Interaction Between Removable Partial Denture Use And Number Of Natural Teeth On Health-Related Quality Of Life In Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study, Pai-Shien Liao, Chia-Hsuan Chou, Ya-Xin Zheng, Jiiang-Huei Jeng, Wan-Chuen Liao, Ying-Fang Chen

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: The compensatory benefit of removable partial dentures (RPDs) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) depends on the number of natural teeth. This study aimed to evaluate the interaction between RPD use and number of natural teeth on HRQoL, measured by EuroQoL 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ-5D-5L) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study included 410 older adults. Dental status, including the number of natural teeth and the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index, and RPD use were assessed. Participants were categorized into three groups (0-9, 10-19, and ≥ 20 natural teeth). HRQoL was measured using the …

Anemia, Hematinic Deficiencies, Hyperhomocysteinemia, And Serum Gastric Parietal Cell Antibody Positivity In Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis Patients With Iron Deficiency, Yi-Ping Wang, Yu-Hsueh Wu, Yi-Pang Lee, Julia Yu-Fong Chang, Andy Sun, Chun-Pin Chiang

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Our previous study found that 101 of 430 recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) patients have iron deficiency (ID). This study assessed whether all RAS patients with ID (so-called ID/RAS patients) had iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and evaluated whether the ID/RAS patients had significantly higher frequencies of anemia, hematinic deficiencies, hyperhomocysteinemia, and serum gastric parietal cell antibody (GPCA) positivity than healthy control subjects.

Materials and methods: The blood hemoglobin (Hb) and serum iron, vitamin B12, folic acid, homocysteine, and GPCA levels in 101 ID/RAS patients and 430 healthy control subjects were measured and compared.

Results: We found that …

Universal Coverage But Unequal Access: An Area-Level Statistical And Policy Analysis Of Taiwan’S Dental Workforce, Chien-Yang Yeh, Shih-Hsien Yang, Wei-Chia Su, Hsin-Hu Chen, Wei-Chin Hsu, Su-Feng Chen

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Universal health insurance coverage does not necessarily ensure equitable access to dental care. This study examined Taiwan’s dental workforce distribution using area-level statistical analysis and interpreted the findings through an oral health equity perspective.

Materials and methods: Publicly available county/city-level data on practicing dentists in Taiwan were analyzed. Dentist density was calculated as dentists per 10,000 population. Geographic variation was assessed using descriptive statistics, z-scores, quartile classification, highest-to-lowest ratio, coefficient of variation, and population-weighted Gini coefficient. Group differences were compared by geographic classification using Welch’s t-test, Mann–Whitney U test, Hedges’ g, and Cliff’s delta. Findings were further …

Routine Dental Scaling And Reduced Risk Of Serious Infections In Individuals With Moderate-To-Severe Cerebral Palsy: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study, Li-Wei Ou-Yang, Yu-Tung Huang, Ya-Ting Chang, Hsin-Mao Hsu, Shih-Hao Chang, Chia-Ling Wu, Tsung-Chieh Yao

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/ purpose: Individuals with moderate-to-severe cerebral palsy (CP) are highly susceptible to serious infections. Oral biofilms may serve as reservoirs for pathogenic microorganisms, yet the impact of professional oral healthcare on systemic infection risk in this population remains unclear. This study investigated the association between routine dental scaling and the risk of serious infections and infection-related mortality among individuals with moderate-to-severe CP.

Materials and methods: This nationwide, population-based cohort study used data from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database and National Death Registry (2009–2019). Individuals with moderate-to-severe CP were categorized into a routine dental scaling group (≥1 scaling annually for …

Artificial Intelligence Assisted Multitask Framework For Dental Detection And Root Canal Filling Assessment On Periapical Radiographs, Chia-Lin Hsu, Li Wei Ou-Yang, Chih-Hao Chang, Yuan-Jin Lin, Po-Lin Huang, Kai-Syun Chiu, Heng-Chia Chen, Tsung-Yi Chen, Jia-Ching Wang, Wei-Chen Tu, Patricia Angela R. Abu

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Accurate evaluation of root canal filling (RCF) quality is paramount for successful endodontic outcomes. However, conventional radiographic interpretation is often subject to subjective variability. This study developed an automated, multitask artificial intelligence (AI) framework using YOLO11 and advanced image pre-processing to identify multiple dental structures and provide quantitative assessments of RCF quality on periapical radiographs.

