Digital Commons Network^™

National Register Of Historic Places Eligibility Testing Of Site 41le326 Lee County, Texas, Andrea Stahman, Candace Wallace, Linda Ellis, Chris Heiligenstein

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Between March 5 and 12, 2007, PBS&J conducted National Register of Historic Places eligibility testing at site 41LE326, under contract to the Texas Department of Transportation Environmental Affairs Division (TxDOT ENV) (CSJ No. 0211-03-032). This investigation was conducted in advance of proposed improvements to U.S. Highway 77 in central Lee County, Texas, under regulations of the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 USC §470 et seq.) and the Antiquities Code of Texas (Title 9, chapter 191, Texas Natural Resource Code). Site 41LE326 is a prehistoric campsite that was initially recorded by PBS&J in October 2006 during a cultural resources …

An Intensive Pedestrian Archaeological Survey Of A 117-Acre Park In Kendall County, Texas, Cynthia Moore Munoz

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

During February 2010, The Center for Archaeological Research (CAR) of The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA) conducted an intensive pedestrian archaeological survey of the Kendall County Park project located near Boerne, Texas to fulfill contract requirements with the Commissioner’s Court of Kendall County. The survey was conducted under the requirements of Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) of 1966 and the Texas Antiquities Code. The survey was performed under Texas Antiquities Permit No. 5540, with Dr. Raymond Mauldin, CAR Assistant Director, serving as Principal Investigator and Cynthia Moore Munoz serving as the Project Archaeologist. The …

National Register Testing Of Site 41bt427, Burnet County, Texas, Clayton M. Tinsley, Tiffany Osburn

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Between October 1 and October 19, 2007, archeologists from Geo-Marine, Inc., conducted National Register of Historic Places eligibility testing at site 41BT427 in Burnet County, Texas, under contract to the Texas Department of Transportation, Environmental Affairs Division. This prehistoric site was originally recorded by PBS&J during a cultural resources survey for a proposed bridge replacement project at the North Rocky Creek crossing of FM 963 (CSJ 1198-02-017). During that investigation, the site was initially identified by a series of three trenches located on the northeastern quadrant of the right-of-way. Three small, burned rock features were originally recorded in two of …

Archaeological Testing At San Marcos Springs (41hy160) For The Texas Rivers Center, Hays County, Texas, David L. Nickels, C. Britt Bousman

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

This report describes the results of investigations undertaken to assess the archaeological resources at the Spring Lake Site, 41HY160, on the campus of Texas State University-San Marcos in Hays County, Texas. The Spring Lake Site, 41HY160, was recorded in the 1980s at the Aquarena Center, then a privately owned water park. In 1994 Texas State University-San Marcos purchased the Aquarena Center with the intention of converting it into an educational and research facility focused on rivers and springs in Texas. Eventually the University founded the River Systems Institute and it is now housed at the Texas River Center in the …

Archaeological Investigations At The Ice House Site, 41hy161: Early Archaic Technology, Subsistence, And Settlement Along The Balcones Escarpment, Hays County, Texas, Erik Oksanen

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

On behalf of the Texas State University-San Marcos, the Center for Archaeological Studies (CAS) conducted data recovery excavations at the Icehouse site, a State Archeological Landmark (SAL), 41HY161, from May to September 2004. The excavations were a partial mitigation for the installation of flood control structures on Sessom Creek on property owned by the Texas State University-San Marcos. Investigative trenching discovered potentially significant cultural deposits within the proposed project area and the mitigation excavations were targeted to within the area of direct impact. As a state agency as defined by Section 61.003, Texas Education Code, Texas State University-San Marcos is …

Additional Archaeological Investigations Of The Propised Fulton Mansion Visitor's Center, Fulton Mansion State Historic (41as79), Rockport, Aransas County, Texas, Carole Leezer, Julian A. Sitters, Cinda Timperley

Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

The Center for Archaeological Studies at Texas State University-San Marcos conducted additional archaeological investigations for the proposed Fulton Mansion State Historic Site (41AS79) Visitor’s Center, Aransas County, Texas, between October 19 and November 13, 2009 on behalf of the Texas Historical Commission Historic Sites Division. Investigations of the Area of Potential Effect are a continuation of testing investigations begun by Ringstaff in 2007 (Ringstaff 2008). Work was carried out by Carole Leezer as Project Archaeologist, Julian A. Sitters and Sarah Scogin as Archaeological Technicians, and Jon C. Lohse as Principal Investigator under Texas Antiquities Permit No. 5420. Investigations included backhoe …

Recovering The Temple Mount The Politics Of Place, Memory And Identity, Britney Summit-Gil

