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Factors Influencing Dental Career Decision-Making Among High-Achieving Students In Taiwan, Chien-Hong Yu, Mei-Huei Li, Feng-Chou Cheng, Chun-Pin Chiang

Journal of Dental Sciences

No abstract provided.

Supporting Teachers’ Learning About Technology Accessibility: A Content Analysis Of Asynchronous Professional Development, Mutiara Syifa, Natalie L. Shaheen

Faculty Publications - College of Education

Accessibility is imperative to providing disabled students a free and appropriate technology-mediated public K-12 education. But according to the literature, teachers often lack the requisite knowledge to ensure the technologies they use are accessible. So, we conducted a study to understand what, if any, asynchronous professional development about technology accessibility was available to teachers and other K-12 professionals. The findings indicate that of the free technology accessibility professional development materials in the sample (a) fewer than 20% are designed for teachers, (b) most provide limited information, and (c) fewer than 9% specifically address science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) subjects. …

Impact Of Female Hormonal Changes Throughout Life On Oral Health: A Scoping Review, Inês Lopes Cardoso, Mayane Fryde, Maria Inês Guimarães, Fernanda Leal

Journal of Dental Sciences

This work looks at the impact of female hormonal fluctuations throughout life, during puberty, pregnancy and the menopause, on oral health. These physiological periods, marked by major variations in estrogen and progesterone levels, influence oral health, so the following question was formulated: to what extent do female hormonal fluctuations influence oral health? Through a scoping review of 37 scientific articles selected using a rigorous methodology (in particular using the Rayyan tool), it was possible to highlight clinical manifestations specific to each hormonal stage. In adolescent girls, puberty is frequently accompanied by exacerbated gingivitis, independent of dental plaque. During pregnancy, the …

Laser-Modified Titanium Surfaces Induce Sex-Dimorphic Secretion Of Angiogenic Factors By Gingiva-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells, Ting-Han Chang, Hsin-Han Hou, Yi-Shing Shieh, Her-Hsiung Huang, Da-Yo Yuh

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose Dental implants have been applied to restore missing dentition for more than fifty years. However, whether different surface modification on implant provide topographical cues that alter sex-specific effect on peri-implant angiogenesis remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether titanium surface modifications influence sex-specific chromatin accessibility, gene expression, and angiogenesis-related functions in human gingiva-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (GMSCs). Materials and methods We collected health gingival tissues from sixteen subjects (eight females and eight males) and isolated primary GMSCs. The primary GMSCs were cultured on three types of titanium surfaces: machined, lasered, and SLA (sand-blasted, large-grit, acid-etched). Chromatin accessibility and …

Domiciliary Dental Care Coverage In Taiwan: An Assessment Of Provider Participation And Geographic Distribution Using The Universal Health Coverage Framework, Chuan-Hang Yu

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose Universal health coverage (UHC) ensures access to needed health services without financial hardship. While Taiwan has achieved near-universal coverage for most medical services, domiciliary dental care (DDC) for people with mobility limitations remains poorly integrated into the UHC framework. This study assessed DDC coverage in Taiwan using the World Health Organization UHC framework. Materials and methods Publicly available 2024 data were analyzed for dental institutions, practicing dentists, DDC providers, and long-term care populations across Taiwan's six National Health Insurance (NHI) regions and 22 administrative districts. Geographic distribution was examined using provider density metrics, Lorenz curves, and Gini coefficients. Results …

Systematic Evaluation Of Genetic Polymorphisms In Carcinogen Metabolizing Enzymes Associated With The Risk Of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders Occurrence, Chao Lou, Yuhan Zhu, Linjun Shi, Wei Liu

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose Accumulated studies investigate the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in carcinogen metabolizing enzymes with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) risk. However, these results were inconsistent and conflicting. The purpose of this pooled analysis was to systematically evaluate the associations of SNPs in 6 enzymes (CYP1A1, CYP2E1, GSTM1, GSTM3, GSTT1 and GSTP1) with risk of OPMD occurrence. Materials and methods A systematic evaluation was performed to identify all eligible case ndash;control studies on the association between SNPs in 6 enzymes and OPMD onset. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled to estimate association strength. Results A …

