Digital Commons Network^™

Not All Sunshine In Wisconsin: The Cloudy Public Disclosure Predicament Surrounding Trade Secrets, Amelia S. Murray

Marquette Intellectual Property & Innovation Law Review

This Comment will explore the current landscape surrounding trade secret protections in Wisconsin Open Records Law requests. The lack of access to state-protected trade secrets, and overall lack of transparency, effectively endangers the general health and safety of the Wisconsin public and environment. When a request is made for information under the Wisconsin Open Records Law pertaining to state information protected by trade secret, and the requester is denied access to such information due to its trade secrecy status, the state should have to disclose trade secret information if it poses a greater danger to environmental health, human health, or …

From Software To Multimedia: How Warhol's Refinement Of The First Fair Use Factor Upholds Prior Rulings Across The Copyright Landscape, Graham Lemke

Marquette Intellectual Property & Innovation Law Review

“Fair use” is a commonly invoked term of legal art that dates back to the 19th century and has undergone significant transformation since its inception. Specifically, the first factor of fair use, encompassing transformativeness, purpose, and commercial use, has generated significant circuit splits, leading to disparate outcomes for litigants depending on the presiding circuit. In an attempt to alleviate the unharmonious application of the fair use doctrine, the Supreme Court of the United States granted certiorari to a 2023 Second Circuit case involving the famed Andy Warhol Foundation. However, in the wake of the opinion’s release, critics have claimed that …

Blood Diamonds Of The Digital Age: The Need For Multi-Perspective Legislation On Cryptocurrency, Peter Derdzinski

Marquette Intellectual Property & Innovation Law Review

This comment examines how cryptocurrency is used in illicit cross-border transactions before examining some of the means currently employed to combat this criminal activity. Through analysis of the European Union’s Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) regulations, this Comment proposes a multi-perspective approach for new legislation in the United States beyond the GENIUS Act of 2025. Specifically, this Comment argues that any new legislation needs to approach cryptocurrency as both a medium of exchange and as an investment vehicle or a store of value. Such legislation is necessary to create a trellis for cryptocurrency growth and to provide an organized approach for …

Risk, Reward, And Renewable Collateral: Can Ip Sustain Financing In Green Energy?, Nigel Blake

Marquette Intellectual Property & Innovation Law Review

As the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy accelerates, intellectual property has become one of the most valuable assets held by emerging green technology companies. Patents, trademarks, copyrights, and trade secrets often comprise a greater share of these companies' value than tangible assets, making intellectual property an increasingly important source of collateral for commercial financing. At the same time, the renewable energy industry presents unique valuation challenges. Rapid technological innovation, shifting government policies, evolving consumer preferences, and uncertain market demand can significantly affect the value of intellectual property, creating substantial risks for both borrowers and lenders.

This Comment examines …

The Impact Of A Kentucky Nutrition Education Program Social Marketing Campaign On Resident Health, Trinity Elizabeth Foster

Theses and Dissertations--Agricultural Economics

Poor diet quality and physical inactivity are common health issues in the United States. To remedy these issues among low-income households, the United States Department of Agriculture created the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education Program (SNAP-Ed), which promoted healthy eating and physically active lifestyles through multiple avenues. The social marketing approach of SNAP-Ed uses marketing strategies to relay information to the public. In Kentucky, a statewide billboard campaign was launched in 2018 encouraging residents to focus on nutrition and physical activity. This study investigates the impact of that campaign on health outcomes in counties throughout the state. Using billboard location …

A Golden Opportunity For New York: Caveat Emptor And Revised Mckinney's 465, Grady Miller

NYLS Law Review

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For centuries, the doctrine of caveat emptor has governed New York residential real estate transactions, rewarding sellers who do not disclose material defects affecting the property, and punishing unsuspecting buyers who fail to exercise due diligence. To alleviate the doctrine’s inherent unfairness to buyers, the New York …

Emden V. Museum Of Fine Arts, Houston, Beau Van Der Meulen

NYLS Law Review

No abstract provided.

People V. Riche, Timothy Mccormick

NYLS Law Review

No abstract provided.

