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Afghanistan Legislative Commitments To The Wto: A Deeper Look At Afghanistan's Compliance With Trips, Hafizullah Seddiqi

Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies

In 2016, Afghanistan formally acceded to the World Trade Organization (WTO) to improve its worldwide trading prospects. However, this journey began much earlier. To join the WTO, one of Afghanistan's commitments was to reform its then-existing trademark laws. Intellectual property (IP)-related laws are, in general, one of the fields that countries must reform prior to joining the WTO, so as to be in accordance with the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). While Afghanistan has enacted some IPrelated statutes, including the 2009 Law on Trade Marks Registration, it continues to fall short of conforming to TRIPS because …

Helmand: The U.S. Marines And Counterinsurgency In Afghanistan, 2010-2012, Taylor L. Lewis

Master's Theses

In the years following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, American troops contended with insurgent forces resistant to conventional tactics. General David Petraeus, along with other military experts, addressed the need for new strategies with the publication of Warfighting Publication 3-33.5 (3-33.5) in 2006. The manual laid out methods by which American troops should quell insurgent threats in Iraq and Afghanistan. This thesis is concerned with how the Marine Corps enacted the policies of 3-33.5 in Helmand Province between 2010 and 2012.

The tenants of this new manual were tested in the years following President Barak Obama’s commitment of …

The Illogical Logic Of American Entanglement In The Middle East, Ryan Burke, Jahara Matisek

Journal of Strategic Security

The logic of the American approach to the wars in Iraq, Afghanistan, and now Syria – both in policy and practice – bears striking resemblance to the U.S. approach to Vietnam in the 1960s and 1970s. Despite policies of restraint, it has proven difficult to stop the inertia of war, be it against Communism or terrorism. As this inertia grows, so too does illogical entanglement. Such deepening involvement, whether in Vietnam or the Global War on Terror, often results in combat forces undertaking nation- and state-building missions that they are not designed for, yet have been doing for almost two …

Winning Public Hearts And Minds: Security And Development Aid In The 21st Century, Mohammad Ashraf

Dissertations

In the aftermath of the September 11, 2001 attacks against the United States, foreign aid has focused on winning public hearts and minds in the aid recipient states as a hedge against insecurity and means to achieve progress in the “war on terror.” Western donors, especially the United States, argue foreign aid is an effective tool to expand government capacity and control over territory, win public hearts and minds, and ultimately mitigate the need and significant military costs of deployment to counter insecurity, extremism, and terrorism in weak, fragile and failing states.

This dissertation uses case studies to explore the …

Norway's Lessons, Harald Hoiback

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

This article argues Norway’s minor role in the Afghanistan War (2001–14) included opportunities to learn about the evolution of military deployments over the course of a prolonged counterinsurgency-focused conflict, the civilian and military dynamics, and the political challenges of contributing to such a conflict.

Educating Strategic Lieutenants At Sandhurst, An Jacobs

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

This article examines how well military education at the Royal Military Academy of Sandhurst delivers lieutenants capable of coping with the complexities of their operational environment and the strategic implications of their decisions.

Denmark's Lessons, Sten Rynning

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

This article argues despite opportunities to learn valuable strategic lessons from Denmark’s effort in the Afghanistan War (2001–14), Danish civil authorities implemented a comprehensive approach policy that failed to establish a bridge to lessons learned by the military. Denmark’s experience in the Afghanistan War demonstrates promises and perils of lessons learned processes.

Prism Vol. 8, No. 2, Center For Complex Operations

PRISM (Full PDF Issues)

PRISM Vol. 8, No. 2 addresses a wide range of contemporary security challenges, from terrorism and lessons from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan to hybrid warfare, Russian strategic behavior, and Iran’s regional activities. Articles also consider the implications of artificial intelligence, autonomous systems, and robotics for warfare and deterrence, Sweden’s revival of Total Defense, and comparative approaches to diplomatic security. The issue reflects the growing complexity of conflict as states and security institutions confront conventional, irregular, technological, and political challenges across multiple regions.

A Deal With No Peace: Us-Taliban Deal Will Not By Itself Bring About Civilians’ Hope For An End To Afghanistan’S Long-Running War, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

The article examines the recent U.S.-Taliban agreement reached in Doha, which aims to initiate a phased withdrawal of American and NATO troops from Afghanistan and pave the way for peace negotiations between the Taliban and the Afghan government. Despite the historic nature of the agreement, there are significant concerns about its effectiveness in ending the long-running conflict. The Taliban have stated they will continue their fight against the Afghan government, raising doubts about lasting peace. The article highlights the geopolitical motivations behind the agreement, including the upcoming U.S. elections and Afghan general elections. It also discusses the historical context of …

The Netherlands' Lessons, Martijn Kitzen

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.

Nato's Lessons, Seth A. Johnston

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.

Learning Lessons From Afghanistan: Two Imperatives, Hew Strachan

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.

France's Lessons, Christophe Lafaye

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.

