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Efficacy Of Mindfulness On Stress And Anxiety In Adolescents: A Systematic Review, Callimarie Bell

Psychology Capstone Projects

Most mental health problems begin early in life, with 50% of all problems beginning by the age of 14. Thus, adolescents are a vulnerable population and factors impacting their mental health should be examined. One factor is stress. Stress has been linked to both mental and physical health problems, depression, and anxiety. Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental health problem among adolescents. A potential treatment is that of mindfulness. Mindfulness originated from Buddhism and is the non-judgmental acceptance of thought, feelings, and experiences. Mindfulness has been found to reduce symptoms of stress and anxiety, alleviate chronic pain, and reduce …

Mental Health Stigma In College Students By Academic Major, Kristen Miller

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Stigma is best defined as the disapproval and shame felt by people who display characteristics not widely accepted in society. Although mental illness has become more prevalent in society through advocacy and awareness campaigns, it fails to be accepted and often individuals may feel shame that prevents them from seeking help (Dyrbye, Eacker, Durning, Brazeau, Moutier, Massie, S., et al, 2015; Givens & Tjia, 2002). Physicians in particular have been shown to have decreased help-seeking behaviors for psychological issues due to fear of professional repercussions (Dyrbye et al., 2015). Physicians also show increased levels of stress, anxiety, depression, and elevated …

The Role Of Early Maladaptive Schemas In The Development Of Depression, Anxiety And Academic Burnout, Caroline Gloria D’Souza

Psychology Theses

While a number of studies have focused on the morbidity of psychiatric populations, little research has sought to understand the role of stress and psychological health of young people. In the United Arab Emirates, the conceptualization of mental health is still developing. Personal factors resulting from unmet childhood needs that, in turn, affect the extent to which individuals experience elevated levels of stress, burnout and mental health concerns in later life may be a worthwhile avenue to explore. The present study aimed to explore the contribution of Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMS), derived from the Schema Therapy Model, in the later …

Assessment Of Peripartum Psychological Disturbances In Relation To Modes Of Delivery, Ali S. Radeef, Muna Kh Al-Kubaisi, Akbar B. John, Nur Khairulnisa Ai

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Anxiety disorders are common during peripartum period. This study aimed to identify which mode of delivery was more prone to develop psychological disturbances. Methods: This prospective cohort study conducted among 541 pregnant women presented for spontaneous labour, induction or elective caesarean section in a Malaysian hospital. The severity of depression, anxiety and stress symptoms are assessed by using self-rated depression anxiety and stress scales in four different occasions; pre-labour/operation, 24 hours postnatal, 2 weeks, and at 6 weeks. Results: In the prenatal period, there was no statistically significant difference in the mean score of depression between …

Increasing Utilization Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy To Reduce Morbid Obesity In A Primary Care Setting, Erin J. Mccue

Doctoral Projects

Background: Obesity among adults is characterized by a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher. The impairment and disability resulting from obesity indicates a significant health problem that is often seen in primary care settings. Research indicates that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an underutilized, but extremely beneficial intervention that may support individuals in achieving weight loss. Adults suffering from obesity with or without comorbid conditions such as psychiatric disorders (e.g. anxiety and depression) have benefitted from CBT.

Purpose: To implement the increased utilization of CBT in the adult population with obesity and depression or anxiety in a primary …

The Big Five Personality Types And Music Performance Anxiety In Collegiate Piano Students, Lindsey Brooke Chattin

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to determine if relationships exist between the Big Five personality types and levels of music performance anxiety (MPA) in collegiate piano majors. Fifty-five (N = 55) collegiate music majors enrolled in private lessons in the fall 2017 semester participated in this quantitative study. Participants completed a survey consisting of three sections: demographic questions, the “International Personality Item Pool Big Five Factor Markers” questionnaire (Pettersson and Turkheimer, 2010), and the “Three-Dimensional Performance Anxiety Inventory” (Cheng, Hardy, and Markland, 2009).

The questionnaire had three primary focuses: (1) to collect demographic data and information of collegiate …

Probiotic Administration As An Adjuvant Therapeutic Treatment For Anxiety, Depression, And Cognitive Impairment Among Hypothyroid Patients, Erin R. Gorman

Selected Honors Theses

Hypothyroidism is a form of thyroid dysfunction that occurs when the thyroid gland does not make and secrete enough thyroid hormones to regulate certain processes in the body. Because thyroid hormones take part in many bodily functions, hypothyroidism can cause a large range of symptoms. Current research indicates that some strains of probiotics have beneficial effects on certain neurological and inflammatory diseases, leading to the impression that they can be used therapeutically for effective treatment of different mental health issues such as anxiety, stress, depression, and impaired memory. Because hypothyroidism often leads to such mental symptoms, it may be possible …

Anxiety And Depression: Can Diet Help?, Megan Jensen, Mateja R. Savoie-Roskos, Ashley Yaugher, Sandy Sulzer

All Current Publications

This fact sheet explains the role of diet with anxiety and depression.

