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Prediction Of Length Of Stay In The Emergency Department For Covid-19 Patients: A Machine Learning Approach, Egbe Etu Etu, Leslie Monplaisir, Suzan Arslanturk, Sara Masoud, Celestine Aguwa, Ihor Markevych, Joseph Miller

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak has become a global public health threat. The influx of COVID-19 patients has prolonged the length of stay (LOS) in the emergency department (ED) in the United States. Our objective is to develop a reliable prediction model for COVID-19 patient ED LOS and identify clinical factors, such as age and comorbidities, associated with LOS within a '4-hour target.' Data were collected from an urban, demographically diverse hospital in Detroit for all COVID-19 patients' ED presentations from March 16 to December 29, 2020. We trained four machine learning models, namely logistic regression (LR), gradient boosting (GB), …

Covid-19: Examining Adherence Through The Health Belief Model, Leah Ashton Brown

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Over 6.4 million individuals have died due to COVID-19. Although the vaccine has been distributed and made more accessible, it is important for individuals to continue adhering to guidelines that prevent the spread of this deadly virus. The current study explored adherence to COVID-19-related health behaviors (wearing a mask, social distancing, properly washing hands, and receiving the COVID-19 vaccine) in a U.S. sample (recruited through Amazon MTurk) and examined the role of interactions among various identities. The study was informed by the Health Belief Model (HBM) and participants completed questionnaires that assessed COVID-19 health behaviors, constructs comprising the HBM (perceived …

Rural Parent's Experiences Of Stress And Resilience During The Covid-19 Pandemic And School Closure, Emily Wilson, Jungwon Eum, Yuenjung Joo, Martinique A. Sealy, Jentry Stoneman Barrett, Gwen C. Nugent, Joan M. Carraher, Angela G. Hinrichs

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

The COVID-19 pandemic has generated social and economic disruptions, resulting in cascading effects on the health and well- being of global citizens. However, little research has focused on how COVID-19 has affected rural regions, despite rurality being a critical factor for understanding community impact and response to the pandemic. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the experiences of rural Nebraskan parents with young children during the COVID-19 pandemic and school shutdown, and the strategies they used to support their families during that time. We conducted individual and group interviews with 22 white, non-Hispanic mothers living in rural …

Machine Learning Techniques For Predicting Depression And Anxiety In Pregnant And Postpartum Women During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Regional Study, Radwan Qasrawi, Malak Amro, Stephanny Vicunapolo, Diala Abu Al-Halawa, Hazem Agha, Rania Abu Seir, Maha Hoteit, Reem Hoteit, Sabika Allehdan, Nouf Behzad, Khlood Bookari, Majid Alkhalaf, Haleama Al-Sabbah, Eman Badran, Reema Tayyem

All Works

Background: Maternal depression and anxiety are significant public health concerns that play an important role in the health and well-being of mothers and children. The COVID-19 pandemic, the consequential lockdowns and related safety restrictions worldwide negatively affected the mental health of pregnant and postpartum women. Methods: This regional study aimed to develop a machine learning (ML) model for the prediction of maternal depression and anxiety. The study used a dataset collected from five Arab countries during the COVID-19 pandemic between July to December 2020. The population sample included 3569 women (1939 pregnant and 1630 postpartum) from five countries (Jordan, Palestine, …

Retention And Performance During Covid-19: Prosociality Perception, Social Isolation, And Online Engagement, Ashli L M Schick

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

The experiences of university students impacted by COVID-19 and circumstances surrounding their experiences, help inform the future of higher education in the United States. In the uncertain and rapidly evolving higher education system, understanding retention patterns of students has become increasingly complex. This study examined how self-perceived prosociality and self-perceived social isolation among university students in an online education environment relate to the intention to re-enroll in university and their academic achievement (Grade Point Average; GPA). Ninety-seven university and community college students completed an online survey. Based on previous literature, we expected women to report higher prosociality perceptions than men …

