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Intestinal Transplantation: How I Learned To Stop Worrying And Love The Bomb, Andres J. Gonzalez Salazar

Grand Rounds

At the conclusion of this activity, learners will be able to:

1. Trace the historical evolution of intestinal transplantation from experimental procedure to clinical reality.
2. Identify clinical indicators for transplant referral in pediatric patients with intestinal failure refractory to rehabilitation.
3. Interpret current intestinal transplant survival data and evaluate emerging innovations in rejection monitoring and immunosuppression.
4. Propose the programmatic requirements for establishing a pediatric intestinal transplant program using national benchmark centers as a framework.

Unveiling The Complexity Of Post-Roman Polity Formation In Pannonia Using Ancient Dna, Yijie Tian, István Koncz, Norbert Faragó, Corina Knipper, Ronny Friedrich, Deven N. Vyas, Levente Samu, Olga Spekker, Tamás Szeniczey, Tamás Hajdu, Balázs Gusztáv Mende, Péter Tomka, Ildikó Katalin Pap, Dávid Czigány, Rita Radzeviciute, Luca Traverso, Guido Alberto Gnecchi-Ruscone, Paolo Francalacci, Bernd Schöne, Gábor Tóth, Anna Szécsényi-Nagy, Petrus Le Roux, Kurt W. Alt, Zuzana Hofmanová, Walter Pohl, Johannes Krause, Tivadar Vida, Patrick J. Geary, Krishna R. Vereramah

Ecology & Evolution Faculty Publications

The transformation of the Roman world [fourth to ninth centuries common era (CE)], culminating in the Western Roman Empire’s fall, marked a fundamental transition in European history. Key questions persist regarding the regionally specific nature of this transformation. We generated a paleogenomic dataset to reconstruct post-Roman organizations in the Little Hungarian Plain at microregional resolution. Genetic and archaeological analyses of two Roman (n = 68) and five post-Roman (n = 246) sites reveal a rise in Northern European ancestry, reflecting large-scale population movements into this region. Moreover, despite post-Roman sites sharing similar genetic profiles, material culture, and burial …

Structure-Based Discovery Of Malate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors With Efficacy Against C. Parvum Oocysts, Ankita Bharatbhai Kheni

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Cryptosporidium parvum, the etiological agent of Cryptosporidiosis (diarrheal illness) represents a significant global health burden, particularly affecting immunodeficient and pediatric populations. Since the parasite has a highly reduced mitochondrion and relies on glycolysis, enzymes such as C. parvum malate dehydrogenase (CpMDH), which are believed to be indispensable for parasite viability due to their pivotal roles in NAD⁺ regeneration and redox balance, remain largely unexplored as therapeutic targets. The present study employed a multifaceted experimental and computational strategy to evaluate the inhibitory activity of two lead-like and drug-like small molecules, referred to as compound 1.8 and compound 1.5, against the cofactor …

Between Reform And Dependency: Ifi Influence On Egyptian Food Sovereignty, Nayera Ayman Abouelfarh

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis examines how international financial institutions (IFIs), particularly the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank, have influenced Egyptian food sovereignty between 2016 and 2024. It asks how IFI-backed structural adjustment programs, policy influence, and ideational influence reshaped Egyptian public policy and affected the state’s capacity to autonomously manage its food system. The thesis argues that IFI-driven reform agendas prioritized macroeconomic stabilization, fiscal discipline, and export-oriented growth over food sovereignty, increasing Egypt’s external dependence and vulnerability to global market shocks. Methodologically, the study employs a qualitative comparative case study design combining process tracing and thematic document analysis using …

Beyond Emergency: Charting Pathways To Sustainable Development In Fragile And Conflict-Affected Settings: A Case Study Of Yemen, Sharif Abdurabu Salem Farid Alsahbool

Theses and Dissertations

For nearly a decade, Yemen's eastern governorates of Hadramawt, Shabwah, and Al‑Mahrah have been relatively stable, yet the international aid system has kept delivering short‑term humanitarian relief like food baskets and water trucking instead of shifting to sustainable development that could rebuild people's lives, create jobs, fix infrastructure, and strengthen local government. This thesis investigates why this transition has taken so long. Based on 21 interviews with government officials, international NGO staff, and local NGO managers in these three governorates, the study develops a new way of understanding the problem. It introduces three ideas: the 'emergency mentality', which is a …

Mapping The Neuroexposome: Integrative Analysis Of Dementia Risk Factors Through Multi-Omics And Environmental Profiling In The Egyptian Population., Mai Ahmed Saadzaghloul Othman

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Dementia represents one of the most pressing public health challenges of the twenty-first century, with the global burden projected to reach 153 million cases by 2050. Egypt, as the most populous Arab nation, faces a corresponding rise in age-related diseases, yet comprehensive data from low- and middle-income countries remain severely limited. The neuroexposome framework, integrating genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and metabolic alterations, offers a powerful strategy to characterize the complex interplay between internal and external risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Alzheimer's disease Related Dementias (ADRD).

