Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
- Institution
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Journal of Marine Research (2451)
- Marine Biology (24)
- Fisheries (16)
- Theses (Unassigned) (5)
- Master's Theses (4)
-
- Biological Sciences (3)
- Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions) (3)
- Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD) (2)
- Biological Sciences Faculty Publications (1)
- Honors Papers (1)
- Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan (1)
- Master's Theses and Capstones (1)
- OES Faculty Publications (1)
- Open Access Master's Theses (1)
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses (1)
- Theses and Dissertations (1)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 1111 - 1140 of 2516
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Microbial-Meiofaunal Interrelationships In Some Tropical Intertidal Sediments, Daniel M. Alongi
Microbial-Meiofaunal Interrelationships In Some Tropical Intertidal Sediments, Daniel M. Alongi
Journal of Marine Research
Interrelationships among microbial and meiofaunal communities were examined for one year at four intertidal mangrove and sandflat habitats in tropical northeastern Australia. None of the microbial and meiofaunal communities correlated with physical factors over the year as densities of most microbial and meiofaunal groups, bacterial productivity and specific growth rates (μ) of bacteria fluctuated significantly over time at each habitat with no distinct seasonality. However, over a tidal cycle, bacterial growth rates were significantly affected by tidal flooding and exposure on the sandflat; bacterial growth rates increased with increasing sediment temperatures upon exposure during daylight. Protozoan and meiofaunal …
Cold-Seep Benthic Communities In The Japan Subduction Zones: Geological Control Of Community Development, Myriam Sibuet, S. Kim Juniper, Guy Pautot
Cold-Seep Benthic Communities In The Japan Subduction Zones: Geological Control Of Community Development, Myriam Sibuet, S. Kim Juniper, Guy Pautot
Journal of Marine Research
A large number of Calyptogena-dominated benthic communities, apparently chemosynthetically-based, were discovered at methane-rich pore-water seeps in the Japan subduction zones (3850–6000 m depth). Photographic and video surveys from four submersible dives were analyzed to study the influence of faulting, topography and substratum on exploitation of cold seeps by megafauna. Pore-water seepage occurred in a variety of geological settings, including subduction-erosion and accretionary prism formation, always in association with major faults which likely facilitated upward migration of fluids from a deep high-pressure zone. Sediment cover and manganese crusts on the seafloor appeared to block pore-water discharge, except where interrupted by …
Phytoplankton Species Composition And Abundance In A Gulf Stream Warm Core Ring. I. Changes Over A Five Month Period, Richard W. Gould Jr., Greta A. Fryxell
Phytoplankton Species Composition And Abundance In A Gulf Stream Warm Core Ring. I. Changes Over A Five Month Period, Richard W. Gould Jr., Greta A. Fryxell
Journal of Marine Research
During the spring and summer of 1982, Gulf Stream warm core ring (WCR) 82B was sampled during four cruises from April to August to investigate the changes in the phytoplankton flora with time. Discrete water samples from 28 stations were collected for identification and enumeration of phytoplankton. The spring increase in WCR 828 occurred from late April to mid-May and was multiphasic; early periods were dominated by the diatoms Minidiscus trioculatus (4–5 μm diam.) and a small Thalassiosira, possibly T. bulbosa, while later periods were dominated by a small (2–3 μm) biflagellate. In June, another diatom …
A Provisional Diagenetic Model For Ph In Anoxic Porewaters: Application To The Foam Site, Bernard P. Boudreau, Donald E. Canfield
A Provisional Diagenetic Model For Ph In Anoxic Porewaters: Application To The Foam Site, Bernard P. Boudreau, Donald E. Canfield
Journal of Marine Research
This paper presents a diffusion-advection-reaction model for the pH of anoxic porewaters in nonirrigated sediments. Because of the couplings demanded by the organic-matter decay reaction, various acid-base interconversions, dissolved-iron generation, and CaCO3 and FeS precipitation, the model does not consider H+ alone, but deals simultaneously with 17 dissolved species. The complex and largely unknown kinetics of some of the processes affecting these species have been approximated by simple ad hoc formulations. For this reason, the model must be considered provisional. We have also made extensive use of the local (partial) equilibrium assumption to circumvent the computational problems generated …