Pupils’ Experience With E-Learning During Covid-19 Lockdown In Delta State., Gloria Ogheneghatowho Oyovwe-Tinuoye Dr, Esharenana E. Adomi Prof

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study scrutinised pupils’ experience with e-learning during COVID-19 lockdown in Delta State. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design with five (5) research objectives of the study. The questionnaire was constructed after consultation of related literature to ensure that pertinent items were encompassed in it. A self-constructed questionnaire entitled “Pupils Experience with E-Learning during COVID- 19 Lockdown Questionnaire (PEELDC19LQ) was designed by the researchers. The population of the study comprised of all pupils in Delta State who participated in e-learning to meet up with the third curriculum and eventually used for promotion for the next class. The researchers …

Return Visit Characteristics Of Sars-Cov-2 Pcr-Positive Cases In A Pediatric Emergency Department, Ni̇han Şik, Durgül Özdemi̇r, Murat Duman

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate return visits to the pediatric emergency department (ED) for children who were detected to be positive for SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Materials and methods: Between April 2, 2020, and January 20, 2021, children aged 0 to 18 years who were detected to be SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive and discharged from the ED were evaluated. Among them, patients who returned to the ED within 14 days of quarantine were included in the study. For the first presentation and return visit, demographics, clinical findings, laboratory and radiologic investigations, and ward/pediatric intensive care unit …

The Role Of Cd8+ Regulatory T Cells And B Cell Subsets In Patients With Covid-19, Hülya Uçaryilmaz, Di̇lek Ergün, Hüsametti̇n Vatansev, Hande Köksal, Onur Ural, Uğur Arslan, Hasi̇be Artaç

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a wide clinical spectrum from asymptomatic to mild, moderate, and severe cases. There are still many unknowns about the role of immunoregulatory mechanisms in COVID-19. We aimed to study regulatory T cells (Tregs) and B cell subsets and evaluate their correlations with severity of COVID-19. Materials and methods: In total, 50 patients with COVID-19 confirmed by PCR (mean age = 49.9 ± 12.8 years) and 40 healthy control (mean age = 47.9 ± 14.7 years) were included in this study. The patients were classified as 14 mild (median age = 35.5 [24-73] years), 22 …

Evaluation Of Metabolic Changes In Fdg Pet/Ct Imaging After Mrna-Based Covid-19 Vaccination, Serkan İşgören, Gi̇zem Köroğlu, Gözde Dağliöz Görür, Hakan Demi̇r

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: It isimportant to evaluate the vaccine-related metabolic changes on FDG PET/CT to avoid confusing results. We here aimed to assess the frequency and intensity of regional and systemic metabolic PET/CT changes of patients who received the mRNAbased COVID-19 vaccine (BNT162b2-Pfizer/BioNTech) and to analyze possible factors affecting these changes. Materials and methods: Among the patients who underwent FDG PET/CT for any indication in our department between July 2021 and December 2021, 129 volunteer patients with a history of COVID-19 vaccination were included in this prospective observational study. Bilateral axillary lymph nodes, ipsilateral deltoid muscle, bone marrow, spleen, thyroid, and liver …

A Comparison Of Antibody Response In Kidney Transplant Recipients And Healthcare Workers Who Had Pcr-Confirmed Covid-19 Infection, Mevlüt Tamer Di̇ncer, Necmi̇ Eren, Ahmet Murt, Nuri̇ye Yildiz, Şeyda Gül Özcan, Meti̇n Ergül, Si̇bel Gökçay Bek, Zeynep Atli, Si̇nan Trabulus, Erkan Dervi̇şoğlu, Hamdi̇ Levent Doğanay, Nurhan Seyahi̇

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Data on antibody response following COVID-19 in kidney transplant recipients is scarce. This crosssectional study aims to investigate the antibody response to COVID-19 among kidney transplant recipients. Materials and methods: We recruited 46 kidney transplant recipients with RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 and 45 recipients without COVID-19 history. We also constructed two control groups (COVID-19 positive and negative) from a historical cohort of healthcare workers. We used age and sex-based propensity score matching to select the eligible subjects to the control groups. We measured the SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels quantitatively using the Abbott ARCHITECT system. An antibody level above 1.4 S/C was defined …

