Digital Commons Network^™

Adult Memory T Cell Responses To The Respiratory Syncytial Virus Fusion Protein During A Single Rsv Season (2018-2019), Brittani N Blunck, Laura S Angelo, David Henke, Vasanthi Avadhanula, Matthew Cusick, Laura Ferlic-Stark, Lynn Zechiedrich, Brian E Gilbert, Pedro A Piedra

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is ubiquitous and re-infection with both subtypes (RSV/A and RSV/B) is common. The fusion (F) protein of RSV is antigenically conserved, induces neutralizing antibodies, and is a primary target of vaccine development. Insight into the breadth and durability of RSV-specific adaptive immune response, particularly to the F protein, may shed light on susceptibility to re-infection. We prospectively enrolled healthy adult subjects (n = 19) and collected serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) during the 2018–2019 RSV season. Previously, we described their RSV-specific antibody responses and identified three distinct antibody kinetic profiles associated with infection …

Physical Activity And Diet Quality In Relation To Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study In A Representative Sample Of Us Adults Using Nhanes 2017–2018, Natalia I Heredia, Xiaotao Zhang, Maya Balakrishnan, Carrie R Daniel, Jessica P Hwang, Lorna H Mcneill, Aaron P Thrift

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The association of physical activity (PA) and diet quality with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and NAFLD-related fibrosis have never been examined in a representative sample of U.S. adults using a more precise form of measuring NAFLD. The purpose of this study was to assess the associations of PA and diet quality (Healthy Eating Index [HEI]-2015) with NAFLD and a subset with advanced fibrosis (F3-4) as assessed by vibration-controlled transient elastography with controlled attenuation parameter in a representative sample of U.S. adults. This cross-sectional analysis uses data from 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. NAFLD was defined as controlled …

De Novo Glycine Synthesis Is Reduced In Adults With Morbid Obesity And Increases Following Bariatric Surgery, Hong Chang Tan, Jean W Hsu, E Shyong Tai, Shaji Chacko, Vieon Wu, Chun Fan Lee, Jean-Paul Kovalik, Farook Jahoor

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Glycine is a dietary non-essential amino acid that is low in obesity and increases following bariatric surgery. However, the exact mechanism responsible remains unclear and it is unknown whether hypoglycinemia is a cause or consequence of insulin resistance.

OBJECTIVE: Using multiple isotopically labeled tracers, we aimed to determine the underlying kinetic changes responsible for hypoglycinemia in obesity by: 1) Comparing glycine kinetics between participants with morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 32.5 kg/m

METHODS: [1,2-

RESULTS: Compared to controls, participants with morbid obesity had significantly lower plasma glycine concentrations at 163 (153-171) vs. 201 (172-227) µmol/L and significantly reduced

CONCLUSION: Hypoglycinemia …

Screening For Balance In Children And Adults In A Community Science Education Setting: Normative Data, Influence Of Age, Sex, And Body Mass Index, And Feasibility, Phyllis Friello, Nathan Silver, Haleh Sangi-Haghpeykar, Helen S Cohen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Screening standing and walking balance is useful for people suspected of having vestibular disorders, a variety of neurologic and musculoskeletal disorders, and for screening astronauts returning after exposure to microgravity. Visitors to a community science education center children and adults, aged 4 to 85, were tested on tandem walking with eyes closed and the modified Romberg test on compliant foam. They were then asked about their experience participating in research, many people for the first time.

METHODS: Subjects performed 10 steps of tandem walking with eyes closed, and three trials of the modified Romberg, or Clinical Test of Sensory …

Subjective Versus Objective Tests Of Dizziness And Vestibular Function In Epidemiologic Screening Research, Helen S Cohen, Haleh Sangi-Haghpeykar, Michael W Plankey

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Many epidemiologic studies of vestibular disorders are based on responses to questionnaires which have not been tested against objective tests of the vestibular system.

