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Articles 1831 - 1860 of 49280
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Characterization Of Natural And Synthetic Fiber-Reinforced Composites For Sport Prosthetic Feet Applications, Daniah F. Abbas, Jawad K. Oleiwi, Qahtan A. Hamad
Characterization Of Natural And Synthetic Fiber-Reinforced Composites For Sport Prosthetic Feet Applications, Daniah F. Abbas, Jawad K. Oleiwi, Qahtan A. Hamad
Engineering and Technology Journal
Sports prosthetic feet reinforced with natural and synthetic fibers offer a promising solution for developing lightweight, cost-effective, and sustainable biomedical components. In this study, epoxy-based composite laminates reinforced with Hemp, Sisal, and Bamboo fibers were fabricated for potential sports prosthetic foot applications. Different reinforcement configurations (3, 6, 9, and 12 plies) were investigated, while hybrid laminates were produced by incorporating three carbon fiber layers to enhance overall performance. The fabricated composites were evaluated in terms of density, water absorption, fiber volume fraction, hardness, and microstructural characteristics using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
The results demonstrated that increasing the number of reinforcement …
Crisis, Reform, And Remittances: A Corridor Level Mixed Methods Examination Of Gcc–Nepal–Sri Lanka (2019–2024), Rubhesh Jha, Aloma Jayasundera
Crisis, Reform, And Remittances: A Corridor Level Mixed Methods Examination Of Gcc–Nepal–Sri Lanka (2019–2024), Rubhesh Jha, Aloma Jayasundera
Arab Economic and Business Journal
This study examines how institutions in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, Nepal, and Sri Lanka affect migrant earnings, remittance stability, the choice of transfer channels, and the use of remittances for development. This study uses a mixed‑methods approach that integrates institutional mapping, policy tracing, comparative case studies, and quantitative analysis of remittance flows (2019–2024). Migration corridors with stronger institutions are associated with fewer wage disruptions, more stable remittances, and greater use of formal transfer channels, conditional on the observed macroeconomic factors. This study introduces a corridor-level three-pillar institutional framework linking destination wage protection systems (WPS), origin recruitment/welfare, and financial infrastructure …
Broadening The Community Of Nudibranch Enthusiasts Through Multilingual Educational Programming To Increase Climate Advocacy Engagement, Richelle Li Tanner, Cintya Felix Mendivil, Ashley Lam, Lorena Muñoz, Micah Kim, Elena G. Morales Poot, Gabrielle Keeler-May
Broadening The Community Of Nudibranch Enthusiasts Through Multilingual Educational Programming To Increase Climate Advocacy Engagement, Richelle Li Tanner, Cintya Felix Mendivil, Ashley Lam, Lorena Muñoz, Micah Kim, Elena G. Morales Poot, Gabrielle Keeler-May
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Environmental literacy and advocacy for environmental protections are essential components of responsible stewardship. For coastal communities, stewardship requires knowledge of ocean processes and the biological communities living within these ecosystems. While many studies highlight difficulties in engaging American audiences in environmental concern and stewardship due to hyper-individualistic societal values, tidepooling is one recreational pathway to coastal community engagement that strengthens sense of place, and therefore, responsibility to protect natural resources. We sought to broaden the tidepooling community to include more diverse voices through a participatory science program with inland city-dwelling, multilingual, and non-English speaking adults. Using nudibranchs as an environmental …
Teacher Mentoring As A National Imperative: A Multi-Paper Dissertation, Ramiro Pesina
Teacher Mentoring As A National Imperative: A Multi-Paper Dissertation, Ramiro Pesina
Human Resource Development Theses and Dissertations
This multi-paper dissertation investigates teacher mentoring as a critical intervention in human resource development designed to address the complex challenges facing the teaching profession, including high attrition rates and the need for sustained professional support. The study is organized into three connected studies: an integrative literature review on technology enhanced mentoring, a longitudinal qualitative study that devises a comprehensive mentoring model covering cognitive, emotional, and behavioral aspects, and a phenomenological case study in which a formally structured mentoring program in a North Texas school district is analyzed in terms of execution and outcome. Critically important findings indicate that well-crafted mentoring …
The Role Of Financial Decision-Making Methods In Achieving Financial Performance, Kifah Sami Hussein
The Role Of Financial Decision-Making Methods In Achieving Financial Performance, Kifah Sami Hussein
Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences
This research provides a comprehensive study of the role of financial decision-making methods in improving the financial performance of organizations, focusing on the strategic importance of various financial tools in supporting the process. The study aims to explore how the quality of financial decisions affects key performance indicators of organizations, highlighting the positive relationship between effective financial decision-making and achieving optimal financial results. The research also addresses the various factors that influence the effectiveness of financial decisions, including analytical tools, predictive models, and high-quality accounting information.
