Digital Commons Network^™

Pharmacologic Ascorbic Acid As Early Therapy For Hospitalized Patients With Covid-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Dagan Coppock, Pierre-Christian Violet, Gustavo Vasquez, Katherine Belden, Michael Foster, Bret Mullin, Devon Magee, Isabelle Mikell, Lokesh Shah, Victoria Powers, Brian Curcio, Daniel A. Monti, Mark Levine

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

Despite the widespread availability of effective vaccines, new cases of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), remain a concern in the settings of vaccine hesitancy and vaccine breakthrough. In this randomized, controlled, phase 2 trial, we hypothesized that high-dose ascorbic acid delivered intravenously to achieve pharmacologic concentrations may target the high viral phase of COVID-19 and thus improve early clinical outcomes. Sixty-six patients admitted with COVID-19 and requiring supplemental oxygen were randomized to receive either escalating doses of intravenous ascorbic acid plus standard of care or standard of care alone. The demographic …

Use Of Digital Archives During The Covid-19 Pandemic By Murray State History Students, David Sye

Journal of Contemporary Archival Studies

During the 2020-2021 academic year, which was impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers had limited access to physical repositories for historical research. Both the limitation of in-person archival access and the growth of digitization led to a greater use and reliance on digitized primary source materials. This preliminary study examines the approaches undergraduate and graduate history students took to find and access primary sources online amidst the pandemic. An expanded study has the potential to provide insight on search methods, types of repositories used, types of primary sources used, the use of online vs in-person sources, and factors for digital …

Pilgrimage During Covid-19: Impacts, Adaptations, And Recovery, Anne E. Bailey Dr

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

Towards the end of 2020, this journal published an issue devoted to the impact of COVID-19. The novel coronavirus was having a devastating effect not only on public health but also on the global religious tourism industry. Places of worship closed, pilgrimage events and activities were cancelled, and travel restrictions limited mobility. A viable vaccination was predicted to be eighteen months away. One contributor even asked, ‘Is this the end of pilgrimage?’

This article re-examines and re-evaluates the impact of COVID-19, taking up some of the themes introduced in the 2020 issue. Focusing on western pilgrimage, with evidence from online …

The Effect Of Covid-19 On Independent African Churches (Iacs) In Johannesburg, South Africa, Constance Nyika, Milena Ivanovic, Kevin A. Griffin

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

This paper explores the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the religious tourism activities of the four most prominent Independent Apostolic Churches (IAC) operating in Johannesburg, South Africa. This is an interpretive qualitative research study based on data from 15 telephone-based semi-structured interviews with congregants and church leaders of the Zion Christian Church, Zimbabwe (ZCC Mutendi), The Apostolic Church of Johane Marange, The Apostolic Church of Johane Masowe and Apostolic Faith Church, Mugodhi. Thematic content analysis was used for data analysis.

The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the religious tourism activities of all four IACs in the study as they …

Tackling Protein-Calorie Malnutrition During World Crises, Zahra Ali Padhani, Jai K. Das, Saeed Akhtar, Tariq Ismail, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Woman and Child Health

Undernutrition is still highly prevalent in developing countries and leads to a multitude of problems as it weakens the immune system, which leads to increased risk of infections and diet-related diseases. COVID-19 has worsened the existing situation and has resulted in unprecedented health, social, and economic disruptions across the world. Before COVID-19, about 54% children under 5 years were moderately or seriously malnourished, and after the COVID-19 pandemic, early estimates suggest that an additional 2.6 million children were stunted; 9.3 million were wasted, with an addition of 2.1 million maternal anemia cases; 168,000 child deaths; and USD 29.7 billion in …

The Economic And Financial Impact Of The First Phase Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On The Sports Market, Joanna Jedel, Marcin Burchard

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: For the last several months, the world has been dominated by the coronavirus pandemic that effectively stopped the activity of entities in all fields of social life: finance, economy, culture and, broadly defined sport. The dynamic nature of changes and adaptation to a new reality were related to new restrictions and limitations on the functioning of society that were imposed by local governments. Material and methods: The authors analysed available reports that described the general results of the sports market as well as reports and financial statements for the period of the COVID-10 pandemic published by public joint-stock companies …