OBJECTIVE: The goal was to determine if the dizziness and balance questions used in the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) are valid and predict performance on objective tests of the vestibular system (VNG).

METHODS: Data from 367 participants recruited from the community, aged 21.4 to 87.6 years, were collected in the Otolaryngology department at a tertiary care center. They were asked the eight NHIS questions twice, at least 30 minutes apart and were tested on …

Identification Of Serum Mirna Signature And Establishment Of A Nomogram For Risk Stratification In Patients With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma, Raju Kandimalla, Tadanobu Shimura, Saurav Mallik, Fuminori Sonohara, Susan Tsai, Douglas B Evans, Song Cheol Kim, Hideo Baba, Yasuhiro Kodera, Daniel Von Hoff, Xi Chen, Ajay Goel

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to perform mRNA-miRNA regulatory network analyses to identify a miRNA panel for molecular subtype identification and stratification of high-risk patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

BACKGROUND: Recent transcriptional profiling effort in PDAC has led to the identification of molecular subtypes that associate with poor survival; however, their clinical significance for risk stratification in patients with PDAC has been challenging.

METHODS: By performing a systematic analysis in The Cancer Genome Atlas and International Cancer Genome Consortium cohorts, we discovered a panel of miRNAs that associated with squamous and other poor molecular subtypes in PDAC. …

Semaphorin-Plexin Signaling: From Axonal Guidance To A New X-Linked Intellectual Disability Syndrome, Jacqueline L Steele, Marwan S Shinawi, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Semaphorins and plexins are ligands and cell surface receptors that regulate multiple neurodevelopmental processes such as axonal growth and guidance. PLXNA3 is a plexin gene located on the X chromosome that encodes the most widely expressed plexin receptor in fetal brain, plexin-A3. Plexin-A3 knockout mice demonstrate its role in semaphorin signaling in vivo. The clinical manifestations of semaphorin/plexin neurodevelopmental disorders have been less widely explored. This study describes the neurological and neurodevelopmental phenotypes of boys with maternally inherited hemizygous PLXNA3 variants.

METHODS: Data-sharing through GeneDx and GeneMatcher allowed identification of individuals with autism or intellectual disabilities (autism/ID) and hemizygous …

The Nhlbi Study On Long-Term Outcomes After The Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome In Children (Music): Design And Objectives, Dongngan T Truong, Felicia L Trachtenberg, Gail D Pearson, Audrey Dionne, Matthew D Elias, Kevin Friedman, Kerri H Hayes, Lynn Mahony, Brian W Mccrindle, Matthew E Oster, Victoria Pemberton, Andrew J Powell, Mark W Russell, Lara S Shekerdemian, Mary Beth Son, Michael Taylor, Jane W Newburger

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The Long-terM OUtcomes after the Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome In Children (MUSIC) study aims to characterize the frequency and time course of acute and long-term cardiac and non-cardiac sequelae in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with COVID-19 (MIS-C), which are currently poorly understood.

METHODS: This multicenter observational cohort study will enroll at least 600 patientsyears, and optional genetic testing. Cardiac imaging at specific time points includes standardized echocardiographic assessment (all participants) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) in those with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)

CONCLUSION: The MUSIC study, with the largest cohort of MIS-C patients and the longest …

Sars-Cov-2 Booster Vaccination Rescues Attenuated Igg1 Memory B Cell Response In Primary Antibody Deficiency Patients, Frank J Lin, Alexa Michelle Altman Doss, Hannah G Davis-Adams, Lucas J Adams, Christopher H Hanson, Laura A Vanblargan, Chieh-Yu Liang, Rita E Chen, Jennifer Marie Monroy, H James Wedner, Anthony Kulczycki, Tarisa L Mantia, Caitlin C O'Shaughnessy, Saravanan Raju, Fang R Zhao, Elise Rizzi, Christopher J Rigell, Tiffany Biason Dy, Andrew L Kau, Zhen Ren, Jackson S Turner, Jane A O'Halloran, Rachel M Presti, Daved H Fremont, Peggy L Kendall, Ali H Ellebedy, Philip A Mudd, Michael S Diamond, Ofer Zimmerman, Brian J Laidlaw