The research methodology relies on integrating quantitative and qualitative methods in a comprehensive manner, …
Re-Evaluating Seagrass Ecosystem Services: Integrating Community Gleaning And Cultural Values Into Economic Valuation In Selayar Island, Indonesia, Hendriyadi Bahtiar Daeng Sila, Rohani Ambo-Rappe, Mahatma Lanuru, Sebastian C.A. Ferse
Re-Evaluating Seagrass Ecosystem Services: Integrating Community Gleaning And Cultural Values Into Economic Valuation In Selayar Island, Indonesia, Hendriyadi Bahtiar Daeng Sila, Rohani Ambo-Rappe, Mahatma Lanuru, Sebastian C.A. Ferse
Forest and Society
Dominant marine conservation and blue economy paradigms systematically prioritize biophysical metrics, such as biodiversity or carbon sequestration, frequently rendering the cultural and subsistence values of coastal communities invisible. This study contests these biophysically-centered frameworks by applying a holistic valuation approach to seagrass meadows at the Selayar Archipelago, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Utilizing the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES) framework as an instrument for recognition of cultural values, we applied participatory methodologies to evaluate the relational values embedded in traditional gleaning—the small-scale, intertidal harvesting of marine invertebrates (a'sulo/ngatti-ngatti). The findings reveal a socio-economic and cultural reality …
Ddrr Acts As A Dna Damage-Induced Cell Division Inhibitor In Acinetobacter Baumannii, Christian P. Lowe, Deborah Cook, Lily Hoard, Mckinnley Martin, Janelle M. Hare
Ddrr Acts As A Dna Damage-Induced Cell Division Inhibitor In Acinetobacter Baumannii, Christian P. Lowe, Deborah Cook, Lily Hoard, Mckinnley Martin, Janelle M. Hare
Acinetobacter baumannii DNA Damage Database
An article titled, "DdrR acts as a DNA damage-induced cell division inhibitor in Acinetobacter baumannii" published in the Journal of Bacteriology on September 9, 2026.
The Little Book Of Gifts: Great Ideas For Teaching, Eugene Korsunskiy, Petra Bonfert-Taylor, Emme Burgin, Jentry Campbell, Solomon G. G. Diamond, Kendall R. Farnham, Mattias W. Fitzpatrick, Rebecca Gallivan, Katherine R. Hixon, Michael Kokko, Wesley Marrero, Vicki V. May, Erin N. Mayfield, Colin R. Meyer, Emily H. Monroe, Nina Montgomery, Kofi M. Odame, Laura E. Ray, Peter J. Robbie, Rafe H. Steinhauer, Douglas W. Van Citters, Vikrant S. Vaze
The Little Book Of Gifts: Great Ideas For Teaching, Eugene Korsunskiy, Petra Bonfert-Taylor, Emme Burgin, Jentry Campbell, Solomon G. G. Diamond, Kendall R. Farnham, Mattias W. Fitzpatrick, Rebecca Gallivan, Katherine R. Hixon, Michael Kokko, Wesley Marrero, Vicki V. May, Erin N. Mayfield, Colin R. Meyer, Emily H. Monroe, Nina Montgomery, Kofi M. Odame, Laura E. Ray, Peter J. Robbie, Rafe H. Steinhauer, Douglas W. Van Citters, Vikrant S. Vaze
Dartmouth Scholarship
We borrowed the “GIFTs” acronym from the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE), whose annual conference includes sessions in which educators share quick, actionable ideas for new and exciting teaching practices that they’ve developed.