Objectives: This thesis aimed to: (1) examine the distribution of APOE alleles …

Bouillean - Ai Recipe Model, George Mouratoff, Hanol Yang, Helen Wang, Sebastian Verbinski

Computer Science and Engineering Senior Theses

AI generated food recipes are the second most desired AI innovation, however relatively few commercial systems exist to fill this niche. This is because while the solution is highly desired, cooking shouldn’t be approached with the same method by most LLMs and standard AIs. The leading models struggle to solve the issue of generating a semantically clear recipe while maintaining memory of the recipe status between steps. This is before we can even attempt to solve the flavor problem.

Cooking represents a unique challenge for AI, since it requires minimal loss in memory alongside already high quality text generation making …

Patterns In Healthcare Access And Utilization And Hpv Vaccine Completion In Uninsured Latinos, Samantha Solis

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Investigating Femoral Growth Stunting And Cortical Bone Deposition: A Bioarchaeological Case Study From 17th Century Transylvania, S. M. August Stone

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

This study utilizes the World Health Organization’s growth stunting identification standards to investigate the possibility of growth stunting in a collection of subadult remains from Telekfalva, Transylvania, Romania. Length-for-age is estimated using femur length and dental development stage (Shaefer et al., 2009) and compared to the Maresh Standard Growth Data (Maresh, 1943, 1955, 1970). Growth stunting is identified in individuals who fall less than -two standard deviations from the expected femur length-for-age. Additionally, this research investigates a pattern of abnormal, multilayered cortical bone deposition seen primarily in individuals with growth stunting. The correlation between abnormal cortical bone deposition and growth …

Colostrum Management For Dairy Calves: Technical Guidelines For Consultant Evaluation And Implementation, Drew Swartz, Jacob Hadfield, Kalen Taylor, Maggi Mathews

All Current Publications

This fact sheet provides a technical overview of colostrum management in dairy calves, including evaluation methods and evidence-based recommendations for consultants, educators, and students.

Patterns Of Brain-Wide Associations Reflect Socioeconomics, Scott Marek, Meghan Rose Donohue, Nicole R Karcher, Caroline P Hoyniak, Roselyne J Chauvin, Ashley C Meyer, John Miller, Andrew N Van, Anxu Wang, Noah J Baden, Vahdeta Suljic, Kristen M Scheidter, Julia Monk, Forrest I Whiting, Nadeshka J Ramirez-Perez, Samuel R Krimmel, Athanasia Metoki, Rebecca F Schwarzlose, Steven E Petersen, Joan Luby, Benjamin P Kay, Evan M Gordon, Timothy O Laumann, Deanna M Barch, Nico U F Dosenbach, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Previous brain-wide association studies (BWAS) have linked specific environmental and behavioral variables to brain variability. In this work, we mapped 649 variables to children's brains and compared the resultant BWAS maps with each other and with neurobiological reference patterns. Socioeconomic status (SES) showed the strongest brain-wide associations. The SES associations were strongest in motor and sensory but not cognitive regions, a pattern shared across many BWAS maps, including intelligence quotient (IQ). A single, common BWAS brain pattern existed across variables that was most reflective of a child's socioeconomics. Adjusting for SES weakened brain-IQ associations, eliminating the BWAS motor and sensory …

The Gut Microbiome, The Gut-Brain Axis, And College Student Well-Being, Idi Mckay

University Honors Theses

This literature review examines how diet, stress, environmental exposure, and food accessibility may influence college students' mental health and academic performance through the gut microbiome and the Gut-Brain Axis (GBA). Current microbiome research often focuses on early childhood development, clinical disease populations, or older adults, while overlooking college-age students who experience significant social, environmental, and biological transitions. College students frequently face food insecurity, irregular eating patterns, chronic stress, inconsistent sleep schedules, and reduced access to nutrient-dense foods, all of which may influence microbial diversity and overall gut health.