Theses & ETDs

The Temple Mount/Haram es-Sharif has been a center of religious worship and political turmoil for millennia. It is the site of an important Islamic shrine and mosque, and the Western Wall�the holiest site in Judaism. Jewish tradition marks it as the site of Solomon�s Temple, Herod�s Temple, and the Third Temple of the Messianic Age. The following explores the Temple Mount through Jewish literature and Israeli archaeology to understand why, in recent years, the site has drawn national and global attention. The survey is framed in the context of social memory and identity to understand the role the Temple Mount …

Native Americans In The San Francisco Bay Area: Patterns In Ancient Teeth, Palimpsests Of Behavior, Dave Grant

Master's Theses

NATIVE AMERICANS IN THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA:

PATTERNS IN ANCIENT TEETH; PALIMPSESTS OF BEHAVIOR

by Dave Grant

In analyzing burial populations from seven sites in the Santa Clara Valley, patterns on teeth were found that did not conform to the flat normative wear explanation. This study attempts to expand upon the seminal work of Molnar (1968), Hinton (1981), and Keiser (2001a, 2001b) and to propose a definitional refinement of wear patterns found on teeth from populations in Central California. Flat normative wear was present. In addition, four additional distinct wear patterns were found. Wear patterns include slants and scoops …

Villagers And Archaeologists: An Examination Of Past Behaviors At The Barton Site (21gd02), Emily Hildebrant

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

After a 40 year hiatus, excavations at the Bartron site (21GD02) resumed from May 2008 through June 2008 with new research questions. The primary impetus for this research was an investigation into the nature of the reported wall trench structure (Feature 13), one of the characteristics of the site previously cited as evidence of Mississippian contact or influence in the Red Wing Locality. This structure was hypothesized to be part of Pierre Charles Le Sueur's 1694/95 overwintering post on the southern end of Prairie Island. When excavated three centimeters below the previously excavated depth, the proposed wall trench structure was …

Fairy Forts And The Banshee In Modern Coastal Sligo, Ireland: An Ethnography Of Local Beliefs And Interpretations Of These Traditions, Brian Tillesen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis examines issues of cultural identity and modernity, and the anthropology of spirituality and sacred sites by conducting ethnographic research on fairy beliefs in contemporary Ireland. Irish folk belief has traditionally identified a spirit world intertwined with our own which is inhabited by spirits, often collectively referred to as fairies. Belief in these spirits was once widespread. My research sought to determine the prevalence of these traditional beliefs among modern Irish people within my research area, as well as differences in belief across variables including age, gender, and religious preference. I conducted eight weeks of ethnographic fieldwork during June-August …

"The Coming Man From Canton": Chinese Experience In Montana (1862-1943), Christopher William Merritt

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

The Chinese immigrants who came to Montana during the 19th and 20th centuries forged a new community. The goals of this dissertation were to create a historical and archaeological context for Chinese Experience in Montana, and to frame the interpretation of these results within a social organization framework that highlights the role of Overseas Chinese voluntary organizations such as secret societies. Archaeologists and historians have studied the Chinese in Montana for a little over two decades, though nothing comprehensive has ever been attempted to sew together the various investigations. In addition, there has been no attempt to inventory all the …

Fort Owen: The History And Archaeology Of A Contact Period Site In Western Montana, Donald Merritt

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Fort Owen was part of recent historical western expansion into Montana, influencing both the cultural and environmental landscape of the state and the fort’s own existence. The Fort Owen collection provided the opportunity to research the history and archaeology of Fort Owen as a contact period site and as the first historic-period agricultural center in Montana. Fort Owen provided goods and services to a variety of individuals and was the nexus of settlement for the region for several years during the latter portion of the 19th century. Six goals of this thesis were to: 1) inventory the Fort Owen artifacts …

Changing Perceptions Of Archaeology In Post-Katrina New Orleans: A Geographic Information Perspective, David Patrick Harlan

LSU Master's Theses

Hurricane Katrina had a significant impact on the number and distribution of known archaeological sites in New Orleans, Louisiana. Due to government mandated investigation in heavily damaged areas, many archaeological sites were recorded in geographic locations where there were previously none recorded. This thesis examined the spatial distribution of sites in the context of archaeological predictive modeling to determine the impact of disaster recovery on site location. In addition, decision making processes that led to the discovery of sites were examined to determine how they contributed to spatial bias in the distribution of sites recognized by the Louisiana Division of …

The End Of Farming In The “Northern Periphery” Of The Southwest, James R. Allison

Faculty Publications

Prehispanic farmers belonging to the Virgin and Fremont traditions once occupied most of Utah and adjacent parts of Arizona and Nevada. Through much of the twentieth century, these areas were called the "Northern Periphery'' of the Southwest, but in recent decades, both Fremont and Virgin have often been left out of syntheses of southwestern archaeology-even though they clearly had strong connections to the Southwest and represented, respectively, the northernmost and westernmost extensions of maize-based horticulture in western North America. This exclusion results from a combination of factors, the most important of which are geography and the territorial behavior of some …