Optimization Of Roasting Conditions Of Salak Seed As Coffee Substitute And Its Physicochemical Properties, Aqilah Basir, Siti Roha Ab Mutalib, Wan Saidatul Syida Wan Kamarudin, Syed Abdul Illah Alyahya, Junaidah Mat Jusoh, Adi Md Sikin

Baghdad Science Journal

The growing attention towards utilizing salak seeds as a substitute for coffee has increased due to the presence of caffeine and its health-enhancing properties. The present study aimed to determine the optimum roasting conditions for salak seed coffee (SSC) with high total phenolic content (TPC) and desirable lightness (L*) using response surface methodology (RSM). Regular SSC was produced at optimal roasting temperature and time of 189.36 °C and 39.54 min, respectively. An instant SSC was produced by hot water extraction at 90∘C of regular SSC, followed by freeze drying. Physicochemical and antioxidant properties of regular and instant …

Green Synthesis Of Tio2 Nanoparticles Via Graphene Oxide-Doped Malabar Spinach Leaf Extract For Perovskite Solar Cells, Nofrijon Sofyan, Ichsan Pandu Wicaksono, Fiona Angellinnov, Aga Ridhova, Akhmad Herman Yuwono, Donanta Dhaneswara

Baghdad Science Journal

This study investigates a green synthesis route for titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles (NPs) using Malabar spinach (Basella rubra) leaf extract, with graphene oxide (GO) as a dopant, for application as an electron transport layer in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The synthesized TiO₂ NPs were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS), and field emission scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM/EDX). XRD results confirmed the presence of a pure anatase phase with a smaller crystallite size than that of commercial TiO₂, …

Effect Of Demineralization And Physical Activation In Enhancing The Porosity And Adsorption Properties Of Recovered Carbon Black Pyrolyzed From Waste Tire, Siti Nuramirah Rabbani Muhammad Zaki, Nurul Fatahah Asyqin Zainal, Hartini Ahmad Rafaie, Suhaila Idayu Abdul Halim, Chia Chay Tay

Baghdad Science Journal

This research aims to improve the porosity structure and adsorption characteristics of rCB through demineralization and physical activation techniques. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) at various concentrations (1, 5, 6, and 10 M) was employed for demineralization, followed by the addition of 6 M potassium hydroxide (KOH). Physical activation was conducted at temperature ranges of 300, 350, 400, 450, and 500°C for durations of 1, 2, and 3 h. Characterization of rCB was conducted using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), ash content analysis, Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and iodine adsorption number (IAN). Demineralization decreased the ash content …

Porosity And Structural Integrity Of Tin-Polydimethylsiloxane (Pdms) Composites For Radiation Shielding Application, Hanisah Zainal Abidin, Nur Maizatul Azra Mukhtar, Ainorkhilah Mahmood, Nor Aimi Abdul Wahab, Rafidah Zainon, Nurul Syafiqah Roslan, Nur Iwani Nor Izaham, Aishah Zarzali Shah

Baghdad Science Journal

Ionizing radiation benefits medical treatments and diagnostics. However, it also poses significant health risks, such as from the scattering radiation and unintended exposure. Lead is a common shielding material used for its excellent gamma ray attenuation performance, but it presents ergonomic and environmental challenges. This study assesses the structural and potential radiation absorption properties of the tin-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites. The composites were fabricated with different metal concentrations and tested for radiation protection efficiency (RPE), structural characteristics, chemical structure, and porosity. Gamma-ray spectroscopy was used to characterize radiation, with Cd-109 as a primary source. Pure tin/PDMS (PT) had the highest RPE …

Double-Layered Tin-Polydimethylsiloxane (Pdms) Composites: Evaluation Of Porosity And Structural Morphology Of Polymeric Composites, Nurul Syafiqah Roslan, Nur Maizatul Azra Mukhtar, Ainorkhilah Mahmood, Nor Aimi Abdul Wahab, Rafidah Zainon, Hanisah Zainal Abidin, Aishah Zarzali Shah, Nor Iwani Nor Izaham

Baghdad Science Journal

The pursuit of advanced materials for radiation protection has highlighted the potential of polymer–metal composites. Porosity is a key factor influencing radiation attenuation, as fewer voids reduce pathways for radiation penetration. Recent studies emphasize the role of filler distribution in enhancing both mechanical properties and shielding performance. This work investigates the structural morphology and porosity of tin–PDMS composites prepared with pure tin (PS) and tin alloy (AS) fillers at 10–60 wt.% loadings, along with a tin–alloy mixture series (TM). Morphological features, particle distribution, oxygen content, and porosity were comprehensively analyzed. Results show that porosity strongly correlates with filler distribution and …

