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2026

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Novel Solitary Wave Solutions And Stability Analysis Of The Generalized (3+1)-Dimensional Chaffee–Infante Equation, Mostafa M. A. Khater Sep 2026

Novel Solitary Wave Solutions And Stability Analysis Of The Generalized (3+1)-Dimensional Chaffee–Infante Equation, Mostafa M. A. Khater

Baghdad Science Journal

The generalized (3+1)-dimensional Chaffee–Infante equation, a nonlinear evolution equation with dispersive, dissipative and nonlinear effects, is considered a member of the class of reaction–diffusion models. Applying the Khater III method, we obtain seventeen exact analytical solutions of hyperbolic, trigonometric and rational function forms. The accuracy of these solutions is verified by comparison with the numerical simulations obtained by He's variational iteration method. The satisfactory consistency at absolute error levels less than 10^ - 9 supports the reliability of the analytical results. The analysis shows different dynamical patterns: solitary waves, periodic structures and singular wave profiles and studies their stability properties …

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A Numerical Solution Of Parabolic Integro-Differential Equations Using The Left Rectangular Rule, Ali Kamil Al-Abadi, Shurooq Kamel Abd Sep 2026

A Numerical Solution Of Parabolic Integro-Differential Equations Using The Left Rectangular Rule, Ali Kamil Al-Abadi, Shurooq Kamel Abd

Baghdad Science Journal

This study presents a numerical technique for addressing parabolic integro-differential equations encountered in various scientific and engineering domains. The backward Euler method for temporal discretization with the left rectangular rule for estimating the memory integral term, is integrated into this proposed method. The semi-discrete and fully discrete formulations of the problem are used to obtain a finite element framework. To evaluate the accuracy of the numerical approximation, the mathematical formulation is established, and error estimates are analyzed. Numerous numerical experiments are conducted and juxtaposed with established exact solutions to assess the efficacy of the proposed method. The results show that …

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Reduced Kinetic Modelling Of Reactive Oxygen And Nitrogen Species Formation In Microwave Plasma Jets, Hayder M. Hadi, Abdul Hussain A. Khadyair, Hamid Al-Jibbouri Sep 2026

Reduced Kinetic Modelling Of Reactive Oxygen And Nitrogen Species Formation In Microwave Plasma Jets, Hayder M. Hadi, Abdul Hussain A. Khadyair, Hamid Al-Jibbouri

Baghdad Science Journal

Cold atmospheric-pressure microwave plasma jets are crucial sources of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) in the fields of biomedicine, environment, and industry. A reduced kinetic model has been constructed to model RONS production in microwave-driven plasma jets at different process parameters in this paper. The model employs a simplified system of coupled ordinary differential equations representative of the dominant plasma-chemical reactions to characterize the time evolution of six high-interest species (OH, O, O3, NO, NO2, and H2O2). The influence of gas composition, gas flow rate, surface humidity, and microwave power on …

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From Data To Medicine: A Milestone For Medical Chemistry And Bioinformatics In Indonesia, Fadilah Fadilah Sep 2026

From Data To Medicine: A Milestone For Medical Chemistry And Bioinformatics In Indonesia, Fadilah Fadilah

Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics

Biomedical science is rapidly moving from data generation toward data-driven discovery and clinical translation. Genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and microbiomics now provide multiple perspectives on human biology, while bioinformatics, artificial intelligence, and molecular modelling enable these complex datasets to be interpreted. The challenge is no longer simply to generate data, but to transform data into knowledge and knowledge into better medicine. This transition is particularly important for Indonesia, where genetic, environmental, microbial, and biological diversity creates both a challenge and an opportunity for population-relevant biomedical research.