Cultural And Contextual Differentiation Of Mesoamerican Iconography In The Southwest/Northwest, Michael T. Searcy

Faculty Publications

Ample research has documented the long-term interaction between Mesoamerica and the U.S. Southwest/Northwest Mexico (SW/NW). Nelson (2006:345) has used the phrase "Mesoamerican interaction markers" as a way to describe evidence of this contact in the SW/NW. He further defines these as "a variety of archaeological patterns that are reminiscent of Mesoamerican counterparts" including "objects, practices, and styles." Some of the interaction markers that have been studied at length are trade goods such as copper bells, macaws, shell, and iron pyrite mirrors (Bayman 2002; Bradley 1993; Ericson and Baugh 1993; Kelley 1966, 1995; Mathien 1993; McGuire 1993b; Nelson 2000; Riley 2005). …

Feminine Identity Confined: The Archaeology Of Japanese Women At Amache, A Wwii Internment Camp, Dana Ogo Shew

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In 1942, approximately 120,000 people of Japanese ancestry were evacuated from the West Coast to ten different internment camps in the interior of the United States. One of these camps was the Granada Relocation Center, otherwise known as Amache, located in southeastern Colorado. Through the analysis of archaeological material, archival documents, and oral histories, this thesis explores the experiences of Japanese American women interned at Amache. Feminine identity was greatly changed and redefined during confinement. These changes in feminine identity are examined in the public and private arenas of daily life within confinement. The construction of new and altered individual …

The Small Animals Of Maasai Settlements: Ethnoarchaeological Investigations Of The Commensalism Model, Lior Weissbrod

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

This research was designed to test Tchernov's model of commensalism and the idea that remains of commensal species that today coexist with humans in settlement environments could be used to detect early sedentism in the archaeological record. The validity of the model has been questioned due to the lack of empirical knowledge on commensalism in a wide range of settlement environments including sedentary and more mobile ones. This study examined the commensalism model by focusing on seasonally occupied settlements of Maasai pastoralists in East Africa. Methods from ecology, ethnography, and archaeology were used to document the impact of Maasai settlements …

An Archaeological Model Of The Construction Of Monks Mound And Implications For The Development Of The Cahokian Society (800 - 1400 A.D.), Timothy Schilling

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

This dissertation presents a model for the development of Cahokian society through the lens of monumental construction. Previous models of Cahokian society have emphasized the accumulation of individual power and domination of the many by a few. Using analogies from the ethnography and ethnohistory of Dhegian Siouan speakers, I argue the Cahokian system likely contained both achieved and ascribed statuses mediated through a worldview that emphasized balance and integration of the whole. In the face of a growing population, this kind of structural organization may have precluded the development of class conflict and, at the same time, permitted the development …

Impact Of Empire Expansion On Household Diet: The Inka In Northern Chile's Atacama Desert, Sheila Dorsey Vinton, Linda Perry, Karl J. Reinhard, Calogero M. Santoro, Isabel Teixeira-Santos

Anthropology Faculty Publications

The impact of expanding civilization on the health of American indigenous societies has long been studied. Most studies have focused on infections and malnutrition that occurred when less complex societies were incorporated into more complex civilizations. The details of dietary change, however, have rarely been explored. Using the analysis of starch residues recovered from coprolites, here we evaluate the dietary adaptations of indigenous farmers in northern Chile's Atacama Desert during the time that the Inka Empire incorporated these communities into their economic system. This system has been described as "complementarity" because it involves interaction and trade in goods produced at …

An Absence Of Presence: The Voices Of Marginalized Communities In The Development And Implementation Of Cultural Resource Management Initiatives In The British West Indies: A Case Study, Kelley Scudder-Temple

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation research is the study of cultural resource management initiatives and

the extent to which archaeological surveys and excavations include or exclude African

Caribbean contemporary and historic communities, throughout these processes. Varying

types of archaeological sites identified by archaeologists, along with community

inclusionary measures are examined to determine as to the degree to which

archaeological surveys and excavations are reflective of historic and contemporary

African Caribbean communities.

Data were collected through archival research, interviews and surveys and analyzed

qualitatively to examine the degree to which stakeholders, particularly those who have

been historically marginalized, have been incorporated into these processes. …

Guide To Ms353 Rex E. Gerald Papers, Laura Hollingsed, Roberta (Bobbi) Sago

Finding Aids

Rex E. Gerald, anthropologist and teacher, received his undergraduate degree from the University of Arizona in 1951. During the Korean War, he served as a physical anthropologist for the Central Identification Unit of the U. S. Army in Japan and Korea. He completed his M.A. at the University of Pennsylvania in 1957. While in graduate school, he worked on excavations at Point of Pines, Arizona, Hermit's Cave, New Mexico, and Janos, Chihuahua, Mexico. In 1958, he came to El Paso and became the Director of the Centennial Museum at the University of Texas at El Paso. He was director of …

Expressions Of African American Culture - 2009, South Carolina Institute Of Archaeology And Anthropology--University Of South Carolina

Archaeology Month Posters

This poster was released in conjunction with South Carolina Archaeology Month, October 2009.