This thesis explores how modern campus environments and lifestyle factors may contribute …

From Combustion Emissions To Neurotoxicity: Brain Health Risks Of Military Burn Pits Exposure, Katherine M. Eggers, Zoe A. Keller, Paul Barach, Julie M. Tomáška, Joshua P. Nixon, Janeen H. Trembley, Tammy A. Butterick

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

Military burn pits used during post-9/11 U.S. military deployments functioned as uncontrolled combustion systems and were widely utilized to dispose of large volumes of outdoor waste by burning. Burn pits involved heterogeneous waste materials burned under variable temperature and oxygen conditions. These combustion environments generated complex, toxic, multipollutant airborne emission mixtures that included particulate matter (PM2.5), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This narrative review synthesizes epidemiologic, experimental, and mechanistic evidence linking burn pit emissions to disruption of the lung–brain axis and adverse neurological outcomes. We specifically aim to address a critical gap in understanding how combustion-derived …

Changes In Quality And Composition Of Alfalfa During Autumn, S C. Fleming, M Collins, N A. Jorgensen

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Autumn harvest of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) offers a potential for obtaining additional forage production during a particular season. Little is known about the quality or changes in the chemical composition of this forage. The objective of this research was to examine changes in chemical composition, dry-matter intake (DMI), and apparent digestibility of alfalfa during autumn in Wisconsin. An established stand of Vernal alfalfa, early bud to midbud, was harvested using a flail harvester on 5 and 20 October and 5 and 18 November 1979. The forage was dried at 55°C for 72 to 96 hours in burlap bags. A …

Animal Production With Controlled And Fixed Stocking And Managed Stocking Rates, R E. Blaser, J T. Johnson, F Mcclaughterty, J P. Fontenot, R C. Hammes Jr, H T. Bryant, D D. Wolf, D A. Mays

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Grazing experiments were conducted to implement and improve animal-grazing-management systems. The primary objec­tives were (experiment 1) to investigate animal production with fixed and controlled stocking and (experiment 2) to study animal production and canopy characteristics with three managed stocking rates. Live-weight gains/head for the grazing season were similar for fixed and controlled stocking; during a summer period, gains/head were higher for controlled stocking. Gains/head were not associated with available herbage. The canopies with fixed stocking had 28% to 82% more forage than those with controlled stocking, the former being high in dead tissues and stems. Controlled stocking gave 61 % …

Use Of Principal-Component Analysis In Summarizing Nutritive And Analytical Characteristics Of Forages, O T. Stallcup, C J. Brown, Z B. Johnson, D L. Kreider, J O. York

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Principal component analysis and other multivariate analyses have not been used extensively to analyze forage data. Our objective was the synthesis and summary of 98 digestion trials on forages using a principal-component analysis. The ten variables studied in all trials were dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), digestible protein (DP), crude fiber (CF), ether extract (EE), nitrogen-free extract (NFE), ash (A), gross energy (GE), total digestible nutrients (TDN), and digestible energy (DE). Acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), and cellulose (C) were summarized, in addition, for some forages. When data on thirteen variables in 24 hays were summarized, …

Yield And Forage Quality Of Panicum Virgatum, J L. Griffin, G A. Jung

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In the temperate areas of the U.S.A., high temperatures and low soil moisture in summer limit the production of cool-season grasses and, consequently, the size of most beef cow-calf herds. Warm-season grasses, most productive in midsummer, may serve as a supplement to cool-season grasses for grazing and hay. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L. ), a warm-season species native to the Great Plains of the U.S.A., was grown on soils low in available phosphorus at two locations in Pennsylvania to determine changes in forage dry-matter yields, leaf (leaf blade): stem (sheath+ stem) ratios, and quality of leaf and stem fractions associated …

Effect Of Experimental Methods On Results Of Voluntary Intake Experiments With Grass Cultivars, U Simon, P Daniel

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The amount of forage eaten by farm animals when forage is offered ad libitum is a major factor in the nutritive value of forage grasses. It is influenced by a number of internal and external factors. Experimental results of studies on the subject :reported in the literature are often contradictory, partially because, perhaps, of the methods of evaluation employed. We studied whether and to what extent different experimental procedures influenced the results of intake experiments in grass cultivars. Four cultivars of Lolium perenne differing in ploidy level and precocity were fed to sheep ad libitum, and voluntary intake was assessed …