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Effects Of Different Pretreatment Methods On Moisture Variation And Pore Structure Of Apple Slices During Microwave Freeze-Drying, Qu Zhanping, Zhang Xiaoyan, Zhang Jinglin, Gu Yujuan Sep 2026

Effects Of Different Pretreatment Methods On Moisture Variation And Pore Structure Of Apple Slices During Microwave Freeze-Drying, Qu Zhanping, Zhang Xiaoyan, Zhang Jinglin, Gu Yujuan

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To investigate the effects of pretreatment methods on moisture variation and pore structure of apple slices during microwave freeze-drying. [Methods] Apple slices pretreated with four methods (ultrasound, blanching, freeze-thawing, and osmotic dehydration) are subjected to microwave freeze-drying. The effects of different pretreatments on drying characteristics, moisture migration, and microscopic pore structure of the samples are comparatively analyzed. [Results] All four pretreatment methods increase the effective moisture diffusion coefficient and reduce drying time by 11.1% to 44.4%, with osmotic dehydration requiring the shortest drying time. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis indicates that the pretreatments accelerate free water removal, consequently …

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Preparation Of Agaricus Bisporus Chitosan Nanoliposomes And Their In Vitro Hypoglycemic Effects, Chen Yanzhi, Zhang Jiawen, Zhang Molan, You Lijun Sep 2026

Preparation Of Agaricus Bisporus Chitosan Nanoliposomes And Their In Vitro Hypoglycemic Effects, Chen Yanzhi, Zhang Jiawen, Zhang Molan, You Lijun

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To address the limited oral utilization of metformin hydrochloride (MET) and the insufficient delivery efficiency of conventional liposomes, MET-loaded nanoliposomes modified with Agaricus bisporus chitosan (ACS) (ACS-modified liposomes, A-M-L) were developed, and their physicochemical properties, storage stability, cytocompatibility, and effects on glucose consumption by HepG2 cells were evaluated. [Methods] ACS was used as a substitute for crustacean chitosan to prepare MET-loaded nanoliposomes using the thin-film dispersion-ultrasonication method. The structural characteristics and microscopic morphology were observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, storage stability, cytotoxicity, …

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Extrusion Pretreatment Improves The Protein Digestibility Of Black Soybean Meal And Its Effects On The Final Quality And Antioxidant Activity Of Soy Sauce, Cheng Xiaoyuan, Ma Chengye, Li Hongjun Sep 2026

Extrusion Pretreatment Improves The Protein Digestibility Of Black Soybean Meal And Its Effects On The Final Quality And Antioxidant Activity Of Soy Sauce, Cheng Xiaoyuan, Ma Chengye, Li Hongjun

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To investigate the regulatory mechanisms of extrusion pretreatment on the protein digestibility of black soybean meal and systematically evaluate its effects on soy sauce quality and antioxidant activity. [Methods] A mixture of black soybean meal and flour was pretreated using extrusion technology for soy sauce brewing. Extrusion temperature, screw speed, flour addition, and moisture content were selected as the main process parameters to investigate their effects on protein digestibility. Under the optimal extrusion conditions, the raw materials were prepared and further subjected to simulated low-salt solid-state soy sauce fermentation. Amino nitrogen, total nitrogen, reducing sugar, pH, total acid, ammonium …

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5-Formyl- 3-Methylene- 3,6-Dihydropyridines Formed In Foods Activate Rage-Dependent Signaling Cascades In Raw 264.7 Cells, Wu Jiaqi, Ou Shiyi, Guo Hongyang, Huang Caihuan, Ou Juanying, Zheng Jie Sep 2026

5-Formyl- 3-Methylene- 3,6-Dihydropyridines Formed In Foods Activate Rage-Dependent Signaling Cascades In Raw 264.7 Cells, Wu Jiaqi, Ou Shiyi, Guo Hongyang, Huang Caihuan, Ou Juanying, Zheng Jie

Food and Machinery

[Objective] 5-Formyl -3-methylene -3,6-dihydropyridine (FMDP) is a novel compound derived from the reaction of amino acids with formaldehyde (FA) and acrolein (ACR), and its content in biscuits has been reported to be more than 40 times higher than that of free acrolein and formaldehyde. Given the structural similarity to FDP -lysine, an advanced glycation end product (AGE) derived from acrolein, this study aims to evaluate the potential safety risk of FMDPs by assessing their ability to stimulate the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). [Methods] Three FMDP compounds, each possessing a 5-formyl -3-methylene -3,6-dihydropyridine core structure, are synthesized by …

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Preparation Process , Antioxidant Activity , And Fruit Preservation Application Of Polygonatum Sibiricum Polysaccharides With Low Relative Molecular Mass, Hu Chengzhi, Ma Yanli, Shen Qingshan, Li Mengna, Li Mi, Fei Peng Sep 2026