Covid-19 In Pediatric Nephrology Centers In Turkey, Emre Leventoğlu, Yeşi̇m Özdemi̇r Ati̇kel, Hülya Nalçacioğlu, İsmai̇l Dursun, Hasan Dursun, Zeynep Nagehan Yürük Yildirim, Nurdan Yildiz, Gülşah Kaya Aksoy, Mehmet Taşdemi̇r, Mehtap Çelakil, Belti̇nge Demi̇rci̇oğlu Kiliç, Şenay Zirhli Selçuk, Nur Canpolat, Evri̇m Kargin Çakici, Sare Gülfem Özlü

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: There is limited data on COVID-19 disease in children with kidney disease. We aimed to investigate the characteristics and prognosis of COVID-19 in pediatric nephrology patients in Turkey. Materials and methods: This was a national, multicenter, retrospective cohort study based on an online survey evaluating the data between 11th March 2020 and 11th March 2021 as an initial step of a detailed pediatric nephrology COVID-19 registry. Results: Two hundred and three patients (89 girls and 114 boys) were diagnosed with COVID-19. One-third of these patients (36.9%) were between 10-15 years old. Half of the patients were on kidney replacement …

Political Ideology And Judicial Administration: Evidence From The Covid-19 Pandemic, Kyle Rozema, Adam Chilton, Christopher Anthony Cotropia, David L. Schwartz

Scholarship@WashULaw

We study the effect of political ideology on the administration of the judiciary by investigating how the chief judges of federal district courts set courthouse policies in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. To do so, we use novel data on the geographic boundaries of federal courts and on the contents of pandemic orders. We account for state and local conditions and policies by leveraging district courts in states that have multiple judicial districts and that have courthouses in multiple counties, and we isolate the effect of chief ideology by using simulations that difference out unobserved district-level effects. We find no …

Disparate Financial Assistance Support For Small Business Owners, Sophia Fox-Dichter, Daniel Auguste, Mathieu Despard, Michal Grinstein-Weiss

Social Policy Institute Research

Small business owners experienced a drastic economic disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Government pandemic assistance failed to reach many small business owners, especially those historically underserved by financial institutions. Drawing on a 2021 survey of 246 small business owners, the Social Policy Institute at Washington University in St. Louis descriptively examined the extent to which small business owners sought and received business assistance, and whether applications and approval of government assistance varied by race and ethnicity. We find that though Hispanic and Black business owners applied for government assistance at a higher rate than white business owners, Black business …

The Lonely Reason Impeding Compliance With Covid-19 Prevention Guidelines, Ainslie E. Schultz, Kevin P. Newman

AMTP Proceedings 2022

To reduce transmission of the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19), the US Center for Disease Control recommends that all individuals follow a series of prevention guidelines (e.g., wearing a mask, physical distancing, and vigilant handwashing). However, some individuals have been unwilling to comply with them. In this research, we use reciprocal altruism theory to investigate the role of loneliness in compliance with COVID-19 prevention guidelines. Specifically, we find that lonely (vs. non-lonely) consumers report less willingness to comply with these guidelines. Process evidence demonstrates that this occurs because lonely individuals experience a lower sense of obligation to reciprocate. Importantly, the negative impact …

Covid-19 Collaborative Modelling For Policy Response In The Philippines, Malaysia And Vietnam, Angus Hughes, Romain Ragonnet, Pavithra Jayasundara, Hoang-Anh Ngo, Elvira P. De Lara-Tuprio, Ma. Regina Justina Estuar, Timothy Robin Y. Teng, Law Kian Boon, Kalaiarasu M. Peariasamy, Zhuo-Lin Chong, Izzuna Mudla M. Ghazali, Greg J. Fox, Thu-Anh Nguyen, Linh-Vi Le, Milinda Abayawardana B. Eng, David Shipman, Emma S. Mcbryde, Michael T. Meehan, Jamie M. Caldwell, James M. Trauer

