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Dental Fear, Anxiety, And Phobia; Causes, Diagnostic Criteria And The Medical And Social Impact, Nadya Avramova

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Despite technological advances in modern medical science and practice, many people still associate dental treatment with unpleasant emotional sensations and pain. According to the current literature, dental fear and anxiety are psychological barriers that negatively affect frequency of patient attendance which results in avoidant behavior and poorer oral health-related quality of life.

This paper was therefore aimed at discussing basic theoretical aspects concerning diagnostic criteria, causes, and impacts of dental fear, anxiety, and phobia. Clarifying their differential diagnostic characteristics, clinical features and specific causes may play an important role in proper diagnosing, positive influencing, and management of this group of …

Diabetes-Related Worries And Coping Among Youth And Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes, Lindsay Taraban, Rachel Wasserman, Viena T Cao, Sahar S Eshtehardi, Barbara J Anderson, Debbe Thompson, David G Marrero, Marisa E Hilliard

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Objective: Although mood and anxiety symptoms are common in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D), little research has described their worries across developmental stages or the strategies they use to cope with these worries. This secondary data analysis aimed to describe and characterize common T1D-related worries and coping strategies from middle childhood through young adulthood.

Methods: Twenty-three youth (9 children, 7 adolescents, and 7 young adults) completed semistructured qualitative interviews about health-related quality of life. We coded interview transcripts using thematic analysis to generate common themes of diabetes-related worries and coping strategies.

Results: Participants' worries fell into four major themes: …

Parent And Child Anxiety Evaluated During An Early Period Of The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Mixed-Methods Study, Karla M. Abela, Darlene Acorda, Stanley Cron, Geri Lobiondo-Wood

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: The objective of this study was to explore parent and child anxiety during the pandemic. Unlike previous pandemics, measures implemented to prevent the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus have been much more limiting.

Methods: An explanatory convergent mixed-methods design was used to describe anxiety of children 9–17 years of age and their parents during August–October 2020. Adult and child versions of State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were used to examine levels as measured on STAI’s state-anxiety subscale. Web-based interviews with a subset of patients were conducted qualitatively to analyze anxiety-related themes.

Results: A total of 188 parents …

Emotional Perspectives On Existential Threat: Evaluating The Rationality Of Climate Anxiety, Rachael Lange

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

This thesis seeks to answer the following question: Is climate anxiety a rational emotion? In order to arrive at an answer, several queries embedded in the main question must be addressed. This paper will outline a theory of emotion in order to define anxiety, assess climate change as a specific emotional object, and compare the rationality of anxiety using two evaluative standards. Climate anxiety is an emerging emotional phenomenon experienced in response to the perceived detrimental effects of a warming climate. Due to the novel identification of this contemporary emotional phenomenon with the established emotion of anxiety, there has thus …

Analysis Of Psychological Symptoms Resulting From The Covid-19 Pandemic, R. M. Abdelrahman, A. F. Alsharif, N. R. Alsalhi

Information Sciences Letters

The present study aimed to investigate the level of severity of some psychological symptoms resulting from the Coronavirus pandemic, among a sample of Ajman University students in the United Arab Emirates, and to verify the differences between students’ demographic variables. The study used the descriptive-analytical approach and a modified DASS-21 scale, by adding the two scales of phobia and mental distraction to the tool. The reliability of the tool was verified for use on the sample in the current study. The most prominent results indicated that the highest psychological symptoms resulting from the Coronavirus pandemic were phobia (1.53 ± 0.98) …

Psychophysiological Effects Of Increasing Awareness Of Nondual Consciousness In Young Adults With Depression And Anxiety, Milena Braticevic

CONSCIOUSNESS: Ideas and Research for the Twenty-First Century

Young adults increasingly suffer from anxiety and depression during the time of transition into adulthood. This research study examined the effects of increasing awareness of nondual consciousness in young adults who were experiencing various levels of anxiety and depression. The methodology was mixed-method and included four 1-hour group-based sessions over 4 weeks. Increasing awareness of nondual consciousness through educational, experiential, and behavioural components resulted in reduction in the average depression score from 19.4 (borderline clinical depression) to 10 (normal), and reduction in the average anxiety score from 12.7 (moderate anxiety) to 6.9 (mild). Participants reported increased mental, emotional, physical, and …

The Relationship Between Chronic Pain And Stress, Anxiety, And Depression In College Students

