Digital Commons Network^™

The Effect Of The Affordable Care Act Medicaid Expansion On The Risk Of Hospital Closure And Adolescent Hpv Immunization In Rural Counties, Juliette Des Rosiers

Scripps Senior Theses

From 2005 to 2025, over 200 rural hospitals shut their doors, often citing increased operational costs, staffing shortages, low patient volume, regulatory barriers, financial challenges exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, and uncompensated care as common contributors to the closures. Rural patients are often referred by their primary care physician to a hospital for regular immunizations, since smaller clinics have less capacity to provide immunizations due to a shortage of pediatricians and limited vaccine stock. A crucial vaccine that is not required by schools and underutilized in rural areas is that against human papillomavirus (HPV), a virus that infects cutaneous and …

Development Of A Bidirectional Tmv-Based Plant Expression Vector For Dual Gene Co-Expression, Matisse Schutten-Burgess

Scripps Senior Theses

Monoclonal antibodies, or mAbs, have recently joined the growing array of biopharmaceuticals used to treat a variety of chronic, autoimmune, and infectious diseases. Antibody therapy is highly customizable, as mAbs can be genetically engineered to target specific disease markers. Traditional systems of producing monoclonal antibodies use mammalian cells, most prominently Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells. While these systems are widely used, they are time-intensive and costly. Because of this, plant-based antibody production systems have risen in prominence, as they provide a more cost-efficient and faster way to generate antibodies. One drawback that has surfaced is that the co-expression of antibody heavy …

Seeing Through The Fuzz: Understanding Conformational Diversity In The Fuzzy Coat Of Amyloids Across Fibril Polymorphs Using Solid-State Nmr, Carah K. Allen

Scripps Senior Theses

The aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) into amyloid fibrils is a central pathological hallmark of Parkinson’s disease and other related synucleinopathies. Although monomeric α-syn is intrinsically disordered, the protein assembles into multiple fibril polymorphs that differ in their β-sheet core structures. Surrounding each polymorph is the “fuzzy coat,” which is a highly dynamic, intrinsically disordered region (IDR) that is not resolved by high-resolution structural techniques, such as Cryo-EM, but is thought to influence fibril interactions, propagation, and toxicity. Understanding whether different polymorphs maintain distinct fuzzy-coat conformational ensembles is therefore essential for connecting amyloid structure to biological function. To address this question, …

Lights, Camera, Aggression!: Exploring The Relationship Between The Horror Genre And Criminality, Taylor M. Wanke

Scripps Senior Theses

This proposed correlational study will examine the effect of exposure and involvement with the horror genre in media and the crime genre in media on one’s antisocial personality traits, criminal thinking, criminal behavior/aggression, and morality in the general population and those who are currently incarcerated. Data will be collected through a Qualtrics survey accessed online for the general sample and printed out for the incarcerated sample. Each participant will complete exposure checklists, involvement scales for each genre, and multiple measures to record their level of each dependent variable. Data will be analyzed using a correlational analysis, 1-sample t-tests, and a …

The Gut–Brain Axis And Its Role In Depression And Anxiety: A Meta-Narrative Review, Sania Dastagir, Alina Esenalieva, Thinh Quach, Haley Sutton

Research Methods Poster Session 2026

No abstract provided.

Indirect Effects Of Coral Bleaching On Tursiops Truncatus Diet And Foraging Behavior In Bocas Del Toro, Panama, Annabel Fiero

Scripps Senior Theses

Indirect effects, where another species or factor mediates the effects of a given species, are critical to ecosystem structure and resilience. Shifts in fish community structure, as a result of rapidly declining coral reefs in the Caribbean due to warming-induced bleaching, pose a threat to apex predators like Tursiops truncatus (bottlenose dolphins). Branching corals create habitat niches for numerous fish species. These fish rely on coral for food and habitat, and in turn provide food for upper trophic levels. Prior research has highlighted how coral bleaching will disrupt Acroporid reef building corals and fish community structure, but the effects of …