Materials and methods: We proposed an image enhancement pipeline, which integrate intensity normalization, white top-hat transform, and linear contrast stretching to refine dental contours for training the YOLO11 multitask model. The framework simultaneously detected primary, permanent, dental crowns, and RCFs. Quantitative metrics, including …

Optimizing Light-Curing Protocols For Clear Aligner Attachments: A Comparison Of Bulk-Fill And Conventional Resin Composites, Narudol Treethanya, Nuntinee Nanthavanich Saengfai, Choltacha Harnirattisai, Pongstorn Putongkam, Chia-Tze Kao, Peerapong Santiwong

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: The durability of clear aligner attachments is closely related to the polymerization and surface hardness of resin composites, which may be affected by extended light-curing distance during clinical procedures. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different light-curing times at a 10 mm distance on the surface hardness and polymerization efficiency of conventional and bulk-fill resin composites.

Materials and methods: A total of 120 disk-shaped specimens (5 mm diameter, 2 mm thickness) were fabricated from six resin composites (two conventional and four bulk-fill). Specimens were light-cured for 20, 30, or 40 seconds using a low-intensity LED curing …

The Bridge To Practice: A Regulatory Analysis Of Pre-Licensure Dental Training In Taiwan, Wei-Chia Su, Hsin-Hu Chen, Ching-Yu Yen, Hsun-Yu Liu, Yuan-Der Huang, Jian-Hong Yu

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Pre-licensure dental clinical training in Taiwan is commonly viewed as an educational issue, yet it is also shaped by regulation. Eligibility for the dentist licensing examination still requires graduation, completion of internship, and possession of a diploma, whereas lawful practice requires separate practice registration and a practice license. This study examined whether the current training framework is aligned with the legal status and clinical responsibility assigned to dental students.

Materials and methods: A qualitative regulatory analysis was conducted using current official legal and policy documents in Taiwan, including the Physicians Act, the Medical Care Act, staged examination rules, the …

Active Learning-Assisted Deep Learning For Automated Maxillary Sinus Segmentation In Dental Cone-Beam Computed Tomography, Hsuan Chen, Khoa Dang Nguyen, Chih-Ling Chang, Hong Thi-Phuong Doan, Ya-Chu Chang, Thantrira Porntaveetus, Guang Hong, Wen-Liang Lo, Ding-Han Wang, Ming-Lun Hsu

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Accurate automated segmentation of the maxillary sinus in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans is crucial for dental implant planning, sinus lift procedures, and pathological assessment, yet there remains a notable lack of publicly available models and datasets for this task. This study developed and evaluated a deep learning model for automated maxillary sinus segmentation using an active learning approach to minimize annotation effort while achieving high accuracy.

Materials and methods: We utilized 249 CBCT scans from the publicly available CTooth+ and STS-Tooth datasets. Ground truth annotations were generated through semi-automated segmentation in 3D Slicer with validation by five expert …

Do Anatomy, Physiology And Biochemistry Subject Scores Predict Future Academic Performance? A Longitudinal Analysis Of Undergraduate Dental Students Across All Professional Years., Shahid Akhtar Akhund, Hassan Shaibah

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Basic sciences subjects including anatomy, physiology and biochemistry form the foundation of the Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) programme. However, empirical evidence linking the basic science academic performance to sustained academic achievement across subsequent clinical years remains limited. This is true for low and medium sized economies like Pakistan.

Materials and methods: A retrospective, quantitative, and longitudinal cohort study was conducted.  The deidentified data from a representative dental college was used. Basic science examination scores from the 1^st professional year examination served as predictor variables. The examination scores across 14 subjects served as outcome variables. Pearson product-moment correlations …

Deer Antler Tip Cell Culture Supernatant Restores Endothelial Barrier Function And Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2/Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Nitric Oxide Signaling Impaired By Porphyromonas Gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide, Ming-Shou Hsieh, Ya-Ting Yang, Chin-Sheng Huang, Ting-Yi Renn, Chuen-Kai Wang, Chia-Chen Hsu, Wei Jen Chang, Yu-Sheng Chang

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose:

Periodontal inflammation contributes to endothelial dysfunction, but effective biologically active strategies for vascular protection remain limited. This study investigated whether deer antler tip cell culture supernatant could rescue Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (Pg-LPS) induced endothelial injury and restore endothelial homeostasis.

