Digital Commons Network^™

Effect Of Zro2 Content And Oxide Additives On The Wear Resistance Of Pressureless-Sintered Si3n4 – Zro2 Composites, Kamol Traipanya, Thanakorn Wasanapiarnpong, Charusporn Mongkolkachit

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Silicon nitride (Si3N4) and zirconia (ZrO2) ceramics are well-known for their excellent wear resistance, high hardness, and high mechanical strength. This research focuses on the development and investigation of Si3N4–ZrO2 ceramic composites. Test specimens were fabricated by pressureless sintering at 1550-1650 oC for 2 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere, using SiO2, MgO, and Y2O3 as sintering additives. Density measurements indicated that the weight ratio of SiO2:MgO:Y2O3 at 3:3:5 promoted densification and improved with the addition of ZrO2 (3 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia). However, the hardness of Si3N4 containing 5 wt% ZrO2 was 14.63 GPa and showed a decreasing trend as the …

Investigating The Effects Of Lamno. On The Morphology, Structural And Optical Properties Of Epoxy-Based Plastic Scintillators, Yeni Febrianti, Airine Hijrah Handayani, Marzuki Naibaho, Phahul Zhemas Zul Nehan, Zulkarnain -, Arbi Dimyati, Budhy Kurniawan

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Plastic scintillators are widely used in radiation detection due to their low cost, fast response, and ease of fabrication, although their performace is often limited by low density, low atomic number, make them less efficient for applications requiring high-energy radiation. In this study, LaMnO3 was synthesized using the hydrothermal method and employed as a dopant to enhance the optical and scintillation properties of epoxy-based plastic scintillators. Structural, morphological, and optical characterizations of LaMnO3 were carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), UV-Vis and  photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The results confirm that …

Effect Of Mgo On Crawling And Physical Properties In Ceramic Glazes, Thongpanchang Timclub, Pathitta Anuraksombat, Thatree Muangkaew, Niti Yongvanich

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

This study attempted to seek and verify the scientific aspects responsible for crawling in ceramic glazes. The selected additive was magnesium oxide (MgO). The glazes were applied on porcelain biscuits and fired between 1100℃ and 1300℃. The degree of crawling was enhanced with increasing amount of MgO, which was accompanied by formation of forsterite (Mg2SiO4) as a major phase. Complete island separation was achieved with 10 wt% MgO with good wettability and shiny surface. The morphology of the glaze demonstrated this phase as small crystals within the glaze layer. Addition of MgO resulted in a continuous decrease in the thermal …

Enhancing Aqueous Solubility Of A Psoralen Derivative Via Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexation : In Silico And In Vitro Study, Gulzaib Basharat, Saba Ali, Pattharamon Chaikhun, Choosak Jaroenrit, Kuakarun Krusong, Thanthapatra Bunchuay, Tanatorn Khotavivattana, Thanyada Rungrotmongkol

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

N-(4-Bromobenzoyl)-8-methoxypsoralen-4-amine (BNB) is a psoralen derivative with potent cytotoxic activity against breast cancer cells but with limited pharmaceutical application and therapeutic potential due to its extremely low aqueous solubility. To overcome this limitation, β-cyclodextrin (βCD) and its derivatives dimethyl-βCD (DMβCD), hydroxypropyl-βCD (HPβCD), and sulfobutylether-βCD (SBEβCD) were investigated as carriers to enhance BNB's aqueous solubility via cyclodextrin inclusion complexation. A combined computational–experimental strategy was employed, integrating molecular docking, 500-ns all-atom molecular dynamics simulations in quintuplicate runs (2.5 µs in total), and experimental validation by phase solubility analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Docking and simulations revealed …

The Performance Of The Heat Affected Zone Of 9% Ni Steel Narrow Gap Joint Performed By The Gmaw Process With Rotating Electrode, Jorge Carlos Ferreira Jorge, Jeferson Frederico Monteiro Costa, Matheus Campolina Mendes, Luís Felipe Guimarães De Souza, Hiron Akira Yamada Magalhães, Leonardo Sales Araújo

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

This work investigates the mechanical properties and microstructural evolution of the heat-affected zone of 9% Ni steel narrow-gap welded joints produced by the GMAW process with a rotating electrode, since no literature on this subject is available. This process is an innovation of the GMAW process, which permits narrow gap welding because the circular motion of the electrode overcomes the main issue of the sidewall's lack of fusion observed in the conventional process. However, the rotation movement of the electric arc imposes a higher peak temperature at the heat affected zone, which can negatively affect the mechanical properties. The joints …

