Prevalence Of Oral Mucosal Lesions Among Smokers Based On Gender: A Bicentric Cross-Sectional Study In Egypt, Dalia Ghalwash, Fatheya Zahran

Dentistry

Abstract

Background

Smoking is a major risk factor for developing various types of oral mucosal lesions (OMLs), including benign and potentially malignant lesions. However, scarce data is available concerning gender differences regarding the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in smokers worldwide. Accordingly, this study assesses the prevalence and types of OMLs among male smokers compared to female smokers in an Egyptian population.

Methods

This hospital-based cross-sectional study included 300 male and 300 female smokers. All participants underwent a thorough case history review and a comprehensive clinical examination.

Results

The overall prevalence of oral lesions was significantly higher in males (75%) …

Six Decades Of Constant Change In Key Earth System Indicators, John Aber

Faculty Publications

Fifteen core indicators of global change and human impacts have been changing at an astonishingly constant rate for nearly 70 years.  Correlations among these indicators support the prevailing scientific understanding of climate change, and suggest how difficult it will be to change course, but there are two trends that, if continued, could lead to a stable global population and a carbon-neutral global economy.

Neuromuscular Adaptations Following Eight Weeks Of French Contrast Training In Elite Youth Football Players: Implications For Athletic Performance, Okan Demir, Tolga Altug, Christopher B. Taber, Mehmet Bayansalduz

Exercise Science Faculty Publications

Neuromuscular training is increasingly recognised for enhancing football performance and athletes’ capacity to tolerate the repetitive high-intensity demands of match play. The French Contrast Method (FCM) combines heavy resistance, plyometric, and ballistic exercises within a post-activation performance enhancement framework, yet evidence in elite youth players during the competitive season remains limited. This study examined the effects of an eight-week in-season FCM program on reactive strength, neuromuscular performance, maximal strength, anaerobic performance, and short-distance sprint ability. Twenty-eight elite male youth football players were randomly assigned to an experimental group (FCM plus regular football training; n = 14) or a control group …

Bridging The Gap Between Function-Based And Iddsi Standards In Dysphagia Care, Chien-Hui Cheng

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

No abstract provided.

A Narrative Review Of The Central Neural Control Of Swallowing And Its Implications For Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Kuo-Chang Wei, Tyng-Guey Wang, Ming-Yen Hsiao

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Swallowing is controlled by a distributed neural network spanning the brainstem central pattern generator, subcortical modulatory circuits, and cortical regions responsible for volitional planning and sensorimotor integration. Evidence from lesion studies, neuroimaging, and neurophysiology demonstrates that dysphagia arises from disruptions at different nodes of this network, producing lesion-specific impairment profiles rather than a uniform swallowing deficit. This network-based perspective has shifted rehabilitation from predominantly compensatory management toward mechanism-driven interventions aimed at restoring physiological function. Behavioral skill-training and resistance-based exercises harness motor learning and cortical plasticity, whereas neuromodulatory approaches—including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), pharyngeal electrical …

Experience And Barriers In Pediatric Dysphagia Rehabilitation: A Quantitative Survey Study, François-Xavier Brajot, Ai-Ju Wu, Pao-Chuan Torng

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Purpose: Despite an important need for health care services targeting pediatric dysphagia, there exist a number of barriers to doing so, including workforce competence. The current study surveyed practicing Speech-Language Pathologists to determine (1) the importance of pediatric dysphagia in their caseload, (2) the adequacy of existing educational resources, and (3) perceived barriers to providing quality care in Taiwan.

Methods: An anonymous survey was completed by Speech-Language Pathologists working in Taiwan. Responses were analyzed with respect to current work setting, experience, preparation, and perceived barriers.

Results: Survey results from 122 respondents indicated that the pediatric dysphagia caseload is unexpectedly low …

Dysphagia And Rehabilitation In Patients With Parkinson’S Disease, Jong Mi Park, Seo Yeon Yoon

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Dysphagia is one of the most clinically important complications of Parkinson's disease (PD). It impairs nutrition and quality of life and is closely linked to aspiration pneumonia, a leading cause of death in this population. It is often underrecognized, partly because subjective complaints underestimate the impairment found on objective testing, and partly because silent aspiration progresses without a protective cough. This review examines dysphagia in PD from a rehabilitation perspective, covering its pathophysiology, clinical features, assessment, and the evidence for rehabilitative interventions. Parkinsonian dysphagia arises from dopaminergic, non-dopaminergic, and peripheral mechanisms, and because it responds inconsistently to levodopa, rehabilitation has …

A Scoping Review Of Non-Instrumental Dysphagia Screening Tools: Building Flowcharts To Guide Tool Selection, Yu-Chun Chang, Ming-Jhuan Wang, Shu-Fen Siao, Yu-Juan Xu, Meng-Shan Wu, Tyng-Guey Wang, Cheryl Chia-Hui Chen

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Selecting an appropriate non-instrumental dysphagia screening tool is a complex process. This scoping review aimed to identify dysphagia screening tools with established reliability and validity, and to develop administrator-based flowcharts to guide tool selection across different clinical populations. A scoping review was conducted using studies identified in CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science. Our search was guided by five keywords: “dysphagia,” “deglutition,” “screening,” “test,” and “measure.” Original studies about the development and validation of non-instrumental dysphagia screening tools were selected. Six reviewers were involved in the review process, and at least two reviewers independently completed each step of …

Lgbtq People's Experiences With Crime, Victimization, And The Criminal Legal System, Vanessa R. Panfil

Sociology & Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

The ebb and flow of social control efforts aimed at LGBTQ people necessitate a thorough investigation into their experiences. This review of the literature is organized around four key themes that characterize LGBTQ people's experiences with crime, criminalization, victimization, and the criminal legal system—including police, courts, and carceral facilities. LGBTQ people experience excessive rates of arrest and incarceration and have higher rates of victimization, which illustrate disproportionality. Their experiences differ from those of their cisgender and heterosexual counterparts and are conditioned by age, race, class, gender, and sexual orientation, illustrating intersectionality. The two primary, interrelated mechanisms driving LGBTQ criminalization and …

Effects Of Differential Stress And Mental Health On Substance Use Among College Students, Avdi S. Avdija, Arif Akgul

Sociology & Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Substance use among college students is often seen as a coping mechanism for some students who are prone to extreme stress, depression, or anxiety. Multiple forms of stress become the leading factors that push students toward substance use. This study tests the effects of college stressors, depression, and anxiety on substance use among college students. The results are based on the data that were collected using a 101-item questionnaire administered to 302 college students at a public university in the Midwest U.S.A. Using Logistic Regression as the primary data analysis technique, the findings of this study show that social stressors …

Understanding Homicide Dynamics: The Role Of Victim-Offender Relationships And The Event Circumstances Across Demographic Groups, Avdi S. Avdija, Christian W. Gallagher, Devere D. Woods Jr., Arif Akgul

Sociology & Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

This study investigates how the victim-offender relationship relates to the circumstances under which homicides occur, with the main focus on variations within gender, race, and age categories. To achieve these research objectives, we analyzed over forty years of data from the FBI's Supplementary Homicide Reports (1976-2017), reported by the U.S. Law Enforcement Agencies. The findings that emerged in this study show that offenders are more likely to kill victims of the same gender when taking into account the victim-offender relationships. Furthermore, this study shows that black offenders are more likely to kill acquaintances and intimate partners whereas white offender demonstrated …