Materials and methods:

Velvet antler tissues from the tip, shaft, and burr regions were examined histologically and used for primary cell isolation. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were exposed to Pg-LPS or indirectly co-cultured with LPS-stimulated THP-1-derived macrophages. Deer antler tip cell culture supernatant was subsequently applied to these endothelial inflammatory models, and its protective effects were …

Heat Shock Factor 1 Promotes Cell Migration And Predicts Poor Prognosis In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Fang-Yu Wu, Hui-Hsin Ko, Wen-Ren Lin, Shih-Jung Cheng

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose

Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) regulates heat shock proteins and stress-responsive genes and has been implicated in tumor progression and poor prognosis in several malignancies. However, the clinicopathological significance and biological role of HSF1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unclear. This study investigated HSF1 expression in OSCC tissues, its association with clinicopathological parameters and survival, and its functional role in OSCC cell migration.

Materials and methods

HSF1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining in 80 OSCC specimens and 20 normal oral mucosa samples. HSF1 immunoreactivity was quantified using the labeling index (LI). Associations between HSF1 LI and …

Evaluation Of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (Rag) With Gpt-4o For Maxillofacial Prosthodontics Clinical Questions, Vinsensia Launardo, Merve Koseoglu, Lucky Susanto, Michael Kase, Amanda Colebeck, Heidi Huber, Maribeth Krzesinski, Derry Wijaya, Muhammad Ruslin, Alvin Gerard Wee, Heng-Li Huang, Lih-Jyh Fuh, Cortino Sukotjo

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Large language models (LLMs) offer promising education and clinical decision support to help address the global shortage of maxillofacial prosthodontists. To overcome the lack of source traceability in base LLMs, this study evaluated a retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) architecture for answering complex clinical questions.

Materials and methods: An expert panel consisting of five maxillofacial prosthodontists selected 15 high-complexity clinical questions. Responses were generated using base GPT-4o and a naive RAG-GPT-4o model built with domain-specific literatures. Outputs were evaluated across five parameters using a 5-point Likert scale and analyzed via Mann-Whitney U tests.

Results: No statistically significant differences …

Runt-Related Transcription Factor 2 Transcriptionally Represses Sirtuin 1 To Regulate Osteoclastogenesis And Tooth Eruption, Jie Li, Changqing Yan, Xinyi Sun, Chenying Zhang, Xiaozhe Wang, Yang Liu, Shuguo Zheng

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD), caused by Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) haploinsufficiency, features delayed tooth eruption. Although impaired osteoclastogenesis contributes to eruption failure, the direct molecular mechanisms linking RUNX2 deficiency to osteoclast dysfunction remain elusive. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a critical regulator of osteoclastogenesis; however, whether it serves as a downstream effector of RUNX2 remains unexplored. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanistic link between RUNX2 and SIRT1 in regulating osteoclast differentiation and tooth eruption.

Materials and methods: Tooth eruption and osteoclast differentiation were assessed by micro-computed tomography and histological analysis in Runx2^+/- mice. Chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative polymerase chain …

Prediction Of Adequate Alveolar Ridge Contours For Dental Implant Placement Using An Artificial Intelligence-Based Algorithm, Hao-Chieh Chang, Shan-Pin Pan, Cheng-Liang Wu, Wei-Chan Hsu, Yi-Chun Weng, Po-Chun Chang

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Accurate prediction of ridge contour following ridge augmentation is an integral part of planning dental implant therapy. This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithm to predict adequate alveolar ridge contours for accommodating implants based on preoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images using a deep learning (DL) approach.

Materials and methods: A total of 96 mandibular CBCT images with minor and major defects were used, virtual implants with adequate ridge contours were added, and a U-Net 2.5D model was used for DL training.