Journal of Interdisciplinary Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this study was to measure chronic pain levels as they relate to stress, anxiety, and depression in college students. This is a non-experimental, correlational research design, using a survey methodology. Eighty-four participants, over the age of 18, were recruited (men = 33.3%, women = 66.6%) to participate in this study. The participants were asked to complete a questionnaire which was a compilation of the Chronic Pain Grade Questionnaire (CPGQ) (Von Korff et al., 1992), the Perceived Stress Scale (Wickrama et al., 2013), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) (Beck et al., 1988), the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) (Beck …

Identification And Treatment Of Kierkegaardian Despair: An Informal Indirect Apologetic Strategy, Licio Soares

Masters Theses

The central question this paper aimed at addressing was: How to present the gospel to people that are resistant to its presentation? The Danish philosopher and theologian Soren Kierkegaard suggested that the best strategy in this scenario was indirect communication. In Kierkegaard’s pseudonymous writings many theological themes were indirectly presented as philosophical ones. The following Kierkegaardian themes were selected and arranged into a two-phase apologetic strategy that can be used in informal conversational settings: Anxiety, Despair, The Crowd, Single Individual, Revelation, and Faith. Indirect communication takes place in the first phase which is comprised of the first four themes. The …

The Moderating Role Of Positive Religious Coping And Workplace Spirituality In The Relationship Between Level Of Traditional And Covid-19 Related Stressors Encountered And Mental Health In Hospitality Workers, Danielle Grace Defacci

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Higher levels of workplace and COVID-related stressors appear clearly linked to poorer mental health outcomes, and evidence is emerging that suggests positive religious coping (PRC) and workplace spirituality (WS) are both related to better mental health outcomes. It could be that PRC and WS buffer the impact of high stress levels on mental health. However, only one study exists that has explored the moderating effect of PRC in the stress-mental health relationship, and no studies exist exploring the moderating effect of WS in the stress-mental health relationship. Therefore, this study looked at the moderating role of PRC and WS in …

Experiences Of Stigma, Social Support, And Anxiety In People Living With Hiv In South Carolina, Sarah J. Miller

Theses and Dissertations

People living with HIV (PLHIV) experience numerous psychosocial stressors, including HIV-related stigma and heightened prevalence of mental health disorders such as depression, substance use disorders, and anxiety. However, limited research has investigated predictors of anxiety within this population. This study aimed to explore the relationship between HIV-related stigma and anxiety symptoms among PLHIV in South Carolina (SC) and to examine the role of social support as a mediator for this relationship. A total of 402 PLHIV receiving HIV care at large immunology center in SC completed a paper and pencil survey, reporting sociodemographic variables, as well as experiences of HIV-related …

Longitudinal Changes In Wellbeing Amongst Breastfeeding Women In Australia And New Zealand During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Vanessa S. Sakalidis, Alethea Rea, Sharon L. Perrella, Jacki Mceachran, Grace Collis, Jennifer Miraudo, Stuart A. Prosser, Lisa Y. Gibson, Desiree Silva, Donna T. Geddes

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted new mothers’ wellbeing and breastfeeding experience. Women have experienced changes in birth and postnatal care and restricted access to their support network. It is unclear how these impacts may have changed over time with shifting rates of infection and policies restricting movement and access to services in Australia and New Zealand. This study investigated the longitudinal effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on breastfeeding and maternal wellbeing in Australia and New Zealand. Mothers (n = 246) completed an online survey every 4 weeks for 6 months that examined feeding methods, maternal mental wellbeing, worries, challenges, and …

Memory And Attention While Scuba Diving At Shallow And Deep Depths: An Open Water Study, Leanne Boucher, Joshua Feingold, Kelly Concannon, Stephanie Talavera, Jaime Tartar, W. Matthew Collins

Journal for Sports Neuroscience

SCUBA diving requires a high level of cognitive functioning, however, many divers anecdotally report poor memory and attentional skills while underwater. Few studies have documented cognitive deficits resulting from an open-water dive. Here, 23 divers completed both shallow (8 m) and deep (28 m) dives over two days in the open-water. The order of the dives was counterbalanced across participants. While at depth, they completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory to assess anxiety levels, learned and were tested on a list of 36 words, and completed the trail making task (TMT) to assess executive functioning. They also gave saliva samples to …