How Semiflightless Birds Adapt: A Survey From Barú, Costa Rica, Eli P. Laloudakis

Scripps Senior Theses

When we think of birds, we think of flight. Because of this, scientific research often focuses on how birds evolved flight and how their wings function during flight. However, not all birds can fly or fly well, as wings wax and wane on developmental, seasonal, and evolutionary time scales (Dial and Heers 2021). Consequently, rudimentary wings can be found in developing birds, secondarily flightless or semiflightless birds, birds that undergo simultaneous molts, and extinct theropods with “protowings” (structures that preceded fully functional wings). Secondarily flightless and semiflightless birds often evolve where there is no/low predation, abundant year-round food supply, and …

Lead Biosorption By Oceanobacillus Profundus Kbz 3-2: Strategies For Bioremediation Systems In Kabwe, Danielle S. Desmarteau

Scripps Senior Theses

Lead contamination remains a significant global public health concern, particularly in Kabwe, Zambia, the site of a former lead mining operation. Bioremediation, which utilizes biological materials and processes to remove environmental contaminants, represents a promising approach for addressing lead pollution. However, the development of effective bioremediation systems requires a detailed understanding of the mechanisms underlying metal removal and the feasibility of implementation in low-resource settings. Oceanobacillus profundus KBZ 3-2, a bacterium isolated from Kabwe mine waste, has demonstrated the ability to remove lead from aqueous environments. This study proposes to investigate the mechanism of lead biosorption by this organism, …

Assessing The Effect Of Wildfire-Specific Air Pollutants On Copd Hospitalizations In Los Angeles County, Kimberly Young

Scripps Senior Theses

As the fourth leading cause of death in the world, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) is one of the most severe respiratory disorders characterized by airway inflammation.  For the past two decades, climate change has exacerbated the prevalence of wildfires in California due to rising temperatures and lower precipitation. With the influx of wildfires, poor atmospheric air quality continues to be a serious health problem in the Los Angeles area, especially after the recent Eaton fire in January of 2025. My study hopes to assess whether the air pollutants particulate matter 2.5 (PM_2.5), particulate matter 10 (PM_{10 …}

Food Stamp Participation And Health Outcomes In Ca Immigrants, Esther Kang

Scripps Senior Theses

The U.S. social welfare system includes programs aiming to increase access to nutritious food to reduce nutrition insecurity. However, studies suggest that immigrants continue to face disproportionate risks of nutrition insecurity and may face barriers to enrollment due to legal status. This study, using secondary data from the 2023 California Health Interview Survey, examines the associations between food stamp participation, food insecurity, and clinical diagnosis of diabetes among adult U.S.-born, naturalized, and non-citizen adults in California. The findings suggest that those enrolled in food stamps are more likely to report food insecurity than those who are not enrolled, and that …

Advancing Nanotechnology For Hematological And Osteological Disorders, Chase K. Hamilton

Integrated Studies

When people think of medicine, they often picture stethoscopes, routine clinical checkups, surgeries, and standard prescriptions. One field that needs more acknowledgement is the technological side. As technology continues to evolve, healthcare advances alongside it, with nanotechnology emerging as a substantial area of innovation. This paper reflects the expanding role of nanotechnology in modern medicine, focusing on its potential applications in trauma and internal medicine care and in the treatment of blood and bone disorders as well as bone and blood related cancers. By working at an extremely small scale, nanotechnology allows for more precise and targeted treatment, reducing damage …

Role Of Trauma-Informed Care In Promoting Child And Family Well-Being, Chloe Goins

Integrated Studies

Children and families all over the world experience trauma in all different ways, including abuse, neglect, instability, family separation, or poverty. Trauma-informed care has been critical within the child welfare system emphasizing the need for social workers to understand the impact of trauma as they navigate solutions that promote healing and not retraumatization. This paper examines the role of trauma-informed care within child welfare systems in establishing ethical and social practice focused on the well-being of the children and their families. Deriving from trauma theory, attachment theory, and research on the neurobiology of trauma this paper digs deep into how …

Understanding Child Development Through Social And Environmental Systems, Collin E. Curling

