An After-School Program, Brooke Goldhammer

Student Theses and Dissertations

This study aimed to examine the efficacy of literacy intervention in first and second-grade at-risk readers at an after-school program, CityYouth Ministries, in Jonesboro, AR. It was hypothesized that if children at risk for literacy difficulties receive literacy intervention at an after-school program, they would have better reading outcomes, narrowing the gap in academic achievement. If successful, it may resolve the need for long-term literacy support at school, which has been frequently observed with this population. The study utilized a quasi-experimental, within-group pretest-posttest design. Reading fluency and sight word knowledge were measured using DIBELS-8 Oral Reading Fluency passages and Dolch …

Shaping Young Minds: How Parental Reactions Influence Children’S Emotions And Behavior, Mya Isenberg

Psychology Student Publications

The way parents respond to situations can really shape how children deal with stress, build relationships, and control their actions. This paper explores how different parenting styles like authoritative authoritarian permissive and neglecting affect emotional and behavioral development.

The Effects Of Excessive Screen Time On Children, Emma Bock

Psychology Student Publications

This paper examines the effects of excessive screen time in children. Screen time is considered “excessive” in children when it is over an hour or two per day. Too much screen time can heavily impact a child’s life physically, psychologically, developmentally, and socially. This paper focuses specifically on how screen time affects attention, language development, eating habits, and sleep.

Asking And Telling In Humanitarian Contexts: A Feasibility Assessment Of Para-Social Worker-Led Screening For Sexual Violence Against Children In Uganda, Abir Nur, Gloria Seruwagi, George Odwe, Peter Kisaakye, Stella Muthuri, Prosmolly Ayebale, Monicah Rwotmon, Dagim Habteyesus, Yadeta Dessie, Francis Obare, Yohannes Wado Dibaba, Bonnie Wandera, Chi-Chi Undie, Et Al.

Humanitarian Task Force

This intervention study focuses on an adapted version of a school-based response and prevention model that involves having trained para-social workers (PSWs) screen children primary school pupils for sexual violence and link survivors identified through this process to care. Situated in a refugee settlement in Uganda, the study finds that screening of this sort is feasible for PSWs to conduct, and effectively promotes sexual violence disclosure, in addition to enhancing the uptake of sexual violence services.

Mental Wellness Of The Saintly, Spiritual, And Secular: Who Has The Edge?, Addison Clevenger, Justin Dyer, Sam Hardy

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

This study examines the relationship between religious/spiritual identity and depression and anxiety levels at comparative baseline levels, and then longitudinally. Gathered from The Family Foundations of Youth Development Project, this study samples parent-child dyads from highly religious parts of the Western United States to determine how the mental health of these individuals is affected by the conjunction of spirituality and religiosity, the lack of either, or one divorced from the other. Results revealed that at baseline levels, participants across all groups who identified as “Spiritual but not Religious” had the highest levels of anxiety and depression, and children who identified …

Impact Of Parental Adhd Status On Screen Time Allowance In Children: Insights From Nhis Data, Chase Moscovic

Medical Student Research Symposium

Title: Impact of Parental ADHD Status on Screen Time Allowance in Children: Insights from NHIS Data

Background: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) affects both children and adults, with significant implications for daily functioning. While research has examined the impact of ADHD on children's screen time, less is known about how parental ADHD may influence screen time practices. This study explores the relationship between parental ADHD status and their regulation of children's screen time, a critical aspect of neurodevelopment in an increasingly digital world.

Methods: We analyzed data from the 2019–2023 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), which includes U.S. household data on health …

Roger Williams University Law Review Symposium: Trauma-Informed Lawyering: Approaches To Advocating For Diverse Populations 11-15-2024, Roger Williams University School Of Law

School of Law Conferences, Lectures & Events

No abstract provided.

Ethiopia Humanitarian Violence Against Children And Youth Survey, 2024: Data-To-Action Workshop Report, Yadeta Dessie, Dagim Habteyesus, Yohannes Dibaba Wado, Abir Nur, Stella Muthuri, Peter Kisaakye, Bonnie Wandera, Gloria Seruwagi, Francis Obare, Andres Villaveces, Michelle Hynes, Misrak Mohammed, Mulualem Desta, Chi-Chi Undie

Humanitarian Task Force

The Government of Ethiopia’s Refugees and Returnees Service (RRS) officials, various government ministry delegates, representatives from International and national Non-Governmental Organisations, UN bodies, and various delivery partners, came together for a Data to Action (D2A) workshop in Addis Ababa from November 19th to 21st, 2024. During this workshop, participants prioritized violence prevention and response activities, directly informed by the HVACS data. This was achieved by translating the Ethiopia HVACS findings into key indicators that were then mapped into actionable next steps by linking this data to the INSPIRE: Seven Strategies for Ending Violence Against Children technical package and the Child …

Exploring The Impact Of Language Modeling Integration In Classroom Assessment Scoring System (Class) On Language Teaching And Learning In Pre-K Settings: A Comprehensive Analysis Of Teacher-Child Relationships And Interactions, Joy Lee Hernandez

Teaching & Learning Theses & Dissertations

This descriptive research study utilizes a mixed methods design to explore the impact of integrating language modeling into the Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS) on teachers' perspectives on language teaching and learning. Additionally, the study analyzed teacher-child interactions in Pre-K settings in Southeast Virginia, U.S.A.

Observations were conducted in eleven (11) classrooms using the Pre-K CLASS, a key instrument for assessing the quality of teacher-child interactions across domains such as Emotional Support, Classroom Organization, and Instructional Support, which includes Language Modeling. The CLASS tool was supplemented with detailed notetaking to capture both quantitative scores and qualitative nuances of interactions. This …

Evaluating The Landscape Design Features Of The Lebanese Educational Spaces Through Kid’S Wellbeing Model, Bouchra Naim, Mary Felix, Mostafa Khalifa, Rayan Najjar

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

Educators perceive the worth of a school's encompassing open-air spaces as an essential feature in light of the present ecological worries and the growing of curricular requests of teaching within the rapid development world. This study provides an outline of evaluation model that assists the effect of landscape design features in educational outdoor spaces for kids in Lebanese’s schools. kids mental health and wellbeing are affected by the instructive landscape and inspects the unavoidable mentalities and practices that have prompted the underestimating of the schoolyard environment, as well as explicit strides to assess fruitful instructive landscape that give experiences to …

The Weekly Assessment Of Child Behavior: Psychometric Properties Of A Behavior Problem Screening Tool, Matthew Young, Michael Moradi, Hans Kersten, David Bennett

Tower Health Research Day

No abstract provided.

Evaluating The Impact Of School-Based Rebound Therapy On Chest Health In Children And Young People With Neurodisability And Respiratory Issues: A Series Of Single Case Studies, Rachel Knight Lozano, Harriet Shannon, Kayleigh Bell, Julia Melluish, Christopher Morris, Rachel Rapson, Jonathan Marsden

School of Health Professions

PurposeTo evaluate feasibility and impact of an individualised rebound therapy programme on chest health in children with complex neurodisability.Methods and materialsA single-case ABA design was conducted over 18 weeks with five children aged 5–15 years with complex neurodisability. Intervention involved twice weekly rebound therapy for six consecutive weeks in school. Summary outcomes included parent/carer-reported chest health, quality-of-life and clinician-observed motor ability. Serial weekly outcomes included chest health observations, usual care changes, adherence and adverse events. Parents completed a semi-structured interview after follow-up. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively and qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsWithin-case and across-case findings indicated improvement …