Eddy-Wall Interactions, Doron Nof
Eddy-Wall Interactions, Doron Nof
Journal of Marine Research
A nonlinear one and a half-layer model is considered to examine the collision of isolated eddies with vertical walls. The round undisturbed eddies are allowed to have relatively large amplitudes; they are bounded by a free streamline beyond which the ocean is stagnant. The inviscid interaction is examined by, conceptually, “cutting” the eddies with a straight vertical wall. The resulting events are studied using a perturbation expansion in ε, the nondimensional penetration of the wall into the vortices, i.e., “weak” interactions are examined. Two class of eddies are considered. The first consists of linear quasi-geostrophic eddies (i.e., small amplitude …
Mesoscale Heterogeneity Of The Wind-Driven Mixed Layer: Influence Of A Quasigeostrophic Flow, Patrice Klein, Bach Lien Hua
Mesoscale Heterogeneity Of The Wind-Driven Mixed Layer: Influence Of A Quasigeostrophic Flow, Patrice Klein, Bach Lien Hua
Journal of Marine Research
Weller (1982) and Kunze (1985) have shown that the presence of a geostrophic flow may be responsible for a large part of the observed mesoscale heterogeneity and intermittency of inertial oscillations. In this paper, the effects of this influence on the dynamics of the wind-driven mixed-layer (ML), in particular on entrainment and ML depth evolution, are analytically derived. A simple ML model including these effects is coupled with the quasigeostrophic numerical model of Hua and Haidvogel (1986) in order to investigate and characterize the specific effects of a quasigeostrophic flow on the ML spatial heterogeneity. Numerical results clearly show that …
Field Assessment Of Sediment Trap Efficiency Under Varying Flow Conditions, Edward T. Baker, Hugh B. Milburn, David A. Tennant
Field Assessment Of Sediment Trap Efficiency Under Varying Flow Conditions, Edward T. Baker, Hugh B. Milburn, David A. Tennant
Journal of Marine Research
Knowledge of the collection efficiency of sediment traps, particularly under conditions of varying current speed, is presently more a matter of hope than confidence. We report here on a field experiment designed to determine, for a particular trap geometry, the effect of current speed and particle fall velocity on the collection efficiency of a moored trap relative to the presumably unbiased efficiency of an identical drifting trap. The experiment was performed in a deep estuarine tidal passage where a smoothly varying unidirectional flow and a spatially homogenous particle population mimicked laboratory flume conditions. A multiple-sample sediment trap integrated to a …
Functional Response Of The Euphausiid Thysanoessa Raschii Grazing On Small Diatoms And Toxic Dinoflagellates, Sam Mcclatchie
Functional Response Of The Euphausiid Thysanoessa Raschii Grazing On Small Diatoms And Toxic Dinoflagellates, Sam Mcclatchie
Journal of Marine Research
The functional response of T. raschii feeding on monocultures of small phytoplankton at 0.4–14 μg pigment liter–1 was determined using a time-series method in a large volume flow-through grazing system. A model-free robust regression procedure aided by graphical and statistical methods was used to compare Ivlev, Michaelis-Menten, linear, Disk equation and Holling type III models. Ivlev, Michaelis-Menten and Disk equation models were less preferable to a linear model because their parameters were highly correlated and could not be uniquely determined, although they appear to fit the data graphically. Holling type III model did not fit the data. A …
Response Of Small Motile Epifauna To Complexity Of Epiphytic Algae On Seagrass Blades, Margaret O. Hall, Susan S. Bell
Response Of Small Motile Epifauna To Complexity Of Epiphytic Algae On Seagrass Blades, Margaret O. Hall, Susan S. Bell
Journal of Marine Research
Field collections and experiments were performed to examine the relationship between the biomass of epiphytic algae (= habitat complexity) on Thalassia testudinum blades and the density of associated motile epifauna. Samples collected at Egmont Key, Florida indicated a significant positive association between the density of harpacticoid copepods, the most numerous taxon on seagrass blades, and biomass of the dominant epiphyte, Giffordia mitchelliae. Similar results were noted for nematodes, amphipods, and crustacean nauplii. Seagrass blades with large amounts of epiphytic algae are often older than blades with lesser amounts of algae, and have had a longer time to be colonized by …
The Northern Limit Of Spawning By Atlantic Eels (Anguilla Spp.) In The Sargasso Sea In Relation To Thermal Fronts And Surface Water Masses, Robert C. Kleckner, James D. Mccleave