Integrated Studies

For this 50-page research paper, this study focuses on “The Role of Family Structure in Childhood Development.” The categories examined in this research include: Two-parent households, Single-parent households, Blended/Stepfamilies, Multigenerational households, and Foster and adoptive families. This research seeks to demonstrate the impact of different family structures impact and influence the developmental states of children. Using perspectives from education, economics, psychology, sociology, and public policy, this study argues that the structure of families alone does not determine the development of the child. Instead, factors such as family stability, access to resources, quality of relationships, and cultural context play a huge …

The Impact Of Pre-Primary Education, Hailey Marie Doran

Integrated Studies

Pre-primary schooling is defined as the first stage of organized instruction that introduces young children to an environment similar to school; it aims to ease the transition from home life to a school setting. Daycares and pre-primary education are not mandatory for children. This paper will discuss the impact that pre-primary education has on children’s development and future. The impacts discussed will cover multiple aspects of a child’s holistic development. Children's behavioral, cognitive, social, and emotional development as well academic success will be discussed from both a long-term and short-term perspective. The first five years of a child’s life are …

The Role Of Dental Hygienists In Preventive Care, Chloe Robinson

Integrated Studies

Preventive care is a critical component of overall health, yet oral health is often overlooked within the broader healthcare system. Dental hygienists play a vital role in addressing this gap by providing preventive services, patient education, early disease detection, and advocacy for long-term oral and systemic health. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of dental hygienists in preventive care and to explore how their responsibilities extend beyond traditional clinical tasks to include education, public health initiatives, and interprofessional collaboration. Through a review of current literature, this paper highlights the impact dental hygienists have on improving patient …

The Utah Reusable Root Module: Evapotranspiration Dynamics And Moisture Sensor Performance In Five-Month Reused Peat-Based Media, Claudia Garrido-Ruiz, Bruce Bugbee, Juan D. González-Teruel, Scott B. Jones

Controlled Environments

Efficient water management is essential for closed-loop food production in space applications. The Utah Reusable Root Module (URRM) is designed to support repeated cropping in the same peat-based growth media. Here, we report moisture sensor performance, nighttime-to-daytime evapotranspiration (ET) rate, yield, and water-use efficiency (WUE) in the Engineering Development Unit (EDU) using Outredgeous lettuce. Five previous crops had been planted in the same media, and this study reports growth and ET from the final crop cycle. Volumetric water content (θ_ᵥ) was monitored using two electromagnetic moisture sensors (CS650 and TEROS ONE) across five root modules (RMs) with multiple …

Improving Flood Risk Mapping By Incorporating Local-Scale Calibration Data Derived From Stakeholder Input, Jennifer M. Holifield, Wei Wu, Patrick D. Biber, Margo Posten, Dennis Mcgrury, Stephen C. Deal, Alexandria Hancock

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Globally, flooding is the most frequent and costly natural hazards, disproportionately affecting populations based on environmental, social, and economic factors. Understanding the spatial variability of flood risk as well as the respective flood drivers is essential for informing cost-effective mitigation strategies and enhancing community resilience. Here we mapped flood risk that combines flood hazards and vulnerability in an under-resourced coastal community prone to compound flooding. Our approach integrates stakeholder engagement with GIS-based analysis using open-access datasets.

We first developed an initial flood hazard map using an equal-weight combination of factors commonly associated with flood occurrence/prevention, including upslope area, impervious surface …

A Period And Cohort Analysis Of Sustained Fertility Decline In The United States, Tyrus Parker

Doctoral Dissertations

Fertility rates in the United States have declined by 21 percent since the most recent peak in 2007. Despite more childbearing-aged women in the United States, this fertility rate decline has resulted in fewer births. Tracking these shifts is not a purely demographic exercise. Rather, a declining number of births has wide-ranging effects on society, including school closures, loss of labor and delivery centers, and eventually labor force implications as the number of workers shrinks. To examine the causes of modern fertility decline, this dissertation contains three interrelated analyses. I first examine population-wide fertility trends using data from the Center …

