Digital Commons Network^™

Research Publication Trends Among Sfmatch Ophthalmology Applicants, Matthew B. Urban, Judah R. Hoffman, Avery Ross, Nermeen Kidwai, Bentzion Kleiman, Chinecheta Ani, Mariam Ahmed, Elizabeth Drugge, Abha Amin, Kelly Hutcheson

Journal of Academic Ophthalmology

Background: The shift to pass/fail for the Step 1 examination has shifted the emphasis from Step 1 scores to other applicant metrics. In competitive specialties such as ophthalmology, programs seem to be placing increased emphasis on applicants’ research productivity.

Purpose: To investigate research productivity among U.S. MD graduates who matched to the SF Match in 2024.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 427 U.S. MD graduates who received a position in the 2024 SF Match–Ophthalmology. We recorded total publications (abstracts and manuscripts), first authorships, and number of ophthalmology-related publications. Data was collected from PubMed, Google Scholar, …

The Impact Of Program Signaling On Ophthalmology Program Director And Applicant Residency Match Experience, Riya H. Patel, Neha Sarabu, Albert S. Khouri

Journal of Academic Ophthalmology

Background: Program signaling (PS), which enables applicants to signal their interest to a specific program, was introduced in the 2024-2025 ophthalmology residency match cycle.

Purpose: To highlight program director (PD) opinions on signaling as well as its impact on interview and match statistics.

Methods: A questionnaire of program demographics and PD experience with PS was sent to all 2024-2025 ophthalmology residency programs. Anonymous responses from PDs were recorded. Descriptive statistics were used to detail program characteristics, interview/match statistics, and PD opinions.

Results: A total of 126 questionnaires were sent to PDs, and 32 responses were received …

Virtual Introductory Summer Course In Ophthalmology (Visco): Implementation Of A Novel Online Course To Address Gaps In Ophthalmology Education, Katherine Lucy Jung, Cody Lo, Anne Xuan-Lan Nguyen, Sherif R. El-Defrawy, Jonathan A. Micieli, Michael Thai Binh Nguyen

Journal of Academic Ophthalmology

Background: Ophthalmology education in medical schools worldwide has declined over the past 20 years, despite an aging global population with increasing ocular concerns, highlighting a critical gap in physician training. All physicians must be adequately trained to provide basic ophthalmic care when specialists are unavailable.

Purpose: To describe and evaluate the Virtual Introductory Summer Course in Ophthalmology (VISCO), an open-access live virtual program conducted in 2021 and 2022.

Methods: VISCO was created by Canadian ophthalmology faculty, residents, and medical students. The course utilized a “reverse classroom” format where participants were supplied with a reading guide of high-quality …

A Curriculum-Based Approach To Enhance Medical Student Confidence And Performance With Slit Lamp Funduscopy And Indirect Ophthalmoscopy, Matthew C. Johnson, Jia Jia Zhang, Ryan S Meshkin, Ankoor S. Shah, Grayson W. Armstrong

Journal of Academic Ophthalmology

Background: As ophthalmology instruction in medical school curricula continues to decrease, opportunities for structured training in slit lamp funduscopy and indirect ophthalmoscopy remain scarce. Furthermore, most educational interventions in ophthalmology rely heavily on self-reported confidence rather than objective measures of technical performance.

Purpose: To validate a slit lamp funduscopy and indirect ophthalmoscopy educational curriculum for medical students.

Methods: Third- and fourth-year medical students enrolled in an ophthalmology elective were invited to participate in a slit lamp funduscopy and indirect ophthalmoscopy teaching session. Students’ subjective confidence levels were assessed via Likert-scale questions on pre- and post-teaching questionnaires (1 …

Barriers To Pursuing Ophthalmology Among Medical Students, Karthik Reddy, Keith Miller, Mana Yacim, Mickey Nguyen, Anjali R. Shah, Shahzad I. Mian, Ariane Kaplan

Journal of Academic Ophthalmology

Background: Underrepresented in medicine (URM) medical students pursuing ophthalmology are notably scarce. As racial concordance improves health outcomes, understanding perceived barriers is of utmost importance. Limited data exists regarding factors that inform URM medical students’ decisions for declining to pursue ophthalmology.