Like Attracts Like? The Effects Of Anxiety, Implicit Bias, And Perception Of Diversity Culture On Team Attraction, Donna Yao, Melody M. Chao, Elizabeth George, Pritviraj Chattopadhyay

Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia

Past relational demography research has demonstrated the influence of demographic dissimilarity among employees on their work engagement and attrition. Little is known about how demographic dissimilarity affects individuals’ attraction to a team in the first place. The present research focused on the attraction component of the attraction-selection-attrition model to investigate factors that contribute to team attraction and their associated underlying processes. Specifically, we identified anxiety towards potential teammates as an affective response to cultural dissimilarity, which in turn influenced performance expectations and team attraction. We also examined implicit and explicit cognitions that might shape the impact of anxiety. To this …

Factors Associated With Depression, Anxiety, And Stress Symptoms Among Men In A Rural Area In Vietnam During Covid-19, Van T H Hoang, Ha T H Nguyen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected health and well-being worldwide, and its psychological effects are receiving substantial attention in the scientific literature. Research to date shows that the pandemic has increased prevalences of depression, anxiety, and stress. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of mental health symptoms and identify the associated factors among men in a rural area of Vietnam during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS AND FINDINGS: During July 15-31, 2020, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 1,085 men from 18 years old in 11 rural districts in Thanh Hoa province, Vietnam, and assessed their mental health using the …

Technology-Enabled Behavioral Health Integration Decreases Emergency Department Utilization, Adam Pardes, Rachelle Rene, Phansy Chun Chun, Mollie Cherson

Jefferson Hospital Staff Papers and Presentations

Background:

Behavioral health integration allows for patient-centered care, leads to higher levels of provider-patient engagement, and is key to improving patient outcomes. However, behavioral health integration is administratively burdensome and therefore is often not adopted. Technology presents opportunities to increase care team efficiency and improve patient outcomes. The goal of this study was to retrospectively compare clinical outcomes and emergency department utilization in patients using a technology platform compared to patients receiving treatment as usual.

Methods:

The technology platform, NeuroFlow, was deployed to deliver technology-enabled behavioral health integration in 30 clinics, and 598 electronic health records were analyzed.

Results:

In …

Thoughts, Feelings, Actions; The Brevity Of Being: A Haiku Method, Scott Medeiros

Expressive Therapies Capstone Theses

The difficulties of delivering clinical services during the pandemic showed that there was a need for interventions that were able to be adapted to virtual sessions. In addition, lack of training and expertise regarding specialized therapies require modern day clinicians to be able to synergize current theory with the reality of the mental health landscape. In this study, 19 individuals participated in a psychoeducation group that taught a therapeutic thought mapping technique that was then adapted towards the creation of a haiku. It was noticed that participants were able to learn a psychological concept, apply it towards their life, create …

Intersection Of Anxiety And Negative Coping Among Asian American Medical Students, Michelle B. Moore, David Yang, Amanda M. Raines, Rahn Kennedy Bailey, Waania Beg

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Purpose: Asian Americans comprise 21% of matriculating medical students in the United States but little is known about their mental health. With the growing focus on addressing the mental health of medical students, this systematic, nationwide survey assesses the relationship between anxiety and depression symptoms and coping skills among Asian American medical students. Materials and methods: A survey tool comprised of Patient Health Questionnaire-9, General Anxiety Disorder-7, and questions related to coping were emailed to members of the Asian Pacific American Medical Students Association enrolled in a United States medical school during the 2016–2017 academic year. We evaluated associations between …

In Covid-19 Health Messaging, Loss Framing Increases Anxiety With Little-To-No Concomitant Benefits: Experimental Evidence From 84 Countries, Charles A. Dorison, Et. Al., Andree Hartanto

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

The COVID-19 pandemic (and its aftermath) highlights a critical need to communicate health information effectively to the global public. Given that subtle differences in information framing can have meaningful effects on behavior, behavioral science research highlights a pressing question: Is it more effective to frame COVID-19 health messages in terms of potential losses (e.g., “If you do not practice these steps, you can endanger yourself and others”) or potential gains (e.g., “If you practice these steps, you can protect yourself and others”)? Collecting data in 48 languages from 15,929 participants in 84 countries, we experimentally tested the effects of message …

Competitive And Facilitative Interactions Between Pavlovian Cues In Human Associative Learning: A Behavioral And Neural Analysis, Fahd Alhazmi