Evaluating Commonalities Between Different Medically Unexplained Symptoms, Dan Guo, Maria Kleinstäuber, Malcolm Henry Johnson, Frederick Sundram

Psychology Faculty Publications

This commentary presents commonalities in medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) across multiple organ systems, including symptoms, aetiological mechanisms, comorbidity with mental health disorders, symptom burden and impact on quality of life. Further, treatment outcomes and barriers in the clinician–patient relationship, and cross-cultural experiences are highlighted. This discussion is necessary in aiding an improved understanding and management of MUS due to the interconnectedness underlying MUS presentations across the spectrum of medical specialties.

Feeling Green: The Benefits Of Green Space On Urbanites' Mental Health, Kathryn A. Hoagland

Liberal Arts and Engineering Studies

This investigation intends to determine the best methods for incorporating public green space into dense urban areas, for the betterment of residents' mental health. Data from studies showing differences in the prevalence of anxiety and depression in urban and rural areas are discussed alongside data from studies looking at the effect that certain types of green space might have on mental health. While there is no exact consensus on the extent to which nature has positive effects on mental health there is enough of a correlation to argue for the implementation of public green spaces in urban design, in order …

Gender, Emotional Displays And Negotiation Outcomes, Horacio Arruda Falcao Filho

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

This paper examined whether positive and negative emotional displays influenced negotiation outcomes (value creation and claiming) differentially for female and male negotiators. Also considered was how negotiation dyad gender composition might affect value creation and claiming. I examined recordings from a negotiation exercise (N = 194). Results revealed that when females expressed negative emotions significantly reduced value claiming on the part of those female negotiators. However, the effects of expressing positive emotions on negotiation outcomes did not vary by negotiator gender. The findings suggest that female negotiators do not need to be positive but only need not be negative to …

First-Year Ophthalmology Residency Call Structure And Its Association With Resident Anxiety And Confidence, Makayla Mccoskey, Brian Shafer, Akosua Nti, Gui-Shuang Ying, Paul Tapino, Wei Pan, Victoria Addis

Journal of Academic Ophthalmology

Purpose The main purpose of this article is to characterize methods for preparing first-year ophthalmology residents for call and to evaluate the association between call structure and anxiety levels.

Methods Data on call structure and preparatory courses were collected by a national online survey of residency program directors and first-year residents in 2016 and 2017. Anxiety was assessed using the Endler Multidimensional Anxiety Scale, and confidence in evaluating and managing critical diagnoses on call was evaluated using a modified Likert-type scale.

Results In 2016, 132 first-year ophthalmology residents (28% of 465 total) responded to the survey, and in 2017, 103 …

Distinguishing Performance On Tests Of Executive Functions Between Those With Depression And Anxiety, Justn Burgess, J Burgess, Charles J. Golden

Faculty Proceedings, Presentations, Speeches and Lectures

Objective: To see if there are differences in executive functions between those diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and those with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD).
Participants and Methods: The data were chosen from a de-identified database at a neuropsychological clinic in South Florida. The sample used was adults diagnosed with MDD (n=75) and GAD (n=71) and who had taken the Halstead Category Test, Trail Making Test, Stroop Test, and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Age (M=32.97, SD=11.75), gender (56.7% female), and race (52.7% White) did not differ between groups. IQ did not differ but education did (MDD=13.41 years, SD=2.45; GAD=15.11 …

Effect Of Orange Aromatherapy On Anxiety Of Students, Faculty, And Staff In An Academic Setting, Kristina D. Everhart, Martha Hains Bramlett, Dana R. Martin

Creating Healthy Work Environments (CHWE)

This study investigates orange essence aromatherapy in reducing anxiety levels of students and non-students. It utilizes a pre and post-test design with random assignment to either an experimental or control group in which the experimental group receives orange essence aromatherapy and the control group receives a comparable treatment using water.

Pace Brain Boosters Program To Promote College Success Through Stress Reduction In Nursing Students, Deborah Kramer, Sandra Hillman

Creating Healthy Work Environments (CHWE)

In 2016, a randomized-control pilot was conducted to assess the effectiveness of using the PACE Brain Gym Program to enhance learning and decrease anxiety through the use of physical activities over six weeks. Participants completed a demographic survey, and anxiety and stress scales. Pre and post results were analyzed.