Synthesis And Characterization Of New Graft Copolymers Based On Ozonized Polyethylene: Comparative Approach Between Mass And Solution Grafting, Mostapha Karaoui, Samira Kharchouf, Houda El Yakoubi, Kaouthar Boumane, Mohammed Assouag

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

New graft copolymers were developed from low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) following an initial ozonation step to introduce reactive functional groups onto the polymer backbone. Among the two polymers, LDPE demonstrated superior susceptibility to ozonation, making it the preferred substrate for subsequent grafting. Grafting was then performed primarily on ozonized LDPE using various functional monomers, including acrylic acid (AA), 4-vinylpyridine (4VP), acrylonitrile (AN), chloromethylstyrene (CMS), as well as copolymers such as AA–vinylphosphonic acid (AA-co-VPA) and AN–vinylphosphonic acid (AN-co-VPA). Grafting was carried out using both solution and melt techniques. The resulting materials were characterized by elemental analysis and Fourier …

Enhanced Red Emission Of Gd2moo6:Eu Phosphor-In-Glass Embedded In Sio2-Teo2-Na2o-Bao Matrix For Solid-State Lighting, Patarawagee Yasaka, Winut Wongwan, Seubsakun Khondara, Jakrapong Kaewkhao

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Gd2MoO6:Eu3+ phosphor-in-glass (PIG) composites were synthesized by a microwave-assisted melting technique using a 50SiO2:20TeO2:15Na2O:15BaO glass matrix containing 0.00 wt% to 10.00 wt% phosphor. Their structural, optical, and luminescent properties were systematically investigated. X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of crystalline Gd2MoO6 phases, which became prominent at 5.00 wt% and 10.00 wt%, indicating partial crystallization within the glass network. The density and refractive index increased from 3.621 g∙cm‒3 to 3.774 g∙cm‒3 and 1.535 to 1.692 with higher phosphor loading, suggesting a more compact structure. Absorption spectra showed four characteristic Eu3+ bands at 464 nm, 534 nm, 2088 nm, and 2203 nm, while …

Hybrid Interface Effect Of G-C3n4/Zno Nanocomposites On The Photoelectrochemical Cathodic Protection Of 304 Stainless Steel In Chloride Solution, Htet Yadanar Soe, Thanate Na Wichean, Jularpar Sunttiprapar, Parichart Chaum, Gasidit Panomsuwan, Oratai Jongprateep, Ratchatee Techapiesancharoenkij

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The development of efficient and environmentally friendly corrosion protection systems for metals in aggressive environments has become a critical area of research, particularly for stainless steel used in marine and industrial applications. In this study, a series of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and zinc oxide (ZnO) composites with varying g-C3N4 weight ratios (10 wt% and 30 wt%), are integrated to form heterojunction structures with enhanced charge separation and interfacial activity. The g-C3N4/ ZnO (ZCN) composite thin films were prepared using a facile thermal mixing method and were characterized using XRD, SEM, BET, FTIR, UV-Vis, and PL to confirm their structural, …

Mechanical And Microstructural Characterization Of Tib2/Zro2 Reinforced Al5052 Nanocomposites For Structural Applications, Saumy Agarwal, Satnam Singh

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

This study investigates the fabrication and mechanical characterization of Al5052 composites reinforced with nanosized TiB2 and ZrO2 particles via stir casting. Al5052 was chosen for its high strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance, making it suitable for marine and automotive applications. The addition of hard ceramic reinforcements aimed to enhance mechanical properties without severely affecting ductility. Composite samples were tested as per ASTM standards. SEM analysis confirmed sound metallurgical bonding and generally uniform particle distribution. Density tests showed slight differences between theoretical and experimental values, with porosity generally increasing with reinforcement addition, attributed to particle agglomeration at higher loadings. Mechanical testing …

Green Synthesis And Optimized Annealing Temperature Effects On Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Mango Peel Extract, Supamas Wirunchit, Natchayaporn Sakulpeeb, Woradech Meedech, Sutee Chutipaijit, Wantana Koetniyom

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

This study presents the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) using mango peel extract (MgE) as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent. Phytochemical extraction was performed with deionized water, ethanol, and methanol for 1 h to 5 h, with deionized water at 4 h yielding the highest flavonoid content. Using zinc nitrate as a precursor, 25 mL of MgE successfully facilitated the synthesis of ZnO-NPs (ZnO-25MgE). It was found that annealing temperature at 400℃ for 6 h produced pure ZnO. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and field emission scanning electron microscopy …

The Effect Of Granule Composition On The Densification And Strength Of Two Different Compacted 92% Aluminas, Ryan Mccuiston, Kritkaew Somton

