Digital Commons Network^™

Social Contributors For The Rise Of Covid-19 Infections In South Asia: A Large Cross-Sectional Survey, Zouina Sarfraz, Azza Sarfraz, Muzna Sarfraz, Nishwa Azeem, Namrata Hange, Miguel Felix, Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: The ongoing global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first reported in South Asia on 30th January 2020 in India. Ever since, certain countries have witnessed multiple waves of COVID-19, requiring attention by public health experts and strategists in the region. The objectives of this study are to assess social contributors to the recurrent waves of COVID-19 in South Asia including first demographic traits, second household characteristics and social measures, third workplace trends and personal protective equipment use, and fourth satisfaction and attitudes concerning public health measures and vaccination status. …

The Case For A Global Excess Profits Tax: A Response To Dr. Tarcísio Diniz Magalhães & Professor Allison Christians, Paige Powers

Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies

In striving to slow the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, governments across the globe acted quickly to implement various "stayat- home" orders and bans on all "non-essential activities." While these actions were likely effective in slowing the spread of the virus, the economic impacts were felt almost immediately. The US deficit rose to $3.1 trillion following massive spending to aid individuals and small businesses. Internationally, governments have been increasing their debt loads to combat both the health and financial impacts of the pandemic. Indeed, by the end of 2020, the international debt load increased to a record-breaking $281 trillion. Almost …

Alcohol Use, Sleep, And Depression Among Family Caregivers In The Time Of Covid-19, Ashley M. Strzelecki, Mairead E. Moloney, Alyssa T. Brooks, Jessica Weafer

Psychology Faculty Publications

The COVID-19 pandemic has substantially altered daily life around the world, resulting in significant impacts on health behaviors. The additional burdens imposed by family caregiving (i.e., providing unpaid care for children and/or adults) may further exacerbate negative effects of the pandemic on health and health behaviors, including increased alcohol consumption, poor sleep, and increased depressive symptoms. The current study examined this possibility. Participants (N = 320, mean age = 35.11 years) completed an online questionnaire assessing alcohol use, sleep, and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic (June–August 2020) and retrospectively assessed the same health behaviors in the months prior to the …

Exploring Scholarly Productivity, Supports, And Challenges Of Multinational Women Graduate Students During A Global Pandemic

Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Pandemic’S Impact On International Students In Japan And The United States: Comparative Study From National And Institutional Context

Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education

No abstract provided.

Coping And Adjustment During Covid-19: Experiences Of Chinese International Doctoral Students In The United States

Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education

No abstract provided.

Global Universities’ Leadership During Covid-19: Synergistic Knowledge Production To Mitigate An Endemic Crisis

Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education

No abstract provided.

Leading The Many, Considering The Few - University Presidents’ Perspectives On International Students During Covid-19

Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education

No abstract provided.

Leading The Many, Considering The Few - University Presidents’Perspectives On International Students During Covid-19, Sarah M Schiffecker, Jon Mcnaughtan, Santiago Castiello-Gutiérrez, Hugo Garcia, Xinyang Li

Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education

Globalization has changed the landscape of higher education. The purpose of this study is to enhance understanding of how higher education leaders are engaging emerging questions about successful leadership, particularly when it comes to international student populations in times of crisis. Guided by the Intercultural Leadership framework, this comparative case study illuminates how university presidents from eight different countries were informed in their perceptions of international students and how they acted to support this vulnerable population. The results of this analysis highlight practical implications for higher education leaders to utilize when navigating global crises while protecting international student populations.

Pandemic Repercussions: The Future Of International Education At Us Community Colleges

Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education

No abstract provided.

Internal Communication Within An Institution Of Higher Education During The Covid-19 Crisis: A Case Study, Jonathan Boone Clemmons

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to understand the role internal communication played in shaping perceptions among stakeholders during a major crisis event happening on a university campus. The main question that this study sought to answer was: how did formal and informal communication during the COVID-19 pandemic affect the perception and adoption of changes related to the pandemic? This case study utilized interviews and document analysis to understand both the change process and its accompanying communication. Workplace Social Network Exchange was the guiding theoretical framework utilized to fully understand the professional lives of participants. Four major themes were identified …

Regression Analysis Of Resilience And Covid-19 In Idaho Counties, Ishrat Zaman

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Global pandemic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has serious harmful effects on our day-to-day lives. To overcome challenges such as this, critical preparedness, readiness, and response actions are required. This thesis uses estimates of community resilience available through the CRE Tool, published by the US Census Bureau, and COVID19 cases published by John Hopkins Coronavirus Research Center for Idaho counties. Simple linear regression analysis was performed to identify a correlation between COVID-19 cases and deaths in Idaho counties and measures of their resilience. Understanding this correlation could lead to better estimation and prediction of the effect of disasters in Idaho’s counties. …