Perception Of Posed And Naturally Occurring Emotion Expressions In Close Friendships, Kaitlyn M. Mcmullen

Doctoral Dissertations

While relationships are critical to our daily emotional lives, the limited research on emotion perception among close friends presents inconsistent evidence concerning whether differences exist between close friends and strangers. The present work examined the ways in which familiarity between close friends’ shapes emotion perception. In Study 1a, expressors provided both naturally occurring and dynamic posed emotion expressions for seven emotion categories (anger, sadness, fear, disgust, happiness, surprise, and neutral) in order to develop a stimulus set where the stereotypicality of the expressions varies within-subjects. In Study 1b, a self-identified close friend of each expressor viewed and rated the expressions …

Syrup Production And Tree Physiology, David Blakney Moore

Doctoral Dissertations

Maple (Acer spp.) syrup production is a culturally and economically important activity in North America, and other types of trees are economically important (or show potential to become more economically important) for their syrup as well. For both established and novel syrup-producing trees, questions remain about tapping sustainability and the physiological mechanisms that underpin winter-dormant-season stem-pressurization cycles, which create the pressures necessary for sap harvesting. I investigated aspects of tapping sustainability related to two important xylem functions, storage and transport. I measured nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations and radial growth of tapped and untapped sugar maples (Acer saccharum) and found a weak …

Launching Love Online: How Soft-, Hard-, And No-Launch Practices Shape Perceptions Of Commitment And Relationship Security, Aleana Goetz

Master’s Theses

Social media has introduced new ways couples signal relationship status, ranging from a “hard launch” (a clear couple post) to a “soft launch” (subtle cues such as hands or hints) to a “no launch” (no posting at all). Although these posting choices may seem minor, they may shape how committed and secure a relationship feels. Guided by the Investment Model (Rusbult, 1980) and interdependence theory (Kelley & Thibaut, 1978), the present study examines whether relationship visibility on Instagram relates to perceived partner commitment and relationship security.

A total of 176 participants (36 male, 118 female, 22 did not report) viewed …

Mitochondrial Efficiency: Bridging Early-Life Environment And Organismal Performance, Kayla E. Lichtner

Master’s Theses

Mitochondria operate at the forefront of organismal-environmental interactions. Despite remarkable diversity in mitochondrial function both within and among species, all mitochondria serve a universal role in facilitating the flow of energy between organisms and their environment. Energetic efficiency, the way in which organisms assimilate and transform environmental substrate into physiological currency, is a major determinant of organismal performance. Although previous studies have shown that early-life environment can have lasting effects on metabolism, the underlying mechanisms driving the emergence of mitochondrial phenotypic variation remain poorly understood. Leach’s storm-petrels (Hydrobates leucorhous) provide a valuable opportunity to investigate longitudinal hypotheses of …

Feasibility Of Upcycling Spent Lithium-Ion Battery To Carbon Dioxide Capture Adsorbent, Chimezie Frank Onwudinjo

Master’s Theses

This study investigates the feasibility of repurposing spent lithium-ion battery (SLIB) to lithium orthosilicate (Li₄SiO₄), a high temperature carbon dioxide sorbent. Two synthesis pathways including conventional acid-leaching method (Scenario 1) and a pyrolysis-based route (Scenario 2) were explored. Additionally, techno-economic analysis (TEA) and lifecycle assessment (LCA) of the two processes were also performed. Different analytical characterization techniques were performed to understand the material properties of Li₄SiO₄ including surface area, crystallinity, morphology and thermal stability. CO₂ capture performance of the synthesized Li₄SiO₄ was tested in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) using …

Discovering Naturally Occurring Antifreeze Peptides From Microbiome By Integrating Protein Language Models And Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Ibrahim A. Imam, Trevor Morey, Yuexu Jiang, Duolin Wang, Dong Xu, Qing Shao