Results: The results revealed that the predicted ridge contours achieved Dice Similarity Coefficients of …

Biological Performance Enhancement Of Ni-Free Zr-Based Bulk Metallic Glass For Dental Implants Via Nitrogen Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation, Hsun-Miao Huang, Ying-Sui Sun, Ya-Lin Huang, Kai-Yi Lin, Thantrira Porntaveetus, Thanaphum Osathanon, Wei-Cheng Chen, Her-Hsiung Huang

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Improving the biocompatibility of bulk metallic glass (BMG) alloys is critical for expanding their applications in biomedical fields, particularly in dental implants. This study systematically investigated the suitability of nitrogen plasma immersion ion implantation (NPIII)-treated Zr-based BMG alloy for next-generation dental implant applications, focusing on protein adsorption, platelet responses, and cell behavior.

Materials and methods: NPIII was employed as a surface modification approach to enhance the biological performance of a Ni-free Zr₆₂.₅Cu₂₂.₅Fe₅Al₁₀ BMG alloy. The effects of NPIII treatment on surface characteristics, including crystallinity, chemical composition, layer thickness, roughness, and hydrophilicity, were comprehensively analyzed. Protein adsorption …

Prognostic Impact Of The Preoperative Naples Prognostic Score On Overall And Progression-Free Survival In Surgically Treated Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study From A Taiwanese Medical Center, Pei-Lun Hsueh, Yu-Hsuan Li, Cheng-Yu Yang, Gu-Jiun Lin, Yuan-Wu Chen, Wei-Chin Chang

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Systemic inflammation and nutritional status are key determinants of cancer progression and survival. The Naples prognostic score (NPS), integrating nutritional and inflammatory biomarkers, has shown prognostic value in cancers, however its significance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unclear. This study evaluated the prognostic value of NPS in patients with OSCC undergoing curative surgery. Materials and methods: This retrospective cohort study included 334 patients with OSCC who underwent surgery at a Taiwanese medical center between 2002 and 2015. Preoperative serum albumin, total cholesterol, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio were used to calculate NPS. Patients were categorized …

Correlation Between Preoperative Mandibular Restriction And Functional Outcomes After Arthroscopic Discopexy For Temporomandibular Joint Internal Derangement, Yen-Hung Lin Arthur, Chih-Hua Yeh, Ying-An Chen, Hui-Hsin Ko

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Arthroscopic discopexy is an established treatment for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) internal derangement, yet its functional benefit in patients with restricted mouth opening remains unclear. This study evaluate whether arthroscopic discopexy improves mouth opening and pain in patients with restricted mandibular mobility (maximum mouth opening [MMO] < 35 mm).

Materials and methods: This retrospective study included 46 patients (58 joints) with preoperative MMO < 35 mm who underwent TMJ arthroscopic discopexy between January 2023 and December 2024. MMO, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores, and MRI-confirmed disc repositioning success were compared preo- and postoperatively using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. MMO improvement was analyzed by severity band with multiple linear regression to assess confounders and sensitivity analysis excluding bilateral cases.

Results: MMO increased from 28.7 ± 4.1 mm to 34.2 ± 3.9 mm (P < 0.001), with a mean improvement of +5.5 mm (95% CI: +4.2 to +6.8). VAS decreased from 3.81 ± 2.93 to 0.18 ± 0.89 (P < 0.001). A dose–response relationship was observed: patients with MMO 20–24 mm gained +11.0 mm, those with 25–29 mm gained +7.5 mm, and those with 30–34 mm gained +2.7 mm. Preoperative MMO remained the only significant predictor after adjusting for confounders (B = −0.812, P < 0.001). Disc repositioning was achieved in 75.9% of joints; 55.2% achieved postoperative MMO ≥ 35 mm.

Conclusion: Arthroscopic discopexy produces significant clinically improvements in mouth opening and pain in patients with restricted mandibular mobility, with the greatest benefit in …

Effects Of 850-Nm Light-Emitting Diode Photobiomodulation On Pain Intensity And Dentin Sialoprotein Levels During Canine Distalization: A Randomized Controlled Trial., Thanh Thuy-Nhat Cao, Anh Ho-Quynh Nguyen, Hung Trong Hoang, Tham Dong Khac, Phuc Hoai Le, Tu Trinh Hk, Kieu-Minh Le, Diem Truong

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose

Light-emitting diode-based photobiomodulation (LED PBM) potentially reduces pain and root resorption risk in orthodontics. This study evaluated 850-nm LED PBM effects on pain and dentin sialoprotein (DSP) levels during canine distalization.