In this collection, we present over thirty Great Ideas For Teaching—collected from faculty and staff at the Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth College—that can be used in diverse labs and classrooms.
The specific theme of the GIFTs in this volume is: accessibility & inclusion. The ideas in this collection are all aimed at making our course content more understandable, our …
2026-2027 Dr. Kiran C. Patel College Of Allopathic Medicine Bylaws, Nova Southeastern University
2026-2027 Dr. Kiran C. Patel College Of Allopathic Medicine Bylaws, Nova Southeastern University
Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine Bylaws
No abstract provided.
Financial Pessimism Abounds In Connecticut Amid Widespread Opposition To Tariffs 9/9/2026, Unh Survey Center
Financial Pessimism Abounds In Connecticut Amid Widespread Opposition To Tariffs 9/9/2026, Unh Survey Center
All UNH Survey Center Polls
Half of Connecticut residents say they are worse off financially than a year ago, particularly those with lower incomes, and four in ten expect to be worse off a year from now. Most say their cost of living has increased in the past year, especially groceries, gasoline, and energy. State residents are downbeat about the short and long-term futures of the state and national economies, with majorities expecting a recession within the next year in both economies. A majority of Connecticut residents disapprove of President Trump's use of tariffs and believe they will have a negative effect on the U.S. …
Exploring Rural And Non-Rural Disparities In Interpersonal Violence And Help Seeking Barriers Among North Dakota Women, Tahmid Hassan Jeeshan, Ashley K. Fansher
Exploring Rural And Non-Rural Disparities In Interpersonal Violence And Help Seeking Barriers Among North Dakota Women, Tahmid Hassan Jeeshan, Ashley K. Fansher
Criminal Justice Posters and Presentations
Interpersonal violence extends beyond physical assault to include psychological and/or emotional abuse that can produce substantial physical and mental health consequences. Unfortunately, rates of violence have not been directly studied among residents of North Dakota. In this study, we compare victimization patterns, treatment seeking behaviors, and barriers to treatment among North Dakotan women. We anticipate that rural victims will report more severe or chronic victimization yet face reduced access to and use of healthcare and victim services. By jointly considering violence type, rural versus non-rural status, and treatment seeking, this project highlights differences between rural and non-rural residents and identifies …
The Columbus Promise: Three-Year Pilot Evaluation Report, Michelle Miller-Adams, Kyle Huisman, Kevin Hollenbeck, Bridget Timmeney
The Columbus Promise: Three-Year Pilot Evaluation Report, Michelle Miller-Adams, Kyle Huisman, Kevin Hollenbeck, Bridget Timmeney
Reports
The Columbus Promise is a place-based, tuition-free college program designed to expand postsecondary access and economic mobility for graduates of Columbus City Schools. Launched with the high school class of 2022, the three-year pilot provides tuition support at Columbus State Community College (CSCC), a $500-per-semester stipend, and dedicated coaching and academic services. This evaluation, conducted by the Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, examines outcomes for all three cohorts (2022, 2023, and 2024), using administrative data, a comparison group of Columbus City Schools graduates from 2017–2021, regression-adjusted estimates of academic outcomes, and a synthetic difference-in-differences analysis of overall college enrollment. Findings …
Midweek Memo, Georgia Southern University
Midweek Memo, Georgia Southern University
Midweek Memo
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Why Was I Stopped? How Police Encounters Shape The Perceptions Of Black Adults, Darilyn Anita Monk
Why Was I Stopped? How Police Encounters Shape The Perceptions Of Black Adults, Darilyn Anita Monk