Low Temperature Ac Photoelectrochemical Etching Of Si-Doped N-Type Gan: Nanostructure Fabrication For Enhanced Msm Photodetector Performance, Nur Iwani Nor Izaham, Ainorkhilah Mahmood, Rosfariza Radzali, Alhan Farhanah Abd Rahim, Nur Maizatul Azra Mothtar, Mahayatun Dayana Johan Ooi, Naser Mahmoud Ahmed

Baghdad Science Journal

This study has investigated the fabrication of porous Si-doped gallium nitride (GaN) using low-temperature alternating current photoelectrochemical (ACPEC) etching at varying etching durations for MSM photodetector applications. The structural and optical characteristics of the porous GaN samples were examined using a 400 W high-pressure mercury-vapour lamp (Hg-HPVL) and 4% KOH electrolyte with 50 Hz of 100 mA alternating current (AC). Current-voltage (I-V) measurements were conducted to analyse the platinum-deposited GaN for MSM photodetector performance. FESEM micrographs of the etched samples revealed coral-like and nano-tunnel pore formations, while AFM topography showed a significant increase in surface roughness compared to in the …

Effect Of Mycovirus Infection On The Hydrolytic Enzymes Activity Of Fusarium Oxysporum F. Sp. Cubense Tropical Race 4, The Causal Agent Of Banana Fusarium Wilt, Zhi-Qin Lai, Clement Kiing Fook Wong, Nor Ismaliza Binti Mohd Ismail, Ganesan Vadamalai

Baghdad Science Journal

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp cubense Tropical Race 4 also known as Fusarium odoratissimum (FO) is a fungal pathogen affecting banana (Musa spp.). It secretes plant cell-wall degrading enzymes (PCWDEs) to penetrate and colonize roots, resulting in wilting symptoms and host death. Mycovirus is a virus that infects fungus. It was discovered that mycovirus could be a biocontrol agent by causing hypovirulence in fungal pathogens, a typical symptom of suppressed pathogenicity of an infected host. Hypovirulence was also associated to reduced PCWDE activity in several plant fungal pathogens. To date, no hypovirulent mycovirus was reported in FO. Hence, this study …

Patterns Of Antibiotic Resistance In Staphylococci Associated With Bovine Subclinical Mastitis, Intan Nurfarzana Mohd Safini, Muhammad Iqbal Hafiz Saad, Zuraifah Asrah Mohamad, Siti Khairiyah Mohd Hatta, Aziyah Abd. Aziz, Sophia Karen Bakon, Norashirene Mohamad Jamil

Baghdad Science Journal

Bovine mastitis, particularly subclinical mastitis (SCM), is a major concern in dairy cattle due to its asymptomatic nature and significant economic impact. In Asia, Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are key pathogens. The overuse of antibiotics has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, posing risks to animal health and food safety. This study aimed to identify staphylococci associated with SCM and assess their antibiotic resistance (AR) profiles. Milk samples were collected from 20 cows at a dairy farm in Malacca, Malaysia, in August and October 2023. SCM was diagnosed using the California Mastitis Test (CMT), and bacterial …

Assessment Of Carbon Capture Potential In Rubber Plantations Via Landsat 9 Imagery Analysis, Ade Fitria, Rahmawaty Rahmawaty, Razali Razali, Jamin Saputra, Seca Gandaseca

Baghdad Science Journal

Indonesia is a significant greenhouse gas (GHG) emitter, contributing 12.3% of carbon dioxide (CO₂) of total emissions. Carbon dioxide (CO₂), a major GHG, is increasing in the Earth’s atmosphere. The CO₂ absorption can be increased through rubber plantations because rubber plants, such as forest plants, can process CO₂ as a carbon source for photosynthesis. This research aims to analyze carbon uptake in relation to tree density, biomass of rubber vegetation, and soil organic carbon (SOC) content, as well as to map the distribution of carbon potential using remote sensing. This research was conducted in …