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Although SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have proven effective in eliciting a protective immune response in healthy individuals, their ability to induce a durable immune response in immunocompromised individuals remains poorly understood. Primary antibody deficiency (PAD) syndromes are among the most common primary immunodeficiency disorders in adults and are characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia and impaired ability to mount robust antibody responses following infection or vaccination.

METHODS: Here, we present an analysis of both the B and T cell response in a prospective cohort of 30 individuals with PAD up to 150 days following initial COVID-19 vaccination and 150 days post mRNA booster vaccination. …

The First 20 Months Of The Covid-19 Pandemic: Mortality, Intubation And Icu Rates Among 104,590 Patients Hospitalized At 21 United States Health Systems, Michael C. Fiore, Li-Shiun Chen, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

MAIN OBJECTIVE: There is limited information on how patient outcomes have changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study characterizes changes in mortality, intubation, and ICU admission rates during the first 20 months of the pandemic.

STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: University of Wisconsin researchers collected and harmonized electronic health record data from 1.1 million COVID-19 patients across 21 United States health systems from February 2020 through September 2021. The analysis comprised data from 104,590 adult hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Inclusion criteria for the analysis were: (1) age 18 years or older; (2) COVID-19 ICD-10 diagnosis during hospitalization and/or a positive COVID-19 PCR …

Effect Of Acute Postsurgical Pain Trajectories On 30-Day And 1-Year Pain, Saria S Awadalla, Victoria Winslow, Michael S. Avidan, Simon Haroutounian, Thomas G. Kannampallil

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Untreated pain after surgery leads to poor patient satisfaction, longer hospital length of stay, lower health-related quality of life, and non-compliance with rehabilitation regimens. The aim of this study is to characterize the structure of acute pain trajectories during the postsurgical hospitalization period and quantify their association with pain at 30-days and 1-year after surgery. This cohort study included 2106 adult (≥18 years) surgical patients who consented to participate in the SATISFY-SOS registry (February 1, 2015 to September 30, 2017). Patients were excluded if they did not undergo invasive surgeries, were classified as outpatients, failed to complete follow up assessments …

Stigma Towards Mental Illness And Help-Seeking Behaviors Among Adult And Child Psychiatrists In Hungary: A Cross-Sectional Study, Dorottya Őri, Péter Szocsics, Tamás Molnár, Fanni Virág Ralovich, Zsolt Huszár, Ágnes Bene, Sándor Rózsa, Zsuzsa Győrffy, György Purebl

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Stigma towards people with mental health problems is a growing issue across the world, to which healthcare providers might contribute. The aim of the present study was to explore psychiatrists' attitudes towards their patients and link them to psychosocial and professional factors.

METHODS: An online questionnaire was used to approach the in- and outpatient psychiatric services across Hungary. A total of 211 trainees and specialists in adult and child psychiatry participated in our study. Their overall stigmatizing attitudes were measured, with focus on attitude, disclosure and help-seeking, and social distance dimensions by using the self-report Opening Minds Stigma Scale …

Predicting At-Risk Opioid Use Three Months After Ed Visit For Trauma: Results From The Aurora Study, Brittany E. Punches, Stacey L. House, Et Al

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Whether short-term, low-potency opioid prescriptions for acute pain lead to future at-risk opioid use remains controversial and inadequately characterized. Our objective was to measure the association between emergency department (ED) opioid analgesic exposure after a physical, trauma-related event and subsequent opioid use. We hypothesized ED opioid analgesic exposure is associated with subsequent at-risk opioid use.