Challenges To Effective Monitoring And Evaluation Systems: Lessons From Afghanistan, Qudratullah Jahid

Sustainability and Social Justice

How can monitoring and evaluation (M&E) systems better support improving the aid effectiveness? What are the existing challenges to the M&E systems in Afghanistan? I try to answer these questions by briefly looking at the development aid in Afghanistan since 2001. I provide summary of attempts made at improving aid effectiveness through mutual accountability frameworks. I then try to briefly discuss the principles of Paris Declaration and provide brief insights from Afghanistan. I then discuss the status of monitoring and evaluation in Afghanistan by providing a picture functional M&E system and then discussing the existing challenges in Afghanistan. Finally, I …

Afghanistan: The Crossroads Of Conflicting Regional Interests, Sabera Azizi

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Despite 45 years of conflict, violence still thrives unwaveringly in Afghanistan. In a war charged with ambitious domestic actors and destructive regional states, peace is nowhere in sight in Afghanistan. The interaction between the actors of a conflict play a significant role in shaping the course of a war. Likewise, the interaction between the Taliban and Afghanistan’s regional states play an important role in intensifying the war. How are regional actors emboldening the Taliban? What roles do hostile regional states play in the Afghan war? This paper answers these questions by unprecedentedly identifying and examining all of the regional states …

“Just One Of Many Donors”: Canada’S Engagement With Civil Society In Afghanistan, Bipasha Baruah

Data and Test Instruments

Canada’s entry into Afghanistan as a NATO ally was widely considered a necessary military venture, but Canadian operations during the reconstruction period that ensued were criticized as having tarnished Canada’s reputation on the international stage. Canada’s history as a peacekeeping nation and its perceived middle power status did initially allow it to act as a mediator between the Afghan government, local actors, and the international community. However, our research discovered that Canada did not fully understand the dynamics of the established civil society structures in Afghanistan, nor the ways in which they influence local politics. A limited understanding of “civil …

"Excellent Propaganda" Zbigniew Brzezinski's Narrative For The Soviet Invasion Of Afghanistan, Matt Mulhern

Dissertations and Theses

My focus is Cold War, and my thesis is about Zbigniew Brzezinski's larger geopolitical vision and objectivesforthePersian Gulf region, including how he used the Afghan war to pursue those objectives, and how important his willful misunderstanding of Soviet intentions in Afghanistan was to the legacy of America’s involvement in that nation’s affairs.

Europeanization Of Foreign Aid: Managing Post-9/11 Fragile, Conflict-Affected States, James Frank Flint

Other Faculty of Arts, Humanities and Business Theses

Since the turn of the millennium fragile, conflict-affected states (FCAS) have grown to constitute a significant issue within European discourse. The spill-over of their ‘complex political emergencies’ is destabilising, as epitomised by the 9/11 attacks. Bush’s ‘war on terrorism’ speech-act during 9/11’s aftermath signified a juncture, and new historical epoch within International Relations. Within this epoch the EU was confronted by violent extremism/terrorism and irregular-migration flows. Nonetheless, fragile states risked being ‘aid orphans’. They can be unattractive to aid-donors due to the foreign aid dilemma whereby those states and peoples exhibiting the direst need of assistance are frequently the hardest …

The Use Of Force: Hard Offensive Counterterrorism, Daniel Thomas

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

In the following research, I investigate whether hard offensive counterterrorism results in the failure or success of a counterterrorism strategy. In the second chapter, the academic literature of counterterrorism strategies is examined. Next, a hypothesis is put forth that if a hard offensive counterterrorism strategy is utilized, indicators such as high troop levels, more civilian casualties, more negative public opinion, and an increased rate of terrorism, will point to a failed counterterrorism strategy. Then, I put forth a methodology to test the hypothesis while introducing troop level databases, various public opinion polling sources, and terrorist attack databases to investigate the …

Whose Monster? A Study In The Rise To Power Of Al Qaeda And The Taliban, Nicholas Kotarski

History Theses

This thesis seeks to determine which factors and parties were most responsible for the transformation of the Mujahedeen who pushed the Soviet Union out of Afghanistan into what would eventually become al Qaeda and the Taliban in the 1990s. First brought to America's attention due to the 1993 World Trade Center bombing, they would gain increased notoriety as the decade progressed due to the Taliban's treatment of Afghan women, and finally culminating in the tragic terrorist attacks on September 11th 2001.