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

High-alumina (Al2O3) ceramics are an important, but sometimes overlooked industrial material. Two 92% alumina spray-dried granules, which contained different sintering aid compositions, were studied. The two alumina granules, called MT and JP, were die compacted to form bend bars and heated at temperatures from 200℃ to 1600℃. The effect of the sintering aid composition on the shrinkage, density, and fracture strength of samples were investigated. It was found that MT samples had a lower density than the JP samples up to 1100℃, due to a greater weight loss following binder removal.  However, between 1200℃ to 1600℃, the MT samples had …

Eco-Friendly Pva-Walnut Shell-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator For Biomechanical Energy Harvesting And Self-Powered Touch Sensing, Sabita Tripathy, Gayatri Mohapatra, Arjun Kumar, Manoj Kumar Debnath

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The growing demand for sustainable power in wearable electronics necessitates eco-friendly energy harvesting alternatives. Herein, a polyvinyl alcohol-walnut shell (PVA-WS) composite was developed as a biodegradable triboelectric active layer for a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). Walnut shell powder, a lignocellulosic agricultural byproduct, was incorporated into PVA at an optimised 3 wt%, enhancing surface micro-roughness and charge trapping capability as confirmed by SEM and XRD analyses. The fabricated device yielded a peak output voltage of 130 V, short-circuit current of 390 nA, and maximum power of 20 μW at 500 MΩ under 1 Hz excitation, while also successfully harvesting biomechanical energy …

Surface Characteristics Of Montmorillonite Reinforced Cellulose Membranes Derived From Pineapple Waste, Naufal Rizky Amasda, Heru Suryanto, Aminnudin Aminuddin, Uun Yanuhar, Nanda Lidya Cinta Aulia Sari, Agus Suyetno, Komarudin Komarudin, Fajar Nusantara, Gaguk Jatisukamto, Aulia Surya Ramadhan

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

This study aims to investigate the effect of montmorillonite on the surface characteristics and porosity of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) membranes derived from pineapple peel waste. The bacterial cellulose was synthesized using Acetobacter xylinum using pineapple peel extract as medium component. Bacterial nanocellulose membrane (BNC) was obtained by crushing and homogenizing bacterial cellulose in a high-pressure homogenizer. BNC membrane was reinforced with montmorillonite content of 2 wt% to 8 wt%. The membrane was characterized for its properties using SEM, FTIR, surface roughness tester, tensile tester, water holding capacity test, and BET analysis. The results showed that montmorillonite was well-dispersed within BNC …

Modernizing Rotc Training: Evaluating The Impact Of Digital Learning On Tactical Performance, Dominick Olhava

Honors Program Theses

Tactical proficiency is a critical component of ROTC officer development, yet current study practices–primarily physical manuals, PowerPoint briefings, and in person instruction–offer limited opportunities for individualized learning, repetition, and long term retention. While digital learning platforms are widely adopted across higher education, they remain underutilized within ROTC programs despite their potential to enhance accessibility, engagement, and performance.

To address this gap, ROTCELERATE (rotcelerate.com) was developed to serve as a comprehensive digital repository designed to centralize and modernize ROTC training materials. The platform consolidates doctrinal references, tactical methodologies, and written study resources, and supplements them with interactive animated visualizations that illustrate …

Private Rights Of Action For Election Litigation In The Federal Courts, Derek T. Muller

Journal Articles

Election litigation is surging. But just as litigants pursue more election claims in federal courts than ever before, federal courts are growing more skeptical about their authority to hear them. This Essay, a contribution to the 2025 Arnold Lecture at the University of Arkansas Little Rock, William H. Bowen School of Law, examines the narrowing landscape of private rights of action in election law with a particular focus on claims brought ahead of the 2024 election. It traces the Supreme Court's shift toward formalism, the heavy emphasis on remedies found in federal statutes, and the diminishing avenues for private enforcement …

Slices And Lumps: Division And Aggregation In Law And Life, Lee Anne Fennell

Books

No abstract provided.