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Racial disparities in police encounters persist in Illinois, where Black adults are disproportionately subjected to investigatory stops despite ongoing oversight efforts. This study examined how citizens affected by these stops experienced and interpreted these encounters. The participants were seven Black adults from Lake County, Illinois. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis revealed racial profiling and discrimination as central, structuring features of police interactions. Participants described being stopped without clear justification, subjected to heightened suspicion, and treated as presumptively criminal. These encounters were understood not as isolated incidents but as patterned practices, producing mistrust, anxiety, and diminished perceptions of …
Practitioners’ Perceptions: Evidence-Based Practices And Evidence-Based Interventions To Reduce Burnout In Third-Sector Organizations, Elizabeth Riley
Practitioners’ Perceptions: Evidence-Based Practices And Evidence-Based Interventions To Reduce Burnout In Third-Sector Organizations, Elizabeth Riley
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Third-sector organizations (TSOs) face challenges providing effective evidence in reducing stress and burnout for human services professionals (HSPs) to remain in the field. Burnout is a social phenomenon that has received much attention in the helping professions for the past 50 years, due to the nature of the work that HSPs perform. Researchers have confirmed that HSPs are at critical risk of burnout, which affects not only their health and work performance, but also their delivery of service. Current literature lacks studies on what supports HSPs’ need in TSOs to reduce their stress and burnout to remain in the field. …
Development Of An Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline For Glp-1 Medication Management And Weight-Loss Monitoring In Adults, Jeannette Mariela Pena
Development Of An Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline For Glp-1 Medication Management And Weight-Loss Monitoring In Adults, Jeannette Mariela Pena
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
This doctor of nursing practice project addressed the lack of a standardized clinical practice guideline for glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-based medication management and weight-loss monitoring in an outpatient functional health setting. The purpose was to develop an evidence-based guideline to improve provider consistency, patient education, monitoring, documentation, and treatment safety for adults receiving GLP-1-based weight-management therapy. The Johns Hopkins Evidence-Based Practice Model guided question development, evidence appraisal, synthesis, translation, and implementation planning. The guideline incorporated evidence related to adult obesity management, GLP-1-based pharmacotherapy, lifestyle intervention, eligibility assessment, medication selection and titration, adverse-effect monitoring, follow-up, and documentation. Three content experts—a nurse practitioner …
Arriving At A Diagnosis: Effective Strategies Used By The Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Somin Hwang, Rachel M Brown, Dustin Baldridge, Erin E Baldwin, Alan H Beggs, Jonathan A Bernstein, Elizabeth Blue, Nicholas A Borja, Lorenzo D Botto, Lauren C Briere, Thomas Cassini, Cecilia Esteves, Elizabeth L Fieg, Gail P Jarvik, Shilpa Nadimpalli Kobren, Mia P Levanto, Julian A Martínez-Agosto, Shruti Marwaha, Stanley F Nelson, Jill A Rosenfeld, Tim Schedl, Tina K Truong, Jennifer A Wambach, Matthew T Wheeler, Shinya Yamamoto, Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Vandana Shashi, Alexa T Mccray, David R Adams, Kimberly Leblanc
Arriving At A Diagnosis: Effective Strategies Used By The Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Somin Hwang, Rachel M Brown, Dustin Baldridge, Erin E Baldwin, Alan H Beggs, Jonathan A Bernstein, Elizabeth Blue, Nicholas A Borja, Lorenzo D Botto, Lauren C Briere, Thomas Cassini, Cecilia Esteves, Elizabeth L Fieg, Gail P Jarvik, Shilpa Nadimpalli Kobren, Mia P Levanto, Julian A Martínez-Agosto, Shruti Marwaha, Stanley F Nelson, Jill A Rosenfeld, Tim Schedl, Tina K Truong, Jennifer A Wambach, Matthew T Wheeler, Shinya Yamamoto, Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Vandana Shashi, Alexa T Mccray, David R Adams, Kimberly Leblanc
Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications
Purpose: Despite the increasing use of exome sequencing (ES) and genome sequencing (GS) in clinical settings, many individuals remain undiagnosed. This study examined the Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN)'s approach to establishing diagnoses for participants.