METHODS: Participants were enrolled in AURORA, a prospective cohort study of adult patients in 29 U.S., urban EDs receiving care for a traumatic event. Exclusion criteria were hospital admission, persons reporting any non-medical opioid use (e.g., opioids without prescription or taking more than prescribed …

Use Of Implementation Mapping With Community-Based Participatory Research: Development Of Implementation Strategies Of A New Goal Setting And Goal Management Intervention System, Eunyoung Kang, Erin R Foster

2020-Current year OA Pubs

AIMS: This study aims to identify implementation determinants, mechanisms of action, implementation strategies, and implementation outcome evaluation plans for a new theory-based rehabilitation goal setting and goal management intervention system, called MyGoals, using Implementation Mapping with community-based participatory research principles.

METHODS: We completed Implementation Mapping tasks 1 to 4 as a planning team consisting of MyGoals target implementers (occupational therapists (OTs), MyGoals intervention target clients (adults with chronic conditions), and the research team. We are currently conducting mapping task 5. These processes were guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, social cognitive theory, the taxonomy of behavior change methods, …

Lumos - Low And Intermediate Grade Glioma Umbrella Study Of Molecular Guided Therapies At Relapse: Protocol For A Pilot Study., Benjamin Y Kong, Hao-Wen Sim, Anna K Nowak, Sonia Yip, Elizabeth H Barnes, Bryan W Day, Michael E Buckland, Roel G W Verhaak, Terrance Johns, Cleo Robinson, Marc A Thomas, Tindaro Giardina, Zarnie Lwin, Andrew M Scott, Jonathon Parkinson, Rosalind Jeffree, Richard De Abreu Lourenco, Elizabeth J Hovey, Lawrence M Cher, Ganessan Kichendasse, Mustafa Khasraw, Merryn Hall, Emily Tu, Benhur Amanuel, Eng-Siew Koh, Hui K Gan

Faculty Research 2023

INTRODUCTION: Grades 2 and 3 gliomas (G2/3 gliomas), when combined, are the second largest group of malignant brain tumours in adults. The outcomes for G2/3 gliomas at progression approach the dismal outcomes for glioblastoma (GBM), yet there is a paucity of trials for Australian patients with relapsed G2/3 gliomas compared with patients with GBM. LUMOS will be a pilot umbrella study for patients with relapsed G2/3 gliomas that aims to match patients to targeted therapies based on molecular screening with contemporaneous tumour tissue. Participants in whom no actionable or no druggable mutation is found, or in whom the matching drug …

Trial Of Spesolimab For Generalized Pustular Psoriasis, Hervé Bachelez, Milan J Anadkat, Et Al

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a rare, life-threatening, inflammatory skin disease characterized by widespread eruption of sterile pustules. Interleukin-36 signaling is involved in the pathogenesis of this disorder. Spesolimab, a humanized anti-interleukin-36 receptor monoclonal antibody, is being studied for the treatment of GPP flares.

METHODS: In a phase 2 trial, we randomly assigned patients with a GPP flare in a 2:1 ratio to receive a single 900-mg intravenous dose of spesolimab or placebo. Patients in both groups could receive an open-label dose of spesolimab on day 8, an open-label dose of spesolimab as a rescue medication after day 8, …

Real-World Impact Of Fremanezumab On Migraine Symptoms And Resource Utilization In The United States, Peter Mcallister, Lois Lamerato, Lynda J. Krasenbaum, Joshua M. Cohen, Krishna Tangirala, Stephen Thompson, Maurice Driessen, Julian Casciano, Zenobia Dotiwala, Alexander Mauskop

Public Health Sciences Articles

BACKGROUND: Fremanezumab, a fully humanized monoclonal antibody (IgG2Δa) that selectively targets calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), is approved for migraine prevention in adults. Real-world data on the effectiveness of fremanezumab are limited. This retrospective, observational cohort study assessed patient-reported migraine symptoms, health care resource utilization (HCRU), and direct medical costs before and after fremanezumab treatment initiation.