A Machine Learning Framework For Detecting Covid-19 Infection Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering, Eloghosa Ikponmwoba, Okezzi Ukorigho, Parikshit Moitra, Dipanjan Pan, Manas Ranjan Gartia, Opeoluwa Owoyele

Faculty Publications

In this study, we explored machine learning approaches for predictive diagnosis using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), applied to the detection of COVID-19 infection in biological samples. To do this, we utilized SERS data collected from 20 patients at the University of Maryland Baltimore School of Medicine. As a preprocessing step, the positive-negative labels are obtained using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) testing. First, we compared the performance of linear and nonlinear dimensionality techniques for projecting the high-dimensional Raman spectra to a low-dimensional space where a smaller number of variables defines each sample. The appropriate number of reduced features used was obtained …

Investigating The Relationships Between Socioeconomic Status, Kratom Legislation, And The Covid-19 Pandemic On Opioid Overdose Mortality In The United States., Lyndsey Blair

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: 585,000 people have died from an opioid overdose in the US between 1999 and 2020. The current opioid epidemic has been described as a quadruple wave of overdoses, due in part to the changes in prescription and illicit opioid supply as well as the underlying social and structural factors that led to a subsequent increase in demand. In order to mitigate the opioid epidemic through prevention and protection strategies, we must first understand the social and structural factors that are driving the increase in opioid misuse and abuse. To better understand the socioeconomic factors, we described socioeconomic profiles of …

Social Media Analytics With Applications In Disaster Management And Covid-19 Events, Md Yasin Kabir

Doctoral Dissertations

"Social media such as Twitter offers a tremendous amount of data throughout an event or a disastrous situation. Leveraging social media data during a disaster is beneficial for effective and efficient disaster management. Information extraction, trend identification, and determining public reactions might help in the future disaster or even avert such an event. However, during a disaster situation, a robust system is required that can be deployed faster and process relevant information with satisfactory performance in real-time. This work outlines the research contributions toward developing such an effective system for disaster management, where it is paramount to develop automated machine-enabled …

Reach - Covid And Flu Vaccine Supplement Listening Sessions Report, Theresa H. Cruz, Camille Velarde

Reports & Documents

No abstract provided.

Burnout And Wellness Strategies During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Cecilia Salinas Domene

MEDI 9331 Scholarly Activities Clinical Years

During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers not only had to manage how to treat a new disease but also had to increase their workload to keep up with the patients infected with the new virus. These physicians had to deal with an increase in patients and an increase in patient deaths. In addition, being a frontline worker meant that these physicians had more exposure to the virus than the general population. If they did contract the virus themselves, they had to go into quarantine, many times away from their families (Walton et al., 2020). A national survey done of physicians …

Genome-Wide Bidirectional Crispr Screens Identify Mucins As Host Factors Modulating Sars-Cov-2 Infection, Scott B Biering, Sylvia A Sarnik, Eleanor Wang, James R Zengel, Sarah R Leist, Alexandra Schäfer, Varun Sathyan, Padraig Hawkins, Kenichi Okuda, Cyrus Tau, Aditya R Jangid, Connor V Duffy, Jin Wei, Rodney C Gilmore, Mia Madel Alfajaro, Madison S Strine, Xammy Nguyenla, Erik Van Dis, Carmelle Catamura, Livia H Yamashiro, Julia A Belk, Adam Begeman, Jessica C Stark, D Judy Shon, Douglas M Fox, Shahrzad Ezzatpour, Emily Huang, Nico Olegario, Arjun Rustagi, Allison S Volmer, Alessandra Livraghi-Butrico, Eddie Wehri, Richard R Behringer, Dong-Joo Cheon, Julia Schaletzky, Hector C Aguilar, Andreas S Puschnik, Brian Button, Benjamin A Pinsky, Catherine A Blish, Ralph S Baric, Wanda K O'Neal, Carolyn R Bertozzi, Craig B Wilen, Richard C Boucher, Jan E Carette, Sarah A Stanley, Eva Harris, Silvana Konermann, Patrick D Hsu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes a range of symptoms in infected individuals, from mild respiratory illness to acute respiratory distress syndrome. A systematic understanding of host factors influencing viral infection is critical to elucidate SARS-CoV-2-host interactions and the progression of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we conducted genome-wide CRISPR knockout and activation screens in human lung epithelial cells with endogenous expression of the SARS-CoV-2 entry factors ACE2 and TMPRSS2. We uncovered proviral and antiviral factors across highly interconnected host pathways, including clathrin transport, inflammatory signaling, cell-cycle regulation, and transcriptional and epigenetic regulation. We further identified mucins, a …