Materials and methods

This single-blind, parallel-group randomized controlled trial included 16 orthodontic patients (8 per group). Participants were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either an active LED group or a sham control group. Pain intensity was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) at 0, 24, and 48 hours following canine distalization at four consecutive monthly visits (T₁-T₄) and expressed as the …

Significantly Higher Frequencies Of Anemia, Vitamin B12 Deficiency, And Hyperhomocysteinemia In Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis Patients With Macrocytosis, Yu-Hsueh Wu, Yi-Ping Wang, Yi-Pang Lee, Julia Yu-Fong Chang, Andy Sun, Chun-Pin Chiang

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Macrocytosis is defined as having the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) ≥ 100 fL. This study evaluated whether 14 recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) patients with macrocytosis (macrocytosis/RAS patients) had significantly higher frequencies of anemia, hematinic deficiencies, hyperhomocysteinemia, and serum gastric parietal cell antibody (GPCA) positivity than 430 healthy control subjects or 430 RAS patients.

Materials and methods: Complete blood count, serum iron, vitamin B12, folic acid, homocysteine, and GPCA levels in 14 macrocytosis/RAS patients, 430 RAS patients, and 430 healthy control subjects were measured and compared.

Results: We found that 92.9%, 14.3%, 85.7%, 0.0%, 85.7%, and 35.7% of 14 macrocytosis/RAS …

The Association Between Dental Prophylaxis And Diabetes Outcomes: A 15-Year Cohort Study, Hsueh-Fen Chen, Shih-Feng Weng, Ju-Hui Wu, Mei-Yueh Lee, Hui-Min Hsieh, Yu-Ting Huang, Yi-Cai Liu

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Periodontal disease and diabetes share inflammatory pathways. Dental prophylaxis (DP) is effective in preventing periodontal inflammation; however, its association with diabetes outcomes remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the association between DP intensity and mortality and diabetes-related complications among adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database (2005–2022). Adults aged 18–70 years with incident type 2 diabetes in 2007 were identified, with 2005-2006 as the washout period. Participants were followed from 2008 until death or December 31, 2022. Annual DP intensity …

Changes Of Rna Expression In Aging Periodontal Ligament Cells, Su Kang Kim, Ju Ri Ye, Gyutae Kim, Ju Yeon Ban, Sang Wook Kang

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Aging is a major risk factor for periodontal disease and is associated with impaired tissue homeostasis and regenerative capacity. The periodontal ligament (PDL) plays a central role in periodontal integrity; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying PDL cell aging remain incompletely understood.

Materials and methods: In this study, we established an in vitro passage-dependent cellular aging model using human periodontal ligament fibroblasts serially passaged from early to late stages. Transcriptomic changes associated with aging were analyzed using RNA sequencing, followed by principal component analysis, hierarchical clustering, pathway enrichment, and protein–protein interaction network analyses.

Results: Global transcriptomic profiling revealed that PDL …

Formulation Modification Of Silver Diamine Fluoride To Improve Clinical Handling And Dentin Tubule Occlusion, Liangyu Chang, Yutzu Wu, Powen Lu, Iwen Chen, Weifang Lee, Chunche Lin, Renjei Chung, Poonam Negi, Naichia Teng, Jenchang Yang

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is clinically effective for treating dentinal hypersensitivity and arresting caries, but its poor clinical handling due to low viscosity remain concerns. This study aimed to enhance the rheological properties of SDF by incorporating sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) to improve its clinical manageability. Materials and methods: A 39.34 wt% SDF solution (TMU-SDF) was prepared via wet processing. Its matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibition was evaluated using a fluorogenic MMP-1 assay, and antibacterial activity was tested via an inhibition zone assay. Biocompatibility was assessed using a modified cytotoxicity-agar diffusion test and a skin sensitization test. Rheological properties, including flow …

An Artificial Intelligence Assisted Framework For Automated Quantified Root Canal Curvature Measurement On Periapical Radiographs, Ming-Yi Chen, Shih-Lun Chen, Yu-Jen Chang, Yuan-Jin Lin, Chiung-An Chen, Tsung-Yi Chen, Kuo-Chen Li, Wei-Chen Tu, Patricia Angela R. Abu

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Root canal curvature is a complex anatomical variation that complicates endodontic treatments. Traditionally, dentists rely on two-dimensional periapical radiographs (PA) and manual methods to estimate curvature angles. However, this conventional approach is highly time-consuming and subjective, often leading to inconsistent measurements.

