Digital Commons Network^™

Psychological And Clinical Risk Factors For Substance Use In People With And Without Hiv, Joanna M Hobson, Shameka L Cody, Shannon R Gilstrap, Michael A Owens, Myles D Moody, Dyan M White-Gilliam, Stephen Justin Thomas, Emily J Bartley, Burel R Goodin

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BackgroundDespite growing concerns, limited research has demonstrated how psychological factors influence substance use in people with HIV (PWH). Therefore, we examined the association between heightened vigilance and substance use outcomes in people with (PWH) and without HIV (PWoH), while accounting for key risk factors.MethodsParticipants (n = 138) were recruited from an HIV clinic and the surrounding community, completing a urine drug screener (UDS) and questionnaires.ResultsPWH reported greater insomnia (

Characteristics Of Cerebral Palsy In The Midwestern Us, Susie Kim, Kelsey Steffen, Lauren Gottschalk-Henneberry, Jennifer Miros, Amy Robichaux-Viehoever, Karen Taca, Bhooma R Aravamuthan

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common lifelong motor disability worldwide. Yet, data is limited on how CP manifests in the US. Our objective was to characterize and determine factors affecting functional outcomes in a large population of young people with CP in the Midwestern US.

METHODS: We integrated caregiver and clinician-facing standardized data entry into routine clinical care at a tertiary care CP center (https://bit.ly/CP-Intake-Methodology). We extracted this data for people with an ICD10 diagnosis of CP seen between March 22, 2023 and December 28, 2023 and used it to describe CP characteristics and determine factors affecting the …

The Cognitive-Affective Social Processing And Emotion Regulation (Casper) Model, M Catalina Camacho, Elina Deshpande, Michael T Perino

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Humans are intensely social creatures. It is therefore not surprising that many psychiatric disorder criteria include social dysfunctions; however, overlapping presentations and diverse, complex etiologies make treating social dysfunctions difficult. Here, we introduce the Cognitive Affective Social Processing and Emotion Regulation (CASPER) model. CASPER integrates research from social psychology, cognitive neuroscience, and developmental science to describe how real-world social processing unfolds and is associated with differing psychiatric social cognitive neurophenotypes. Briefly, social processing can be broken down into the following cognitive steps: identifying relevant social cues, attending to related cues, interpreting cues, and adjusting behavior appropriately. Each of these steps …

The Relationship Between Enablement Sentiment And Kpi Achievement, Stefanie Boyer, David E. Fleming, Michael Rodriguez, Tom Tonkin

Marketing Department Faculty Journal Articles

Sales enablement (defined as the "activities, systems, processes and information that support and promote knowledge-based sales interactions with client and prospects” (Gartner, n.d.)) has evolved from a tactical resource to a strategic organizational function, crucial for aligning sales and marketing. Despite its importance, there is a lack of research on how 'sentiment' (perceptions toward enablement) influnces key performance indicators (KPI). This exploratory survey of sales and enablement professionals investigates sentiment across individual, team, and company levels, and its relationship with KPI achievement. Results reveal positive relationships between sentiment and performance outcomes at all levels with organizational sentiment being the strongest …

A Neurophenomenological Perspective On The Self And Spirituality: The Role Of The Affective Core Self, Michael J. Winkelman, Andrew B. Newberg

Marcus Institute of Integrative Health Faculty Papers

The self is central to spirituality because the self is necessary for consciousness, and spiritual relations are fundamentally about the self. Diverse research illustrates the role of the downregulation of the right parietal lobe (rPL) in the spontaneous manifestation of spiritual experiences and during meditative practices. The functions of the rPL are central to the self, especially the embodied self. Disturbances of the rPL and embodied self-functions are associated with spiritual experience, exemplified in their association with “selflessness.” Many forms of self appear incompatible with spiritual and mystical experiences. An exception is the affective core self, the most ancient form …

Perception Of Dementia Risk Among Black Adults: An Ecological Analysis Of Causal Loop Diagrams With A Structural And Social Determinant Of Health Composite Index, Jean-Francois Trani, Ramkrishna K Singh, Alexis Ib Walker, Semere Bekena, Yiqi Zhu, Ganesh M Babulal, Robbie Hart

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: To investigate drivers of dementia risk disparities among older Black Americans using a community-based system dynamics (CBSD) approach.

METHODS: Over 18 months, 234 participants created 36 causal loop diagrams (CLDs) on dementia risk. An ecological analysis compared structural differences across groups based on scores on a structural and social determinants of health composite index (S/SDOH-CI).

RESULTS: Groups in the highest SDOH-CI quantile were more likely to identify key protective pathways linking mental health, substance use, exercise, medication, and community support to reduce dementia risk. In contrast, fewer than 25% of low-SDOH-CI groups identified these connections, and under 15% recognized …

The Association Between Major Depressive Disorder, Plasma Biomarkers Of Alzheimer's Disease, And Mild Behavioral Impairment Among Older Adults, Yiqi Zhu, Jean-Francois Trani, Ramkrishna K Singh, Semere Bekena, Jonathan Williams, Eric J Lenze, Ganesh M Babulal

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Plasma biomarkers and mild behavioral impairment (MBI) are associated with dementia risk, but their relationships with major depressive disorder (MDD) are understudied. This study aimed to examine associations between plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and MBI among older adults with and without MDD.

METHODS: Older adults aged ≥65 were recruited from longitudinal studies of depression and AD (

RESULTS: Older adults with MDD were more likely to endorse MBI. After adjustment, Aβ42/Aβ40 and p-tau217/np-tau217 positivity were associated with MBI among those with MDD but not among those without.