Study Of Soil Erodibility In Its Relationship With Coffee Plant Productivity Based On Agroforestry In Silaen Sub-District, Toba Regency, Fitra Syawal Harahap, Rahmawaty Rahmawaty, Abdul Rauf, Rahmanta Rahmanta, Delvian Delvian, Badaruddin Badaruddin

Baghdad Science Journal

Coffee plants (Coffea sp.) are currently a plantation crop in great demand among farmers in Silaen Sub-district. However, the soil conditions in Silaen Sub-district are dominated by sandy soil, which can trigger soil sensitivity to high erosion potential. One of the efforts to mitigate the decline in coffee production can be done through estimating the soil erodibility index in Silaen Sub-district. This research aims to estimate the soil erodibility index and obtain its relationship with agroforestry-based coffee production in Silaen Sub-district, Toba Regency. The method for determining land boundaries using land map units (SPL) in the form of land …

Application Of Asparaginase Enzyme In Reducing Acrylamide Formation In Roasted Coffee Beans, Zainab Funmilayo Abdussalam Muhyideen, Ku Madihah Binti Ku, Misnawi Jati, Zaibunnisa Abdul Haiyee

Baghdad Science Journal

Acrylamide is formed through the Maillard reaction between L-asparagine and reducing sugars during thermal processing. The enzyme L-asparaginase can effectively mitigate acrylamide formation by hydrolyzing asparagine into aspartic acid without affecting product quality. This study investigated the effect of asparaginase application methods, enzyme concentrations, and incubation temperatures on acrylamide reduction and pyrazine preservation in roasted Arabica coffee beans. Two enzyme application methods—soaking and spraying—were compared using 4000 U/g asparaginase. Soaking treatment achieved a greater acrylamide reduction (92.8%) compared to spraying (86.8%), and was therefore selected for optimization. Subsequently, enzyme concentrations (2000, 3000, and 5000 U/g) and incubation temperatures (40, 50, …

Herbal Medicine For Oral Ulcer Treatment: Mechanisms, Efficacy, And Therapeutic Potential, Shinn-Zong Lin, Tsung-Hsien Chuang, Chih-Yang Huang, Tsung-Jung Ho, Yi-Pang Lee

Journal of Dental Sciences

Oral ulcers are common inflammatory lesions of the oral mucosa that significantly affect patients’ quality of life through pain, eating difficulties, and psychological stress. Their development is multifactorial, involving mechanical trauma, infection, nutritional deficiencies, immune dysregulation, and oxidative stress. Conventional treatments including antiseptics, corticosteroids, and immunomodulators, provide symptomatic relief but are often limited by side effects, recurrence, and poor patient adherence. Increasing interest has therefore focused on herbal medicines as complementary or alternative therapies. Numerous single herbs such as Aloe vera, licorice, curcumin, chamomile, berberine, neem, sage, myrrh, and guava and traditional formulations have demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, and …

Physico-Mechanical Properties And Streptococcus Mutans Biofilm Formation Of Bio‑Based Flexible Crowns Versus Stainless Steel And Zirconia Crowns For Pediatric Full-Coverage Restorations, Tzu-Yu Peng, Szu-Yu Lai, Yan-An Wu, Ya-Ting Yang, Yuichi Mine, Huei-Yu Huang

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Bio‑based flexible (BFX) have recently emerged as a potential alternative to conventional pediatric full‑coverage restorations, but evidence regarding their properties and microbial behavior remains limited. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the physico-mechanical properties and microbial behavior of BFX crown compared with stainless steel crowns (SSC) and zirconia crowns (ZRC) for pediatric full-coverage restorations.

Materials and methods: Mandibular primary molar crowns from BFX, SSC, and ZRC were assessed. Weight was measured using an electronic balance, and surface roughness and topography were evaluated using a stylus profilometer and atomic force microscopy. The arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) and root mean square …

Anemia, Hematinic Deficiencies, And Hyperhomocysteinemia In Gastric Parietal Cell Antibody-Positive And -Negative Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis Patients, Yu-Hsueh Wu, Yi-Ping Wang, Yi-Pang Lee, Julia Yu-Fong Chang, Andy Sun, Chun-Pin Chiang

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Our previous study found the serum gastric parietal cell antibody (GPCA) positivity in 12.8% of 430 recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) patients. This study assessed whether GPCA-positive RAS (GPCA⁺RAS) patients had significantly higher frequencies of macrocytosis, anemia, hematinic deficiencies, and hyperhomocysteinemia than healthy control subjects or GPCA-negative RAS (GPCAˉRAS) patients.