Methods: As a continuation of the first UDN cohort (9/16/2015-5/23/2017), this study reviewed diagnostic strategies and outcomes in the second UDN cohort (5/24/2017-6/30/2023).
Results: Over the study period, the proportion of UDN participants with prior ES/GS increased from 40.2% to 75.0%. The diagnostic rate for the UDN was 22.1% (379/1,713). Reanalysis/reinterpretation of sequencing data (prior ES: 21.4%, prior GS: 2.6%, UDN ES: 4.8%, UDN GS: 17.3%) …
Final Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit Unreclaimed Sites Field Sampling And Investigation Plan: Ur-52 Area West Of Bres No. 133 – Dexter Mill, Mike Mcanulty
Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site
No abstract provided.
Final Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit Unreclaimed Sites Field Sampling And Investigation Plan: Ur-52 Area West Of Bres No. 133 – Dexter Mill, Mike Mcanulty
Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site
No abstract provided.
Monthly Progress Report Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit Consent Decree Partial Remedial Design/Remedial Action And Operation And Maintenance, Josh Bryson
Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site
No abstract provided.
Spartan Daily, September 9, 2026, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications
Spartan Daily, September 9, 2026, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications
Spartan Daily, 2026
Volume 167, Issue 08
Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit Final Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit Unreclaimed Sites Field Sampling And Investigation Plan: Ur-41 – Montana Street And Interstate 90, Mike Mcanulty
Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site
No abstract provided.
Final Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit Unreclaimed Sites Field Sampling And Investigation Plan: Ur-51 –Area Near Bres No. 50 – Zelia And Mountain Con Mine, Mike Mcanulty
Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site
No abstract provided.
Latent Profile Analysis Of Physical And Cognitive Leisure Activity Level Among Chinese Middle-Aged And Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study, Zhenying Liang, Pankaew Tantirattanakulchai, Nuchanad Hounnaklang
Latent Profile Analysis Of Physical And Cognitive Leisure Activity Level Among Chinese Middle-Aged And Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study, Zhenying Liang, Pankaew Tantirattanakulchai, Nuchanad Hounnaklang
Journal of Health Research
Background: The global aging trend has accelerated. This study tried to identify the factors related to different patterns of physical and cognitive leisure activities among Chinese middle-aged and older adults.
Method: Latent Profile Analysis was conducted to classify 12,480 participants aged 45 and above, followed by logistic regression to understand associations between activity profiles and related factors.
Results: Physical activity (n = 2,269) and cognitive leisure activity groups (n = 10,211) were identified according to their different levels of physical activity and cognitive leisure activity engagement. Middle-aged individuals (aOR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.29–1.56), rural residents (aOR = 1.38, 95% …
Libs-Based Detection And Preliminary Classification Of Microplastic Signatures In Soil Samples., Ekhlas Jabir Mahmood
Libs-Based Detection And Preliminary Classification Of Microplastic Signatures In Soil Samples., Ekhlas Jabir Mahmood
Al-Bahir
Contamination of terrestrial systems by microplastics (MPs) has become a critical environmental hazard, but detection of such contaminants in a complex soil system is a challenge for conventional analytical techniques. This research aims to assess the potential of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) for the detection and differentiation of different types of microplastics, including HDPE, LDPE, PP, PS, and PVC, dispersed in the soil of Al Najaf, Iraq. Soil samples were collected from different functional zones, namely, Industrial, Commercial, Agricultural, Residential, and Roadside, at the surface level and 30 cm depth. Detection was done by measuring the intensity of the C/H …
A Transformer-Based Approach With Data Augmentation For Multilabel Emotional Context Detection, Mohsin Hasan Hussein, Marem H. Abdulabas, Azha Talal Mohammed Ali, Homam Aziz Ghazi
A Transformer-Based Approach With Data Augmentation For Multilabel Emotional Context Detection, Mohsin Hasan Hussein, Marem H. Abdulabas, Azha Talal Mohammed Ali, Homam Aziz Ghazi
Al-Bahir