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Learning to anticipate significant events accurately is a crucial element of survival for all species. The process by which animals acquire this knowledge has been a central question of psychological research. A fundamental assumption of many learning theories is that the predictive value assigned to cues is not simply determined by their probability of reinforcement but rather by their ability to compete with other cues present during learning. The assumption of cue competition has significantly contributed to the development of behavioral and neuroscience research for decades, as it has opened the door to new empirical and theoretical advances on the …

Predictors Of Anxiety Toward Covid-19 Delta Variant: A Cross- Sectional Study Among Healthcare Providers In Java And Bali, Indonesia, I Ketut Swarjana, I Gede Putu Darma Suyasa, I Kadek Nuryanto

Kesmas

Health facilities are experiencing overcapacity, oxygen scarcity, and a limited number of healthcare providers due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), thus impacted on anxiety. This study aimed to determine predictors of anxiety among healthcare providers toward the Delta variant of COVID-19 in Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 371 healthcare providers in Java and Bali Islands, and the snowball sampling technique was used. Data were collected using a questionnaire and distributed through social media (WhatsApp), then analyzed using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis (Chi-square test), and multivariate analysis (multiple logistic regression). The results showed that 81 (21.8%) respondents experienced …

Increased Anxiety From Fear Of Omicron In China As Compared To North America And Western Europe: A Cross-Sectional Kendall's Tau-B Analysis Using The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Questionnaire, Dan Shan, Chang Liu, Shaoyang Li, Yuandian Zheng

Student Publications

Background: Policies dealing with the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic vary across the globe, the different governmental responses then affect the public perception of COVID-19. Many unofficial Chinese media outlets frequently spread misinformation about COVID-19 and exaggerated reports of rare sequelae of Omicron for monetization and attention seeking, leading to panics in the Chinese public. In comparison the attitudes toward Omicron in other countries around the world, especially in North America and Western Europe have shifted to a more relaxed stance.

Objective: This article primarily aims to investigate the association between Chinese people’s attitudes toward the potential after-effects of Omicron …

The Spiritual And Emotional Dynamics Of Pastoral Transitions: A Phenomenological Study, Carl Michael Mclaughlin

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore the central phenomenon of how the spiritual and emotional dynamics of outgoing and incoming pastoral leadership impacted the pastoral transition and to discover common patterns in successful transitions. The central question addressed in this phenomenological research was, “How do pastoral teams consisting of the outgoing pastor and spouse and the incoming pastor and spouse process the spiritual and emotional dynamics of a pastoral transition?” The church is described as a family (Eph 3:15) with spiritual and emotional needs. The pastor should possess personal competence and social competence to lead the …

Perioperative Mental Health Intervention Bundle For Older Surgical Patients: Protocol For An Intervention Development And Feasibility Study, Joanna Abraham, Katherine J Holzer, Emily M Lenard, Kenneth E Freedland, Bethany R Tellor Pennington, Rachel C Wolfe, Theresa A Cordner, Ana A Baumann, Mary Politi, Michael Simon Avidan, Eric Lenze

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: The perioperative period is high risk for older adults. Depression and anxiety are common perioperative problems, frequently coexisting with cognitive impairment. Older patients with these conditions are more likely than younger patients to experience postoperative delirium, long hospital stays, poor quality of life and rehospitalisation. These experiences can, in turn, exacerbate anxiety and depressive symptoms. Despite these risks, little is known about how to treat perioperative anxiety and depression among older adults.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We designed a feasibility study of a perioperative mental health intervention bundle to improve perioperative mental health, specifically depression and anxiety. The overarching goals …

Partialing Alters Interpersonal Correlates Of Negative Affective Symptoms And Traits: A Circumplex Illustration, Steven E. Carlson, Timothy W. Smith, Paula G. Williams, Kimberly A. Parkhurst, Ruben Tinajero, Christian Goans, Michiyo Hirai, John M. Ruiz

Psychological Science Faculty Publications

Introduction

Negative affective symptoms (e.g., anxiety, depression, and anger) are correlated and have parallel associations with outcomes, as do related personality traits (i.e., facets of neuroticism), often prompting statistical control (i.e., partialing) to determine independent effects. However, such adjustments among predictor variables can alter their construct validity. In three studies, the interpersonal circumplex (IPC) and a related analytic approach (i.e., Structural Summary Method) were used to evaluate changes in interpersonal correlates of negative affective characteristics resulting from partialing.