Preparation Process , Antioxidant Activity , And Fruit Preservation Application Of Polygonatum Sibiricum Polysaccharides With Low Relative Molecular Mass, Hu Chengzhi, Ma Yanli, Shen Qingshan, Li Mengna, Li Mi, Fei Peng

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To compare the effects of four pretreatment methods—hot pressing (HP), steam explosion (SE), ultrasound (US), and solid-state fermentation (SF)—on the structural characteristics and antioxidant activities of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides (PSP), and to explore the potential application of PSP in fruit preservation. [Methods] Ten PSP samples are prepared. The yield, relative molecular mass, functional groups, thermal stability, surface morphology, and DPPH·, ABTS·, and OH· free radical scavenging abilities of the samples are determined. The PSP sample with low relative molecular mass obtained by SE treatment is loaded with Zn2+ to prepare a sprayable hydrogel, which is then applied in the …

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Effects Of Material Form On The Modification Of Rice By Heat-Moisture Treatment, Wang Haoyan, Feng Wei, Zheng Yubin, Wang Ren, Huo Jian Sep 2026

Effects Of Material Form On The Modification Of Rice By Heat-Moisture Treatment, Wang Haoyan, Feng Wei, Zheng Yubin, Wang Ren, Huo Jian

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To investigate the effects of two material forms (rice flour and whole rice grains) on the modification performance of rice by heat-moisture treatment and physicochemical properties. [Methods] Early indica rice is used as raw material. Rice flour and whole rice grains are subjected to heat-moisture treatment (100 ℃, 2 h) under three moisture levels (21%, 24%, and 27%). Subsequently, the basic chemical composition, surface particle morphology, crystal structure characteristics, and farinograph processing properties of samples from the two groups are characterized. [Results] After heat-moisture treatment, the particle dispersibility of samples in both groups decreases significantly, accompanied by obvious aggregation …

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Study On Preparation And Emulsification Properties Of Distillers Dried Grains With Solubles Arabinoxylan Hydrolysate/Soy Protein Isolate Complex, Yu Shuo, Guo Qingbin, Zhao Shudi, Li Zhenjing, Jia Xing, Kang Ji Sep 2026

Study On Preparation And Emulsification Properties Of Distillers Dried Grains With Solubles Arabinoxylan Hydrolysate/Soy Protein Isolate Complex, Yu Shuo, Guo Qingbin, Zhao Shudi, Li Zhenjing, Jia Xing, Kang Ji

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To expand the application fields of distillers dried grains with solubles and improve its market value. [Methods] Arabinoxylan (AX) was extracted from distillers dried grains with solubles and modified to prepare AX with different molecular structures. AX was then reacted with soy protein isolate (SPI) via the Maillard reaction to prepare the AX-SPI covalent complex. The structure of the complex was characterized using circular dichroism spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, particle size, and zeta potential, and its emulsifying properties were studied. [Results] The AX-SPI covalent complex is formed by SPI and AX via the Maillard reaction, and differences in …

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Detection Of Egg Components In Food By Microfluidic Digital Pcr, Li Ben, Zhuo Yiming, Qin Jijun, Yang Lixia Sep 2026

Detection Of Egg Components In Food By Microfluidic Digital Pcr, Li Ben, Zhuo Yiming, Qin Jijun, Yang Lixia

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To establish a detection method for egg components in food using microfluidic digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology. [Methods] Specific primers and fluorescent probes are designed based on the mitochondrial gene nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1). Then, the reaction system and amplification conditions are optimized, and specificity and sensitivity are evaluated before being applied to actual food detection. [Results] The established method can specifically detect egg components, while no cross-reactivity is observed with other common poultry egg components, such as duck and goose eggs. The optimal annealing temperature is 56 ℃, and the optimal concentrations of primers …

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Preparation , Structural Characterization , And In Vitro Hypoglycemic Activities Of Acetylated Elaeagnus Moorcroftii Wall . Polysaccharides, Xue Xue, Tang Hui, Liao Bingwu, Chen Lu, Zhao Wenbin, Wang Xinbing, Sun Yan, Wei Youhong Sep 2026

