Digital Commons Network^™

A Hybrid Reliability Framework For Spare Part Optimisation Under Uncertainty Of Marine Vessel Systems, Ahmad Fauzi Sagap, Ainul Akmar Mokhtar

Platform: A Journal of Engineering (PAJE)

Effective spare part management relies heavily on accurate reliability assessment. However, in new or complex systems, historical failure data are often limited, making traditional probabilistic reliability models inadequate. This paper proposes a hybrid reliability framework that integrates conventional reliability theory with fuzzy logic to address both aleatory (random)and epistemic (lack of knowledge) uncertainties. The approach combines crisp failure rate estimation using exponential distributions with fuzzy reliability modelling using the triangular fuzzy number (TFN) methodology and fuzzy logic to support dynamic decision-making for a maintenance plan. The degree of membership functions is derived from the TFN and provides the operator with …

Computer Applications In Electrical Engineering: Recent Trends, Future Requirements, And An Educational Review, Hemant Mehar

Platform: A Journal of Engineering (PAJE)

The integration of programming languages into electrical engineering has become increasingly pivotal as the field evolves with technological advancements. This paper explores recent trends in the application of programming languages in electrical engineering, emphasising how they enhance design, simulation, and automation. The main focus is on the use of high-level programming languages for modelling and simulation, and on various algorithm-based ML approaches for optimisation. Additionally, the paper examines future requirements for programming skills in electrical engineering, highlighting the need for continuous adaptation to emerging technologies and interdisciplinary approaches. An educational review is provided to assess current curricula and suggest improvements, …

Cfd Modeling Of A 120 Kwth Chemical Looping Combustion System, Tabasat Ahmad, Fazl E Rabi, Muhammad Zaman, Atta Ullah