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

Antifreeze peptides inhibit ice crystal growth and recrystallization, and are promising components of cryoprotective formulations for cell, tissue, and food preservation, as well as anti-icing surface coatings. However, the discovery of new antifreeze peptides has been hindered by their sequence diversity and the limited scalability of experimental screening. In this study, we identify novel antifreeze peptide candidates from a microbiome-derived sequence library using ensemble machine learning and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We developed an ensemble classifier composed of 10 adapter-tuned protein-language models and a random forest meta-learner. After training on a curated dataset of 73 766 sequences, we applied this …

Functionalization Of Microfiltration Media Towards Catalytic Hydrogenation Of Selected Halo-Organics From Water, Subrajit Bosu, Samuel S. Thompson, Doo Young Kim, Noah D. Meeks, Dibakar Bhattacharyya

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

Contaminated water detoxification remains difficult due to the presence of persistent halo-organic contaminants, such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and chlorophenols, which are chemically stable and resist conventional purification methods. Functionalized membrane-based separation and decontamination have garnered immense attention in recent years. Commercially available microfiltration membrane (PVDF) and polymeric non-woven fiber filters (glass and composite) are functionalized with poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) that shows outstanding pH-responsive performance and tunable water permeability under ambient conditions perfect for environmental applications. Polymer loading based on weight gain measurements on PMAA–microglass composite fibers (137%) and microglass fibers (116%) confirmed their extent of functionalization, which was significantly …

Overview And Methods Of Molecular Paleontology: A Review, Shelby Touchstone

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Molecular paleontology—the study of ancient biomolecules preserved in fossils and sediments, including ancient DNA, lipids, and proteins—has motivated researchers since the 1950s, inspiring both scientific inquiry and broader cultural imagination. Think Jurassic Park. This honors thesis presents a comprehensive review of the history, current state, and methods of the field of molecular paleontology. Drawing on peer-reviewed literature and scholarly resources accessed through databases such as EBSCO and Bierce library, this review examines key techniques such as Next Generation Sequencing and amino acid racemization and will go over limitations and controversies in the field. It will also explore potential new …

Beyond The Lace Index: Benchmarking Machine Learning Architectures And Explaining 30-Day Hospital Readmission Risk With Shap Analysis, Carl E. Hughes Iii

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Unplanned 30-day hospital readmission remains a fundamental challenge in US healthcare, associated with increased risk to patient recovery and representing an estimated $52.4 billion in annual expenses (Beauvais et al., 2022). While the rigorously validated LACE index serves as the clinical standard for readmission modeling, its linear structure and four explanatory variables lack the complexity to capture the high-dimensional and interactive nature of patient risk. This study utilizes an admission granularity level cohort of the MIMIC-IV database to develop and compare machine learning architectures against the baseline LACE index. Due to the imbalanced prevalence of readmission, the penalized logistic regression, …

Effect Of Jet Lag And Nighttime Shifts On The Circadian Rhythm Of Humans, Mahd Adrees

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This project reviews the circadian rhythm and its disruption by jet lag and nighttime shifts. It discusses the effects on melatonin, sleep quality, and physiological symptoms using articles from Google Scholar. Key studies, mechanisms, and statistics will support these points. A discussion follows, comparing and contrasting the various literature sources. This review aims to raise awareness and summarize strategies to reduce jet lag and nighttime shift effects, improving wellbeing.

Rate Response Of Curlyleaf Pondweed And Native Plants To Flumioxazin In Minnesota Lakes, Pearl J. Jensen

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Curlyleaf pondweed (Potamogeton crispus L.) is an invasive aquatic plant present across the United States that causes significant recreational issues, outcompetes native plant species, and depletes water quality. Before senescing in mid-summer, curlyleaf pondweed forms a large number of turions that can lay dormant in the sediment for several years. Typical herbicide management of this species occurs in early spring to target the plant before turion production occurs and while native plants are dormant. Flumioxazin has shown potential in curlyleaf pondweed management in small scale studies, but its effects have not been assessed in operational management. In this study, treatments …

Research News, Publications, 2026, Volume 1, Soumyajit Majumdar

Publications (2015-)

Publications that appeared during the period of January 1 - March 31, 2026.