Soft Diplomacy Today...Global Influence Tomorrow, Michael Sutnick

NYLS Law Review

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The United States stands at a critical juncture where its global influence depends on adapting visa and tourism …

How Does Residing In A Battleground State Explain Republican Elites Election-Denial Rhetoric On Social Media?, Caedmon P. Brewer

Theses and Dissertations--Political Science

After the 2020 election the U.S. democratic process was challenged by Republican challengers many of which were office holders including the president. Many of these criticisms were shared and perpetuated in online spaces What encourages elites to post on social media about election denialism? This paper attempts to partially answer the question by performing an analysis on Facebook posts made by 1,154 congressional candidates between 2023 and 2024 using a dictionary search method to flag posts for election denialism. I propose a theory that suggests the combination of political, financial, and media attention given to battleground states encourages candidates in …

Engagement Across The Cultural Divide: Accommodative Communication In The Study Abroad Context, Charles W. Choi Ph.D.

All Faculty Open Access Publications

Study abroad contexts can generate apprehension and reluctance to communicate across cultural difference, constraining opportunities for meaningful intercultural engagement. This qualitative study examines how students described intercultural willingness to communicate and intercultural competence during study abroad. Using Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT) as an interpretive framework, semi-structured interviews were analyzed thematically, yielding four interrelated themes: intercultural apprehension as it relates to a willingness to communicate, intergroup dynamics, accommodation, and intercultural communication competence. Participants described how apprehension and perceived group boundaries shaped whether interaction felt possible or worthwhile, while accommodation (both behavioral and psychological) helped them remain engaged, manage perceived distance, and …

Understanding Motor Competence In Autism And Developmental Coordination Disorder: From Everyday Performance To Underlying Postural Control Mechanisms, Crystal E. Alvarez

Kinesiology Dissertations

Motor competence plays a foundational role in children’s participation, physical activity, adaptive behavior, and overall quality of life. Although motor difficulties are highly prevalent in autism spectrum disorder (autism) and developmental coordination disorder (DCD), these challenges are frequently under-identified and insufficiently characterized, particularly in autistic populations. Existing research demonstrates substantial overlap in motor challenges across autism and DCD; however, relatively little work has integrated caregiver perceptions, standardized motor assessment, and mechanistic postural control measures within the same investigation. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation was to examine motor competence and postural control in autistic children, children with DCD, and neurotypical …

Ultra-Low Noise Ion Detection For Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay Searches, Karen E. Navarro

Physics Dissertations

Neutrinos are the most abundant particles in the universe that carry mass. Yet, we know very little about them since they are electrically neutral and interact weakly. A small instance after the Big Bang, an imbalance occurred that caused matter to be produced in greater quantities than antimatter. A leading candidate for this unexplained process is leptogenesis. Leptogenesis predicts that neutrinos are Majorana particles: a particle that is its own antiparticle. Today, particle detectors are being constructed to search for this property through the yet unobserved neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) . If observed, this would demonstrate that neutrinos are …

The Use Of Performance Feedback To Decrease Latency Of Clinical Documentation, Taylor Reynolds

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Organizational behavior management (OBM) applies behavior-analytic principles to workplace settings. This study evaluated the effects of performance feedback on documentation latency among full-time staff in an ABA clinic. Reducing documentation latency is intended to improve the timeliness and accuracy of clinical documentation and to reduce risk related to non-reimbursement and liability. An ABABC design was used to evaluate the effects of performance feedback and the addition of a lottery reinforcement system on documentation latency. For each participant, the sequence consisted of a standard feedback phase (A), an enhanced feedback phase (B), a return to standard feedback phase (A), a reintroduction …

Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (Pfos)-Induced Disruption Of Mitochondrial Activity And Cell Adhesion In Liver Cells, Phuong Dam Nam Tran

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a persistent environmental pollutant associated with potential hepatoxic effects and other health risks. Despite its widespread distribution, the mechanisms underlying its toxicities remain to be fully understood. To investigate PFOS toxicology, my study utilized HepG2 and THLE-2 human hepatic cell models to replicate conditions reflecting PFOS accumulation in the liver. Cell viability, cell stress, and cell death assays were conducted to assess the toxicological influence of the chemical on both cell lines. Total RNA extraction was performed, followed by cDNA sequencing, and RT-qPCR. The XTT viability assay revealed a dose-dependent decrease in number of viable cells …