The Northern Limit Of Spawning By Atlantic Eels (Anguilla Spp.) In The Sargasso Sea In Relation To Thermal Fronts And Surface Water Masses, Robert C. Kleckner, James D. Mccleave
Journal of Marine Research
American and European eels (Anguilla rostrata and A. anguilla) spawn in a large poorly defined area east of the Bahamas between about longitude 50W and 75W in the Sargasso Sea. We use the distribution of tiny Anguilla larvae taken in ichthyoplankton collections and associated characterizations of hydrography to test two hypotheses concerning distribution of water masses and the northern limit of spawning by both species. Data are presented from four transects of closely spaced stations conducted during February and April 1983 which refute our hypothesis that a positive correlation exists between the distribution of the Subtropical Underwater and …
The Comparison Of Macrobenthic Recolonization Patterns Near And Away From Crab Burrows On A Sublittoral Sand Flat, Simon F. Thrush
The Comparison Of Macrobenthic Recolonization Patterns Near And Away From Crab Burrows On A Sublittoral Sand Flat, Simon F. Thrush
Journal of Marine Research
This study assessed the influence of crab burrows (Macrophthalmus hirtipes) on localized patterns of macrobenthic colonization on a sand flat at 6 m depth in Otago Harbor, New Zealand. 150 m2 of surface sediments were artifically disturbed to simulate a storm and core samples were collected 2, 4, and 30 days later. At each time, samples were randomly collected near and away from crab burrows. A general pattern of high abundances away from burrows was apparent for most common taxa, number of taxa, number of individuals, and dominant polychaete feeding guilds. The differences in abundance near and …
Implications Of Conservation Equations For The Determination Of Absolute Velocities, C. L. Frenzen, Alex C. Warn-Varnas
Implications Of Conservation Equations For The Determination Of Absolute Velocities, C. L. Frenzen, Alex C. Warn-Varnas
Journal of Marine Research
The consequences of assuming that density is conserved in the problem of determining absolute velocities are investigated. Two questions are considered: (i) the constraints that the density must satisfy to be compatible with the assumed geostrophic and hydrostatic dynamics and (ii) whether and to what extent the indeterminacy in this dynamics is removed by this additional assumption.
Spatial Variations In The Sulfur Chemistry Of Salt Marsh Sediments At North Inlet, South Carolina, L. R. Gardner, T. G. Wolaver, M. Mitchell
Spatial Variations In The Sulfur Chemistry Of Salt Marsh Sediments At North Inlet, South Carolina, L. R. Gardner, T. G. Wolaver, M. Mitchell
Journal of Marine Research
Profiles of particulate and dissolved sulfur species have been measured in marsh sediments along three transects across the various growth zones (tall, medium and short) of Spartina alterniflora. In general, organic carbon, total sulfur, pyritic sulfur, pyritization index and dissolved sulfide increased with distance from tidal creek banks, whereas acid volatile sulfur (FeS), pH and Eh decreased with distance. These patterns probably are controlled by spatial variations in belowground production, pore water movement and fiddler crab burrowing. The creekside marsh (tall Spartina) is characterized by lower rates of belowground production (and thus lower rates of sulfate reduction and …
Effects Of Bivalve Siphonal Currents On The Settlement Of Inert Particles And Larvae, Stephen C. Ertman, Peter A. Jumars
Effects Of Bivalve Siphonal Currents On The Settlement Of Inert Particles And Larvae, Stephen C. Ertman, Peter A. Jumars
Journal of Marine Research
Dye studies in a flume revealed that the strong exhalent siphonal current of an individual cockle, Clinocardium nuttallii, behaved much like a cylinder held in the flow, shedding vortices downstream. The inhalent flow was much slower and more diffuse, its effects being limited to the lowermost few centimeters above the bottom. Flume experiments with inert particles having settling velocities similar to those of polychaete larvae revealed that the vortex shedding from the excurrent jet led to variability in deposition of the particles a few centimeters downstream of the jet, and that neither the jet nor the incurrent flow substantially …
Field Measurements Of The Fluid And Sediment-Dynamic Environment Of A Benthic Deposit Feeder, Douglas C. Miller, Richard W. Sternberg
Field Measurements Of The Fluid And Sediment-Dynamic Environment Of A Benthic Deposit Feeder, Douglas C. Miller, Richard W. Sternberg
Journal of Marine Research