Platform: A Journal of Engineering (PAJE)

```python text = """Chemical looping combustion (CLC) has evolved as a promising technique for carbon capture. In view of the above, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study of the existing 120 kWth circulating fluidised bed (CFB) has been carried out. The fuel used in the existing reactor is CH4, and NiO supported by Al2O3 particles is employed as the oxygen carrier. Transient Two-dimensional CFD simulations have been conducted for the DCFB–CLC system. Eulerian –Eulerian method with heterogeneous reaction kinetics has been applied. The CFD simulation yielded results comparable to those obtained from the experimental data. The same approach was then …

Environmental Science And Sustainable Development: Behavioral Transformation To Knowledge System Integration For Sustainability Action, Ahyahudin Sodri, Herdis Herdiansyah

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

Sustainability issues are now a global concern. However, knowing the root causes of problems and the target is not the only factor that constantly motivates change for the better (Wamsle & Osberg, 2022) as such change also requires encouragement from actors, including individuals, organizations, and communities. Therefore, the human aspect is crucial for the successful achievement of sustainability (Hariram et al., 2023). In other words, questions on sustainability are not just about "what should be done?" and also on “how to get people to do it?” and “why are currently available interventions not yet fully utilized?” …

Adaptive Retry Solutions For Recurrent Payment Decline Using Generative Artificial Intelligence, Alok Roy, Prajna Shetty, Vinay Sarda, Katyayani Kiranmayee Kolluru

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure provides a method and a system for adaptive retry solutions for recurrent payment transactions. The method comprises identifying the reason for decline of recurrent payment transactions, storing the declined transaction and subscribing to the issuer system based on the identified reason. The method further comprises predicting the future timestamp for successful retry attempts for declined recurrent payment transaction based on transaction history, and issuer rules. Furthermore, the method comprises transmitting the notification of predicted timestamp to the user devices and executing the retry attempt for declined recurrent payment transaction in the predicted timestamp. Further, transmitting the status …

Cycle-By-Cycle Current Limit Method For Unregulated Intermediate Bus Converters, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

This publication describes methods and circuits for limiting current in unregulated Intermediate Bus Converters (IBCs). The technology addresses issues related to parallel operation of low-impedance converters, where impedance mismatches can lead to significant current imbalances and transitory current spikes. By utilizing a cycle-by-cycle input charge control mechanism, the system can detect over-current conditions and temporarily increase the switching frequency to clamp the input current. This approach effectively uses the resonant capacitor voltage, which represents the integral of the input current, to trigger switching events. The system may further incorporate frequency compensation to ensure consistent current regulation across varying switching frequencies …

Diagnostic Significance Of Aspartate Transaminase And Alanine Transaminase In Hepatitis C Patients, Mohammed N. Fenjan, Ahmed Abdulhadi Jabbar

AUIQ Conference Proceedings

Background: Hepatitis C infection is spreading worldwide at an alarming rate. Hepatitis C is a viral infection that affects the liver. It is caused by the hepatitis C virus and can lead to liver damage, cirrhosis, and even liver cancer if left untreated. The virus is usually spread through contact with infected blood, such as through sharing needles or receiving a blood transfusion, antiviral medications can be used to treat the infection. AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and ALT (alanine aminotransferase) are enzymes that are primarily found in liver cells. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between liver enzymes aspartate …

Effects Of Different Chitosan Coated Tio2 Nanoparticles Concentrations On The Antibacterial Activities, Ali M. Ghazi, Murtadha H. Hashem, Hyder K. Abbood

AUIQ Conference Proceedings

This study aimed to determine how the composition and antibacterial properties of chitosan-based coating solution when treated with varying amounts of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that the modified TiO2 NPs were evenly distributed throughout the chitosan matrix. UV-V<sub>spectra</sub>, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses demonstrated that the chitosan interacted with TiO2 NPs and possessed good compatibility. When tested against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, the chitosan-TiO2 nanocomposite proved to be an effective growth inhibitor. The inhibition zone for the antibacterial activity of the chitosan-TiO2 nanocomposites was (19.86 …

Studying The Properties Of Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized By Laser Slow Burning Method In Liquid To Remove Heavy Metals, Mohammad R. Hantehzadeh, Elham Darabi, Hossein Algharghouli

AUIQ Conference Proceedings

Water contamination with toxic heavy metals such as lead (Pb<sup>2+</sup>) and cadmium (Cd<sup>2+</sup>) poses serious risks to human health, plants, and ecosystems, making their effective removal a global challenge. Conventional treatment methods often exhibit limited efficiency; therefore, nanotechnology-based approaches are increasingly being explored. In this study, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO<sub>2</sub> NPs) incorporated into polylactic acid (PLA) nanoparticless were synthesized via electrospinning, a simple and cost-effective technique that eliminates the need for harmful chemical reagents. The nanocomposite was characterized using SEM, TEM, EDX, UV–Vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, and TGA analyses. The results demonstrated uniform nanoparticles morphology …

