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Anxiety Symptoms In Individuals With High Functioning Autism, Jane C. Kelleher May 2013

Anxiety Symptoms In Individuals With High Functioning Autism, Jane C. Kelleher

Honors Scholar Theses

Research indicates a complicated relationship between anxiety disorders and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). The current study examined the relationship between anxiety symptoms and ASD in 30 Optimal Outcome (OO) individuals, 33 High Functioning Autism (HFA) individuals, and 34 Typically Developing (TD) individuals. The groups were compared on the K-SADS measure of anxiety symptoms. The HFA group presented greater anxiety than both the OO and TD groups, and the OO and TD groups only differed on one anxiety symptom. Across all three groups, there was a significant association between greater anxiety symptoms and a higher level of social and communicative impairment. …

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Teachers’ Knowledge Of Anxiety And Identification Of Excessive Anxiety In Children, Clea Headley, Marilyn A. Campbell May 2013

Teachers’ Knowledge Of Anxiety And Identification Of Excessive Anxiety In Children, Clea Headley, Marilyn A. Campbell

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

This study examined primary school teachers’ knowledge of anxiety and excessive anxiety symptoms in children. Three hundred and fifteen primary school teachers completed a questionnaire exploring their definitions of anxiety and the indications they associated with excessive anxiety in primary school children. Results showed that teachers had an understanding of what anxiety was in general but did not consistently distinguish normal anxiety from excessive anxiety, often defining all anxiety as a negative experience. Teachers were able to identify symptoms of excessive anxiety in children by recognizing anxiety-specific and general problem indications. The results provided preliminary evidence that teachers’ knowledge of …

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Pornography Addiction And Mental Health Disorders, Tabitha Cassidy Apr 2013

Pornography Addiction And Mental Health Disorders, Tabitha Cassidy

Senior Honors Theses

This study aims to understand the differences between mental health disorders in a sample of pornography users, addicts, and non-users. Participants in the study included males and females who visited a paraprofessional counseling center on a college campus (n=1048). Between non-users and users of pornography, one-way analysis of variance planned comparison results indicated that participants significantly differed in scores of Depression, Anxiety, and Global Severity Index as measured by the Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (BSI 18). Non-Suicidal Self-Injurious behaviors as measured by the Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory; and Grandiosity/Narcissism as measured by the Spiritual Assessment Inventory. Independent sample t-test scores indicated …

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Combatting Dental Anxiety In Patients, Gretchen Osdoba Apr 2013

Combatting Dental Anxiety In Patients, Gretchen Osdoba

Natural Science Student Work

Dental Anxiety is a highly debilitating condition that can keep people away from the dentist and from receiving critical care. This can lead to serious medical conditions that could have easily been prevented through proper dental care. The purpose of this paper is to describe the nature of dental fear and the different treatment options available. I will focus on helpful traits of dentists and the use of psychological treatments, nitrous oxide, anti-anxiety medications, and general anesthesia to reduce this fear. I will also discuss a comparison of a psychological treatment and an anti-anxiety medication as short-term and long-term treatment …

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Analysis Of Gender Differences In Self-Statements And Mood Disorders, Robert Devore Apr 2013

Analysis Of Gender Differences In Self-Statements And Mood Disorders, Robert Devore

McNair Scholars Research Journal

Over 25% of adult Americans suffer from a mental disorder each year, with depression and anxiety being some of the most commonly reported issues. Researchers estimate that between 10% and 50% of adult Americans will suffer from a depressive episode at some point in their life, and cognitive theorists argue that mental states, including disorders, are generated and maintained by personal, subjective beliefs, and that events can only be appropriately labeled by the individual experiencing them. Thus, cognitive theorists suggest a strong link between self-talk (ST) and behavior and note that the automatic use of ST is associated with disordered …

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Nursing Simulation Experience: Self-Efficacy, State Anxiety, Locus Of Control, And Simulation Effectiveness, Ashley M. Gosselin Apr 2013