Mathematics Faculty Publications

Mathematical models that capture COVID-19 dynamics have supported public health responses and policy development since the beginning of the pandemic, yet there is limited discourse to describe features of an optimal modelling platform to support policy decisions or how modellers and policy makers have engaged with each other. Here, we outline how we used a modelling software platform to support public health decision making for the COVID-19 response in the Western Pacific Region (WPR) countries of the Philippines, Malaysia and Viet Nam. This perspective describes an approach to support evidence-based public health decisions and policy, which may help inform other …

Global Cities And Covid-19: Stories Of Resilience And Fragility In Los Angeles, Edward J.W. Park

Asian and Asian American Studies Faculty Works

This paper examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global cities. In particular, the paper revisits and updates the academic literature on global cities and focuses on the discussion of the resilience and fragility of global cities in light of an unprecedented global pandemic. By severely testing the strength and durability of the international flow of goods and people, the sweeping scale and intensity of the COVID-19 pandemic directly called into question the thick and complicated network of global cities that serve as modes for international trade and travel. The paper then draws on the impact of COVID-19 on …

Worker Experience A Year Into Covid: Job Demands And Resources In The Philippines, Emerald Jay D. Ilac, Jaimee Felice Caringal-Go, Ma Tonirose De Guzman Mactal, Mendiola Teng-Calleja

Psychology Department Faculty Publications

This study aimed to examine the positive and negative job characteristics that impact employees’ working experience in a country located in the Global South during the COVID-19 pandemic using the job demands and resources (JDR) theory as a framework. Data collection happened approximately one year after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines. Data came from a qualitative online survey of 122 workers which was then subjected to thematic analysis. For both demands and resources, four superordinate themes emerged: intrapersonal, interpersonal, work or task-related, and organization- related. Intrapersonal job demands included health and safety, and the complexity of …

Uv-Incorporated Sanitation Lining For Disinfection Of Carpentry Tools In Grade Schools, Nicole Dembiczak, Alex Paxitzis, Quinn Piorkowski, Ivana Shah

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This project will focus on the issues caused by a pandemic, particularly, sanitation issues and difficulties in a public area. After a considerable amount of research, it became evident that current sanitation methods are time inefficient, not always effective and wasteful. There are numerous misconceptions on how these methods work and skepticism of the products themselves. The pandemic caused by COVID-19 is an extremely relevant issue that has affected schools, hospitals and other high traffic areas. This project will focus on K-12 grade schools that struggle with quick, easy and effective cleaning methods in between and after class. We aim …

Enhanced External Counterpulsation For Management Of Symptoms Associated With Long Covid, Sachin A. Shah

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

Study objective: Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) as a possible therapy for Long COVID. Design: Retrospective analysis of a contemporary, consecutive patient cohort. Setting: 7 outpatient treatment centers. Participants: Long COVID patients. Intervention: 15–35 EECP treatments. Main outcome measures: The change from baseline in 1) Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Fatigue; 2) Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ); 3) Duke Activity Status Index (DASI); 4) 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT); 5) Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) Angina Grade; 6) Rose Dyspnea Scale (RDS); and 7) Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Results: Compared to baseline, the PROMIS Fatigue, SAQ, DASI, and 6MWT improved by 4.63 …

Ifn-Γ Increases The Expression Of Sars-Cov-2 Receptors On Vero E6 Cells, Bindu Madhavi Madabattula