Materials and methods: The mean corpuscular volume, blood hemoglobin (Hb), and serum iron, vitamin B12, folic acid, homocysteine, and GPCA levels were measured and compared between any two of three groups of 55 GPCA⁺RAS patients, 375 GPCAˉRAS patients, and 430 healthy control subjects.

Results: We found …

Hollow Fiber Assay Microtube Array Membrane (Mtam-Hfa) For Personalized Anticancer Drug Screening In Selection Of Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Shan-Ju Chou, Po-Chih Hsu, Chee Ho Chew, Wan-Ting Huang, Amanda Lin Chen, Chen-Yin Yong, Chia-Che Wu, Chia-Lun Chang, Chien-Chung Chen, Kuan-Chou Lin

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: In Asia, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are on the rise in part due to the consumption of betel nut in several regions. This clinical case study evaluated the application of the microtube array membrane-hollow fiber assay (MTAM-HFA) that was previously clinically demonstrated in the context of the selection of chemotheraputic agents as part of the treatment of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in OSCC.

Materials and methods: In this double-blind cohort study, surgical samples from OSCC patients were retrieved and sent for screening of tumor response against a panel of chemotherapeutic agents (5-fluorouracil (5-FU), cisplatin, carboplatin and docetaxel). …

Artificial Intelligence In Dentistry: A Cross-Domain Bibliometric Analysis Of Technologies, Functional Applications, And Dental Specialties, Yinghui Yang, Cheng-Chia Yu, Min Yee Ng

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Artificial intelligence is increasingly applied in dentistry across diagnosis, prediction, treatment planning, education, and patient communication. This study aimed to provide a structured cross-domain overview of dental AI research by integrating AI technologies, functional applications, and dental specialties within one bibliometric framework.

Materials and methods: AI-related dental publications from 2016 to 2026 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. Original and review articles were screened and classified by AI technology, functional application, and dental specialty. Bibliometric mapping, collaboration analysis, keyword co-occurrence, and heatmap-based cross-domain visualization were performed.

Results: A total of 920 publications were included. Publication …

The Evolution Of Artificial Intelligence And Deep Learning In Removable Partial Denture Design, Fu-Chuan Tsai, Hsin-Hua Chou, Takashi Saito, Wei-Chun Lin

Journal of Dental Sciences

No abstract provided.

Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition And Stress Adaptations Underlie Yttrium-90 Resistance In Liver Cancer Cell Lines, Alexander Zheleznyak, Dhanusha Duraiyan, Prasanth Thunuguntla, Jessica Camacho, Shuang Wu, Jingxia Liu, Jason D Weber, Daniel L J Thorek, Benjamin S Strnad, Ryan C Fields, Matthew A Ciorba, Christine Yoon, Valerie Blanc, Nicholas Davidson, Jessica Silva-Fisher, Christopher D Malone

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: Molecular signatures predict prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma, but their relevance to transarterial radioembolization (TARE) with yttrium-90 (90Y) is unknown. We aimed to identify baseline and treatment-induced pathways associated with response and nominate biomarkers. Ten transcriptomically diverse human liver cancer cell lines were exposed to escalating activities of glass 90Y microspheres for 10 days. Normalized AUC values quantified sensitivity. Whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing at baseline and after treatment was analyzed with elastic net regression and gene set enrichment. Findings were corroborated by qRT-qPCR and exploratory analysis of pretreatment tumor samples from patients undergoing TARE. Liver cancer cell line responses to 90Y …

The Cognitive-Affective Social Processing And Emotion Regulation (Casper) Model, M Catalina Camacho, Elina Deshpande, Michael T Perino

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Humans are intensely social creatures. It is therefore not surprising that many psychiatric disorder criteria include social dysfunctions; however, overlapping presentations and diverse, complex etiologies make treating social dysfunctions difficult. Here, we introduce the Cognitive Affective Social Processing and Emotion Regulation (CASPER) model. CASPER integrates research from social psychology, cognitive neuroscience, and developmental science to describe how real-world social processing unfolds and is associated with differing psychiatric social cognitive neurophenotypes. Briefly, social processing can be broken down into the following cognitive steps: identifying relevant social cues, attending to related cues, interpreting cues, and adjusting behavior appropriately. Each of these steps …