“This Isn’T Just Busy, This Is Scary”: Stress, Social Support, And Coping Experiences Of Frontline Nurses During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Erin S. Craw, Tess M. Buckley, Michelle Miller-Day

Communication Faculty Articles and Research

Despite having previous experience and extensive trauma training, the COVID-19 pandemic presented unprecedented challenges for nurses working in hospital settings. During the pandemic, nurses struggle to care for patients and protect themselves from infection, while navigating ongoing organizational changes. Guided by prior literature on social support and coping, this study explores nurses’ experiences of coping with stress while treating COVID-19 patients during the pandemic. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 active staff nurses working in hospitals and one licensed practical nurse (LPN) at a rehabilitation center who treated COVID-19 patients during the pandemic. An inductive thematic analysis was employed …

Examining Motivation In Turbulent Times: A Self-Determination Theory Replication, Jessalyn I. Vallade, Renee Kaufmann, T. Kody Frey

Basic Communication Course Annual

The purpose of this study was to replicate and extend previous work (Chiu, 2021a, 2021b; Vallade et al., 2020) by applying self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985) to student motivation and engagement in the basic communication course during the shift to online learning in the initial onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results indicated that students were most often motivated and engaged through instructor communication and behavior that met their need for relatedness, with a particular emphasis on instructor presence. Theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed within the context of the basic communication course.

Public Speaking In A Pandemic: A Situational, Compensatory, And Resilient Undertaking, Joshua F. Hoops

Basic Communication Course Annual

The introductory public speaking class includes topics such as audience analysis, credibility, organization, visual aids, and delivery. While the pedagogy I employ in this class tends to be very interactive and require a lot of group work, 2020 will forever be known as the year of the COVID-19 global pandemic, which produced social distancing, stay-at-home-orders, and mask wearing. This study examines the impacts of pandemic precautions on public speaking practice, specifically situational communication apprehension. In addition to recording my own observations throughout my face-to-face public speaking class, I also periodically interviewed students about their experience taking the course during a …

The Economic And Financial Impact Of The First Phase Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On The Sports Market, Joanna Jedel, Marcin Burchard

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: For the last several months, the world has been dominated by the coronavirus pandemic that effectively stopped the activity of entities in all fields of social life: finance, economy, culture and, broadly defined sport. The dynamic nature of changes and adaptation to a new reality were related to new restrictions and limitations on the functioning of society that were imposed by local governments. Material and methods: The authors analysed available reports that described the general results of the sports market as well as reports and financial statements for the period of the COVID-10 pandemic published by public joint-stock companies …

Symposium Transcript: Healthcare, Sepia Coleman

Seattle Journal for Social Justice

No abstract provided.

K-12 Nontraditional Bargaining In A Time Of Covid-19: Building Solidarity Between Movements Through Shared Grievances, Ben Waldron, Richard Bales

Seattle Journal for Social Justice

No abstract provided.

Orientalism Restated In The Era Of Covid-19, Joey Kim

Asian American Literature: Discourses & Pedagogies

This essay bridges a gap between an analysis of anti-Asian targeting and an analysis of Orientalism. Because histories of Orientalism and anti-Asian targeting pre-date the current moment, I demonstrate the centrality of Orientalism to the evolution of xenophobic language and sentiment in U.S.-foreign historical relations. I recount instances of anti-Asian, xenophobic, and “Yellow-Peril” rhetoric in the wake of the global COVID-19 pandemic. In doing so, I examine the racialization of COVID-19 as a trope of orientalism. This racialization, I argue, places the Asian-presenting body in a state of heightened visibility, precarity, and susceptibility to plunder. The newfound precarity of the …

The Covid-19 Pandemic: Exploring E-Learning Experience During Schools Closure In Tanzania, Fabian Gallus Mahundu