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Respiratory epithelial cells are the initial target for SARS-CoV-2 infection. IFN-γ is known to increase the expression of ACE-2, an initial receptor for SARS-CoV-2, on epithelial cells. This study focuses on examining the effect of IFN-γ for ACE-2, TMPRSS2, and neuropilin-1 on Vero E6 cells using two immunofluorescence methods, namely, direct (membrane) fluorescence method and Cytation5 method. Direct fluorescence was determined using an Accu-Scope and ImageJ analysis. Using this method, significance (p<0.023) was observed only for ACE-2 when Vero E6 cells were treated with IFN-γ. Cytation5 fluorescence was determined using a Bio-tek Cytation5 plate reader. The results showed that IFN-γ significantly increased (p<0.001) the expression of ACE-2, neuropilin-1, and TMPRSS2. These results indicate Cytation5 is a more sensitive method for determining the expression of receptors on Vero E6 cells. The elevated levels of SARS-CoV-2 receptors expression resulting from IFN-γ treatment makes the epithelial cells more susceptible targets of SARS-CoV-2 infection. IFN-γ is most likely provided by innate immune cells in the initial COVID-19 infection, consequently contributing to the severity of disease.

Intergenerational Transmission Of Alexithymia As A Predictor Of Child Posttraumatic Stress Outcomes During Covid-19, Casey Burton

Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this study was to test the role of parent alexithymia in explaining why some children are functioning relatively well during the COVID-19 pandemic while others are experiencing poor mental health. Participants were 88 U.S. children (M_age = 9.94 years; 54.5% female; 59.1% White) and their parents/caregivers (68.2% female; 59.1% White). Two models were tested: a path model in which the association between parent alexithymia symptoms and child COVID-19-related posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) was mediated by child alexithymia symptoms, and a moderator model in which the association between parent alexithymia symptoms and child PTSS was moderated …

Factors Associated With Mask Use In New York City Neighborhood Parks During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Field Audit Study, Lisa Hitch, Marie A. Sillice, Hanish Kodali, Katarzyna E. Wyka, Javier Otero Peña, Terry Tk Huang

Publications and Research

Background: Mask use is a cost-effective measure to decrease COVID-19 transmission. Mask mandates intend to increase mask compliance but are often ambiguous when it comes to public outdoor spaces.

Methods: We used a field audit study to examine mask use in New York City neighborhood parks during COVID-19. 1453 park visitors were observed in 13 parks during July–August 2020 using a modified and validated park use audit tool (System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities) that included items on general and proper mask use (i.e., mask covering both nose and mouth). Generalized estimating equation regression was used to determine …

Impact Of Covid-19 On Students And Faculty In Higher Education, Joshua Manio, Kirsten Bas, Megan Griffith, Sophia Mendoza, Christian Jiao

Occupational Therapy | MSOT Capstone Projects

On March 11th, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially announced that COVID-19 was a “pandemic” (Kapasia et al., 2020). The impact of COVID-19 on higher education has been substantial. Teaching has changed from traditional in-person, classroom formats to distance learning platforms. As students experienced unprecedented disruptions, faculty faced challenges to provide high-quality teaching and build learning communities with their students. Preliminary global research on the COVID-19 impact on higher education has revealed mental health implications including anxiety and depression (Cao et al., 2020). Additionally, the transition to distance learning has hindered college students’ motivation, academic performance, and educational plans. …

Work-Based Concerns Of Australian Frontline Healthcare Workers During The First Wave Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, Michella Hill, Erin Smith, Brennen W. Mills

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objective: This research sought to gauge the extent to which doctors, nurses and paramedics in Australia were concerned about contracting SARS-CoV-2 during the country's first wave of the virus in April 2020.

Methods: Australian registered doctors, nurses and paramedics (n=580) completed an online questionnaire during April 16–30, 2020 (period immediately following the highest four-week period (first wave) of SARS-CoV-2 confirmed cases in Australia).