Preparation , Structural Characterization , And In Vitro Hypoglycemic Activities Of Acetylated Elaeagnus Moorcroftii Wall . Polysaccharides, Xue Xue, Tang Hui, Liao Bingwu, Chen Lu, Zhao Wenbin, Wang Xinbing, Sun Yan, Wei Youhong

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To explore the preparation conditions, structural information, and in vitro hypoglycemic activities of acetylated Elaeagnus moorcroftii Wall. polysaccharides of Kashgar (A-EMP-K). [Methods] EMP-K is extracted by the water extraction and alcohol precipitation method, and modified by the acetic anhydride method. Then, A-EMP-K preparation conditions are optimized using Box–Behnken response surface methodology. Furthermore, structural characterization and in vitro hypoglycemic activity assays of A-EMP-K are performed. [Results] The optimal preparation conditions are a reaction time of 3 h, a reaction temperature of 61 ℃, and an acetic anhydride addition volume of 9.3 mL. Under these conditions, A-EMP-K exhibits a degree of …

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Purification , Characterization , And Hypoglycemic Activity Of Peanut Coat Polyphenols, Zhou Wenda, Yin Yunhui, Fu Jingxuan Sep 2026

Purification , Characterization , And Hypoglycemic Activity Of Peanut Coat Polyphenols, Zhou Wenda, Yin Yunhui, Fu Jingxuan

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To optimize the purification process of peanut skin polyphenols (PSPs), improve purification efficiency, and investigate their in vitro hypoglycemic activity. [Methods] Three types of PSPs (red, white, and purple) were extracted by ultrasound-assisted ethanol extraction. Seven macroporous resins were used for static adsorption and desorption of PSPs, and the resin with the best performance was selected for single-factor experiments. The components of the purified PSPs were analyzed by UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS. Using acarbose as a positive control, the inhibitory activity and inhibition types of PSPs against α-amylase and α-glucosidase were investigated. [Results] Purple peanut skins exhibited the highest contents of total …

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Effects Of Different Extraction Methods On The Chemical Composition And Antioxidant Activity Of Guangfoshou Essential Oil, Wang Youdi, Chen Wentao, Yan Bin, Xu Shuling, Lyu Yiting, Yang Yuyan, Xu Juanjuan, Ou Xiaohua Sep 2026

Effects Of Different Extraction Methods On The Chemical Composition And Antioxidant Activity Of Guangfoshou Essential Oil, Wang Youdi, Chen Wentao, Yan Bin, Xu Shuling, Lyu Yiting, Yang Yuyan, Xu Juanjuan, Ou Xiaohua

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To comparatively evaluate the effects of three extraction methods, i.e., steam distillation (SD), enzyme-assisted steam distillation (EHSD), and ultrasound-assisted steam distillation (UASD), on the extraction efficiency, chemical composition, and bioactivity of Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis (Guangfoshou) essential oil. [Methods] Guangfoshou essential oil was extracted using SD, EHSD, and UASD. The chemical constituents of the essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Cluster heatmap analysis was employed to compare differences in essential oil composition obtained by the three extraction methods. Antioxidant activity was assessed based on total antioxidant capacity, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and hydroxyl radical scavenging …

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Effects Of Frost Mulberry Leaf Powder On Properties Of Dough And Quality Of Bread, Zhang Erfang, Feng Yan, Zhang Yixin Sep 2026

Effects Of Frost Mulberry Leaf Powder On Properties Of Dough And Quality Of Bread, Zhang Erfang, Feng Yan, Zhang Yixin

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To explore the effects of frost mulberry leaf powder (FMLP) on the processing characteristics of dough and the quality and storage properties of bread. [Methods] FMLP is blended with wheat flour, and the rheological properties of the dough are analyzed by a rheometer. Bread quality is evaluated in terms of texture, color, specific volume, and sensory attributes. The TOPSIS method is adopted for comprehensive evaluation, and variations in moisture and hardness of bread during storage are compared. [Results] The addition of FMLP increases the G', G", and tanδ of the dough, enhances the hardness and chewiness of the bread, …

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Research Progress In Extraction Of Food Functional Ingredients With Subcritical Dimethyl Ether, Wan Xiaofu, Pan Le, Li Muchun Sep 2026