Nursing Simulation Experience: Self-Efficacy, State Anxiety, Locus Of Control, And Simulation Effectiveness, Ashley M. Gosselin

Honors Theses and Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Stress, Anxiety, And Somatic Symptoms: A Comparison Of Biomarkers In A Clinical Sample, David J. Finitsis Mar 2013

Stress, Anxiety, And Somatic Symptoms: A Comparison Of Biomarkers In A Clinical Sample, David J. Finitsis

Master's Theses

Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent class of mental disorders, often characterized by a chronic course and comorbid psychopathology. The anxiety-stress literature utilizing cortisol as a biomarker of the hypothalamus pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis has been inconsistent. The establishment of salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) as a biomarker of sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation allows researchers an opportunity to examine the stress response more fully. This study sought to explore relationships between trait anxiety and salivary stress biomarkers in an outpatient sample attending a specialized anxiety treatment center. Multiple regression and moderator analyses were conducted to examine associations between psychosocial and physiological …

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Analysis Of Propaganda Structure: Developing The Interpersonal Paradigm Of War Propaganda, Virginia Camille Zimmerman Mar 2013

Analysis Of Propaganda Structure: Developing The Interpersonal Paradigm Of War Propaganda, Virginia Camille Zimmerman

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

This communication research analysis examines the ways in which the interpersonal theory, Uncertainty Reduction Theory (URT), combines with the 19 Principles of Propaganda to lend insights in to current war propaganda and the ways in which we can use URT to make sense of war propaganda messages. Propaganda has evolved due to technological advancements made in media such as television and internet. We may better understand the process and function of propaganda if we examine it from an interpersonal communication standpoint. Here in a textual analysis of past propaganda and propaganda of today illustrates the evolution that has occurred. Through …

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Assessing Social Anxiety Disorder : Psychometric Properties Of The Italian Social Phobia Inventory (I-Spin), Alessio Gori, Marco Giannini, Sara Socci, Mary Luca, Daniel Evan Dewey, David Schuldberg, Giuseppe Craparo Mar 2013

Assessing Social Anxiety Disorder : Psychometric Properties Of The Italian Social Phobia Inventory (I-Spin), Alessio Gori, Marco Giannini, Sara Socci, Mary Luca, Daniel Evan Dewey, David Schuldberg, Giuseppe Craparo

Psychology Faculty Publications

Social Phobia, one of the most common psychological disorders, can cause serious discomfort and impairment in a person’s life. The importance of assessing the specific features of this disorder is well-known. This paper assesses the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Social Phobia Inventory (I-SPIN).

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The Relationships Of Future Anxiety With Some Variables Among The Vocational Training Students, Zegaoua Ahmed Mar 2013

The Relationships Of Future Anxiety With Some Variables Among The Vocational Training Students, Zegaoua Ahmed

Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies

The Purpose of this study was to investigate the level of future anxiety among students of' vocational training. The relationship of future anxiety gender and vocational specialization was tested. The researcher developed a questionnaire of future anxiety which was distributed to 112 students who were in four vocational specializations. The results revealed that there was an average level of future anxiety among the vocational training students, in the total score as well as in the vocational, academic, social, and psychological dimensions. However, there was low level of future anxiety in the economic dimension. There were also statistically significant differences between …

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Associations Of Pass-Fail Outcomes With Psychological Health Of First-Year Medical Students In A Malaysian Medical School, Muhamad Sb Yusoff Feb 2013

Associations Of Pass-Fail Outcomes With Psychological Health Of First-Year Medical Students In A Malaysian Medical School, Muhamad Sb Yusoff

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Objectives: The demanding and intense environment of medical training can create excessive pressures on medical students that eventually lead to unfavorable consequences, either at a personal or professional level. These consequences can include poor academic performance and impaired cognitive ability. This study was designed to explore associations between pass-fail outcome and psychological health parameters (i.e. stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a cohort of first-year medical students in a Malaysian medical school. The depression anxiety stress scale 21-item assessment (DASS-21) was administered to them right after the final paper of the first-year final examination. …