Materials and methods: This study aims to develop a fully automated, objective framework for precise angular measurement and severity grading of root canal curvature. The YOLO26n-seg model was employed to segment roots and classify single- or multi-rooted teeth from PA. Furthermore, we proposed an image processing algorithm that standardized orientation, extracted centerlines, and applied three-point circle fitting …

ผลของสัดส่วนอัตราไหลเข้าต่ออัตราไหลเวียนกลับที่มีต่อประสิทธิภาพ การบำบัดน้ำเสียชุมชนด้วยระบบบำบัดไร้อากาศแบบอีจีเอสบี, สุชัญญา ทองเครือ, ชวลิต รัตนธรรมสกุล

Applied Environmental Research

งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาประสิทธิภาพของระบบบำบัดไร้อากาศแบบอีจีเอสบีในการบำบัดน้ำเสียชุมชน ประเภทอาคารเรียน จากอาคารเจริญวิศวกรรม คณะ วิศวกรรมศาสตร์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย พบว่าเมื่อความเร็วไหลขึ้นคงที่เท่ากับ 4.5 ม./ชม. และเปลี่ยนแปลงสัดส่วนอัตราไหลเข้าต่ออัตราไหลเวียนกลับเป็น 1:3, 1:7, 1:1 และ 1:15 ระบบมีประสิทธิภาพในการกำจัดซีโอดีเฉลี่ยเท่ากับ 69.2, 72.6, 76.3 และ 74.6% ตามลำดับ ประสิทธิภาพในการกำจัดบีโอดีเฉลี่ยเท่ากับ 72.7, 73.5, 76.6 และ 75.6% ตามลำดับ และประสิทธิภาพในการกำจัดของแข็งแขวนลอยเฉลี่ยเท่ากับ 74.0, 77.4, 81.7 และ 73.3% ตามลำดับและคุณภาพน้ำทิ้งออกจากระบบอีจีเอสบีผ่านมาตรฐานน้ำทิ้งอาคาร

การกำจัดโครเมียมในน้ำเสียจากโรงงานฟอกหนังโดยวิธีการดูดซับทางชีวภาพ ด้วยพืชใบเลี้ยงคู่และพืชใบเลี้ยงเดี่ยว, พันธวัศ สัมพันธ์พานิช

Applied Environmental Research

การทดสอบความสามารถของการใช้วัชพืชที่พบในประเทศไทย เป็นการศึกษาการใช้เทคโนโลยีในการพื้นฟูสภาพพื้นที่ที่ปนเปื้อนโครเมียมในน้ำ การศึกษาเริ่มด้วยการสำรวจบริเวณพื้นที่โรงงานฟอกหนัง เพื่อคัดเลือกวัชพืชที่มีความสามารถบนพื้นฐานการสะสมโครเมียมสูงสุด วัชพืช 4 ชนิดที่ คัดเลือกใช้ในการศึกษาสามารถแบ่งออกได้เป็น 2 กลุ่มคือ 1) กลุ่มพืชใบเลี้ยงคู่ ได้แก่ ต้นก้างปลา (Phyllanthus reticulates) และต้นขลู่ (Pluchea indica) และ 2) กลุ่มพืชใบเลี้ยงเดี่ยว ได้แก่ หญ้าข้าวนก (Echinochloa colonum) และหญ้าแพรก (Cynodon dactylon) ซึ่งวัชพืชดังกล่าวที่ ใช้ในการศึกษาครั้งนี้ ได้เก็บรวบรวมมาจากพื้นที่ที่ไม่มีการปนเปื้อนของโลหะหนักโดยเฉพาะการปนเปื้อนจากโครเมียมในพื้นที่อำเภอบางปะหัน จังหวัดพระนครศรีอยุธยา และนำมาทำให้อยู่ในรูปของมวลชีวภาพ และทำการศึกษาบนแบตซ์ไอโซเทอม และการศึกษาบนคอลัมน์ โดยใช้น้ำเสียสังเคราะห์ที่มีความเข้มข้นของเฮกซะวาเลนท์โครเมียมเท่ากับ 50 มก./ล. ในการศึกษาพบว่า ใบของต้นก้างปลา ต้นขลู่ หญ้าข้าวนก และ หญ้าแพรก มีความสามารถในการดูดซับเฮกซะวาเลนท์โครเมียมสูงสุดเท่ากับ 53, 45, 37 และ 34 มก./ก.มวลชีวภาพ ที่ pH 2 ณ เวลาสมดุลที่ 24 ชม. นอกจากนี้ยังพบว่า ใบของมวลชีวภาพของวัชพืชทั้ง 4 ชนิดมี ความสามารถในการดูดซับโครเมียมดีที่สุด โดยเฉพาะใบของต้นขลู่มีความสามารถในการดูดซับเฮกซะวาเลนท์โครเมียมสูงสุด เท่ากับ 51.3 มก./ก.มวลชีวภาพที่ pH 2 ณ เวลาสมดุลที่ 102 ชม. อัตราการไหล 1.3 มล./นาที