Purpose: To investigate factors associated with students’ motivations and decision-making process with regard to pursuing ophthalmology.

Methods: From 2019 to 2022, fourth-year medical students at the University of Michigan who were not pursuing ophthalmology completed a questionnaire assessing intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence specialty choice. Using Likert scales, students rated the importance of salary, research, …

Independent Associations With Research Productivity Among U.S. Academic Ophthalmologists Using The Us-Aofd, Brenton T. Bicknell, Josephine Rudd Zhong Manis, Yejin Heo, Haley Chishom, Lance Dzubinski, Taylor L. Aaserud, Alvina Liang, Shayan Massoumi, Thanushri Srikantha, John Stoffer, Guihua Zhai, Basil K. Williams Jr, Steven E. Brooks, Robert Tauscher

Journal of Academic Ophthalmology

Background: Scholarly productivity is a key marker of achievement in academic ophthalmology, influencing promotion, research support, and leadership opportunities. Prior studies have reported variation by gender, subspecialty, and rank, but few applied regression methods to identify independent predictors.

Purpose: To evaluate demographic, academic, and subspecialty factors associated with research productivity among U.S. academic ophthalmologists and to identify independent predictors through multivariable regression.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 4,028 ophthalmologists across 126 accredited U.S. residency programs using the U.S. Academic Ophthalmology Faculty Database (US-AOFD). Faculty demographics and academic information were obtained from institutional websites, and bibliometric data (publications, …

Exposure To A Vision Screening Program In A Community-Based Clinic Improves Medical Student Confidence And Funduscopy Skills, Karanpreet S. Multani, Jibran A. Sharieff, Justin D. Dvorak, Kai Ding, Tammy Yanovitch

Journal of Academic Ophthalmology

Background: Vision is critical to overall health, yet ophthalmology training in medical education has declined over the past 50 years, leaving many graduates underprepared to manage common eye conditions. The Johns Hopkins ViSION program demonstrated that structured participation improved students’ confidence and knowledge in ophthalmology, suggesting that integrating vision screening into medical training may enhance medical students’ confidence in performing ophthalmic examinations and recognizing common ophthalmic conditions.

Purpose: To evaluate whether participation in community-based vision screening programs enhances medical students’ ophthalmic examination confidence, examination proficiency, and diagnostic performance.

Methods: Thirty-eight medical students from the University of Oklahoma …

Impact Of Usmle Step 1 Pass/Fail On Research Trends Among Ophthalmology Residency Applicants, Sinan Ersan, Charles Zhang, Yousef Yousef, Fahim Ahmad, Lydia Lanski, Cameron Mcglone, Andrew L Reynolds

Journal of Academic Ophthalmology

Background: Ophthalmology is a very competitive specialty with a growing number of applicants each academic year. In the past, ophthalmology residency programs used the United States Medical Licensing Exam (USMLE) Step 1 numerical score as a key screening tool to narrow the applicant pool; however, the transition to pass/fail has created uncertainty regarding alternative selection criteria.

Purpose: To evaluate ophthalmology residency applications submitted before and after the elimination of the numerical USMLE Step 1 scoring system, with a focus on assessing the volume and quality of research experiences.

Methods: This is a single institution retrospective study examining …

Evaluating The Construct And Face Validity Of The Eyesi Slit Lamp Simulator, Alexi Geevarghese, Jacob Wong, Andrea Blitzer, Jiyuan Hu, Christina R. Prescott

Journal of Academic Ophthalmology

Background: Simulation-based training has emerged as a valuable tool in ophthalmology education, offering a risk free and structured environment in which trainees can develop clinical skills prior to direct patient care; however, rigorous validation is essential to ensure its educational utility and effectiveness.