Covid Information And Masking Behaviors In U.S. Adolescents: Findings From The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (Abcd) Study, Jason M. Nagata, Kyle T. Ganson, Jingyi Liu, Khushi P. Patel, Josephine C. Tai, Stuart B. Murray, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo

Publications

Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to health misinformation and are at risk for suboptimal adherence to protective health behaviors in the COVID-19 pandemic. Guided by factors consistent with the theories of planned behavior and rumor transmission, this study sought to analyze the impact of multiple information sources, including social media, television media, internet and parental counseling, on masking behaviors in adolescents. Responses from the December 2020 COVID-19 survey, representing 4,106 U.S. adolescents ages 12-14 from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ABCD) were analyzed. The majority of parents (61.1%) reported counseling their children on the importance of wearing masks all the …

Could Cultures Determine The Course Of Epidemics And Explain Waves Of Covid-19?, Md Salman Rahman

Theses and Dissertations

Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is an infectious disease that quickly became a pandemic spreading with different patterns in each country. Travel bans, lockdowns, social distancing, and non-essential business closures caused significant economic disruptions and stalled growth worldwide in the pandemic’s first year. In almost every country, public health officials forced and/or encouraged Nonpharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) such as contact tracing, social distancing, masks, and quarantine. Human behavioral decision-making regarding social isolation significantly impedes global success in containing the pandemic. This thesis focuses on human behaviors and cultures related to the decision-making of social isolation during the pandemic. …

Covid-19 And Cardiac Injury: A Complex Interplay, Muenpetch Muenkaew

Asian Medical Journal and Alternative Medicine

Although the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) primarily affects the respiratory system, the cardiovascular system is the potential target since angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which acts as a receptor for the virus, is also extensively expressed in the myocardium. A large proportion of individuals infected with COVID-19 have prior cardiac risk factors in which hypertension and diabetes are the most prevalent comorbidities. Cardiac injury, defined as an elevated cardiac troponin, is the most reported cardiac abnormality in COVID-19. Acute cardiac injury can occur through a number of possible mechanisms include: (1) Non-ischemic myocardial injury related to various causes e.g., systemic inflammation, cytokine …

Look, But Don’T Touch: Impact Of Covid-19 On The Nicu Caregiver, Rebecca C. Otwell-Dove

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Admission of an infant into the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is an experience that has been associated with a variety of both positive and negative health outcomes for parent and child. While both the setting name and the admitted population alludes to a sole focus on the affected infant, what often remains underrecognized is the impact on the ones who care for the newborn long before and longer after their NICU stay. Given the recency and unprecedented impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, very little research has examined the impact of COVID-19-specific stress on the experience of parents of infants …

The Role Of Middle And High School Principals During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Phenomenological Study, Dustin Ford

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine middle and high school principal roles prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic to gain a better understanding about how leadership responsibilities adapted or changed. Data collection strategies included one-on-one interviews with nine middle and high school principals in East Tennessee. To qualify for the study participants had to have experience in the principalship prior to the pandemic. The analysis of data was based on the theoretical frameworks of adaptive leadership (Heifetz et al., 2009) and change theory (Fullan, 2020). The results revealed five key themes that were consistent during the …

Relationships Between Covid-19 Infection Rates, Healthcare Access, Socioeconomic Status, And Cultural Diversity, Marghece P. J. Barnes

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a disproportionate impact on racial and ethnic minority groups, with high infection rates throughout those communities. There are a complex set of factors that account for COVID-19 disparities. Focusing on infection and death rates alone without also examining health equity, underestimates the true impact of the pandemic. To gain a more clear understanding of COVID-19’s impact in these communities, we analyzed the relationship between state COVID-19 infection rates with social determinants of health: cultural diversity, health care access, and socioeconomic status. Our approach to identifying this relationship was to estimate infection rates by fitting John …

Informal And Incidental Learning In The Clinical Learning Environment: Learning Through Complexity And Uncertainty During Covid-19, Dimitrios Papanagnou, Karen E Watkins, Henriette Lundgren, Grace A Alcid, Deborah Ziring, Victoria J Marsick

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

In the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, where clinical environments are plagued by both uncertainty and complexity, the importance of the informal and social aspects of learning among health care teams cannot be exaggerated. While there have been attempts to better understand the nuances of informal learning in the clinical environment through descriptions of the tacit or hidden curriculum, incidental learning in medical education has only been partially captured in the research. Understood through concepts borrowed from the Cynefin conceptual framework for sensemaking, the early stages of the pandemic immersed clinical teams in complex and chaotic situations where there was …