Field measurements of flow and sediment transport at an intertidal site in False Bay, San Juan Island, Washington, U.S.A., revealed an environment dominated by wind wave-generated oscillatory flows and discrete sediment suspension events. Time series data showed that within a few tenths of a second, near-bottom suspended sediment concentrations can rise to 10 g l–1. These rapid erosion events are correlated with peak wave velocities and are followed by a more gradual (tens of seconds) decline in sediment concentration due to settling and advection. Large suspension events mixed detect able quantities of sediment to a height of 20 …
Nitrogen Uptake And Nh4+ Regeneration By Pelagic Microplankton And Marine Snow From The North Atlantic, Patricia M. Glibert, Mark R. Dennett, David A. Caron
Nitrogen Uptake And Nh4+ Regeneration By Pelagic Microplankton And Marine Snow From The North Atlantic, Patricia M. Glibert, Mark R. Dennett, David A. Caron
Journal of Marine Research
Comparative rates of nitrogen uptake and NH4+ regeneration by plankton of <153 and <5 μm in size were determined in the Sargasso Sea and Gulf Stream, and by plankton associated with marine snow in the Gulf Stream during May 1982. Rates of total nitrogen uptake of Sargasso Sea phytoplankton exceeded those of the Gulf Stream phytoplankton by factors ranging from 1.8 to 5.6. Rates of microplankton NH4+ regeneration equaled or exceeded rates of NH4+ uptake in the Sargasso Sea, but in the Gulf Stream were negligible in all but one case. Significant rates of NH4 …
Plankton Dynamics On The Outer Southeastern U.S. Continental Shelf. Part Ii: A Time-Dependent Biological Model, Eileen E. Hofmann, Julie W. Ambler
Plankton Dynamics On The Outer Southeastern U.S. Continental Shelf. Part Ii: A Time-Dependent Biological Model, Eileen E. Hofmann, Julie W. Ambler
Journal of Marine Research
A system of ten coupled ordinary differential equations was developed to investigate the time-dependent behavior of phytoplankton and copepod populations associated with frontal eddy and bottom intrusion upwelling features on the outer southeastern U.S. continental shelf. Model equations describe the interactions of nitrate, ammonium, two phytoplankton size fractions (>10 μm and <10 μm), five copepod categories that represent the developmental stages of a population, and a detrital pool. Formulations for the biological processes are based primarily upon data obtained from laboratory and field experiments for southeastern U.S. continental shelf plankton populations. Time series of nutrient and plankton distributions …
Plankton Dynamics On The Outer Southeastern U.S. Continental Shelf. Part Iii: A Coupled Physical-Biological Model, Eileen E. Hofmann
Plankton Dynamics On The Outer Southeastern U.S. Continental Shelf. Part Iii: A Coupled Physical-Biological Model, Eileen E. Hofmann
Journal of Marine Research
Gulf Stream frontal eddies and bottom intrusions provide an almost continuous input of nutrients to the waters of the outer southeastern U.S. continental shelf. However, the two types of upwelling differ in physical dynamics, frequency of occurrence and duration. To investigate the effect of these differences on biological production associated with the two upwellings, a ten-component biological model was coupled to circulation and temperature fields constructed from an optimal interpolation of current meter data obtained from moorings deployed on the mid- to outer southeastern U.S. continental shelf as part of GABEX I (February to June, 1980) and GABEX II (June …
A Numerical Investigation Of The Somali Current During The Southwest Monsoon, Julian P. Mccreary Jr., Pijush K. Kundu
A Numerical Investigation Of The Somali Current During The Southwest Monsoon, Julian P. Mccreary Jr., Pijush K. Kundu
Journal of Marine Research
The dynamics of the Somali Current system during the Southwest Monsoon are investigated using a 2½-layer numerical model that includes entrainment of cool water into the upper layer. Entrainment cools the upper layer, provides interfacial drag, and prevents the interface from surfacing in regions of strong coastal upwelling. Solutions are forced by a variety of wind stress fields in ocean basins with western boundaries oriented either meridionally or at a 45° angle. Solutions forced by southern hemisphere easterlies develop a strong coastal current south of the equator. When the western boundary is slanted, this current bends offshore at the equator …
Response Of Capelin To Wind-Induced Thermal Events In The Southern Labrador Current, David C. Schneider, David A. Methven
Response Of Capelin To Wind-Induced Thermal Events In The Southern Labrador Current, David C. Schneider, David A. Methven
Journal of Marine Research