Green Modification Of A Coupling Reaction Between N-Acetylated Amino Acids And P-Nitrothiophenol, Kaitlyn S. Marley, Hannah M. Werle, John P. Morgan

SURF Posters 2026

Native Chemical Ligation (NCL) is a process by which smaller peptides can be linked together to form larger peptides and proteins, but the preparation of necessary thioester starting materials often relies on hazardous reagents. We report a greener synthesis of S-(4- nitrophenyl) N-acetylphenylalaninethioate, building upon the methodology reported by Raines et al.1 This literature synthesis uses N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as solvent in the final thioester coupling step to accommodate the limited solubility of N-acetylphenylalanine in less polar solvents. However, DMF is a known reproductive toxin and environmental hazard. Our research demonstrates that acidic water serves as a highly effective, benign alternative …

Real-Time Electronic Drug Monitoring: Experiences From A Multinational Phase 3 Clinical Trial To Prevent Multidrug-Resistant Tb, T. Jimah, J.E. Haberer, K.R. Amico, J. Tinkamanyire, M.A. Kendall, S. Moonsamy, R.T. Khan, K.B.F. Fetalvero, N. Suryavanshi, A. Gupta, A.C. Hesseling, Susan Swindells, G. Churchyard

Journal Articles: Infectious Diseases

OBJECTIVE: We describe the experience of implementing real-time electronic drug monitoring (EDM) within a clinical trial to prevent multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) among high-risk household contacts.

METHODS: The Protecting Households On Exposure to Newly Diagnosed Index Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients (PHOENIx) trial is a phase 3, open-label, cluster-randomised clinical trial conducted in 31 sites in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Household contacts of adults with MDR-TB were enrolled from June 2019 to January 2025, each receiving an EDM device to monitor adherence to TB preventive therapy. Here, we review selection of the adherence monitoring approach and key procedures implemented to support EDM …

A Quest For Food In Bedford-Stuyvesant And Brooklyn Heights: Residential Interactions With Neighborhood Food Resources, Aidan Carroll , ‘26

Senior Theses, Projects, and Awards

This thesis examines urban inequalities situated across Brooklyn, New York by speculating residential interactions with food resources in their neighborhood such as gardens, grocery stores, restaurants, and food pantries. With a specific focus on the areas Bedford-Stuyvesant and Brooklyn Heights of Brooklyn, New York, the study utilized qualitative data such as interviews and dietary food logs during ethnographic fieldwork in order to assess the ways in which experiences with accessing food can reveal a deeper message about systemic inequalities along the lines of racism and class if we are to consider food apartheid. That said, I found that food apartheid …

Primer On Financing Commercial Real Property, Judge John M. Tyson

Campbell Law Review

No abstract provided.

Space Enterprises As International Lawmakers: Nudges, Pledges, And Other Bottom-Up Modalities, Melissa (M.J.) Durkee

Scholarship@WashULaw

Private entities are influencing the development of international space law. Space enterprises need regulatory certainty and consistent standards to attract capital and develop their plans for space. Yet, states have lagged in their capacity to make multilateral international space law in traditional public fora. Private entities have responded to this legal lag by attempting to create, develop, and nudge international space law in commerce-friendly ways. This chapter surveys a variety of modalities by which commercial actors can affect the development of international law, offers several examples of how commercial lawmaking efforts

Teaching Constitutional Law: Politics, Democracy And History, Andrea Scoseria Katz

Scholarship@WashULaw

Teaching Constitutional Law in the present era presents unique pedagogical challenges. My students arrive skeptical of the field, doubtful of the Supreme Court’s authority, questioning the relevance of legal methods in determining case outcomes, and perceiving constitutional adjudication as irreducibly political. Rather than dismiss these concerns, I argue that constitutional law professors must acknowledge them directly. Our task is not to restore naïve faith in judicial neutrality (an impossible ideal), but to present students with a vision of constitutional meaning-making—one grounded in politics, history, and democratic politics—in which they can recognize themselves as engaged participants in the future of our …

Sustainability Assurance, Andrew F. Tuch, Luca Enriques, Alessandro Romano

Scholarship@WashULaw

A robust literature examines sustainability disclosures by public corporations, but legal scholarship has largely overlooked the role of third-party assurance—or verification—of such disclosures. This is a notable omission given the extensive literature on the auditing of financial statements, a related form of assurance.

This article responds by examining the role of assurance in sustainability reporting. In keeping with the theme of this symposium volume, it draws on US and EU law. Our discussion begins in Part I with sustainability disclosures, focusing on the requirements and practices of public companies. In Part II, we introduce sustainability assurance as well as assurance …

C.A.S. Full Assessment Report: State Of Florida Government Portal, Delante Clark

Graduate Scholarship and Creative Works

The purpose of this assessment is to evaluate the cognitive overhead, transparency, and attentional integrity of

official State of Florida digital interfaces using the Cognitive Attentional Standards (C.A.S.) platform.

While the Florida Digital Bill of Rights (FDBR) establishes strict regulatory guardrails for consumer data

transparency, tracking opt-outs, and attentional safeguards, the State of Florida explicitly exempts its own

government agencies, public universities, and non-profit entities from complying with these rules.