Research Progress In Extraction Of Food Functional Ingredients With Subcritical Dimethyl Ether, Wan Xiaofu, Pan Le, Li Muchun

Food and Machinery

With the growing demand for high-quality natural product extracts, dimethyl ether as a new green solvent operating under subcritical conditions has exhibited notable benefits for the extraction of lipids, carotenoids, and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, attributable to its distinctive physicochemical characteristics. This paper reviews the progress in the application of dimethyl ether in natural product extraction, focusing on its advantages in treating biomass with high moisture content, improving extraction efficiency, and reducing energy consumption and environmental load, with a view to providing reference for the application of subcritical dimethyl ether in extraction.

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Functional Components And Food Application Progress Of Almond By-Products, Xie Jingyi, Wang Wanqing, Wang Xinyi, Yuan Chunle, Li Yuna, Hua Wei Sep 2026

Functional Components And Food Application Progress Of Almond By-Products, Xie Jingyi, Wang Wanqing, Wang Xinyi, Yuan Chunle, Li Yuna, Hua Wei

Food and Machinery

As the global almond industry expands rapidly, large quantities of by-products are generated during processing (such as green hulls, shells, and skins), which are rich in functional constituents including polyphenols, flavonoids, dietary fibers, and volatile aroma compounds. This review summarizes the compositional characteristics and extraction technologies of these by-products, while elucidating their potential applications in food and biomaterials, with a specific focus on their antioxidant properties, bioactivities, and structural features. Furthermore, in light of recent research advances, the review further discusses poor stability, low bioavailability, challenges in processing compatibility, and other problems, proposing enhancement strategies such as nano-delivery, structural modification, …

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Research Progress Of 3d Printing Technology In Food Texture Design, Ou Suiling, Xie Zihong Sep 2026

Research Progress Of 3d Printing Technology In Food Texture Design, Ou Suiling, Xie Zihong

Food and Machinery

Food texture is a key factor influencing consumer acceptance. With the growing demand for personalized and health-oriented diets, the technical bottlenecks of traditional food processing methods have gradually become apparent in texture control and diversified texture presentation. Owing to its flexible and personalized characteristics, 3D printing offers a novel approach for food texture design. This paper reviews the textures that can be personalized and optimized by 3D printing through material modulation, structural modeling, and equipment optimization. Furthermore, this paper analyzes the challenges faced by this technology, including cooking adaptability, food safety assurance, and consumer acceptance, proposing corresponding solutions.

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Showcasing Student Scholarship: Digitalcommons@Uri And Pressbooks, Julia Lovett Sep 2026

Showcasing Student Scholarship: Digitalcommons@Uri And Pressbooks, Julia Lovett

Faculty Learning Day 2026

Would your students like to publish their scholarship beyond the classroom? In this session, participants will learn how to utilize DigitalCommons@URI, our institutional repository, for sharing and preserving student research projects. We will also look at Pressbooks, a tool for both creating new content and discovering existing open educational resources. Finally, we will touch on how faculty can utilize these tools for faculty scholarship.

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Spectator 2026-09-19, Editors Of The Spectator Sep 2026

Spectator 2026-09-19, Editors Of The Spectator

The Spectator

No abstract provided.

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Class(Room) Culture: New Conceptualization And A Model Of Culture-Aware Teaching, Ravit Heskiau Sep 2026

Class(Room) Culture: New Conceptualization And A Model Of Culture-Aware Teaching, Ravit Heskiau

International Journal of Transformative Teaching and Learning in Higher Education

As higher education becomes increasingly personalized and students’ individual identities are increasingly considered, this article explores the concept of classroom culture as part of assessing, embracing, and shaping each class’s shared characteristics as a collective. I define classroom culture and explain why it is paramount for educators to understand the unique cultures of their classes and actively assess them, striking a balance between supporting classroom culture and shaping it. Following a critical literature review, I demonstrate the application of commonly used cultural frameworks from the organizational culture literature to higher education classes. Specifically, I expand on how they can help …

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Possible Fluid Contributions From Active Faults To Mercury Distribution In Surface Sediments Of The Gemlik Gulf And Health Risk Assessment, Erol Sari, M. Namik Çağatay, Tuğçe Nagi̇han Arslan Kaya, Zeynep Çeti̇n, Nuray Çağlar Sep 2026