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The Development And Testing Of The Codependency-Overeating Model In Undergraduate Social Science Students In A Mississippi College, Denise Bynum Feb 2013

The Development And Testing Of The Codependency-Overeating Model In Undergraduate Social Science Students In A Mississippi College, Denise Bynum

Dissertations

Overeating is a common eating disorder and often leads to obesity and to significant physical, emotional and social problems often warranting nursing care. The psychological and behavioral factors surrounding overeating are noted frequently in the literature, but are not emphasized in most prevention and treatment programs for overeating. Codependency has expanded beyond the chemical dependency field and describes the dysfunctional pattern of behavior of an individual in a relationship with another person or from survival in a dysfunctional family of origin. This pattern of behavior includes the neglect of personal needs, focus and dependency on others, boundary/control issues, low self-worth …

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Women’S Experiences With Postpartum Anxiety: Expectations, Relationships, And Sociocultural Influences, Andrea A. Wardrop, Natalee E. Popadiuk Jan 2013

Women’S Experiences With Postpartum Anxiety: Expectations, Relationships, And Sociocultural Influences, Andrea A. Wardrop, Natalee E. Popadiuk

The Qualitative Report

Evidence about anxiety in the postpartum is sparse and contradictory. Our research expands this knowledge by using a qualitative methodology, the Feminist Biographical Method, to explore first time mothers’ experiences of postpartum anxiety. Data collection included 1.5 to 2.0 hour interviews with six women about their experiences of anxiety in their transition to motherhood. We transcribed the interviews and used an iterative hermeneutic coding process to develop themes and subthemes over the course of four coding cycles. The findings include five major themes: (a) experiences of anxiety, (b) expectations of a new mother, (c) issues of support, (d) societal scripts …

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From Anxiety To Panic Disorder : Effectiveness Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy And Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction As Treatment In Adolescence, Carrie-Anne Swiatek Jan 2013

From Anxiety To Panic Disorder : Effectiveness Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy And Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction As Treatment In Adolescence, Carrie-Anne Swiatek

Theses, Dissertations, and Projects

Research has shown that mental illness often surfaces during adolescence and early adulthood, and can frequently extend throughout adulthood. Without treatment, the consequences of mental illness for individuals and society can be overwhelming. Untreated individuals often fall victim to unnecessary disabilities, unemployment, substance abuse, homelessness, inappropriate incarceration, comorbid health issues and even suicide. Further, there is a continuing need for supportive services for adolescents who are specifically diagnosed with an anxiety disorder, such as panic disorder, and who self-identified as having excessive anxiety and other stress-related symptoms. Research has shown the cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness-based treatment interventions may be effective for …

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The Effect Of Emotional Freedom Technique On Stress And Anxiety In Nursing Students, Susan L. Patterson Jan 2013

The Effect Of Emotional Freedom Technique On Stress And Anxiety In Nursing Students, Susan L. Patterson

Nursing Theses and Capstone Projects

Stress and anxiety have been identified as significant issues experienced by student nurses during their education. In fact, some studies have suggested that the stress experienced by nursing students is greater than that experienced by medical students, other non-nursing healthcare students, degreed nurses, and the female population in general. A recently introduced energy type therapy, Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT), combines the tapping of meridian points with a focus on the feared object or negative emotion to provide desensitization to the fear. In addition, there is repetition of a statement of self-acceptance suggested to contribute to cognitive restructuring. The purpose of …

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Attentional Processes Associated With Victimization History And Posttraumatic Symptomatology In Women Exposed To Intimate Partner Violence, Ryan B. Matlow Jan 2013

Attentional Processes Associated With Victimization History And Posttraumatic Symptomatology In Women Exposed To Intimate Partner Violence, Ryan B. Matlow