Emotion identification in texts is becoming increasingly difficult because of the wide variety of ways emotions are represented. This study uses a fine-tuned Robustly Optimized Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers Approach
(RoBERTa) to offer a Transformer-based model for identifying multilabel emotional context in textual data. To balance emotion categories and enhance the model's capacity for generalization, data augmentation is applied on two different datasets: Semantic Evaluation and Cross-lingual Emotion Dataset (SemEval and XED) English corpus. This stage is considered one of the most important steps in preprocessing as it greatly helps to improve the results. The RoBERTa model was then …
Religious Night Tourism During Ramadan In Mashhad, Iran: Lived Experiences Of Pilgrims, Neda Zarandian, Razieh Rabani, Daniel H. Olsen
Religious Night Tourism During Ramadan In Mashhad, Iran: Lived Experiences Of Pilgrims, Neda Zarandian, Razieh Rabani, Daniel H. Olsen
International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage
Mashhad, located in northeastern Iran, is one of the most significant pilgrimage destinations in the Islamic world, attracting millions of visitors annually to the Imam Reza Shrine (The eighth Imam of Shia Muslims). During Ramadan, the city transforms into a vibrant spiritual and social space where nocturnal religious practices and social gatherings shape distinctive emotional and temporal experiences for both pilgrims and tourists. Understanding these lived nighttime experiences is essential for developing culturally sensitive and spiritually meaningful tourism approaches. Despite the growing attention to religious tourism, the temporal, emotional, and sensory dimensions of night tourism in pilgrimage contexts remain unexplored. …
The Effect Of Religious Belief On Spiritual Tourism Intention: A Case Study Of Vietnamese Tourists To Thailand, Huong Thi Quynh Nguyen, Ngan Thi Huyen Nguyen
The Effect Of Religious Belief On Spiritual Tourism Intention: A Case Study Of Vietnamese Tourists To Thailand, Huong Thi Quynh Nguyen, Ngan Thi Huyen Nguyen
International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage
In this paper, religious belief was integrated into the Goal-Directed Behaviour Model, to clarify the behaviour of tourists towards spiritual tourism. Data from 516 Vietnamese tourists visiting Thailand was used for PLS-SEM analysis. The research results indicated positive relationships of religious belief to the original elements of the MGB, including attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control, emotion, and spiritual tourism intention. Desire was shown to be a key predictor of intention, mediating the effects of attitude, subjective norm, behavioural control, and emotion on the tourists’ intention to engage in spiritual tourism.
Lgbtq+ People On The Camino De Santiago, Xose Santos, . Wisulanbou
Lgbtq+ People On The Camino De Santiago, Xose Santos, . Wisulanbou
International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage
In the many published works on the Camino de Santiago, LGBTQ+ people have never been considered as an subject of study. The widespread idea that the Camino is for everyone serves to invisibilise this group of people. The problems and accusations we have had to face in our fieldwork are proof of how uncomfortable it is for some persons to talk about gender, sexuality and non-heteronormative identities on the Camino. Regardless of the variety of motivations for pilgrimage to Santiago, religion continues to have a very strong presence on this itinerary which generates tensions with sexualities, especially those that are …
Religious Visitors’ Spiritual Values And Their Relative Importance: Evidence From Chinese Buddhist Tourism Contexts, Zhiqing Wang, Keji Huang, Jiankang Zhang, Yunyun Fan, Ge Zhang
Religious Visitors’ Spiritual Values And Their Relative Importance: Evidence From Chinese Buddhist Tourism Contexts, Zhiqing Wang, Keji Huang, Jiankang Zhang, Yunyun Fan, Ge Zhang
International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage
Spiritual values are affected by diverse factors with different roles and influence daily life in various ways. Using Mount Jiuhua and Mount Putuo, two mountains in Mainland China with great importance in Buddhism, as examples, this study explores the specific dimensions of religious visitors’ spiritual values. Through a survey study, five factors of these spiritual values were extracted and their relative importance was measured. The identified factors were transcendence, general connectedness, inner balance, positive life direction and special religious feelings. According to factor importance analysis, these spiritual values can be categorised into three levels: fundamental, reflective and surpassing. This study …