Établissement De L'Équivalence De La Méthode Irsst 381 Pour La Mesure De L'Exposition Professionnelle Aux Fumées D'Asphalte En Conformité Avec La Nouvelle Valeur D'Exposition Admissible, Simon Aubin, Ousmane Bangoura, Corina Tue

États de la question, rapports d’expertise et revues de littérature

Depuis quelques décennies, la valeur d’exposition admissible consiste en une valeur d’exposition moyenne pondérée (VEMP) des fumées d’asphalte est de 5 mg/m³, prélevée en fraction « particules totales », pour laquelle une mesure gravimétrique non spécifique est préconisée. (Règlement sur la santé et la sécurité du travail) Une nouvelle VEMP entre en vigueur en mars 2026 avec la valeur et l’expression suivante : 1,5 mg/m³ [particules et vapeur exprimée en fraction soluble dans le benzène ou son équivalent] prélevé en fraction « particules totales » (Pt). La méthode préconisée pour soutenir cette VEMP est la …

Les Répercussions Des Changements Climatiques Sur La Sst : État Des Lieux Et Pistes D'Action, Sophie De Serres, Alain Marchand

États de la question, rapports d’expertise et revues de littérature

Cet état des lieux expose les répercussions multidimensionnelles des changements climatiques (CC) sur la santé et la sécurité du travail (SST), en se concentrant sur les contextes nord-américain et européen. L'augmentation de la température moyenne mondiale, qui atteint désormais +1,2 °C par rapport à l'ère préindustrielle, transforme les conditions de travail et exacerbe les dangers professionnels existants. Le stress thermique induit par la chaleur excessive provoque des pathologies allant de l'épuisement au coup de chaleur mortel, tout en dégradant la vigilance et en augmentant le risque de blessures traumatiques. Au-delà des atteintes physiques, les CC aggravent les risques psychosociaux, engendrant …

Predicting The Effectiveness Of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Using Personality Assessmente, Seth Sizemore

Psychology Doctoral Specialization Projects

Depression, a pervasive and historically stigmatized disorder, has been treated through various paradigms over centuries, from spiritual to medical frameworks. Despite advances, Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) remains a significant clinical challenge, affecting a substantial proportion of patients. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) offers a promising approach for those unresponsive to conventional treatments. This study aims to assess the efficacy of TMS in treating TRD and its broader psychological effects using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3). Participants undergoing TMS at Lexington Forensic Psychiatry were invited to partake in the study. The treatment regimen consisted of 36 TMS sessions over nine weeks. Psychological …

Assessment Of Risk Factors In Sexual Offenders, Jennifer Bulin

Psychology Doctoral Specialization Projects

This review provides a comprehensive overview of the importance and historical development of sex offender risk assessment, highlighting its critical role in managing public safety and guiding treatment interventions. This project traces the evolution of these assessments, from early methods focused on static risk factors to contemporary approaches that incorporate dynamic elements. The review discusses the most commonly used risk assessment tools for both adults and juveniles, evaluating their methodologies, strengths, and limitations. Assessments reviewed to be used with adults include the Static-99, Static-2002, Minnesota Sex Offender Screening Tool Revised (MNSOST-R), Rapid Risk Assessment for Sex Offence Recidivism (RRASOR), Sex …

The Underdiagnosis Of Neurodevelopmental Disorders In Women: Recognizing A Spectrum Of Symptoms, Taylor D. Bloomhuff

Psychology Doctoral Specialization Projects

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have long been viewed as predominantly male diagnoses. Based on foundational studies for these disorders, not only are they more prevalent in male children, but symptom severity is also higher in male children. In attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in particular, it has become a common assumption that hyperactive/impulsive and combined types are ‘male’ ADHD presentations, while the inattentive type corresponds to the few female children who meet diagnostic criteria. However, emerging research looking at the decrease in autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder prevalence rates between gender in adulthood suggests that these neurodevelopmental disorders …

Artificial Intelligence In Crisis Communication: Investigating Source Effects And Matched Crisis Responses On Stakeholder Perceptions, Erika Schneider Ph.D., Victoria Kyriakopoulos, Youngji Seo, Nalae Hong, Moon Lee, Joon Soo Lim