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) puts women at risk for severe and chronic physical and mental health consequences, including elevations in IPV-related psychopathology and increased risk for future victimization. Previous research has examined attention as one of the key information processing mechanisms associated with elevated psychopathology and risk for victimization; however, the nature of attentional processing in response to IPV-related information in women exposed to IPV is poorly understood. Therefore, the current study aimed to further understanding of associations between attentional processing, IPV exposure, and related distress using measures of eye movement and subjective interpretations of IPV-related information. A …

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Physiological And Psychological Responses To 911 Emergency Tapes, Jackie Hammelman Jan 2013

Physiological And Psychological Responses To 911 Emergency Tapes, Jackie Hammelman

Theses and Dissertations

The news has become a central part of daily culture in the United States and provides up to date information regarding a vast array of topics from weather to war. A specific aspect of the news, emergency 911 tapes, and their influence on viewers' physiological and psychological health was investigated. Research regarding the relationship between physiological arousal and exposure to brief traumatic stimuli, as well as research addressing the development of pathological psychiatric symptoms are discussed in the literature review. This study examined the relationship between exposure to 911 emergency tapes, physiological arousal, and symptoms of psychopathology while considering the …

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Mental Health Outcomes Of First Generation College Students: Is Generational Status Associated With Increased Risk For Depression And Anxiety?, James L. Pease Jan 2013

Mental Health Outcomes Of First Generation College Students: Is Generational Status Associated With Increased Risk For Depression And Anxiety?, James L. Pease

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there were differences in mental health outcomes between first generation college students and non-first generation college students. The sample (n = 6,449) consisted of undergraduate students, aged 18-22, in bachelor's degree programs, and was drawn from 15 colleges and universities throughout the United States. Acculturative stress was used as a theoretical framework for why first generation college students (pioneers) may screen higher in prevalence and severity of mental health outcomes. The particular mental health outcomes examined in this study were the prevalence and severity of depression and anxiety. The results …

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Gulf War Illness An Evaluation Of Neuroglial Changes And Learning, Memory, And Anxiety In Gwi Mouse Models, Ariel Gonzalez Jan 2013

Gulf War Illness An Evaluation Of Neuroglial Changes And Learning, Memory, And Anxiety In Gwi Mouse Models, Ariel Gonzalez

Theses & ETDs

Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a complex set of symptoms associated with specific exposures during the 1990 Gulf War (GW). These exposures include organphosphate and pyrethroid pesticides, and the prophylactic use of pyridostigmine bromide (PB). All these agents act on the cholinergic system, and it is therefore thought that cholinergic system alterations are a central theme in the GWI pathophysiology. In this thesis, memory, anxiety, and neuroglial activation were examined in three different GWI mouse models using behavioral and immunohistochemical data. Because all these actions utilize the cholinergic system, it was hypothesized that GW agent exposure would impair memory function …

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Anxiety And State Dependence In Procedural Memory, Tarya Bardwell Jan 2013

Anxiety And State Dependence In Procedural Memory, Tarya Bardwell

Theses & ETDs

Procedural memory is memory of a skill that is well-rehearsed and automatic. It is used during many common activities, such as playing sports, playing musical instruments, and typing. However, performance of these skills under pressure is often negatively affected by anxiety. Previous work on memory has determined that when one learns something in a specific state, one recalls that information best when in the same state. This state-dependent memory is effective with a variety of states, particularly with explicit memory, such as a list of words. How state-dependence applies to procedural tasks is less well understood. The goal of this …

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Integrating Mindfulness Meditation Into Undergraduate Nursing Curricula, Michelle Yankowiak Jan 2013

Integrating Mindfulness Meditation Into Undergraduate Nursing Curricula, Michelle Yankowiak

Theses and Graduate Projects

Stress and anxiety impact the lives of undergraduate nursing students. Learning how to cope with the stressful demands of nursing school is essential for student success. Watson's caring and healing philosophy notes that learning to care for self is foundational in learning to care for others. Literature also reports that nursing programs across the country are lacking instruction on alternative therapies as a self-care method. A need to integrate self-care into curricula was identified by personal knowing as a nursing clinical instructor and through a self-care questionnaire to undergraduate obstetric nursing students. The integration of mindfulness meditation, as a means …