Results: During April 2020, two-thirds of participants felt it was likely they would contract SARS-CoV-2 at work. Half the participants suggested Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) supplies were inadequate for them to safely perform their job, with two-thirds …

America’S New Death Sentence: Lack Of Action To Protect Incarcerated People From Covid-19 Amounts To Cruel And Unusual Punishment, Jane Manwarring

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

Laddy Curtis Valentine is a 69-year-old man suffering from high blood pressure, hypertension, nerve damage from a stroke, atrophy and weakness in the upper-left extremity, and limited ability to grip with his left hand. Richard Elvin King is a 73-year-old man with diabetes, high blood pressure, chronic kidney failure, hyperlipidemia, and kidney disease. Mr. Valentine and Mr. King are just two of the 1,132 men imprisoned in the Wallace Pack Unit (“the Pack Unit”) in Grimes County, Texas. Like Mr. Valentine and Mr. King, approximately 800 incarcerated men housed in the Pack Unit are over the age of sixty-five, and …

Community-Centered School Leadership: Radical Care And Aperturas During Covid-19, Leticia Alvarez Gutiérrez, Taeyeon Kim, Sonny Partola, Paul J. Kuttner, Amadou Niang, Alma Yanagui, Laura Hernández, Gerardo R. López, Jennifer Mayer-Glenn

Department of Educational Administration: Faculty Publications

We share school leaders’ perspectives on Zoom videos concerning the needs of immigrant and refugee families in Title I schools. In these videos, participants crafted and shared personal narratives about their leadership experiences during the COVID-19 era of education. Rooted in participatory design research methods, the process of designing these videos were both a research project and an intervention to assist families and school leaders to better understand each other. We present a close analysis of administrators’ perspectives and describe how our codesigned video methodology enabled participants to coconstruct new meanings of school-community relationships during the pandemic through a radical …

Recent Advances In Biosensors For Detection Of Covid-19 And Other Viruses, Shobhit K. Patel, Jaymit Surve, Juveriya Parmar, Kawsar Ahmed, Francis M. Bui, Fahad Ahmed Al-Zahrani

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

This century has introduced very deadly, dangerous, and infectious diseases to humankind such as the influenza virus, Ebola virus, Zika virus, and the most infectious SARS-CoV-2 commonly known as COVID-19 and have caused epidemics and pandemics across the globe. For some of these diseases, proper medications, and vaccinations are missing and the early detection of these viruses will be critical to saving the patients. And even the vaccines are available for COVID-19, the new variants of COVID-19 such as Delta, and Omicron are spreading at large. The available virus detection techniques take a long time, are costly, and complex and …

Blended Or Differentiated Instruction For Inclusive Education During Post-Covid-19 Era: The Need For Upgrading School Libraries In Nigeria, Charity Onyishi

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Abstract

With the socio-educational challenges posed by COVID-19, teaching-learning is gradually moving from face-to-face to digital and online distance learning across the world. This makes it generally challenging to meet the needs of all learners in the context of inclusive education. Increasing evidence tends to show that for effective inclusive learning, the hybrid blended approaches to learning should be differentiated. Further still is the fact that school libraries need to be upgraded with resources that meet the needs of diverse learners, and speak to the present hybridization in pedagogy and learning. A major impairing problem is the documented lack of …

The Lived Experience Of Expectant Mothers During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Bridgette Schulman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in many changes to obstetric care practices. While the changes aimed to decrease transmission and protect mothers and infants, the study revealed unintended consequences of the changes put in place during COVID-19. Currently, there is a gap in knowledge and understanding of how the changes in obstetric care practices affect women’s perceptions of the birth experience. The purpose of the study was to explore the lived experience of mothers who gave birth in the health care setting during the COVID-19 pandemic through the eyes of those who experienced it. The research question was: What is …

Regulating For Energy Justice, Alexandra B. Klass, Gabriel Chan

Articles

In this Article, we explore and critique the foundational norms that shape federal and state energy regulation and suggest pathways for reform that can incorporate principles of “energy justice.” These energy justice principles—developed in academic scholarship and social movements—include the equitable distribution of costs and benefits of the energy system, equitable participation and representation in energy decision making, and restorative justice for structurally marginalized groups.

While new legislation, particularly at the state level, is critical to the effort to advance energy justice, our focus here is on regulators’ ability to implement reforms now using their existing authority to advance the …