A Survey-Based Assessment Of Treatment Preferences For Distal Radius Fractures In Participants Aged 65 Years And Older, Zayd Al Rawi, Elizabeth Graesser, Lindley B Wall

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: The management of distal radius fractures (DRF) in patients aged ≥65 years is debated because there is evidence that operative and nonsurgical treatment yield similar outcomes 1 year after injury. When more than one reasonable treatment option exists, shared decision-making between the patient and physician should be used. This study elicited preferences for the treatment of DRF using a survey of participants aged ≥65 years.

METHODS: A survey for participants ≥65 years was administered using Amazon Mechanical Turk. Participants were presented with a theoretical scenario in which they sustained a DRF, followed by two treatment options (surgery or casting) …

Phase I Trial Of Adp-A2afp Tcr T-Cell Therapy In Patients With Advanced Hepatocellular Or Gastric Hepatoid Carcinoma, Tim Meyer, Benjamin R Tan, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) generally experience poor outcomes despite current therapies, necessitating the development of alternative treatments. ADP-A2AFP is an investigational autologous T-cell therapy with an affinity-enhanced T-cell receptor (TCR) targeting alpha-fetoprotein (AFP).

METHODS: We describe a phase I, open-label, first-in-human clinical trial of ADP-A2AFP (NCT03132792) in human leukocyte antigen-eligible participants with AFP-expressing HCC (or other tumor) not amenable to transplant/resection who progressed on, were intolerant to, or refused prior systemic therapy. Participants received lymphodepletion chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m

RESULTS: Twenty-one participants, 20 with advanced HCC and one with gastric hepatoid carcinoma received ≥1 ADP-A2AFP …

Diverse Misfolding Mutant Digestive Enzymes Cause Chronic Pancreatitis Through Common Pathways, Steven J Wilhelm, Grace E Curry, Neel Matiwala, Jianguo Lin, Tran Quach, Mark E Lowe, Miklós Sahin-Tóth, Xunjun K Xiao

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Increasing evidence suggests that protein misfolding and proteotoxicity is an important mechanism of chronic pancreatitis (CP) in patients with genetic variants. Two mouse models carrying misfolding digestive enzyme variants, CPA1 N256K and PNLIP T221M, recapitulate the human CP phenotype. We hypothesized that both models develop CP through similar disease mechanisms.

METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive analysis of mice aged 1 to 6 months using histology, immunohistochemistry, protein immunoblotting, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis to characterize pancreatic pathological changes.

RESULTS: Both homozygous models exhibited CP hallmarks, including progressive acinar …

Oculomics And Ai: The Eye As A Biomarker For Health Span, Joy Le Yi Wong, Rajendra S Apte, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

As the world's population ages, the focus of healthcare is shifting from extending life span to promoting health span. There is an unmet need to identify sensitive and reliable markers of health span through more cost-effective and non-invasive methods, to enable early and effective intervention on modifiable aging factors. The eye offers a unique window into systemic health, providing direct visualization of the body's vascular and neural health. This review presents an overview of how various ocular structures can serve as biomarkers of health span-drawing on insights from ocular imaging, metabolomics, and proteomics, with evidence from basic science, animal models, …

Airway Management In Emergency Department Thoracotomy: A Narrative Review, Aaron J Lacy, Adam Liebendorfer, Sarah M Guess, Rami S Al-Aref, Anthony P Kronfli, Rachel E Armstrong, Amelia W Maiga, Alexander Bracey, Ryan N Barnicle

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Emergency department thoracotomy (EDT) is a high-risk, life-saving intervention for patients in traumatic cardiac arrest. A critical component of EDT is airway management, typically performed by emergency physicians, yet formal guidance regarding optimal strategies remains limited. Airway management in this setting is uniquely complex due to concurrent anatomic injury, physiologic instability, and the procedural demands of thoracotomy.

DISCUSSION: Endotracheal intubation (ETI) during EDT presents multiple challenges. Anatomic difficulties may arise from facial or cervical trauma, restricted positioning, and the presence of cervical collars. Cognitive load is heightened by the chaotic, multidisciplinary environment, requiring strategies such as pre-briefing, checklists, and …