Methods

Samples of undergraduates (Sample 1 n = 3283; Sample 2 = 688) and married couples (n = 300 couples) completed …

Differences In Test Anxiety Levels Among Elementary Students: A Causal-Comparative Study, Candice Lynn Nurney

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Studies have shown an increase in the prevalence of test anxiety among students since the introduction of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) of 2001. Test anxiety has been found to significantly impact student achievement and motivation. A review of the literature indicates a gap exists in the study of test anxiety among elementary students, particularly as it relates to changes in the prevalence of test anxiety between grade levels at the elementary level. A nonexperimental cross-sectional causal comparative research design was utilized to determine the relationship between students’ grade level and level of test anxiety. The research questions …

Sky High Anxiolytics For Rocket City Women: A Holistic Health Approach Offered, Sandra L. Bruno

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The action research project aimed to implement a counseling model to equip clients experiencing anxiety with a holistic health approach. Anxiety is often treated by prescribed anxiolytics, although many women seeking counseling at Madison Counseling have not been formally diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. The study's goal was to provide participants with physical, mental/emotional, spiritual, and relational tools that can aid the participants in the reduction or alleviation of anxiety. The proposed model incorporated empirically proven techniques that balance the women's self to reduce symptomology by providing a healthy alternative to dealing with daily anxiety and stressors, thus reducing the …

The #Metoo Movement: The Interaction Of Disclosing Online And Receiving Support, Elizabeth Brooke Wilson

Student Theses and Dissertations

Research shows the prevalent psychological consequences that follow experiencing sexual trauma, so it is important to seek interventions that decrease those psychological consequences. The current study assessed change in levels of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after disclosing online and reading #MeToo tweets. Participants consisted of 121 college students who were grouped by history or no history of sexual assault. Initial levels of depression, anxiety, and PTSD were assessed. Then, participants were asked to either disclose their sexual assault or trivial characteristics of their shoes. Afterwards, participants read tweets from the #MeToo movement or neutral tweets. Three days …

No Association Between Perinatal Mood Disorders And Hypertensive Pregnancies, Sarah Araji, Ashley Griffin, Wondwosen Kassahun-Yimer, Laura Dixon, Shauna Kay Spencer, Sheila Belk, Gail Ohaegbulam, Kedra Wallace

Faculty and Student Publications

Mental health disorders such as anxiety and/or depression are the most common mental health disorders seen among reproductive aged women and can increase during pregnancy. Many sociodemographic risk factors have been associated with anxiety and/or depression in pregnancy, which can lead to adverse maternal and infant outcomes including the risk of a hypertensive pregnancy. The current study prospectively examined self-reported anxiety, depression and stress in pregnant women without a history of fetal loss or mood disorders beginning at 20–26 weeks. At each study visit, circulating immune factors associated with perinatal mood disorders were measured in blood samples that were collected. …

Does Anxiety Sensitivity Mediate Age-Related Differences In Anxiety In Middle-Aged And Older Adults?, Katherine F. Peterson

Theses and Dissertations

Anxiety is a mental illness that can have significant deleterious impacts on an individual’s functioning. Although anxiety has been studied in older adults, there is conflicting evidence on differences in anxiety as a function of age. Anxiety sensitivity is a construct that is positively related to anxiety but has limited research in older adults. Extant literature suggests that older adults experience less anxiety sensitivity than do younger adults. According to Socioemotional Selectivity Theory, this may be due to older adults letting go of the things that make them anxious. The current study proposed that age impacts self-rated anxiety such that …

A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Of Culturally-Adapted, Telehealth Group Acceptance And Commitment Therapy For Iranian Adolescent Females Reporting Symptoms Of Anxiety, Mehdi Zemestani, Mojgan Hosseini, Julie M. Petersen, Michael P. Twohig

Psychology Faculty Publications

While the efficacy of internet-based acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) has been examined for different mental health concerns in high-income countries, evidence for the potential efficacy of culturally-adapted ACT in non-Western, low- and middle-income countries is scarce. The present study is a randomized, waitlist-controlled trial of culturally-adapted, online, manualized group ACT for anxiety in Iranian adolescent females. To participate, adolescents had to identify as female, report interfering anxiety symptoms, be currently attending high school, and be within the age range of 15–18 years old. Individuals in the active condition (n = 24) participated in eight group sessions delivered over the …