9/11 Exposure And Parental Monitoring, Heather Zemeck

Theses and Dissertations

This paper investigates the effects of 9/11/01 exposure on parental monitoring, and how depression and anxiety are associated with these effects. This research utilizes data collected from Evacuees, First Responders, and non-exposed Controls. Results revealed moderate 9/11 exposure is associated with increased parental monitoring; while, depression is associated with decreased parental monitoring.

The Impact Of Working Memory Load And Anxiety On Attention Bias Modification Training, David Lloyd Yap

Theses and Dissertations

The effect of attention bias modification training (ABMT) on anxiety-related attention bias (AB) in a large (N=204) non-clinical sample was sensitive to working memory load (WML). ABMT produced expected changes in AB in the low-WML, low-anxiety group only. High WML and high anxiety alone and in interaction disrupted ABMT.

Novel Biobehavioral Methods For Assessing The Anxiety-Related Attention Bias, Samantha Denefrio

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Anxiety disorders will affect an estimated one in three Americans, significantly impacting emotional health and quality of life. High personal and economic costs make research on the etiology, maintenance, and treatment of anxiety a crucial public health goal. Selective and exaggerated attention towards threat, termed attention bias (AB), has been identified as a core behavioral and neurocognitive mechanism in anxiety. A novel treatment, attention bias modification training (ABMT), targets AB and aims to ameliorate anxiety. Rarely acknowledged, however, are the challenges in the conceptualization and measurement of AB. First, associations between anxiety and AB in anxious populations have been increasingly …

Identification And Treatment Of Anxiety In Students Receiving Special Education Services: A Review Of The Literature, Analee Therese Francisco

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Anxiety affects school achievement and is common in nearly every disability category treated by Special Education programs. This review of literature summarizes existing research on the prevalence of anxiety disorders in students in varying disability categories, looks at the evidence of anxiety manifestations and its effects on the classroom and reports on treatments used in the school environment. Some conclusions are made about productive interventions for anxiety disorders based on past research. Although not all studies pertain specifically to special education students it is recognized that some of the information regarding anxiety as it applies to the general population is …

How Nature Impacts The Social, Emotional, And Sensory Needs Of Students On The Autism Spectrum, Andrea Marie Mogren

All Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Meeting the sensory needs of students is often currently confined to classroom modifications. Teachers try to meet sensory, social, and emotional needs through human-developed methods such as fidgets, lighting covers, flexible seating, occupational therapy, and structuring activities. There is a growing body of research suggesting that sensory needs of students on the autism spectrum can be met through natural elements commonly found in outdoor environments. Frequently common barriers to success in the classroom for students with autism include, high anxiety, inability to sustain attention, and lack of motivation to complete tasks. The purpose of this thesis was to analyze way …

Mental Health Disorders In Dpt Students: Identifying Needs, Support Systems, & Challenges, Jennifer M. Bogardus

Department of Physical Therapy Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Background: There is an increase in the incidence and severity of mental health disorders in university students. Doctor of Physical Therapy students are at increased risk due to physiological, environmental, and generational factors. Design: Mixed-Methods, multi-site, descriptive study Participants: Current DPT students (N= 1228 ) completed a survey and DASS-42; 20 students demonstrating moderate severity on the DASS participated in telephone interviews. Methods: Surveys were emailed to 238 DPT program directors with a request to forward to students. Following the survey, a total of 20 interviews were completed. Results: DPT students were found to have higher DASS scores than their …

Endorphins, Endocannabinoids And Runners’ High, Elisheva Winiarz

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Modern science takes at face value the fact that exercise is beneficial for man’s health. In recent years, medical health professionals have begun to harness exercise as a treatment for a broader range of maladies. Since various studies found increased exercise to correlate with higher levels of endorphins, most believed that the endorphins were directly responsible for what the vernacular dubbed “Runner’s High.” Scientists have sought to either augment or wholly disprove the endorphin hypothesis with further studies. Major Depressive Disorder, or MDD, is an affective condition affecting a significant portion of the general population. Aerobic exercise is increasingly being …

What Does Anxiety Look Like? Prevalence Among Ed Patients, Justin B. Anderson

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

The prevalence of mental illness in the US population is common, with an estimated value of 8%. The emergency department patient population is especially vulnerable to mental illness. Previous studies from 2012 and 2017 estimated the rate of undiagnosed mental illness in the Emergency Department (ED) at 41-42%.1,2 According to the studies, only a minority of these were identified by the physician.