The response of schooling fish (Capelin Mallotus villosus Müller) to coastal upwelling events in the southern Labrador Current was investigated during the summer of 1984 and 1987. Theoretical calculations showed that summer wind events, which prevail from the southwest, were capable of inducing upwelling along the western boundary of the Avalon Channel. Significant drops in the temperature of subsurface water near the coast occurred in response to longshore wind stress. Coherence of longshore winds and thermal fluctuations was significantly greater than zero at periods between 3.8 to 6.1 days at two exposed locations along the coast. Regression of temperature on …
A Shelf/Slope Frontal Filament Off The Northeast Spanish Coast, Dong-Ping Wang, Mário E. C. Vieira, Jordi Salat, Joaquim Tintoré, Paul E. La Violette
A Shelf/Slope Frontal Filament Off The Northeast Spanish Coast, Dong-Ping Wang, Mário E. C. Vieira, Jordi Salat, Joaquim Tintoré, Paul E. La Violette
Journal of Marine Research
A frontal filament on the shelf break in the Balearic Sea was examined using hydrographic, drifter and satellite sensor measurements. The filament was a tongue of low-salinity shelf water marked by a sharp frontal boundary. During the four-day study period, the filament moved across the shelf break with a speed of about 20 cm/s. While drifters generally followed this movement, there were large relative motions between drifters and the filament. Particle velocities in the filament generally were larger than the advancing speed of the filament. This resulted in a strong flow convergence near the head of the filament. The hydrographic …
Seasonal Variability Of Meridional Temperature Fluxes In The Eastern North Atlantic Ocean, Lothar Stramma, Hans-Jörg Isemer
Seasonal Variability Of Meridional Temperature Fluxes In The Eastern North Atlantic Ocean, Lothar Stramma, Hans-Jörg Isemer
Journal of Marine Research
Seasonal meridional ocean temperature fluxes were computed in a regional study of the eastern North Atlantic Ocean east of 30°30′W between 12°30′N and 39°30′N for the upper 1500 m of the ocean. Historical oceanographic and meteorological measurements are the data base for the direct method of computing temperature fluxes. Seasonal changes in temperature fluxes caused by the seasonality of Ekman transport and geostrophic transport are strongly dependent on latitude. Between 19N and 25N the meridional temperature flux shows low seasonality. In this area the permanent subtropical gyre and the stable trade-winds result in low seasonal changes. North of 25N the …
Convectively Driven Coastal Currents In A Rotating Basin, Scott A. Condie, Gregory N. Ivey
Convectively Driven Coastal Currents In A Rotating Basin, Scott A. Condie, Gregory N. Ivey
Journal of Marine Research
Density driven coastal currents were produced in the laboratory by differentially heating and cooling the end walls of a rotating rectangular cavity. After turning on the heat flux, intrusions propagated along the side walls of the cavity under an inertial buoyancy balance, with a geostrophic cross-stream balance. These boundary currents were internally stratified in temperature, while the environment during the early stages of development of the flow was isothermal. Rotational instabilities developed on the edge of the currents and broke to form cyclone-anticyclone eddy pairs. Measurements were made of the intrusion velocity, the temporal development of the width of the …
Tide Gauge Response To Tsunamis: Measurements At 40 Tide Gauge Stations In Japan, Kenji Satake, Masami Okada, Kuniaki Abe
Tide Gauge Response To Tsunamis: Measurements At 40 Tide Gauge Stations In Japan, Kenji Satake, Masami Okada, Kuniaki Abe
Journal of Marine Research
The responses of tide gauges to tsunamis are examined by in situ measurements at 40 stations in northeastern Japan. Recovery of water level in the tide well is measured after the water is drained or added to create a water level difference between the inside and outside of the wells. The recovery times for a 1 m water level difference, estimated from the observations, vary from station to station and range from 65 to 1300 sec. Tsunami waveforms on tide gauge records from the 1983 Japan Sea earthquake are corrected for the observed response. For those stations with the observed …
Oscillations Of Macrobenthos In Shallow Waters Of The Peruvian Central Coast Induced By Ei Niño 1982-83, Juan Tarazona, Horst Salzwedel, Wolf Arntz
Oscillations Of Macrobenthos In Shallow Waters Of The Peruvian Central Coast Induced By Ei Niño 1982-83, Juan Tarazona, Horst Salzwedel, Wolf Arntz
Journal of Marine Research
Macrozoobenthos was sampled at 15 m (January 1982–October 1984) and 34 m depth (September 1981–September 1984) in the Bay of Ancón, north of Lima. Fluctuations in density, biomass, species composition and diversity of the fauna as well as oscillations in the density of several dominant species were studied in relation to temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen. El Niño (EN) 1982–83 induced marked positive effects at both depths. Some of these changes prevailed in 1984 due to the increase of oxygen close to the seafloor and the persistence of higher O2 values during and after the phenomenon. The number of …