Possible Fluid Contributions From Active Faults To Mercury Distribution In Surface Sediments Of The Gemlik Gulf And Health Risk Assessment, Erol Sari, M. Namik Çağatay, Tuğçe Nagi̇han Arslan Kaya, Zeynep Çeti̇n, Nuray Çağlar

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Gemlik Gulf, located in the eastern part of the Sea of Marmara (Türkiye), is recognized as a relatively contaminated marine environment, influenced by a variety of natural and anthropogenic inputs. A comprehensive geochemical study was performed to examine the distribution of total mercury (THg) in surface sediments and to elucidate the possible sources contributing to its accumulation. The analysis revealed that THg concentrations ranged from 485 to 6486 ng/g, with all measured values substantially exceeding the average shale background concentration of 400 ng/g, indicating significant enrichment. According to sediment quality guidelines, none of the samples exceeded the effects range …

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Paleoecology Of Loftusia Species (Large Benthic Foraminifera) In The Zagros Basin, North Of The Neotethys, Hossein Ghanbarloo, Amrollah Safari Sep 2026

Paleoecology Of Loftusia Species (Large Benthic Foraminifera) In The Zagros Basin, North Of The Neotethys, Hossein Ghanbarloo, Amrollah Safari

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Paleoecological analyses based on the wall structure of the genus Loftusia were carried out in the Maastrichtian deposits of seven outcrops of the Zagros Basin. Two types of particles are present within the wall structure: (1) tiny fossil grains and (2) detrital grains. Tiny fossil grains consist of smaller foraminifera and other small microorganism tests. Foraminiferal tests are associated with miliolid, textulariid, and rotaliid forms. Detrital grains include intraclasts and extraclasts. The presence of different particles in the test wall of this genus and the abundance of this genus in nutrient-rich conditions indicate that Loftusia are probably opportunistic foraminifera. This …

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Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Prediabetes Pada Perawat Di Rumah Sakit X Tahun 2025, Putri Nurhaliza, Chandrayani Simanjorang, Agung Raharjo Sep 2026

Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Prediabetes Pada Perawat Di Rumah Sakit X Tahun 2025, Putri Nurhaliza, Chandrayani Simanjorang, Agung Raharjo

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Prediabetes dapat berkembang menjadi diabetes melitus dan meningkatkan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Selain itu, beban ekonomi juga meningkat akibat tingginya biaya pelayanan kesehatan dan penurunan produktivitas kerja. Salah satu kelompok berisiko prediabetes adalah perawat karena karakteristik pekerjaannya, seperti penerapan sistem kerja sif serta tingginya beban dan tekanan kerja yang dapat memicu stres. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian prediabetes pada perawat di Rumah Sakit X pada tahun 2025. Desain studi yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional dengan sumber data primer yang dikumpulkan melalui pengisian kuesioner dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari laporan hasil medical check-up tahun 2025. Populasi dalam …

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Cold Plasma Seed Treating And Plasma-Activated Water: An Innovative, Sustainable Method To Improve Salinity Tolerance And Crop Yields In Sweet Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.), Sura Muayad Abdul Majeed, Mushtak F. Karomi Kisko Sep 2026

Cold Plasma Seed Treating And Plasma-Activated Water: An Innovative, Sustainable Method To Improve Salinity Tolerance And Crop Yields In Sweet Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.), Sura Muayad Abdul Majeed, Mushtak F. Karomi Kisko

Baghdad Science Journal

This study evaluated the efficacy of cold plasma (CP) and plasma-activated water (PAW) in mitigating salinity stress on sweet pepper. Seeds were exposed to CP for durations of 0, 60, and 180 seconds, then irrigated with saline solutions at 0, 4, and 8 dS/m NaCl, and sprayed with tap water, potassium nitrate, or PAW. Results showed that increased salinity significantly hindered plant growth and fruit yield. i.e. declines were observed in leaf area, shoot dry weight, and productivity, by 18.67%, 19.11%, and 17.56%, respectively, at an 8 dS/m salinity level compared to non-salinity conditions. CP treatment significantly alleviated these adverse …