This assessment serves to investigate the tension between legislative intent and government execution. By

analyzing public sector websites through the C.A.S. platform, this project will establish a “state-enforced vs.

state-executed” …

The Attention Safeguard Models: Governing Digital Harm Without Restricting Lawful Speech, Delante Clark

Graduate Scholarship and Creative Works

Digital platforms increasingly govern contemporary social, civic, and psychological life through systems optimized for attention capture, amplification, and monetization. While lawful expression remains protected under the First Amendment, the infrastructural mechanisms that determine how speech circulates have produced a range of attention‑based harms, including cyberbullying, engagement farming, compulsive doom scrolling, emotional dysregulation, and civic polarization. This research paper introduces the Attentional Safeguards Model (ASM), coined and formalized by Delante Clark, as a novel governance framework that mitigates such harms by regulating systems of amplification rather than restricting expression itself. Building on attention economy theory, technological mediation, constitutional free‑speech doctrine, …

They're Collecting My Data, So What? The Effects Of Privacy Fatigue On Trust And User Experience, Vanessa Brewster

Dissertations from the Executive Doctorate in Business Administration Program

With the increasingly connected nature of Web 4.0 and the AI-enabled internet, new ways to capture biometric data through smart devices are becoming more commonplace, and users are presented with an overwhelming number of decisions regarding how their data is collected and used. As such, concerns about data privacy remain a key issue among those with varying levels of fears of technology. However, privacy concern scales have not yet been updated to give researchers a full picture of the impact, and with control mechanisms varying widely across countries as regulation struggles to keep pace with innovation, trust in technology can …

Healthcare Digital Twins: A Methodological Literature Review On Integrating Iot And Ai For Personalized Medicine And Predictive Care, Sara Shahnazinia, Mahsa Tavasoli, Abdolhossein Sarrafzadeh, Ali Karimoddini

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Digital Twin (DT) technology has the potential to revolutionize healthcare delivery and enhance patient outcomes through personalized and precision medicine, simulation models for operations and interventions, and drug discovery. However, successful implementation of DTs in Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) healthcare is contingent upon addressing key challenges such as privacy, ethics, and robust data security. This paper presents a methodological literature review of DT applications in healthcare, systematically analyzing the current state of research, key enabling technologies, and implementation challenges. The review summarizes DT categorization approaches (application-based, technology-based, and real-time function-based); delineates core DT components such as …

Gem-Can: A Real-World Dataset Of Can-Bus Attack Scenarios On An Autonomous Vehicle For Intrusion-Detection Research, Mahsa Tavasoli, Abdolhossein Sarrafzadeh, Ali Karimoddini, Tienake Phuapaiboon, Milad Khaleghi, Daniel Tobias

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

This paper presents GEM-CAN, a labelled Controller Area Network (CAN) dataset captured from an autonomous GEM e6 platform under both normal operation and controlled cyber-attack conditions.

The dataset contains ∼143 K frames comprising (i) ∼ nominal autonomous operation (∼100k messages), (ii) DoS floods using arbitration ID 0 × 00000000 (∼41 K messages), and (iii) data-tampering injections that reuse legitimate IDs for brake and steering-lock (∼1.3 K messages). Each record includes timestamp, arbitration ID (11/29-bit), DLC, eight payload bytes, and a Normal/Attack label. A companion metadata file enumerates attack windows, PCAN bus-load traces, bitrate, and test conditions. Data were collected with …

Perceptions And Metaperceptions Of Bison In The West, Riley Rush Comstock

Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts

Effective coexistence between wildlife populations and the people that live with them requires an understanding of how people feel toward the species and their management. Bison occupy a unique place in conservation history and management. Once extirpated across nearly all of their range and only recently introduced to areas outside of large tracts of federal land, they are now a jurisdictionally challenged species, with varying management paradigms across a patchwork of landowners and managers. Recent research has shown how activating different social identities can distort people’s attitudes toward species. Here, I explore whether activating urban and rural identities distorts people’s …

Atomic Sameness: Static Placemaking And Nuclear Dynamism, Rex J. Rowley

Faculty Publications - Geography, Geology, and the Environment

Dozens of locations across the United States were impacted by the development and deployment of American atomic weapons. Some of these places continue to change along with the world around them. Other sites remain in intentionally static space. Using a cultural landscape approach, this paper analyzes two such places that represent two broad groups of static atomic landscapes: 1) atomic testing sites; and 2) remnant sites for containment of stored materials and byproducts from the processing and extraction for and scientific testing of atomic technology. Influencing the static nature of such landscapes is a combination of intentional government-led efforts to …