Analyzing Causes And Consequences Of German Military Interventions: Kosovo, Afghanistan, And Iraq, Matthew Goduto

Master's Theses and Capstones

Due to Germany’s militaristic past, anti-militarism and restraint are ingrained into German society and political discourse. For close to fifty years following WWII, Germany did not deploy its military in offensive missions. Why then, did Germany suddenly participate in a military intervention in Kosovo? Following Kosovo, why did Germany also participate in the military intervention in Afghanistan, but refuse to intervene in Iraq, just two years after the Afghanistan intervention began? Related to these questions are how did Germany intervene in Kosovo and Afghanistan and how did Germany oppose the Iraq war? And what were the consequences of the interventions/non-intervention? …

America's 'Just Wars' In The 21st Century: Implications Of Just War Theory On The Middle East, Sara Bakhtiar

Senior Theses

This paper will examine the presence of just war theory in the rhetoric and actions of U.S. leaders and policymakers. I look at Afghanistan to highlight the United States' misuse of just war doctrine, which led to highly destructive consequences. I then look at Syria and how just war language is already being used to justify a potential intervention in the state. Last, I assess the United States' intervention in Yemen to argue that the U.S. does not intervene in the Middle East for strictly humanitarian purposes, but rather to pursue and advance its own interests like policies of regime …

A War That Never Ends: Internal Conflicts, External Interventions, And The Civil Wars In Afghanistan, Chang-Dae David Hyun

Armstrong Undergraduate Journal of History

About the author:

Chang-Dae David Hyun received his H.B.A with a concentration in political science from the University of Toronto in 2017. He was a Winner of Kathleen & William Davis Scholarship and Saul & Lois Rae Scholarship at the University College. He received a full scholarship from the Tsinghua University of China during the summer of 2017. He was a former sergeant from the Republic of Korea Air Force (2007-2010).

The 2017 National Security Strategy Of The United States, John M. Weaver

Journal of Strategic Security

In mid-December, 2017, President Trump released his National Security Strategy (NSS). It is the keystone document that will provide the azimuth for prominent government leaders to guide them though the execution of core functions at federal departments, agencies and other governmental organizations in the months and years to come. It has 55 pages of content; it outlines essential issues that he and by extension, his National Security Council, see as of paramount concern for the United States. Broadly, the president looks to (1) protect the homeland, (2) promote U.S. prosperity, (3) leveraging strength to preserve peace, and (4) advance U.S. …

Why Operations Assessments Fail—It’S Not Just The Metrics, Jonathan Schroden

Naval War College Review

In any military campaign it is necessary to measure how well one is doing; in unconventional, counterinsurgency warfare, measuring progress is especially difficult; and in Afghanistan, the attempt to do so is doing more harm than good, and for fundamental reasons.

Usa: Afghanistan Exit Options, Lishan Desta

Faculty Publications and Presentations

After sixteen years of military and political engagement in Afghanistan, the U.S. is not any closer to its goal of achieving a stable democratic Afghanistan. Efforts to stabilize Afghanistan have been thwarted by the insurgency led by the Taliban, the group the U.S. has toppled sixteen years ago. Today, even U.S. senior generals do not see victory in Afghanistan, but a stalemate.

This paper maintains that what the U.S. basically has in Afghanistan is not a Taliban or a Pakistan problem, but a conceptual error problem. Because of this error, the U.S. is in a vicious cycle that keeps conflating …

How Canada Can Support Un Peacekeeping, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

In August 2016, the Canadian government pledged up to 600 soldiers, 150 police officers, and $450 million over three years for UN peace operations. To enhance its peacekeeping role, Canada should focus on training and security sector reform in Afghanistan, jump-start a UN Emergency Peace Service (UNEPS), and re-establish the Pearson Peacekeeping Centre. Re-engaging in Afghanistan would demonstrate Canada's commitment to peacekeeping and NATO, despite the risks and past challenges. UNEPS, proposed to address rapid response gaps, and a revitalized Pearson Peacekeeping Centre would bolster Canada's peacekeeping capabilities and international standing. This approach aligns with Canada's historical peacekeeping legacy and …

Strategic Insights: Lost In Translation, M. Chris Mason

Articles & Editorials

No abstract provided.

A Mission To Mali Is Already A Lost Opportunity, So Let’S Focus On Afghanistan’S ‘Forgotten War, Erika Simpson

Political Science Publications

Erika Simpson and Sakhi Naimpoor argue that Canada's defense efforts should shift focus from a UN peacekeeping mission in Mali to revitalizing its role in Afghanistan. They criticize the Canadian government for delaying its commitment to Mali and suggest that Canada should instead concentrate on training Afghan soldiers and police to ensure stability in a war-torn country. They highlight the deteriorating security situation in Afghanistan, with the Taliban and ISIS gaining ground since Canada's combat mission ended. The authors contend that re-engaging in Afghanistan would honor the sacrifices made by Canadian forces and help rebuild critical institutions in the region.

Occupational Injustice: Women's Education In Afghanistan, Victoria Mings

Honors Theses

The country of Afghanistan has had a turbulent political, economic, and social climate throughout the recent past. Instability throughout the country has had dramatic impacts on all aspects of its citizens’ lives. One especially prevalent factor that has been affected is the education of women. Receiving an education is an example of an occupation, which is any task or experience an individual finds meaningful. The inhibition of an individual’s ability to participate in valued occupations is called occupational injustice. Through an in-depth literature review, an online review of charitable organizations that promote education for women and girls in Afghanistan, and …