Digital Commons Network^™

Independence Of Spectral Contrast Effects Across Different Frequency Regions In Speech Perception, Christian E. Stilp, Matthew B. Winn

Speech Pathology and Audiology Faculty Research and Publications

Identification of speech sounds is influenced by spectral contrast effects (SCEs), the perceptual magnification of spectral differences between successive sounds. SCEs result in the categorization of a target sound being biased away from spectral properties in the preceding acoustic context. Given remarkable consistency in the magnitudes of these contrast effects within the same frequency region, it was hypothesized that they would also show stable relationships across different frequency regions. In this study, normal-hearing listeners’ phoneme categorization and contrast effects were assessed where phonetic contrasts were driven by changes in low-frequency F₁ (“big”-“beg” continuum), mid-frequency F₃ (“dot”-“got”), or high-frequency …

Beyond Mean Length Of Utterance: Novel Measures For Characterizing The Spoken Language Of Autistic Children, Janine Mathee-Scott, Courtney E. Venker

Speech Pathology and Audiology Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose:

Mean length of utterance (MLU) is a common measure of expressive language complexity in young children, including autistic children. However, means, by nature, obscure some information about spread and variability in data. Thus, we aimed to examine a new approach to characterizing linguistic complexity in autistic children by investigating the validity of two novel measures—range of length of utterance (RLU), standard deviation of length of utterance (SDLU)—alongside established measures: MLU and total utterances (TU).

Method:

Participants were 40 autistic children (12 girls, 28 boys; M_age = 41.78 months). Children participated in 10-min, play-based language samples with their caregivers. …

Benzodiazepine Co-Exposure Among Patients Presenting To The Emergency Department With A Confirmed Opioid Overdose, Adrienne Hughes, Hannah Spungen, Rachel Culbreth, Kim Aldy, Alex Krotulski, Robert G Hendrickson, Alexandra Amaducci, Bryan Judge, Christopher Meaden, Diane P Calello, Jennie Buchanan, Joseph Carpenter, Joshua Shulman, Jeffrey Brent, Paul Wax, Sharan Campleman, Michael Levine, Evan Schwarz, Alex F Manini

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Simultaneous exposure to both benzodiazepines and opioids can lead to synergistic respiratory depression, complicating overdose management. Our objective was to report on the detection of prescription and novel benzodiazepine co-exposures among patients treated in emergency departments (EDs) with suspected opioid overdoses. We aimed to describe novel benzodiazepine exposures in this population and to compare the clinical severity of co-exposure to benzodiazepines and opioids versus opioids alone.

Methods: This study utilized data from the Toxicology Investigators Consortium (ToxIC) Fentalog Study, an observational study at 10 ED sites (Sept 2020-Dec 2023). Waste serum samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight …

Regulatory Design Choices For Ai: The What, The Who And The How, Aziz Z. Huq

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

This chapter identifies three common design choices that must be made in the course of an effort to regulate artificial intelligence “AI”). By isolating the way in which those different sovereign regulators approach these choices in respect to AI, it is possible to evaluate more clearly the likely effects of regulation, and to better understand aspects of regulatory design that to date have been overlooked. First, the “what” of AI regulation is not just a matter of how “AI” is defined, but also which element of the technology stack is targeted by law: compute, data, or models. Second, the “who” …

Why General Law?, Samuel L. Bray, Christian R. Burset

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

It has been almost a century since the Supreme Court said in Erie, “There is no general federal common law.” But the general law is in the middle of a controversial revival. Instead of siding with the adherents or detractors of general law, this Essay explores why general law emerges, and why it disappears. Three episodes of the emergence of general law are considered: the rise of general law in the late-eighteenth century British Empire, the rise of general law in the early American Republic, and the rise of general law in twenty-first century originalist and textualist scholarship. In each …

Slicing Spontaneity, Lee Anne Fennell

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

No abstract provided.

Fee Simple Obsolete, Lee Anne Fennell

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

Urbanization has dramatically altered the way in which land generates and forfeits value. The dominant economic significance of patterns of land use and the opportunity costs of foregone complementarities have made the capacity to reconfigure urban property essential. Yet the architecture of our workhorse tenure form—the fee simple—is ill-suited to meet these challenges. The fee simple grants a perpetual monopoly on a piece of physical space—an ideal strategy when temporal spillovers loom large, interdependence among parcels is low, most value is produced within the four corners of the property, and cross-boundary externalities come in forms that governance strategies can readily …

Redundant Public-Private Enforcement, Zachary D. Clopton

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

Redundancy is a four-letter word. According to courts and scholars, redundant litigation is costly, unfair, and confounding. Modern civil procedure has a (nearly) maximalist preference for centralization, and various rules seek to limit duplicative suits within and across court systems. This seemingly dominant view stands in marked contrast to the reality of the modern regulatory state. Redundant public-private enforcement, in which public and private actors have overlapping authority to enforce the law, is ubiquitous. Redundant enforcement also is noticeably underrepresented in the substantial literature on private and public enforcement, which typically treats government agencies and private attorneys general as substitutes …

What Legal Authority Does The Fed Need During A Financial Crisis?, Eric A. Posner

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

The financial crisis of 2007-2008 exposed gaps in the law that authorizes federal agencies to provide emergency liquidity support. This essay describes the ways in which legal constraints hampered response to the crisis, proposes reforms that would make possible a unified and strong response, and criticizes the Dodd-Frank Act for weakening, rather than strengthening, the crisis-response agencies.