Media Studies - All Scholarship

As public relations efforts increasingly integrate AI into operations, examining how the disclosure of AI as the source in organizational crisis communications affects public perceptions is increasingly relevant. This research investigates the effects of AI disclosure across matched crisis responses within a 3 (match crisis response: victim crisis-scapegoating, accidental crisis-excuse, preventable crisis-apology) x 2 (source disclosure: AI vs. human) experimental design survey. Key findings reveal that crisis responses with human sources, compared to those with AI disclosure, led to greater perceptions of organizational reputation and credibility across the three matched crisis responses. AI-disclosed messages from the company were also associated …

Physical Therapist Assistant Mobility Handbook, Sandra M. Ribeiro Dr., Emie Hyman

Open Educational Resources

This is a manual that will move through the various formats of mobility. As part of the Physical Therapist Assistant Program, students must gain knowledge and skill acquisition to support independence. One such way is to help individuals gain or regain mobility. There are many ways that individuals can access their environments. The choice of type of mobility depends on many factors and changes over time. Students must develop an understanding of such factors in making decisions and learn to safely foster forms of mobility. The ones developed in this manual will cover bed mobility, transfers, wheelchair mobility, and ambulation. …

Dwight King Service Award, Black Law Students Association, Ndls

Student, Faculty, and Staff Awards

Presented by Notre Dame Black Law Students Association to a BLSA member who has devoted considerable time, energy, and attention to both BLSA and the Notre Dame Law School community.

Colonel William J. Hoynes Award, Notre Dame Law School

Student, Faculty, and Staff Awards

The Hoynes Prize, is a gift of Dean William James Hoynes, 1878, LL.D. 1888, first dean of the Notre Dame Law School.

To the graduating law class member who has the best record in scholarship, application, deportment, and achievement.

Graciela Olivarez Award, Hispanic Law Students Association, Ndls

Student, Faculty, and Staff Awards

The Notre Dame Hispanic Law Student Association, HLSA, annually recognizes The Outstanding Hispanic Lawyer or Judge that best exemplifies the principles and ideals of the pioneer for whom this award is named, including commitment to community service, demonstration of the highest ethical and moral standards, and dedication to justice.

Arthur Abel Memorial Competition Writing Award, Notre Dame Law Review

Student, Faculty, and Staff Awards

Each spring, the Notre Dame Law Review accepts entries for the annual Arthur Abel Memorial Writing Competition. Arthur Abel was a 1985 graduate (see page 26) of the Law School, serving on both the Notre Dame Law Review (Note, 60 Notre Dame L. Rev. 1187 (1985)) and the Journal of Legislation (Note, 11 J. Legis. 317 (1984)). After several years in private practice, Arthur served as Assistant General Counsel at the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. A tireless attorney possessed of a keen intellect and a wonderful sense of humor, Arthur achieved much success in a short period of time. …

Tia B. Paulette And Erika S. Gustin Award, Notre Dame Law School

Student, Faculty, and Staff Awards

Given to the third-year law students who have demonstrated a personal and professional commitment to criminal justice and the public interest while furthering the goals of the Exoneration Justice Clinic and Notre Dame Exoneration Project student group.

Awards For Outstanding Achievement, Notre Dame Law School

Student, Faculty, and Staff Awards

The Law School's programs of study are available for students who want to concentrate on a particular area of the law. Students are not required to choose one of these programs, and none of them has an application process. The programs simply serve as guides to help students identify courses and experiential learning opportunities that align with their interests. Annually, outstanding achievement is awarded to the top student(s) in each program.

Edward J. Kelly Prize In Elder Law, Notre Dame Law School

Student, Faculty, and Staff Awards

The Elder Law Prize is intended to advance the study of elder law and to encourage and assist Notre Dame Law students who may have an interest in this field. This award is given annually to the NDLS student who has written the best essay, article, or legal brief on a topic relating to elder law. Due to a gift from the Retirement Research Foundation on behalf of Mr. Ed Kelly, the winner of the award will receive a monetary prize.

Champions For Justice Award, Notre Dame Law School

Student, Faculty, and Staff Awards

The students recognized during the Champion for Justice reception have exemplified Father Theodore Hesburgh’s call to hunger for justice and “realize that competence in the law without compassion leads the lawyer to use the law for other purposes than the works of justice and blinds him to the sad plight of persons who suffer injustice for want of a lawyer champion.”

The following graduating law students have exhibited extraordinary commitment to public service during their time in law school. Through their participation in summer internships and/or law school clinics and externships, they have demonstrated a lasting commitment to serving others …