DSM-5 defines the criteria for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) as “excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation), occurring more days than not for at least 6 months, about a number of events or activities (such as work or school …

The Relationship Between Generalized Anxiety Disorder And Self-Reported Pain Scores Among Emergency Department Patients, Nicholas Seitz

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Anxiety is common among Emergency Department (ED) patients. Self-reported pain scores have been associated with a variety of physical and psychological factors. However, the relationship between pain and anxiety in ED patients has not been previously reported. This study aims to identify a relationship between self-reported pain scores and the diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder among ED patients.

This prospective patient survey study was conducted at Miami Valley Hospital, an urban ED in Dayton, Ohio. Eligible participants included ED patients age 18 or over, with a self-reported pain score ranging from 1-10 on the verbal numeric rating pain scale (VNRS). …

Social Support Satisfaction As A Protective Factor For Postpartum Maternal Distress, Amy-Lynn Elisabeth Anderson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Social support has been identified as a protective factor for postpartum maternal distress, a prevalent women's health issue, and most research focuses on the amount of support women receive. However, research in this area has failed to explore whether increasing satisfaction with social support may be a worthwhile approach to alleviating postpartum maternal distress, beyond increasing amounts. There is also little known regarding specific aspects of support, like satisfaction with emotional and instrumental support, that might lead to differences in postpartum distress outcomes. In this prospective, longitudinal study, we hypothesized that greater social support satisfaction will be associated with less …

Cannabis Use And Association With Pain, Anxiety, And Depression Among Emergency Department Patients, John Detherage

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Introduction:

Cannabis use is increasing nationwide. Many states have legalized medical and recreational use of cannabis. This study was undertaken to identify any association between cannabis use and chronic pain among ED patients.

Methods:

This was a prospective survey study of Emergency Department (ED) patients at Miami Valley Hospital, a level 1 trauma center in Dayton, Ohio conducted during June – August 2018. The survey included data regarding the frequency of cannabis use, chronic pain, and current mental illness.

Results:

Three hundred and sixty patients participated in this study. The majority of respondents were white (55%) or African American (42%). …

Supporting Marin County Youth Suffering From Anxiety And Depression, Victoria L. Grajeda

Student Research Posters

This toolkit was created to help shed light on the impact a stressful high school environment can have on today’s youth, and provide teachers and parents with up-to-date information on what resources are available within the county of Marin. When working with adolescents, it is important to consider environmental threats to their mental health (i.e., lack of sleep) in order to make proper referrals and treatment plans. A study done by Kelley, Lockley, Kelley, & Evans (2017) implemented a 10:00 a.m. start time at an urban school in England. By delaying school start times, Kelley et. al found that absences …

Relationships Between Broad Aspects Of Personality Functioning And Generalized Anxiety Severity, Ashley A. Lee Lum

Honors Undergraduate Theses

This study looked at the relationship between personality functioning and generalized anxiety severity with the use of the Level of Personality Functioning – Self-Report Scale (LPFS-SR). This scale looks at the four core functions of personality: Identity, Intimacy, Empathy and Self-Direction. The population consisted of undergraduate students from the University of Central Florida who completed the study online (n = 1335; 63.7% female; mean age = 19.85, SD = 3.64, range = 18-57). Findings revealed that generalized anxiety severity related to more identity and empathy problems in both men and women. For both findings, women showed a stronger effect size …

Lowering The Anxiety Level Of The Participants Of The First Baptist Church, Morganton, Nc, Tyler P. Roach

Doctor of Ministry Projects

This project was developed for the purpose of lowering the anxiety level of the participants of the First Baptist Church, Morganton, NC. It will be accomplished by providing a baseline awareness of their anxiety level and introducing tools to bring their baseline down. The tools used were Bible stories, Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, Family Systems Theory, and centering prayer. The tools were presented in the form of a Friday night and Saturday morning retreat. Data was collected in three different ways. The Beck Anxiety Inventory was used during the retreat to track baseline anxiety. An essay questionnaire was given a month …

Association Of Skeletal Muscle And Psychological Responses To Immobility After Major Injury, Jacob T. Higgins

Theses and Dissertations--Nursing

The purpose of this dissertation was to explore the physical and psychological responses to the combination of major trauma (Injury Severity Score [ISS] > 15) and variable periods of immobility. Specific aims were to: 1) develop a conceptual model that illustrates physiological and psychological alterations that occur after injury and subsequent immobility, and their association with skeletal muscle responses and recovery; 2) evaluate daily measures of skeletal muscle strength (bicep and quadricep) using dynamometry and skeletal muscle (rectus femoris and biceps brachii) muscle thickness measured with ultrasound in patients after major trauma; and 3) assess the predictive ability of anxiety and …