Inter-Agency Coordination, Jennifer Nou

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

Conventional accounts portray agency design as the outcome of congressional and presidential quests for political control. This perspective aligns with administrative law’s preoccupation with agencies’ external constraints. The main unit of analysis from this point of view is the agency, and the central question is how political principals outside of the agency restrain it. In reality, however, agency actors must also abide by controls internal to the agency: how do these mechanisms arise and what explains their design? For their part, legislative and executive specifications invariably leave organizational slack. Agency heads thus possess substantial discretion to impose internal structures and …

Intercornual Distance And Postoperative Reproductive Outcomes In Moderate-To-Severe Intrauterine Adhesions: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Changfa Shu, Xiaoming Guan, Jia Guo, Dabao Xu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Study question: Does intercornual distance (ICD), as reflected by intrauterine stent size during hysteroscopic adhesiolysis, have an association with reproductive outcomes and provide information for postoperative risk stratification in women with moderate-to-severe intrauterine adhesions?

Summary answer: A smaller ICD was independently associated with a lower likelihood of clinical pregnancy within 1 year of the final hysteroscopy and may offer additional information for postoperative risk stratification in women with moderate-to-severe intrauterine adhesions.

What is known already: Reproductive outcomes following treatment for moderate-to-severe intrauterine adhesions vary considerably. Existing severity classifications offer limited discrimination within this group. The potential association between ICD and …

Utilizing A Culture System For Horizontal Cells To Study Neural Circuit Assembly In The Developing Mouse Retina, Collin Todora, Marlon F Mattos, Daniela Becerril, Rajashree Venkatraman, Arlene A Hirano, Nicholas C Brecha, Rinki Ratnapriya, Benjamin J Frankfort, Elizabeth Zuniga-Sanchez

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The precise wiring of the nervous system relies on neurons extending their processes at the right time and place to find their appropriate synaptic partner. The mechanisms that determine when and where neurons extend their neurites during synaptogenesis remains a central question in the field. In the present study, we used a cell culture system coupled with live imaging to investigate the wiring mechanisms in the developing mouse retina. We focused on horizontal cells which are a class of interneurons in the outer mouse retina known to synapse selectively to the distinct types of photoreceptors. Previous research has shown horizontal …

Molecular Heterogeneity Of Hpv-Associated Cancers And Strategies To Overcome Treatment Resistance, Danyal Daneshdoust, Anam Khan, Rani Mahyoob, Chongwen Cao, Zihao Yu, Nagireddy Putluri, Gennady Shvets, Haichang Li, Bo Zhao, Xuefeng Liu, Jenny Li

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major driver of global cancer incidence, responsible for nearly all cervical cancers and a significant proportion of oropharyngeal, anal, and other anogenital cancers. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, HPV-associated cancers persist due to persistent infection, immune evasion, and the virus's ability to integrate into the host genome, contributing to molecular heterogeneity and therapeutic resistance. Here, we summarize molecular heterogeneity and the emerging combined therapeutic strategies. High-risk HPV types, notably HPV16 and HPV18, initiate carcinogenesis through persistent infection of epithelial basal cells and through the actions of the E6 and E7 oncoproteins, which disrupt the …

Case Series Of Nizon-Isidor Syndrome By Heterozygous Variants In Med12l With Further Evidence Of Mitotic Instability In One Case With Diploid-Triploid Mosaicism, Brian Corner, Ashley Mcminn, Joy D Cogan, Rizwan Hamid, Lynette Rives, John A Phillips, Nina Paddu, Gitanjali Srivastava, Ronit Marom, Farah A Ladha, Claudia Soler-Alfonso, Rachel Franciskovich, Mary Koziura, Sumit Pruthi, Gabriele Richard, Christina B Sheedy, Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Thomas Cassini

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Nizon-Isidor syndrome is a rare disorder caused by heterozygous variants in MED12L, with only eight documented cases in the literature. Here, we present three additional cases of this syndrome. Proband 1 was a 7-year-old female who presented with developmental delay, right-leg hemihypertrophy, laryngeal cleft, esotropia, abnormal skin pigmentation, sectoral iris hypopigmentation, dysphagia, periventricular nodular heterotopia, seizures, morbid obesity, and a pelvic kidney. Genome sequencing (GS) revealed a MED12L variant, NM_053002.5:c.3559+2T>G. Both computational models and transcriptomic analysis confirmed that this variant induced splice loss of MED12L exon 25. Probands 2 and 3 presented with overlapping phenotypes of developmental delay; sequencing …