METHODS: Data were extracted from September 2018 through June 2020 from the Midwest component of EMRClaims+®, an integrated health services database containing > 20 million medical records from national commercial insurance claims, Medicare claims, and regional electronic medical records. Patients included in the cohort analysis were …

Phase 3 Safety And Efficacy Of Azd1222 (Chadox1 Ncov-19) Covid-19 Vaccine, Ann R Falsey, Magdalena E Sobieszczyk, Ian Hirsch, Stephanie Sproule, Merlin L Robb, Lawrence Corey, Kathleen M Neuzil, William Hahn, Julie Hunt, Mark J Mulligan, Charlene Mcevoy, Edwin Dejesus, Michael Hassman, Susan J Little, Barbara A Pahud, Anna Durbin, Paul Pickrell, Eric S Daar, Larry Bush, Joel Solis, Quito Osuna Carr, Temitope Oyedele, Susan Buchbinder, Jessica Cowden, Sergio L Vargas, Alfredo Guerreros Benavides, Robert Call, Michael C Keefer, Beth D Kirkpatrick, John Pullman, Tina Tong, Margaret Brewinski Isaacs, David Benkeser, Holly E Janes, Martha C Nason, Justin A Green, Elizabeth J Kelly, Jill Maaske, Nancy Mueller, Kathryn Shoemaker, Therese Takas, Richard P Marshall, Menelas N Pangalos, Tonya Villafana, Antonio Gonzalez-Lopez

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The safety and efficacy of the AZD1222 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) vaccine in a large, diverse population at increased risk for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the United States, Chile, and Peru has not been known.

METHODS: In this ongoing, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 clinical trial, we investigated the safety, vaccine efficacy, and immunogenicity of two doses of AZD1222 as compared with placebo in preventing the onset of symptomatic and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) 15 days or more after the second dose in adults, including older adults, in the United States, Chile, and Peru.

RESULTS: …

The Five Ds Of Outpatient Antibiotic Stewardship For Urinary Tract Infections, Melanie C Goebel, Barbara W Trautner, Larissa Grigoryan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most common indications for antibiotic prescriptions in the outpatient setting. Given rising rates of antibiotic resistance among uropathogens, antibiotic stewardship is critically needed to improve outpatient antibiotic use, including in outpatient clinics (primary care and specialty clinics) and emergency departments. Outpatient clinics are in general a neglected practice area in antibiotic stewardship programs, yet most antibiotic use in the United States is in the outpatient setting. This article provides a comprehensive review of antibiotic stewardship strategies for outpatient UTI in the adult population, with a focus on the "five Ds" of stewardship …

Polatuzumab Vedotin In Previously Untreated Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Hervé Tilly, Neha Mehta-Shah, Et Al

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is typically treated with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP). However, only 60% of patients are cured with R-CHOP. Polatuzumab vedotin is an antibody-drug conjugate targeting CD79b, which is ubiquitously expressed on the surface of malignant B cells.

METHODS: We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, international phase 3 trial to evaluate a modified regimen of R-CHOP (pola-R-CHP), in which vincristine was replaced with polatuzumab vedotin, as compared with standard R-CHOP, in patients with previously untreated intermediate-risk or high-risk DLBCL. Patients 18 to 80 years of age were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to …

Axicabtagene Ciloleucel As Second-Line Therapy For Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Frederick L Locke, Armin Ghobadi, Et Al

Open Access Publications

BACKGROUND: The prognosis of patients with early relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma after the receipt of first-line chemoimmunotherapy is poor.