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

of parents and guardians in supporting their children’s e-learning activities during the COVID-19 lockdown in Tanzania. The study adopted an exploratory qualitative research design. Data were collected using telephone interviews and open-ended questions (using google forms), which inquired parents’ and guardians’ experience in supporting home based e-learning activities among students during the COVID-19 lockdown. The paper argues that giving students free access to online learning materials during COVID-19 lockdowns is paramount. However, parents’ and guardians’ support through sharing one’s phones must be monitored to safeguard learners from accessing irrelevant materials. Findings show that parents and guardians had different experiences in …

Lessons Learned From Topic Modeling Analysis Of Covid-19 News To Enrich Statistics Education In Korea, Seokmin Kang, Sungyeun Kim

Teaching and Learning Faculty Publications

This study aimed to investigate how mass media in Korea dealt with various issues arising from COVID-19 and the implications of this on statistics education in South Korea during the recent pandemic. We extracted news articles with the keywords “Corona” and “Statistics” from 18 February to 20 May 2020. We employed word frequency analysis, topic modeling, semantic network analysis, hierarchical clustering, and simple linear regression analysis. The main results of this study are as follows. First, the topic modeling analysis revealed four topics, namely “macroeconomy”, “domestic outbreak”, “international outbreak”, and “real estate and stocks”. Second, a simple linear regression analysis …

What Is The Law's Role In A Recession?, Gabriel Rauterberg, Joshua Younger

Reviews

In March 2020, the world faced not only a public health emergency but also one of the most profound shocks to the global economy in the modern era — a shock deeper and broader than any other in eighty years. Never before had virtually all of the world’s economies suffered a contraction at the same time (Tooze, p. 5). Global output decreased by nearly 3.4% in 2020, the largest contraction since the Second World War. The United States saw the largest recorded demand shock in its history (-32.9%), and the unemployment rate peaked around 15% during 2020, higher than at …

Adoption And Use Of Social Media Platforms By Ophthalmology Programs During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Hasenin Al-Khersan, Rebecca Tanenbaum, Anne L. Kunkler, Nimesh A. Patel, Jayanth Sridhar

Journal of Academic Ophthalmology

Abstract

Purpose The aim of this study was to determine whether the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic influenced the presence of ophthalmology residency programs on social media platforms.

Methods The presence of all accredited ophthalmology residency programs on Twitter and Instagram was assessed for January 2020 and August through March 2021 through an online search. The number of followers and posts per month during these periods was collected for each program. The presence of programs on social media was compared between the two time periods.

Results The percentage of programs on Instagram rose from 18% in January of 2020 to …

Self-Medication Practices In Medical Students During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Analysis, Farah Yasmin, Muhammad Sohaib Asghar, Unaiza Naeem, Hala Najeeb, Hamza Nauman, Muhammad Nadeem Ahsan, Abdullah Khan Khattak

Medical College Documents

Background and objectives: During the pandemic, the growing influence of social media, accessibility of over-the-counter medications, and fear of contracting the virus may have led to self-medication practices among the general public. Medical students are prone to such practices due to relevant background knowledge, and access to drugs. This study was carried out to determine and analyze the prevalence of self-medication practices among medical students in Pakistan.
Materials and methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted online in which the participants were asked about the general demographics, their self-medication practices and the reasons to use. All participants were currently enrolled …

Covid-19 Testing And Education At The Allen Family Center, Zoe Beck, Elijah Chong-Gum, Josselyn Gonzalez Perea, Sydnie Gould, Emily Planck, Kamila Tracey

Nursing Leadership in Community Engagement Projects

COVID-19 Testing and Education at the Allen Family Center

COVID-19 Testing and Education at the Allen Family Center The Mount Baker community is home to many families experiencing homelessness and housing instability. According to the Department of Community and Health Services, there is an estimate of 40,800 people in King County who experienced homelessness in 2020 (King County Department of Community, 2021). The Allen Family Center (AFC) is an inviting community resource, partnered with Mary’s Place and Mercy Housing Northwest, that serves families by providing assistance with housing, medical care, and childcare; recently, the AFC began providing COVID-19 testing available …