Purpose: To assess the construct and face validity of the Eyesi Slit Lamp simulator’s optic nerve and gonioscopy modules.

Methods: Medical students, ophthalmology residents, and attendings were recruited for this prospective study at NYU Langone Health using a consecutive sampling approach. To assess construct validity, participants completed optic nerve and gonioscopy modules on the …

Clinical Appropriateness Of Chatgpt-4.0 And Chatgpt-4.0-Mini For Patient-Facing Ophthalmic Procedure Information, Nicholas Joseph Deluca, Belen Wertheimer, Soumil Prasad, Matthew Mcsoley, Piero Carletti, Zubair Ansari

Journal of Academic Ophthalmology

Background: Patients increasingly turn to large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, for medical guidance, yet their reliability in ophthalmology remains understudied. Prior work has addressed readability and patient handout generation, but a comprehensive evaluation of ChatGPT’s procedural accuracy is lacking.

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy, clinical appropriateness, and readability of ChatGPT-4.0 and ChatGPT-4.0-mini in responding to patient-centered questions about six common ophthalmologic procedures.

Methods: In March 2025, a cross-sectional qualitative study was conducted using standardized questions across five domains (indications, alternatives, procedural steps, risks, and recovery) for six ophthalmologic procedures: intravitreal injection, selective laser trabeculoplasty, YAG …

Tolkien’S Medievalism In Ruins: The Function Of Relics And Ruins In Middle-Earth (2025) Edited By Nick Katsiadas And Carl Sell, Deborah Sabo

Journal of Tolkien Research

Book review, by Deborah Sabo, of Tolkien’s Medievalism in Ruins: The Function of Relics and Ruins in Middle-earth (2025) edited by Nick Katsiadas and Carl Sell

Who Betrayed France?, André Marty

Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements

No abstract provided.

Socialism And Radicalism, Edward Bibbons Aveling

Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements

No abstract provided.

Pacific Coast Longshoremen's Strike Of 1934

Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements

No abstract provided.

The Tactics Of Communism

Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements

No abstract provided.

Donald R. Richberg's Story: The Mexican Oil Seizure, Donald Randall Richberg

Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements

No abstract provided.

Destruction Of An Army : First Campaign In Libya, Sept. 1940 - Feb. 1941, Great Britain. War Office.

Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements

No abstract provided.

The Economic And Financial Life Of The World, League Of Nations.

Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements

No abstract provided.

A New Utopia Called A League-For-A-Living

Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements

No abstract provided.

The Propaganda Of Socialism. Report To The National Congress Of The Socialist Party, Held May 15, 1910. Submitted By M. Hillquit., Morris Hillquit

Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements

No abstract provided.

La Russia, Paese Libero, Pacifico E Felice, Giulio Cerreti

Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements

No abstract provided.

L'Organisation De La C.G.T. Et Du Mouvement Syndical, Robert Bothereau

Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements

No abstract provided.

Protect The National Labor Relations Act! : Facts And Figures On The Act, The Board, And Their Achievements, Labor's Non-Partisan League

Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements

No abstract provided.

Unemployment And The Land, William Richard Lester

Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements

No abstract provided.

Are You Ready For World War Iii, Waverley Root

Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements

No abstract provided.

Taxes Who Pays Who Benefits, A.R. Onda

Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements

No abstract provided.

No Gestapo In America, Hugh De Lacy

Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements

No abstract provided.

Pittsburgh Plus: A Comprehensive And Concise Treatise Upon The Notable Steel-Pricing Controversy, The Most Important Industrial Dispute Of The Day, Presenting Fully The Claims And Arguments Of Both Sides, Frank Emerich

Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements

No abstract provided.

Guide For Party Functionaries: Keep And Refer To When Confronted With Membership Problems., Communist Party Of The United States Of America

Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements

No abstract provided.

The German Use Of Unemployment Insurance Funds For Works Purposes, E.B. Mittelman

Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements

No abstract provided.