Presidio Light: A Midwinter Solstice Event At The Presidio Chapel Of Santa Barbara, Rubén Mendoza

SSGS Faculty Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Stable Carbon Isotope And Niche Breadth Analysis Of Animal Bone From Pocahontas Mounds (22hi500) And Lyon's Bluff, Robert Linder Mccain

Theses and Dissertations

Maize uses a photosynthetic pathway called C4 which produces a carbon signature in animal tissue that is different from most of the plants available to the inhabitants of the Southeastern United States. Faunal remains (deer, rodent, and turtle) from Pocahontas Mounds (22HI500) and Lyon’s Bluff (22OK520) were tested to determine whether the samples possessed a C4 signature. Maize has been found at both sites, but the extent of maize agriculture was not known. Rodent and turtle from both sites indicate partial to heavy consumption of C4 plants, while one deer sample from Pocahontas indicates moderate consumption of C4 plants. The …

Legacy - August 2009, South Carolina Institute Of Archaeology And Anthropology--University Of South Carolina

SCIAA Magazine - Legacy & PastWatch

Contents:

Mars Bluff Navy Yard.....p. 1
Director’s Note - SCIAA Mission.....p. 2
New Postdoctoral Fellow.....p. 3
Lora Holland Leaves SCIAA.....p. 8
International Outreach: Landscapes Tour.....p. 9
First Season at Palachacolas Town.....p. 10
The 2009 Season at Topper Site.....p. 12
Military Sites Program Finishes Project.....p. 17
Chris Clement Joins SEARCH.....p. 18
ART Donor Ad.....p. 19
SCIAA/ART Donors Update.....p. 20
History Detectives.....p. 22
South Carolina Archaeology Month 2009.....p. 24

The Earliest Chapel: Archaeology And Discovery At Monterey, Rubén Mendoza

SSGS Faculty Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Archaeological Demography, Andrew Chamberlain

Human Biology

Archaeological demography investigates the structure and dynamics of past human populations using evidence from traces of human activities and remnants of material culture in the archaeological record. Research in this field is interdisciplinary, incorporating findings from anthropology, paleogenetics, and human ecology but with a remit that extends beyond the primarily biological focus of paleodemography. Important questions addressed by archaeological demography include the establishment of methods for inferring past population structure, the timing of the emergence of modern human demographic systems, the relative importance of attritional and catastrophic patterns of mortality, and the search for adaptive explanations for demographic transitions, colonization …

Introduction: Demography And Cultural Macroevolution, James Steele, Stephen Shennan

Human Biology

The papers in this special issue of Human Biology, which derive from a conference sponsored by the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC) Center for the Evolution of Cultural Diversity, lay some of the foundations for an empirical macroevolutionary analysis of cultural dynamics. Our premise here is that cultural dynamics—including the stability of traditions and the rate of origination of new variants—are infl uenced by independently occurring demographic processes (population size, structure, and distribution as these vary over time as a result of changes in rates of fertility, mortality, and migration). The contributors focus on three sets of problems relevant …

Human Dispersals: Mathematical Models And The Archaeological Record, James Steele

Human Biology

The theoretical literature on human population dispersal processes at the large time and space scale is reviewed, including references to and discussions of relevant empirical data. The basic Fisher-KPP reaction-diffusion system is summarized for the single population situation, and developments relating to the Allee effect, density-dependent dispersal, time delay, advection, spatial and temporal heterogeneity, and anomalous and stratifi ed diffusion are reviewed. Two- and three-population competitive reaction-diffusion systems of Lotka-Volterra type are also reviewed, as are dynamic approaches to carrying capacity that incorporate predator-prey instabilities, ecosystem engineering, and gene-culture coevolution.

Evolutionary Demography And The Population History Of The European Early Neolithic, Stephen Shennan

Human Biology

In this paper I propose that evolutionary demography and associated theory from human behavioral ecology provide a strong basis for explaining the available evidence for the patterns observed in the fi rst agricultural settlement of Europe in the 7th–5th millennium cal. BC, linking together a variety of what have previously been disconnected observations and casting doubt on some long-standing existing models. An outline of relevant aspects of life history theory, which provides the foundation for understanding demography, is followed by a review of large-scale demographic patterns in the early Neolithic, which point to rapid population increase and a process of …