DISCUSSION: Neuropsychatric symptoms (NPS) and biomarkers are AD risk factors. …

Reliability Of Remote Self-Administered Web-Based Digital Cognitive Measures And Comparison To In-Person Neuropsychological Tests: Stricker Learning Span, Symbols Test, And The Mayo Test Drive Screening Battery Composite, Morgan A Hughes, Jason Hassenstab, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: We describe the reliability of remote self-administered digital cognitive measures completed via the Mayo Test Drive (MTD) web-based platform.

METHODS: A total of 1846 participants (mean age = 70, SD = 12, range 31-101; 48% male; 96% White; 99% non-Hispanic; 97% cognitively unimpaired) with two to four complete MTD sessions at ∼7.5-month intervals were included. Test-retest reliability was assessed using single-rating, absolute-agreement, and two-way mixed intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) with 95% confidence intervals. ICCs for in-person-administered traditional neuropsychological measures were compared to MTD for a subset of 244 participants. Analyses also compared reliability across demographic, residential, and session context …

The Impact Of Congenital Heart Disease On The Timing Of Alzheimer's Disease In Down Syndrome, Julianne G Clina, Beau Ances, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: The incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Down syndrome (DS) exceeds 90%. Approximately 50% of people with DS have congenital heart disease (CHD). Having CHD increases risk for early-onset AD in populations without DS, but it is unclear if CHD influences AD in DS.

METHODS: Data from the Alzheimer Biomarker Consortium-Down Syndrome (ABC-DS) were used. Participants with CHD (

RESULTS: People with CHD scored lower for visuospatial ability (

DISCUSSION: Presence of CHD may influence AD progression in DS.

HIGHLIGHTS: In adults with Down syndrome (DS), those with congenital heart disease (CHD) had higher amyloid beta and reached the …

Criterion And Convergent Validity Of Plasma Biomarkers In Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease: Initial Findings From Leads, Dustin B Hammers, Kyle Womack, Erik Musiek, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Participatory Systems Modeling In Implementation Research: Exploring Benefits, Facilitators, And Future Needs, Natalie Riva Smith, Jennifer L Cruz, Jessica Gannon, Stephanie Mazzucca-Ragan

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Implementation science increasingly uses participatory systems modeling (PSM) approaches to handle the complexity inherent to implementation science issues. To support the process of integrating PSM with implementation science, we aimed to understand and explicate the benefits, facilitators, and future needs of applying PSM to implementation research.

METHODS: We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with 23 researchers (n = 18) and practitioners (n = 5). We purposively sampled participants and identified additional participants through recommendations. Interviews were inductively analyzed. Key concepts were identified via iterative description, comparison, and conceptualization.

RESULTS: Engagement with people in the system was typically focused in earlier …

Relationship Among Sleep Disturbance, Stress, And Suicidal Ideation In Clinical High Risk For Psychosis, Heather M Wastler, Daniel Mamah, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: Sleep disturbance is a well-established risk factor for suicide, though few studies to date have examined whether sleep disturbance contributes to suicide risk among individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR). The current study addressed this gap in the literature. We hypothesized that sleep disturbance would have a unique relationship with suicidal ideation/attempts when accounting for other variables in the model. We also hypothesized that the interaction between sleep disturbance/attenuated positive symptoms and sleep disturbance/stress would be related to suicidal ideation/attempts in CHR.

STUDY DESIGN: The current study used data generated by the Accelerating Medicines Partnership® …

Minimizing The Incidence Of Falls On An Adult Inpatient Cardiac Step-Down Unit, La’Tricia Danielle Harvey

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)

Background: Inpatient falls are a significant risk to patient safety in acute care settings. Local Problem: A 24-bed adult cardiac step-down unit with elevated fall rate lacked standardized fall risk protocols. Methods: Iterative Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles were used to implement, evaluate, and refine a structured workflow over 12 weeks. Interventions: A protocol-guided fall prevention checklist was deployed, supported staff education, peer coaching and leadership audits. Results: Nursing protocol knowledge increased from 83% to 93.11%, checklist compliance averaged 90%, and these process improvements correlated with a 83.3% reduction in the overall unit fall rate. Conclusions: Standardizing care via a protocol-guided fall …

17Β Estradiol Protection Against Medium-Change Neurotoxicity In Organotypic Hippocampal Slice Cultures, Autumn B. Stage

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Medium change neurotoxicity can disrupt glutamate homeostasis and promote excitotoxic neuronal injury through excessive NMDA receptor activation. 17β estradiol (E2) has demonstrated neuroprotective effects in models of neuronal injury and may regulate glutamatergic signaling through metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR2/3). This study investigated whether E2 protects against medium change associated neurotoxicity in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures whether responses differed by sex or hippocampal region. Hippocampal slices from postnatal day 8 male and female Sprague Dawley rats were maintained in culture and exposed to 1, 10, or 100 nM E2 for 24 hours following a five day recovery period. Propidium iodide (PI) …

The Ability To Resist The Expected Impairing Effects Of Alcohol In Heavy And Light Drinkers, Grace Tomaszewski

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Alcohol tolerance is defined as a diminished response to the drug owing to repeated alcohol exposures. However, drinkers can compensate for alcohol impairment, particularly when they expect to be impaired in the situation. However, the ability to compensate might depend on the behavior impaired by alcohol and the general tolerance already acquired by the drinker. This study tested the degree to which expecting alcohol impairment would reduce alcohol’s impairing effect on reaction time (RT) and fine motor control in those with heavy and light drinking histories. Light drinkers (n=26) and heavy drinkers (n=28) received a 0.65 g/kg alcohol and performed …