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Adult Adhd And The Relationship Between Self-Reported Frequency Of Cognitive Distortions, Anxiety, And Depression, Craig Strohmeier Jan 2013

Adult Adhd And The Relationship Between Self-Reported Frequency Of Cognitive Distortions, Anxiety, And Depression, Craig Strohmeier

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

Cognitive-behavioral therapy for adults with ADHD often includes strategies to address cognitive distortions. Although identifying cognitive distortions as part of a causal chain related to disorders such as anxiety and depression has been well studied, limited research has focused on the relationship between ADHD and cognitive distortions. The goal of this study was to determine the nature of the relationship between ADHD, cognitive distortions, anxiety, and depression within a group of adult outpatients from an ADHD treatment center (N = 30). Results indicated that the severity of ADHD symptomatology, identified through a self-report scale, was significantly related to the self-reported …

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Play And Treatment Outcomes In A Cognitive-Behavioral Program For Children With Anxiety: The Role Of Child Involvement And Collaboration, Enid S. Flagg Jan 2013

Play And Treatment Outcomes In A Cognitive-Behavioral Program For Children With Anxiety: The Role Of Child Involvement And Collaboration, Enid S. Flagg

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

This study examined a mediation model of the relationship between play, process variables (child involvement and collaboration), and treatment outcome in a randomized clinical trial (RCT) of CBT for childhood anxiety disorders. Additionally, it explored the use of play in CBT for children. Participants (N=43; M age = 10.09) took part in a RCT which evaluated the effectiveness of an individual cognitive-behavioral treatment (ICBT) versus a family cognitive-behavioral treatment (FCBT), for childhood anxiety disorders. Archival data (videotaped treatment sessions) at a university based clinic for childhood anxiety disorders was coded for treatment interventions (play and cognitive-behavioral) and process variables (child …

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Are You Sure? Temporal Juxtaposition In Anxiety Threat Management, Alexander Duff Jan 2013

Are You Sure? Temporal Juxtaposition In Anxiety Threat Management, Alexander Duff

Theses & ETDs

Anxiety management theories of self-esteem suggest that human behavior is influenced by the need to reduce anxiety-inducing cognitions. Two such theories, Terror Management Theory and Uncertainty Management Theory, attribute anxiety to the fear of death and the fear of uncertainty, respectively. This thesis critically compared these two theories, hypothesizing that mortality salience ultimately functions as a subset of uncertainty. Conditions were designed to compare death priming and uncertainty priming while addressing a persistent temporal ambiguity confound previously exhibited in anxiety threat management research. Sixty participants were primed with these counterbalanced stimuli before having their worldviews challenged/affirmed. Results failed to disprove …

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An Analysis Of The Impact Of Creative Drawing Expression On Central Executive Fatigue And Autonomic Dysfunction, Heather Dimmitt Jan 2013

An Analysis Of The Impact Of Creative Drawing Expression On Central Executive Fatigue And Autonomic Dysfunction, Heather Dimmitt

Theses & ETDs

Doodling as a form of art therapy has not been explored in much detail but there is reason to believe that it may relieve anxiety by improving central executive function through autonomic neural enhancement. To investigate the relationships between anxiety and central executive function, participants were given the state version of the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S) before and after an attention fatigue task. The task involved watching a video to deplete the resources of the central executive while heart rate variability (HRV) was recorded as a measure of autonomic neural functioning. A Video Only group was given the STAI-S …

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Analysis Of Gender Differences In Self-Statements And Mood Disorders, Robert Devore, Mary E. Pritchard Jan 2013

Analysis Of Gender Differences In Self-Statements And Mood Disorders, Robert Devore, Mary E. Pritchard