Temperature Structure And Mixed Layer In The Kuroshio Region Over The Izu Ridge, Kimio Hanawa, Izumi Hoshino
Temperature Structure And Mixed Layer In The Kuroshio Region Over The Izu Ridge, Kimio Hanawa, Izumi Hoshino
Journal of Marine Research
Temperature data taken over the Izu Ridge during 1964–1986 were analyzed to present the mean temperature structure and the mixed layer in the Kuroshio Region. Since the Kuroshio radically changes its position over the Izu Ridge, in order to construct the rational mean fields, we made composite analyses of the data using a coordinate with its origin at the Kuroshio axis. In the southern part of the Kuroshio axis, the 15 and 12°C isotherms lie at depths of about 400 and 550 m, respectively, in all months analyzed. These depths are shallower by 250 m than those of the Gulf …
Plankton Dynamics On The Outer Southeastern U.S. Continental Shelf. Part I: Lagrangian Particle Tracing Experiments, Joji Ishizaka, Eileen E. Hofmann
Plankton Dynamics On The Outer Southeastern U.S. Continental Shelf. Part I: Lagrangian Particle Tracing Experiments, Joji Ishizaka, Eileen E. Hofmann
Journal of Marine Research
The residence time and flow patterns of plankton populations on the outer southeastern U.S. continental shelf were studied with Lagrangian particle tracing experiments. Flow and temperature fields used for these experiments were constructed by applying optimal interpolation methods to current meter data obtained during the Georgia Bight Experiment I and II which took place 25 February to 18 June 1980 and 10 June to 24 September 1981, respectively. The interpolated fields reproduced the flow and temperature structures associated with Gulf Stream frontal eddies and bottom intrusions, which are the upwelling mechanisms of interest in this region. The general particle tracing …
The Effect Of Boundary Conditions On Tracer Estimates Of Thermocline Ventilation Rates, Scott C. Doney, William J. Jenkins
The Effect Of Boundary Conditions On Tracer Estimates Of Thermocline Ventilation Rates, Scott C. Doney, William J. Jenkins
Journal of Marine Research
Using a simple box mixing model, we show that ventilation rate estimates obtained from tracer box models may be significantly smaller than fluid replacement rates. The degree to which a tracer ventilation estimate approaches the actual (fluid) ventilation rate depends on the surface boundary condition for that tracer. Ventilation rates for rapidly exchanging tracers (e.g. 3He) are close to the fluid ventilation rate while tracers with limited surface exchange (e.g. tritium) ventilate more slowly. For box mixing models, the ratio of ventilation rates for limited surface exchange tracers to rapidly exchanging tracers approaches the ratio of summer to winter …
The Late Summer Vertical Nutrient Mixing In Long Island Sound, Dake Chen, Sarah G. Horrigan, Dong-Ping Wang
The Late Summer Vertical Nutrient Mixing In Long Island Sound, Dake Chen, Sarah G. Horrigan, Dong-Ping Wang
Journal of Marine Research
The occurrence of vertical nutrient mixing in central Long Island Sound was simulated for the period from July 23 to August 29, 1986 using a one-dimensional mixed-layer model based on Mellor and Yamada (1974)'s level 2 turbulence closure scheme. During most of the study period, the water column was stratified and the nutrient fluxes through the thermocline were driven by the combined effect of the wind and the tidal mixing. The nutrient entrainment at the bottom of the thermocline was tidally induced, while that at the top of the thermocline had a pulsating character resulting from the interaction of the …
Copepods In Fram Strait In Summer: Distribution, Feeding And Metabolism, Sharon L. Smith
Copepods In Fram Strait In Summer: Distribution, Feeding And Metabolism, Sharon L. Smith
Journal of Marine Research
A summer study of zooplankton in the Fram Strait area of the Greenland Sea showed elevated abundances of herbivorous copepods in the marginal ice zone or ice-edge compared with copepod communities under the pack ice cover. Several physical factors contributed to this, including the large-scale current systems which deliver both North Atlantic and Arctic plankton to the ice-edge and the effect of melting ice and eddies in increasing primary productivity and standing stocks of phytoplankton. The potential importance of the ice-edge in secondary production was observed directly as increased numbers of juvenile copepods. Indirectly, it can be inferred from observations …