Determinants Of Covid-19 Vaccinations Among A State-Wide Year-Long Surveillance Initiative In A Conservative Southern State, Lídia Gual-Gonzalez, Maggie S.J. Mccarter, Kyndall Dye-Braumuller, Stella Self, Connor H. Ross, Chloe Rodriguez-Ramos, Virginie G. Daguise, Melissa Nolan Ph.D., Mph

Faculty Publications

By the end of 2021, the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in over 54 million cases and more than 800,000 deaths in the United States, and over 350 million cases and more than 5 million deaths worldwide. The uniqueness and gravity of this pandemic have been reflected in the public health guidelines poorly received by a growing subset of the United States population. These poorly received guidelines, including vaccine receipt, are a highly complex psychosocial issue, and have impacted the successful prevention of disease spread. Given the intricate nature of this important barrier, any single statistical analysis methodologically fails to address all …

Clinical Severity Of, And Effectiveness Of Mrna Vaccines Against, Covid-19 From Omicron, Delta, And Alpha Sars-Cov-2 Variants In The United States: Prospective Observational Study, Adam S Lauring, Hilary M Babcock, Jennie H Kwon, Et Al

Open Access Publications

OBJECTIVES: To characterize the clinical severity of covid-19 associated with the alpha, delta, and omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants among adults admitted to hospital and to compare the effectiveness of mRNA vaccines to prevent hospital admissions related to each variant.

DESIGN: Case-control study.

SETTING: 21 hospitals across the United States.

PARTICIPANTS: 11 690 adults (≥18 years) admitted to hospital: 5728 with covid-19 (cases) and 5962 without covid-19 (controls). Patients were classified into SARS-CoV-2 variant groups based on viral whole genome sequencing, and, if sequencing did not reveal a lineage, by the predominant circulating variant at the time of hospital admission: alpha (11 …

The Positive And Negative Impacts Of The Covid-19 Pandemic Towards Youths’ Mental Health, Benedict Heng, Joshua Michael Chua, Darrshan S Ramesh Kumar, Cecilia Low, Cheng Han Tay, Brian Lim

Introduction to Research Methods RSCH 202

Due to quarantine measures, the impact of COVID-19 on youths' mental health may be more significant than on their physical health. This study aims to map out the positive and negative implications that COVID-19 brings concerning mental health. The main dependent variable of our study will be the evaluated mental health of Singaporean youths. Based on previous research and articles, we have chosen the difference in education level as our key independent variable and social isolation, lack of physical activity, family conflicts, and family emotional support as the control variables. Our study will be conducted through a survey on Singapore's …

The Covid–19 Pandemic Highlighted The Need For Mandated Esg Disclosures: Now What?, Nicholas P. Mack

University of Miami Business Law Review

This is not simply your run–of–the–mill COVID–19 article. Instead, this article highlights a salient issue that has been right in front of our eyes this whole time and COVID–19 simply took our blinders off. ESG—short for environmental, social, and governance—is gaining significant momentum both at the firm level and in investment strategy, yet the SEC is trailing behind in ensuring the market is adequately informed of firms’ ESG information. It is important to note that the COVID–19 pandemic initially threw the market into an unanticipated downward spiral; however, many ESG funds still managed to outperform the market in the midst …

The Increased Use And Permanency Of Technology: How Those Changes Impact Attorneys’ Professional Responsibility And Ethical Obligations To Clients And Recommendations For Improvement, Scott B. Piekarsky

University of Miami Business Law Review

No abstract provided.