Psychological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Over 25% of adult Americans suffer from a mental disorder each year, with depression and anxiety being some of the most commonly reported issues. Researchers estimate that between 10% and 50% of adult Americans will suffer from a depressive episode at some point in their life, and cognitive theorists argue that mental states, including disorders, are generated and maintained by personal, subjective beliefs, and that events can only be appropriately labeled by the individual experiencing them. Thus, cognitive theorists suggest a strong link between self-talk (ST) and behavior and note that the automatic use of ST is associated with disordered …

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Correlates Of Compulsive Buying, Brittaney Benson-Townsend, N. Clayton Silver Jan 2013

Correlates Of Compulsive Buying, Brittaney Benson-Townsend, N. Clayton Silver

McNair Poster Presentations

Compulsive buying is a chronic issue for shoppers exacerbated by a nation obsessed with consumption. To predict compulsive buying behavior, a survey was administered to 283 college students in southern Nevada. The results suggested that the compulsive buyer exhibits am ex­ternal consumer locus of control and purchases goods with the intent to increase social status or quell anxiety. Given that responsible financial behavior changes as a function of age, college students are particularly vulnerable to compulsive purchasing behavior, as it is exacerbated by irresponsible credit spending behaviors.

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Differences Between Core And Animal Reminder Disgust Elicitation On A Core Disgust Avoidance Task--A Replication With Modifications, Matthew Schumann Jan 2013

Differences Between Core And Animal Reminder Disgust Elicitation On A Core Disgust Avoidance Task--A Replication With Modifications, Matthew Schumann

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Compred to other emotions, there has been a lack of research on disgust as it relates to psychopathology. Of the extant research, disgust has been shown to be implicated in various anxiety disorders and consist of three domains: core, animal-reminder, and contamination disgust. There is evidence that these domains are correlated with disgust-relevant anxiety disorders, and this sensitivity to specific disgust domains have different topographical presentations. This study aims to determine if priming participants with different domain-specific videos (core, animal-reminder, neutral) and then completing a disgust-related behavioral avoidance task that is specific to the core domain, will lead to greater …

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Exploring The Impact Of Behaviorally Enacted Vs. Imaginal Delivery Of An Acceptance-Based Metaphor On Acute Panicogenic Distress In Acceptance And Commitment Therapy : A Comparative Evaluation, Kristin N. Herzberg Jan 2013

Exploring The Impact Of Behaviorally Enacted Vs. Imaginal Delivery Of An Acceptance-Based Metaphor On Acute Panicogenic Distress In Acceptance And Commitment Therapy : A Comparative Evaluation, Kristin N. Herzberg

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Metaphors, or indirect and less literal forms of communication in the therapeutic setting, can be powerful and clinically impactful components of psychosocial interventions. Metaphors are widely used in therapeutic practice, and rest at the core of newer third generation behavior therapies such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT; Hayes, Strosahl & Wilson, 2011). Yet, to date, systematic empirical evaluations of the effectiveness of metaphor in the treatment of anxiety disorders and other forms of psychopathology have been largely ignored. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the impact of an ACT-relevant metaphor on acute panicogenic distress (i.e., panic-like symptoms). Specifically, …

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Exploring The Impact Of Meditation On Attentional Allocation To Emotion, Sychopathology, And Acute Stress, In A Community Sample With Mixed Anxiety And Depression, Nicholas Thomas Van Dam Jan 2013

Exploring The Impact Of Meditation On Attentional Allocation To Emotion, Sychopathology, And Acute Stress, In A Community Sample With Mixed Anxiety And Depression, Nicholas Thomas Van Dam

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Attempts to define mindfulness in the clinical and psychological sciences have been marred by contradictions, inconsistencies, and controversies. In this wait-list (WL) controlled mindfulness meditation training (MMT) study, the efficacy and potential mechanisms of MMT was tested in a community sample with undiagnosed, but significant, symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress. In a pre/post design, which also included 3 month follow-up, participants completed self-report measures, participated in a psychosocial stress task (before and after which they completed self-report mood questionnaires and had physiological and salivary neuroendocrine markers collected), and completed an emotional attentional blink paradigm. Compared to WL (n = …

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