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Study Of Tissue Granzyme A & B And Their Relationship To Some Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines In Iraqi Patients With Ulcerative Colitis, Braihan Hamdi Hameed, Summer Saad Abdalhusian, Naser Elias Khudhur, Ekhlas Saddam Falih Sep 2026

Study Of Tissue Granzyme A & B And Their Relationship To Some Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines In Iraqi Patients With Ulcerative Colitis, Braihan Hamdi Hameed, Summer Saad Abdalhusian, Naser Elias Khudhur, Ekhlas Saddam Falih

Baghdad Science Journal

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic inflammatory disorder of the colon and the most prevalent form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) worldwide. Cytotoxic T cells are one of the most important cells in the immunopathogenesis of IBD. These cells produce serine protease granzymes that initiate an apoptotic cascade that may contribute to intestinal tissue damage in IBD. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the tissue mRNA expression and serum levels of Granzyme A and Granzyme B in UC patients and to investigate their association with the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and Oncostatin M. A total of 80 Iraqi individuals were …

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Design, Synthesis, And Biological Evaluation Of Novel Heterocyclic Derivatives Incorporating 2-Carboxyindole Core, Aya T. Abdulameer, Sameaa J. Khammas Sep 2026

Design, Synthesis, And Biological Evaluation Of Novel Heterocyclic Derivatives Incorporating 2-Carboxyindole Core, Aya T. Abdulameer, Sameaa J. Khammas

Baghdad Science Journal

The current research deals with 2-carboxyindole, with emphasizing their biological activities. Indole derivatives that well-known for their wide biological characteristics like anticancer, antiviral, and antibacterial activities, were modified by adding Schiff base and beta-lactam frameworks in order to boost their therapeutics prospective. The compounds have been synthesized in a series of steps, which involved Mannich reactions, aldehyde condensation, as well as beta-lactam formation with chloroacetyl chloride. TLC, FTIR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopy have been employed to identify the structural details. Schiff base derivatives containing nitro (-NO2) as well as chlorine (-Cl) substituents exhibited high antibacterial as …

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Multidimensional Biomarker Profiling For Differentiating Rheumatoid Arthritis And Osteoarthritis In Postmenopausal Women, Kareem Salim Abod, Salma Abdulredha Abbas Sep 2026

Multidimensional Biomarker Profiling For Differentiating Rheumatoid Arthritis And Osteoarthritis In Postmenopausal Women, Kareem Salim Abod, Salma Abdulredha Abbas

Baghdad Science Journal

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are common, but pathophysiologically distinct disorders that disproportionately affect postmenopausal women. Conventional biomarkers remain limited, particularly in seronegative RA and early OA. This study evaluated a multidimensional biomarker panel covering inflammatory, oxidative, hormonal, and extracellular matrix (ECM) markers to define disease-related patterns and discriminatory potential. A cross-sectional case-control study was conducted on 90 postmenopausal women classified into RA, OA, and healthy control groups (n=30 each). Serum C-reactive protein (CRP), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP), interleukin-33 (IL-33), interleukin-36 (IL-36), estradiol (E2), matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), and aggrecan were measured by ELISA. Oxidative stress was assessed using malondialdehyde …

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Integrated Application Of Hydrogen Sulphide And Gibberellic Acid Enhances Salinity Stress Tolerance In Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.), Houneida Attia, Khalid H. Alamer Sep 2026

Integrated Application Of Hydrogen Sulphide And Gibberellic Acid Enhances Salinity Stress Tolerance In Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.), Houneida Attia, Khalid H. Alamer

Baghdad Science Journal

This study investigated the role of exogenously applied hydrogen sulfide (HS; 50 μM) and gibberellic acid (GA; 200 mg L1) in alleviating salt stress (100 mM NaCl) in wheat. The applied HS and GA significantly improved plant height, biomass, chlorophyll and carotenoids, with the highest enhancement under their combined application. Salt stress markedly increased hydrogen peroxide, methylglyoxal, lipid peroxidation, lipoxygenase and NADPH oxidase, whereas HS and GA treatment reduced these effects. Both HS and GA further enhanced proline and sugar accumulation, increased γ -glutamyl kinase activity, and decreased proline oxidase. Activities of antioxidant enzymes and the glyoxalase …

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