Effect Of Feeding Level And Forage: Concentrate Ratio On The Digestibility Of Pelleted Diets By Sheep And Cattle, G.M J. Horton, M J. Farmer, B E. Melton, S Sklane

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Sheep are frequently used to determine the nutritive value of cattle feeds. However, there is some evidence that digestion coef­ficients for cattle and sheep may differ and that digestibility may be influenced by feeding level. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of feeding level and animal species on the digestibility of pelleted diets containing different ratios of alfalfa hay to barley grain. Five 4O-kg yearling crossbred lambs and four 35O-kg yearling steers were used to evaluate each diet. The six diets were isonitrogenous, containing the following proportions of barley grain and alfalfa hay (percentage as fed …

Nutritive Value Of Cattle Diets On Fertilized And Unfertilized Blue Grama Rangeland, J D. Wallace, F J. Cordova, G B. Donart, R D. Pieper

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Low levels of nitrogen (N) fertilization can substantia1ly increase forage production on native rangeland if adequate precipita­tion is available. The objective of this study was to_ compare nutritive value of diets selected by Hereford steers grazing unfer­tilized and N-fertilized (45 kg N/ha) rangeland in south central New Mexico. The study area consisted of two adjacent pastures of approximately 60 ha each, containing comparable areas ofbottomland, upland, and hillside sites. Stocking rates were 4.8 and 2.4 ha/yearling steer for control and N-fertilized pastures, respectively. Dietary samples were collected from esophageally fistulated steers (average weight 308 kg) during early, middle, and late …

Diet Selection By Cattle On Tropical Pastures In Northern Australia, B Walker, M T. Rutherford, P C. Whiteman

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Diet selection by steers in northern Australia on a continuously grazed pasture of Setaria sphacelata var. sericea (Kazungula), Macroptilium atropurpureum (siratro), and Stylosanthes guianensis var. guianensis (Schofield) was studied. The pasture treatment that supported the highest annual weight gains (254 kg/steer) in a stocking-rate experiment had 1.7 steers/ha. Mean annual rain-fall was 1,490 mm, with 70 % falling from December to March. Monthly average temperatures are highest in December (30 .1 °C) and lowest in July (11. 9°C). Pastures were sampled in 1973 (seven 3-day periods) and 1975-1976 (six 3-day periods) with three esophageal fistulated steers. Extrusa samples were analyzed …

Combination Range-Pasture Management In South Florida For A Low-Energy Grassland Program, L L. Yarlett

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The semitropical environment of south Florida is favorable for coordinated management of a wide variety of native grass species and improved pasture forages. The decade of the 1980s will emphasize change from forage programs of high energy utilization to those with a low requirement of fossil fuels. For 4 decades, grassland management in south Florida has been primarily pasture establishment created from the rangeland resource. The establishment and management required substantial inputs of fossil fuel. Use and management of rangeland was largely neglected. Ecological concepts as a basis for managing semitropical ranges were not accepted. In recent years practical programs …

Effect Of Herbage Mass And Allowance Upon Herbage Intake By Grazing Dairy Cows, J.A C. Meijs

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

An adequate supply of nutrients for grazing animals depends on the intake and nutritive value of herbage. Little information is available on factors affecting herbage intake of grazing cows, particularly for grazing systems that do not involve daily change of animals to a new pasture. Our objectives were to determine the effects of variation in herbage mass ( due to variation in stage of maturity) and of herbage allowance on herbage intake by grazing dairy cows and on efficiency of consumption (herbage con­sumed as a proportion of herbage accumulated). From 1976 to 1979 the herbage intake oflactating cows was determined …

Round Baling From Field Practices Through Storage And Feeding, W L. Kjelgaard, P M. Anderson, L D. Hoffman, L L. Wilson, H W. Harpster

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

A model analysis compared labor and fuel requirements for round and rectangular bale systems. Round baling reduced harvesting, transport, and handling labor by one-half but increased fuel use by a factor of 1.6. When data from field studies of all dry matter (DM) losses were included, round baling required 80 % as much labor and 200 % as much fuel as did rectangular bal­ing. Baling losses for round balers and stackers averaged 10 % compared with 3 % for rectangular balers. ·Dry-matter losses from mowing through feeding of field-cured round bales, including 6 months of outdoor storage, totaled 41 % …

Effect Of Formic Acid- Formaldehyde Treatments On The Nitrogenous Constituents In Annual Ryegrass Silage, M L. Fishman, F Mchan, D Burdick