Property Of Lignite Fly Ash As A Substitute Of Lime Materials And Ammonia Reduction In Water, Chumlong Arunlertaree

Applied Environmental Research

The present study investigates the use of lignite fly ash as a chemical to improve water quality in place of liming material. Two experiments were performed with freshwater and synthetic seawater. Improvement of water quality were measured by using pH and ammonia. The neutralizing value and the application rate of fly ash were studied. The results of the study indicate that the neutralizing value of fly ash is 70%, comparing to standard pure CaCO₃ 100%. The optimal dosage of fly ash to remove ammonia was 1 g/L. The maximum ammonia removal efficiency at 24 hours in freshwater, 30 ppt, …

การศึกษาอัตราส่วนความเข้มข้นก๊าซคาร์บอนมอนอกไซด์ ภายในและภายนอกอาคาร, อรุบล โชติพงศ์

Applied Environmental Research

ในการศึกษาอัตราส่วนความเข้มข้น ก๊าซคาร์บอนมอนอกไซด์ภายในและภายนอก อาคาร ได้ทำการศึกษาจากสถานีตรวจวัดที่ อยู่ในบริเวณเส้นทางจราจร เพื่อเปรียบเทียบความเข้มข้นของก๊าซคาร์บอนมอนอกไซด์ภายในและภายนอกอาคารบริเวณจุดที่อยู่ใกล้เส้นทางคมนาคม ในช่วงเวลา 8.00-16.00 น. ซึ่งเป็นช่วงเวลาที่ก๊าซคาร์บอนมอนอกไซด์มีความเข้มข้นสูง ผลการตรวจวัด พบว่าอัตราส่วนความเข้มข้นก๊าซคาร์บอนมอนอกไซด์ภายในและภายนอกอาคารทั้ง 4 สถานีที่ทำการศึกษา มีค่าเฉลี่ยอยู่ระหว่าง 0.43-0.77 โดยสถานีตรวจวัดบริเวณวัดชัยมงคลที่ตั้งอยู่บนถนนพระราม 1 ซึ่งเป็นถนนแคบมีอาคารสูงเรียงรายอยู่ทั้งสองฟากถนน และมีปริมาณการจราจรประมาณ 59,000 คัน/ชั่วโมง มีอัตราส่วนเข้มข้นก๊าซ คาร์บอนมอนอกไซด์ภายใน/ภายนอกอาคาร เท่ากับ 0.65 สถานีตรวจวัดที่ศูนย์บริการสาธารณสุข 42 บางมด เป็นอาคารที่อยู่ไกลจากถนนพระราม 2 ซึ่งเป็นถนนที่กว้าง มี อาคารไม่หนาแน่นและมีปริมาณการจราจร ประมาณ 88,000 คัน/ชั่วโมง มีอัตราส่วนก๊าซคาร์บอนมอนอกไซด์ภายใน/ภายนอกอาคารเท่ากับ 0.48 ขณะที่สถานีตรวจวัดที่มูลนิธิคนตาบอดแห่งประเทศไทย ซึ่งตั้งอยู่บริเวณสี่แยกตึกชัย มีถนนพระราม 6 และ ถนนราชวิถีขนาบทั้งสองด้าน และมีทางด่วนคร่อมทับบนถนนพระราม 6 อีกชั้นหนึ่ง มีปริมาณการจราจรผ่านบริเวณนี้ทั้งหมด ประมาณ 136,395 คัน/ชั่วโมง พบว่ามีอัตราส่วนความเข้มข้นก๊าซคาร์บอนมอนอกไซด์ ภายใน/ภายนอกอาคารเท่ากับ 0.77 ซึ่งสูง กว่าทุกบริเวณที่ทำการตรวจวัด ส่วนสถานีตรวจวัดที่โรงเรียนปวโรฬารซึ่งมีปริมาณการจราจรประมาณ 63,700 คัน/ชั่วโมง มีอัตราส่วนความเข้มข้นก๊าซคาร์บอนมอนอกไซด์ภายใน/ภายนอกเท่ากับ 0.43 ซึ่งน้อยกว่าทุกสถานี แม้ว่าสถานีตรวจวัดอยู่ห่างจากถนนเพียง 1 เมตรก็ตาม แต่มีรั้ว โรงเรียนที่สูงกั้นระหว่างถนนกับอาคารโรงเรียนจึงทำให้การแพร่กระจายของก๊าซคาร์บอนมอนอกไซด์เข้าสู่บริเวณภายในได้น้อยลง และจากการวิเคราะห์ความแปรปรวน (Analysis of Varience) ของความเข้มข้น ก๊าซคาร์บอนมอนอกไซด์ไนทุกสถานีที่ทำการ ตรวจวัดพบว่า ความเข้มข้นก๊าซคาร์บอนมอ นอกไซด์โดยเฉลี่ยมีความแตกต่างกันระหว่างภายในและภายนอกอาคาร แต่ไม่มีความ แตกต่างกันอย่างมีนัยสำคัญระหว่างช่วง เวลาที่ตรวจวัด