Transition To Tenecteplase Is Associated With Shorter Door-To-Puncture Times: A Retrospective Study From The Lone Star Stroke Consortium Tnk Registry, Mark P Goldberg, Andrew Slusher, Reza Behrouz, Alibay Jafarli, Siddarth Prasad, Daiwai Olson, Maria Denbow, Mehari Gebreyohanns, Asmiet Techan, Chethan P Venkatasubba Rao, Jane A Anderson, Barbara Kimmel, Anette Ovalle, Michele Patterson, Sean I Savitz, Salvador Cruz-Flores, Steven Warach, Lee Birnbaum

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Intravenous thrombolytic (IVT) and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) therapies are the current standard of care for large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke. Multiple studies emphasized the impact of time metrics on patient outcomes, particularly door-to-needle (DTN) and door-to-puncture (DTP) times. Tenecteplase (TNK) offers potential advantages over alteplase (ALT), including a simplified one-time bolus administration, which may reduce DTP time. Results suggest TNK is non-inferior to ALT in terms of clinical outcomes, but few large cohort studies have compared DTP time for patients receiving TNK vs. ALT prior to thrombectomy. This real-world study aimed to compare DTP times and discharge outcomes in …

Board Characteristics And Bank Performance: An Empirical Analysis Of The Size Effect In Emerging Economies, A. Bouteska, M. Kabir Hassan, Luca Pezzo, Jose Perez-Amuedo

Finance Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose

This paper aims to estimate the impacts of the board characteristics on bank performance in emerging countries, mainly focusing on the role of moderating factor.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the literature review and the feasible generalized least squares econometric method approach, 137 deposit banks from seven emerging countries, including Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Qatar, Malaysia and Turkey, are all examined in the 2010–2022 year period.

Findings

Bank size is suggested as the statistically significant factor that moderates the association among the board characteristics, i.e. board size, duality, government ownership and bank performance. Based on the bank size, …

At The Crossroads Of Law And Society: Understanding The World Of Immigration Attorneys., Elvis Ariri

Senior Independent Study Theses

This independent study examines the professional experiences of immigration attorneys working with immigrant clients in the United States. Through qualitative, semi-structured interviews, the research explores how immigration law operates in practice, emphasizing systemic complexity, administrative delay, and discretionary decision-making. Findings reveal that attorneys navigate a fragmented legal framework shaped by shifting policies, inconsistent adjudication, and high emotional stakes. Beyond technical expertise, immigration practice requires emotional resilience, ethical judgment, and strategic adaptability. By centering attorneys’ perspectives, this study highlights immigration law as a lived social system that structures belonging, exclusion, and stability, illuminating the gap between statutory intent and human consequence.

On Procedures And Democracy, Nicholas Bagley

Book Chapters

Something broke in America around 1970. The persistence of Jim Crow had given the lie to America’s promise of equality under the law. The environmental movement burst onto the scene with a blistering indictment of the wanton destruction of the natural world, the befouling of the air and of waterways, and the indiscriminate use of DDT. Urban planners recklessly destroyed neighborhoods in the name of redevelopment and rammed highways through Black communities. Lies and half-truths served to justify sending tens of thousands of young men to their deaths in Vietnam.

The End Of Administrative Pragmatism?, Andrew Hammond, Christopher J. Walker

Articles

For decades, the predominant theory in administrative law has been “administrative pragmatism”—i.e., a vision based on rules and doctrines that balance the interests in empowering agencies to fulfill their statutory mandates while constraining agencies from abusing the discretion Congress has delegated to them. In recent years, however, we have seen an “anti-administrativist” turn at the Supreme Court and, at least to some extent, in the rest of the federal judiciary. Although administrative pragmatism is no longer the predominant theory at the Court, that does not mean it has died. Administrative pragmatism remains the principal theory among administrative law scholars, agency …

Entrenching Incumbent Power: Medicare Advantage, Part D, And The Politics Of Health Reform, Samuel R. Bagenstos

Other Publications

During each of the past three Democratic presidential administrations, health policy has been a key domestic priority. President Clinton unsuccessfully sought to pass comprehensive health reform, before settling for important incremental expansions of health insurance coverage during his second term. President Obama successfully pushed the Affordable Care Act to enactment, though perhaps at the cost of losing Congress decisively in his first midterm election. And President Biden both dealt with the health-policy consequences of the COVID emergency and enacted a major reform of the Medicare prescription drug program, including the first-ever provision for the government to negotiate prices, in the …

Urban Beavers At The Crossroads: Understanding Public Perceptions And Coexistence Preferences Across Urban Landscapes, Matthew Guziejka, Heejun Chang

Geography Faculty Publications and Presentations

Urban beavers provide ecological benefits, yet their presence in cities can generate visible tensions related to flooding, infrastructure, and land use. This study examined how perceptions of beaver impacts, endorsement of management practices, ecological knowledge of beavers, and legal protection preferences varied across sociodemographic and spatial factors at three sites along an urbanisation gradient using a voluntary survey of 180 respondents. Overall sentiment toward beavers varied significantly by site context and length of residence. Respondents at the peri-urban site (37.3% developed land cover) reported more positive perceptions than those at the urban site (96.5% developed land cover). Respondents who had …