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Prevention of proteolysis during ensiling is important in preserving the nutritive value of silage. Hence, the mechanism by which silage protein is protected against degradation was studied in wilted annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorium Lam.) silage pretreated with formic acid, formaldehyde, and a formic acid-formaldehyde mixture. Raw-wilted ryegrass, control ryegrass silage, and treated ryegrass silage were extracted and fractionated under conditions previously found to maximize yield of nitrogenous constituents and minimize proteolysis during the extraction of fresh grass. Extractions were by boric acid-borate buffer at pH 8.0 with and without detergent (1 % sodium dodecyl sulfate). Sodium metabisulfite, an antioxidant, was …

Jordyn Dearth ’26 Builds Career Path Through Weightlifting And Nutrition, Lindenwood University

Archived Lindenwood Press Releases

No abstract provided.

Sequencing Of Chenopodium A-Genome Diploids To Identify Potential Mechanisms Of Speciation: A Preliminary Study, Riley Roser

Theses and Dissertations

The genus Chenopodium is of increasing significance, mainly due to allotetraploid quinoa (C. quinoa Willd.,2x = 4x =36, AABB genome) becoming globally recognized for its high nutritional value and tolerance for stress. Diploid A-genome relatives of quinoa in the Western Hemisphere have shown speciation patterns congruent to adaptive radiation, particularly in the North American continent, where a number inhabit ecological niches while others form mixed populations where they are sympatric. Characterization of the genetic mechanism(s) underlying this rapid speciation, could clarify their potential usefulness for improving quinoa . Previous whole-genome assemblies of AA diploids C. watsonii A. Watson and C. …

Proteomic Evidence Indicates Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Enhances Recovery Of Membrane-Associated Proteins In Hericium Erinaceus, Tanvir Ahmed, Angéla Juhász, Utpal Bose, Netsanet Shiferaw Terefe, Michelle L. Colgrave

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Membrane-associated fungal proteins mediate essential functions and contain bioactive proteins with therapeutic potential but are underrepresented in aqueous extracts due to hydrophobicity and lipid associations. Ultrasound-assisted aqueous extraction was applied to Lion’s mane (Hericium erinaceus), and the proteins were fractionated by molecular weight (≥30 kDa, 10–30 kDa, 3–10 kDa). Proteomic profiling using data-dependent (DDA) and data-independent (DIA) mass spectrometry identified 1500 and 1702 proteins, respectively (1% global FDR). Ultrasonication induced surface irregularity and a less compact, heterogeneous microstructure. Topology predictions showed higher proportions of transmembrane and secretory proteins in ultrasonicated fractions. Extraction preserved protein integrity (82% molecular-weight retention, 97% tryptic …

The Effect Of Hunger On The Likelihood Of Glucose Excursions In Adults With Overweight Or Obesity: Continuous Glucose Monitoring And Ecological Momentary Assessment Observational Study, Byunggul Lim, Phrashiah Githinji, Yue Liao, Jacob Szeszulski, Alexandra L Macmillan Uribe, Rebecca A Seguin-Fowler, Jane Anderson, Chad D Rethorst

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Maintaining stable glucose levels is important for metabolic health. Glucose excursions (GEs), which are marked increases in glucose following food intake, have been associated with a higher risk for cardiovascular disease and metabolic dysfunction. Individuals with overweight or obesity who do not have diabetes may still show impaired glucose regulation, as reflected in increased glucose variability. Hunger, as a real-time physiological cue, may be associated with subsequent glucose changes and represents a potential target for just-in-time adaptive interventions.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the temporal relationship between self-reported hunger and subsequent glucose dynamics, including the likelihood of GE …

Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Surgical Site Infections In Hospitals Across Al Madinah Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Atheer M. Aljohani, Danah O. Sandaqji, Rana A. Alahmadi, Raha Z. Ishqi, Manal A. Alanazi, Shouq N. Aloufi, Husain I. Sandugji

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of surgical site infection (SSI) and identify associated risk factors in hospitals in Al Madinah Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 363 adult surgical patients from major hospitals in Madinah between 2023 and 2024. We analyzed medical records using descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and multivariable logistic regression.

Results: The overall SSI rate was 5.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.3–7.9%). Infection types comprised superficial incisional (57.9%), deep incisional (36.8%), and organ/space infections (5.3%). Significant risk factors included younger age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.94 per year, p = 0.014), …