Rationing Healthcare During A Pandemic: Shielding Healthcare Providers From Tort Liability In Uncharted Legal Territory, Frederick V. Perry, Miriam Weismann

University of Miami Business Law Review

As the coronavirus pandemic intensified, many communities in the U.S. experienced shortages of ventilators, ICU beds, and other medical supplies and treatment. There was no single national response providing guidance on the allocation of scarce healthcare resources. There has been no consistent state response either. Instead, various governmental and nongovernmental state actors in several but not all states formulated “triage protocols,” known as Crisis Standards of Care, to prioritize patient access to care where population demand exceeded supply. One intended purpose of the protocols was to immunize or shield healthcare providers from tort liability based on injuries resulting from a …

Mental And Physical Health In General Population During Covid-19: Systematic Review And Narrative Synthesis, Feifei Wang, Szilvia Boros

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The outbreak of COVID-19 changed the normality of daily life. Due to mobility restriction measures, physical and mental health in general population became a remarkable concern for researchers and health professionals. Material and methods: This article briefly reviews the evidence of mental and physical health consequences during COVID-19 pandemic. The review was conducted in October 2020 through PubMed and Web of Science with the searching frame: Mental health and Physical health and COVID-19. The study selection process followed the PRISMA flow diagram. Results: The reported mental consequences were mainly negative psychological effects including stress symptoms, anxiety, and depression. The …

An Epidemiological, Strategic And Response Analysis Of The Covid-19 Pandemic In South Asia: A Population-Based Observational Study, Hafiz Muhammad Salman, Javaria Syed, Atif Riaz, Zouina Sarfraz, Azza Sarfraz, Syed Hashim Abbas Ali Bokhari, Ivan Cherrez Ojeda

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Introduction: South Asia has had a dynamic response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The overall burden and response have remained comparable across highly-burdened countries within the South Asian Region.
Methodology: Using a population-based observational design, all eight South Asian countries were analyzed using a step-wise approach. Data were obtained from government websites and publicly-available repositories for population dynamics and key variables.
Results: South Asian countries have a younger average age of their population. Inequitable distribution of resources centered in urban metropolitan cities within South Asia is present. Certain densely populated regions in these countries have better testing and healthcare facilities …

Iranian Efl Teachers’ Challenges And Coping Strategies During Covid-19 Pandemic: A Case Study, Nasim Ghanbari, Sima Nowroozi

The Qualitative Report

The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has had unprecedented effects on education. The sudden shift to online classes along with strict physical distancing measures in the pedagogical settings require educators to reconsider all aspects involved in teaching and learning. Teachers as important stakeholders must grapple with the challenges caused by the abrupt transition to remote teaching and learning. Hence, using a qualitative case study, the present study set out to find how two Iranian experienced English language teachers at Persian Gulf University faced with the challenges after COVID-19 came into effect halfway through the university semester. To achieve this goal, the …

Depression Among Medical Students In The United States During The Covid-19 Pandemic: The Role Of Communication Between Universities And Their Students, Alexandra Ecker, Abbey B Berenson, Sandra J Gonzalez, Roger Zoorob, Jacqueline M Hirth

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: Medical students are vulnerable to stress and depression during medical school and the COVID-19 pandemic may have exacerbated these issues. This study examined whether the risk of depression was associated with COVID-19 pandemic-related medical school communication.

METHODS: A 144 - item pilot cross-sectional online survey of medical students in the US, was carried out between September 1, 2020 and December 31, 2020. Items on stress, depression, and communication between students and their medical schools were included. This study examined associations of student perceptions of universities' communication efforts and pandemic response with risk of developing depression.

RESULTS: The sample included …

Uncertainty And Unrest: A Collaborative Pedagogical Response To Pandemics, Protests, And Policy, Jodi Benenson, Tara Kolar Bryan, Carol Ebdon, Theresa Glanz, James Harrold, Thomas Jamieson, Njoki Mwarumba

Public Administration Faculty Publications

This article presents the pedagogical, observational, and empirical findings from a social equity centered team-taught course that served as an effective learning approach for both students and faculty during a time of great uncertainty and unrest in 2020. The article begins by describing the context for why this course was offered, outlining the need to use a collaborative teaching approach that centers social equity and interdisciplinary expertise when issues such as a global pandemic and racial injustice arise. The authors then describe the methodology and findings associated with surveying students and faculty members who were engaged with the course and …