The Development Of Environmental Education Model "Kapp" Concerning Natural Energy With Evaluation Model Cippif Via Mixed Media, Chaiyuth Laohachanakoor

Applied Environmental Research

The objective of the research was to develop the environmental education in knowledge, attitude, practice and participation on model “KAPP” concerning the natural energy with the evaluation model “CIPPIF” via mixed media. This research is the semi -experiential research by using three specific media channels; television (Thai Army Channel 5), radio (Bangkok F.M 101.0 MHz.) and internet (http:/www. deptofeducaton.net). The production of material was produced and broadcasted according to cost and nature of media.
The audiences from the television, radio, and internet were randomly selected to join a participation activity seminar which was hold at the end of the research. …

Teaching Digital Evangelism And Web Design As Redemptive Work For The Women Of The Northeastern Conference Of Seventh-Day Adventists, Brenda Michele Rhyne

Doctor of Ministry Projects

Problem.

The COVID-19 pandemic eliminated thousands of jobs, including positions held by women within the Northeastern Conference of Seventh-day Adventists. Unemployment and underemployment may contribute to diminished self-esteem and adverse mental-health outcomes. The problem of unemployment and underemployment is not simply economic—it is theological. For women in the Northeastern Conference, the lack of an ordered pathway to explore technology-related fields as a career option represents both an economic and a spiritual loss. A course combining technical and evangelistic training may promote members' involvement in evangelistic initiatives (i.e., TMI) while simultaneously providing technological skills. Also, women who do not regularly use …

Fault Tolerant Adaptive Control Under Actuator Saturation For Robot Manipulators, D. J. López-Araujo, N. Alvarez-Jarquin, P. Borja, A. T. Becker

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

In practice, actuators inherently have natural limitations that are often overlooked by theoretical control strategies, such as bounded output and discrepancies between calculated and actual responses. Consequently, reliable control techniques must be employed to ensure safe and dependable operation. We propose an adaptive control law for global regulation in the case of partial loss of effectiveness due to input faults. The proposed control strategy maintains the system at the desired configuration while accounting for the physical limitations of the actuators. Additionally, it is suitable for dealing with unknown parameters in the vector of gravitational forces, making it robust to these …