METHODS: In this international, phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, patients with large B-cell lymphoma that was refractory to or had relapsed no more than 12 months after first-line chemoimmunotherapy to receive axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel, an autologous anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy) or standard care (two or three cycles of investigator-selected, protocol-defined chemoimmunotherapy, followed by high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell transplantation in patients with a response to the chemoimmunotherapy). The primary end point was …

Meta-Analyses Identify Dna Methylation Associated With Kidney Function And Damage, Pascal Schlosser, Adrienne Tin, Pamela R Matias-Garcia, Chris H L Thio, Roby Joehanes, Hongbo Liu, Antoine Weihs, Zhi Yu, Anselm Hoppmann, Franziska Grundner-Culemann, Josine L Min, Adebowale A Adeyemo, Charles Agyemang, Johan Ärnlöv, Nasir A Aziz, Andrea Baccarelli, Murielle Bochud, Hermann Brenner, Monique M B Breteler, Cristian Carmeli, Layal Chaker, John C Chambers, Shelley A Cole, Josef Coresh, Tanguy Corre, Adolfo Correa, Simon R Cox, Niek De Klein, Graciela E Delgado, Arce Domingo-Relloso, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Arif B Ekici, Karlhans Endlich, Kathryn L Evans, James S Floyd, Myriam Fornage, Lude Franke, Eliza Fraszczyk, Xu Gao, Xīn Gào, Mohsen Ghanbari, Sahar Ghasemi, Christian Gieger, Philip Greenland, Megan L Grove, Sarah E Harris, Gibran Hemani, Peter Henneman, Christian Herder, Steve Horvath, Lifang Hou, Mikko A Hurme, Shih-Jen Hwang, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Sharon L R Kardia, Silva Kasela, Marcus E Kleber, Wolfgang Koenig, Jaspal S Kooner, Holly Kramer, Florian Kronenberg, Brigitte Kühnel, Terho Lehtimäki, Lars Lind, Dan Liu, Yongmei Liu, Donald M Lloyd-Jones, Kurt Lohman, Stefan Lorkowski, Ake T Lu, Riccardo E Marioni, Winfried März, Daniel L Mccartney, Karlijn A C Meeks, Lili Milani, Pashupati P Mishra, Matthias Nauck, Ana Navas-Acien, Christoph Nowak, Annette Peters, Holger Prokisch, Bruce M Psaty, Olli T Raitakari, Scott M Ratliff, Alex P Reiner, Sylvia E Rosas, Ben Schöttker, Joel Schwartz, Sanaz Sedaghat, Jennifer A Smith, Nona Sotoodehnia, Hannah R Stocker, Silvia Stringhini, Johan Sundström, Brenton R Swenson, Maria Tellez-Plaza, Joyce B J Van Meurs, Jana V Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Andrea Venema, Niek Verweij, Rosie M Walker, Matthias Wielscher, Juliane Winkelmann, Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel, Wei Zhao, Yinan Zheng, Marie Loh, Harold Snieder, Daniel Levy, Melanie Waldenberger, Katalin Susztak, Anna Köttgen, Alexander Teumer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Chronic kidney disease is a major public health burden. Elevated urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio is a measure of kidney damage, and used to diagnose and stage chronic kidney disease. to extend the knowledge on regulatory mechanisms related to kidney function and disease, we conducted a blood-based epigenome-wide association study for estimated glomerular filtration rate (n = 33,605) and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (n = 15,068) and detected 69 and seven CpG sites where DNA methylation was associated with the respective trait. The majority of these findings showed directionally consistent associations with the respective clinical outcomes chronic kidney disease and moderately increased albuminuria. …

Electronically Available Patient Claims Data Improve Models For Comparing Antibiotic Use Across Hospitals: Results From 576 Us Facilities, Katherine E Goodman, Lisa Pineles, Laurence S Magder, Deverick J Anderson, Elizabeth Dodds Ashley, Ronald E Polk, Hude Quan, William E Trick, Keith F Woeltje, Surbhi Leekha, Sara E Cosgrove, Anthony D Harris

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) uses standardized antimicrobial administration ratios (SAARs)-that is, observed-to-predicted ratios-to compare antibiotic use across facilities. CDC models adjust for facility characteristics when predicting antibiotic use but do not include patient diagnoses and comorbidities that may also affect utilization. This study aimed to identify comorbidities causally related to appropriate antibiotic use and to compare models that include these comorbidities and other patient-level claims variables to a facility model for risk-adjusting inpatient antibiotic utilization.