A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis On Prevalence Of And Risk Factors Associated With Depression, Anxiety And Insomnia In Infectious Diseases, Including Covid-19: A Call To Action, Kai Yuan, Yong-Bo Zheng, Yi-Jie Wang, Yan-Kun Sun, Yi-Miao Gong, Yue-Tong Huang, Xuan Chen, Xiao-Xing Liu, Yi Zhong, Si-Zhen Su, Nan Gao, Yi-Long Lu, Zhe Wang, Wei-Jian Liu, Jian-Yu Que, Ying-Bo Yang, An-Yi Zhang, Meng-Ni Jing, Chen-Wei Yuan, Na Zeng, Michael V Vitiello, Vikram Patel, Seena Fazel, Harry Minas, Graham Thornicroft, Teng-Teng Fan, Xiao Lin, Wei Yan, Le Shi, Jie Shi, Thomas Kosten, Yan-Ping Bao, Lin Lu

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Infectious disease epidemics have become more frequent and more complex during the 21st century, posing a health threat to the general public and leading to psychological symptoms. The current study was designed to investigate the prevalence of and risk factors associated with depression, anxiety and insomnia symptoms during epidemic outbreaks, including COVID-19. We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, OVID, Medline, Cochrane databases, bioRxiv and medRxiv to identify studies that reported the prevalence of depression, anxiety or insomnia during infectious disease epidemics, up to August 14th, 2020. Prevalence of mental symptoms among different populations including the general public, …

Transitioning From In-Person To Telehealth Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy For Social Anxiety Disorder During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Case Study In Flexibility In An Adverse Context, Alma Teresa C. Molino, Kathryn D. Kriegshauser, Dakota Mcnamara Thornblade

Student Publications

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a condition in which people consistently and persistently experience significant fear and/or anxiety about one or more social situations in which they may be scrutinized and negatively evaluated. SAD has historically been found to respond well to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) delivered both in-person and via telehealth; however, comparatively little information is available regarding response to treatment in the context of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic social and physical distancing guidelines, which have affected the way in which behavioral health services are delivered, as well as opportunities for interpersonal interactions which are either spontaneous or assigned …

The Impact Of Covid-19 On Autism Research: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Of Discontinued Or Suspended Clinical Trials, Monika Neale, Elizabeth Landers, Nicholas B. Sajjadi, Anya Mazur-Mosiewicz, Micah Hartwell

Student Publications

Due to uncertainties associated with the COVID-19 public health crisis, several clinical trials had to be withdrawn or postponed. Our investigation aimed to assess the rate of discontinuation of clinical trials focusing on Autism Spectrum Disorder. Of the 197 registered trials included in our systematic review, 15 (7.6%) were discontinued, with nearly half of these explicitly citing COVID-19 as their reason for discontinuation. Pharmacological trials were six times more likely to be discontinued during the pandemic than non-pharmacological studies. The difference between the likelihood of discontinuation was statistically significant (OR: 6.13; 95% CI: 1.22-30.71). There was no evidence of association …

A Climate Resilience Research Renewal Agenda: Learning Lessons From The Covid-19 Pandemic For Urban Climate Resilience, Mark Pelling, Winston T. L. Chow, Eric Chu, Richard Dawson, David Dodman, Arabella Fraser, Bronwyn Hayward, Luna Khirfan, Timon Mcphearson, Anjal Prakash, Gina Ziervogel

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Learning lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic opens an opportunity for enhanced research and action on inclusive urban resilience to climate change. Lessons and their implications are used to describe a climate resilience research renewal agenda. Three key lessons are identified. The first lesson is generic, that climate change risk coexists and interacts with other risks through overlapping social processes, conditions and decision-making contexts. Two further lessons are urban specific: that networks of connectivity bring risk as well as resilience and that overcrowding is a key indicator of the multiple determinants of vulnerability to both COVID-19 and climate change impacts. From …

Mathematical Modeling Of Seir Model With Generalized Incidence Function And The Extension To Covid-19 Model, Shymaa Mohammad Dadoa

Theses

The COVID-19 pandemic had shown the importance of the SEIR model in predicting the outcome of the disease spread and to find the best strategies to contain the pandemic. As this type of model has a limited number of compartments, many other models were derived from the SEIR model to cover, to the maximum, the complex dynamics of the disease spread. These extensions of the SEIR model bring natural validity questions: How can we validate these models? and how far/close are these extended models from giving us real insights into the pandemic?

This thesis investigates the SEIR epidemic model and …