METHODS: The study included adults discharged from Premier Database hospitals in 2016-2017. For each admission, we extracted facility, claims, and …

Association Of Low-Frequency And Rare Coding Variants With Information Processing Speed, Jan Bressler, Gail Davies, Albert V Smith, Yasaman Saba, Joshua C Bis, Xueqiu Jian, Caroline Hayward, Lisa Yanek, Jennifer A Smith, Saira S Mirza, Ruiqi Wang, Hieab H H Adams, Diane Becker, Eric Boerwinkle, Archie Campbell, Simon R Cox, Gudny Eiriksdottir, Chloe Fawns-Ritchie, Rebecca F Gottesman, Megan L Grove, Xiuqing Guo, Edith Hofer, Sharon L R Kardia, Maria J Knol, Marisa Koini, Oscar L Lopez, Riccardo E Marioni, Paul Nyquist, Alison Pattie, Ozren Polasek, David J Porteous, Igor Rudan, Claudia L Satizabal, Helena Schmidt, Reinhold Schmidt, Stephen Sidney, Jeannette Simino, Blair H Smith, Stephen T Turner, Sven J Van Der Lee, Erin B Ware, Rachel A Whitmer, Kristine Yaffe, Qiong Yang, Wei Zhao, Vilmundur Gudnason, Lenore J Launer, Annette L Fitzpatrick, Bruce M Psaty, Myriam Fornage, M Arfan Ikram, Cornelia M Van Duijn, Sudha Seshadri, Thomas H Mosley, Ian J Deary

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Measures of information processing speed vary between individuals and decline with age. Studies of aging twins suggest heritability may be as high as 67%. The Illumina HumanExome Bead Chip genotyping array was used to examine the association of rare coding variants with performance on the Digit-Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) in community-dwelling adults participating in the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium. DSST scores were available for 30,576 individuals of European ancestry from nine cohorts and for 5758 individuals of African ancestry from four cohorts who were older than 45 years and free of dementia and …

Accidental Ocular Rocuronium Exposure., Ayal Z Pierce, Sonal Batra, Bailey Norberg

Emergency Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Spatial Concordance Of Dna Methylation Classification In Diffuse Glioma., Niels Verburg, Floris P Barthel, Kevin J Anderson, Kevin C Johnson, Thomas Koopman, Maqsood M Yaqub, Otto S Hoekstra, Adriaan A Lammertsma, Frederik Barkhof, Petra J W Pouwels, Jaap C Reijneveld, Annemieke J M Rozemuller, Jeroen A M Beliën, Ronald Boellaard, Michael D Taylor, Sunit Das, Joseph F Costello, William Peter Vandertop, Pieter Wesseling, Philip C De Witt Hamer, Roel G W Verhaak

Faculty Research 2021

BACKGROUND: Intratumoral heterogeneity is a hallmark of diffuse gliomas. DNA methylation profiling is an emerging approach in the clinical classification of brain tumors. The goal of this study is to investigate the effects of intratumoral heterogeneity on classification confidence.

METHODS: We used neuronavigation to acquire 133 image-guided and spatially separated stereotactic biopsy samples from 16 adult patients with a diffuse glioma (7 IDH-wildtype and 2 IDH-mutant glioblastoma, 6 diffuse astrocytoma, IDH-mutant and 1 oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p19q codeleted), which we characterized using DNA methylation arrays. Samples were obtained from regions with and without abnormalities on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion …

Efficacy And Safety Of Avapritinib In Advanced Systemic Mastocytosis: Interim Analysis Of The Phase 2 Pathfinder Trial, Jason Gotlib, Andreas Reiter, Stephen T Oh, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Advanced systemic mastocytosis (AdvSM) is a rare, KIT D816V-driven hematologic neoplasm characterized by mast cell infiltration and shortened survival. We report the results of a prespecified interim analysis of an ongoing pivotal single-arm phase 2 trial (no. NCT03580655 ) of avapritinib, a potent, selective KIT D816V inhibitor administered primarily at a once-daily starting dose of 200 mg in patients with AdvSM (n = 62). The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included mean baseline change in AdvSM-Symptom Assessment Form Total Symptom Score and quality of life, time to response, duration of response, progression-free survival, overall survival, changes …

Metabolic Syndrome And Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome In Hospitalized Patients With Covid-19, Joshua L Denson, Aaron S Gillet, Yuanhao Zu, Margo Brown, Thaidan Pham, Yilin Yoshida, Franck Mauvais-Jarvis, Ivor S Douglas, Mathew Moore, Kevin Tea, Andrew Wetherbie, Rachael Stevens, John Lefante, Jeffrey G Shaffer, Donna Lee Armaignac, Katherine Belden, Margit Kaufman, Smith F Heavner, Valerie C Danesh, Sreekanth R Cheruku, Catherine A St Hill, Karen Boman, Neha Deo, Vikas Bansal, Vishakha K Kumar, Allan J Walkey, Rahul Kashyap, Society Of Critical Care Medicine Discovery Viral Infection And Respiratory Illness Universal Study (Virus): Covid-19 Registry Investigator Group

Division of Infectious Diseases and Environmental Medicine Faculty Papers

Importance: Obesity, diabetes, and hypertension are common comorbidities in patients with severe COVID-19, yet little is known about the risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or death in patients with COVID-19 and metabolic syndrome.

Objective: To determine whether metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of ARDS and death from COVID-19.

Design, setting, and participants: This multicenter cohort study used data from the Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery Viral Respiratory Illness Universal Study collected from 181 hospitals across 26 countries from February 15, 2020, to February 18, 2021. Outcomes were compared between patients with metabolic syndrome (defined …

Promoting Nutrition Equity For Individuals With Physical Challenges: A Systematic Review Of Barriers And Facilitators To Healthy Eating, Marianna S Wetherill, Ashten R Duncan, Hartley Bowman, Reagan Collins, Natalie Santa-Pinter, Morgan Jackson, Catherine M Lynn, Katherine Prentice, Mary Isaacson

Library Staff Publications

Impaired mobility is the most common form of functional disability in the US, affecting one out of every sixteen working-age adults. Little is known about the barriers to and facilitators of healthy eating among people with impaired mobility (PWIM), who are at increased risk for diet-related chronic disease. The pathways by which impaired mobility influence dietary intake are unclear, yet likely involve a complex interplay between structural determinants of health and individual factors. To help advance nutrition equity initiatives for PWIM, this systematic review aimed to qualitatively synthesize factors associated with dietary intake across four levels of ecologic influence. An …

Modeling Recurrence In Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis With Mobile Peak Expiratory Flow, Kyle Kimura, Liping Du, Lynn D Berry, Li-Ching Huang, Sheau-Chiann Chen, David O Francis, Alexander Gelbard

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: We sought to establish normative peak expiratory flow (PEF) data for patients with idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS), evaluate whether immediate changes in PEF after a procedure predict long-term treatment response, and test if a decline in longitudinal PEF is associated with disease recurrence.

STUDY DESIGN: International, prospective, 3-year multicenter cohort study of 810 patients with untreated, newly diagnosed, or previously treated iSGS.

METHODS: iSGS patients consented and enrolled in the North American Airway Collaborative (NoAAC) iSGS

RESULTS: Within the NoAAC iSGS1000 cohort, 810 patients participated in a 3-year, prospective study comparing surgical treatment efficacy and 385 had appropriate PEF …