Nanomaterial Strategies For High-Performance Solid-State Batteries Beyond Lithium-Ion, Mahmoud Gharbavi, Salim Albukhaty

AUIQ Conference Proceedings

This is a comprehensive review of nanomaterial strategies for developing solid-state batteries in the future beyond lithium-ion technology. It discusses key challenges such as ionic conductivity, interfacial stability, and scalable manufacturing. Nanomaterials provide the ultimate means to control electrochemical processes at atomic scales, enabling solid-state systems with energy densities above 500 Wh/kg, enhanced safety from non-flammable electrolytes, and longer cycle life.

The review offers an in-depth analysis of advanced manufacturing methods, including suspension plasma spray (SPS), atomic layer deposition (ALD), and nano-level 3D printing for fabricating nanostructured components. Sulfide solid-state electrolytes demonstrate remarkable ionic conductivities of up to 10<sup>-2 …</sup>

Nanotechnology-Based Non-Vaccine Prevention And Therapeutics: Advances In Antimicrobial Nanomaterials And Targeted Drug Delivery Systems, Yasmina Khane, Salim Albukhaty

AUIQ Conference Proceedings

Infectious diseases represent a massive one-health issue that needs concerted efforts. One of the most important of these efforts involves investing in nanotechnology and the physical, chemical, and biological properties of nanomaterials to contribute to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of infectious diseases. Non-vaccine nanotechnology approaches can enhance conventional methods by blocking infection pathways and bolstering the immune system. This review emphasizes two main aspects: nanomaterials with a natural capability to kill microorganisms—focusing on antimicrobial and antiviral actions—and nano-carrier systems for controlled drug delivery, immune modulation, and inflammation management. It details the functioning of these nanomaterials and their applications, before …

Rapid Detection Of Sheep-Specific Clostridium Perfringens Igg Using Silver Nanoparticle-Boosted Dot-Blot Assays, Ahmed Salam Jawad

AUIQ Conference Proceedings

Dot-blot immunoassay is a quick, simple, and low-cost technique for identifying target analytes in food, clinical diagnostics, and the environment with a visual inspection. For this purpose, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using a sodium borohydride compound. Synthesized AgNPs were characterized using UV-Vs spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential (ZP) tests. After that, SNPs were conjugated with anti-CLD N4-C. perfringens IgG. At the same time, the positive and negative C. perfringens samples have been determined using ELISA. Furthermore, PCR test was used for verification of C. perfringens. Consequently, dot-blot …

Utilization Of Biochar From Date Palm For Wastewater Treatment Technologies: Mini-Review, Atheel Alwash, Emad Yousif, Salam Mohammed

Al-Mustaqbal Journal of Sustainability in Engineering Sciences

Recently, recycling agricultural waste has gained great importance in the field of the biochar industry, as it is a sustainable and inexpensive material that can be used to get rid of environmentally polluting materials. Dates are one of the major agricultural wastes in Iraq and the Gulf countries, which include fronds, seeds, and trunks. The challenge of obtaining a green and clean environment is represented by the safe disposal of these residues. These wastes are promising materials for producing biochar products as efficient adsorbents with improved characteristic properties. The present article revises the synthesis of biochar derived from date palm …

The Converging Frontiers: 3d Printing Of Polyvinyl Chloride (Pvc) For Environmental Remediation, Hazim F. Abbas, Salam Mohammed, Amamer M. Redwan

Al-Mustaqbal Journal of Sustainability in Engineering Sciences

The global demand for effective environmental cleanup drives the need for innovative materials and techniques. 3D printing, which can produce complex and customized structures, offers promising solutions. PVC, a common, affordable, and durable polymer resistant to chemicals, is increasingly used for environmental applications. This report reviews recent advances in 3D-printed PVC for water purification, air filtration, and waste management. PVC’s strong properties, combined with the flexibility of 3D printing, enable the development of tailored, efficient components such as membranes, adsorbents, and catalytic supports. Technology also encourages a circular economy by recycling PVC waste into new feedstocks and on-demand, eco-friendly infrastructure. …

Smart Universities And Digital Transformation Based On Artificial Intelligence: A Case Of Al-Mustaqbal University, Ahmed Rasol Hasson

Al-Mustaqbal Journal of Sustainability in Engineering Sciences

Artificial Intelligence (A.I) is a key facilitator of universities procedures. Although the performance of AI has stretch out superior levels in developed countries, it is remain in its insufficiency in a lot of the developing nations. In this state, there is an imperative need to determine the important of adopting AI everywhere on Iraqi universities, due to the continuous utilize of a management old-fashioned systems. This research sight to explore applications that may influence the acceptance and adoption of AI in the Iraqi universities. This is achieved based on a qualitative approach of thematic analysis. The AI applications that were …

Experimental Study On Thermal Management Of Conventional Photovoltaic Module Using Hybrid Cooling System, Olufisayo Stephen Babalola, Olatunji Waliu Olademeji, Joseph Bukola Samson

Al-Mustaqbal Journal of Sustainability in Engineering Sciences

Photovoltaic (PV) cell junctions are thermally stressed, occasioned by heightened temperature beyond cell operating temperature threshold. This leads to efficiency diminution, which when properly addressed will change the fortune of PV electricity generation; which is more desired for reasons of clean energy and ubiquity of solar flux. Two 80W monocrystalline PV modules were installed at a tilt angle of 17°, south facing, on a stationary rack on top of Obafemi Awolowo University Physics Building. One module’s back surface had a hybrid cooling and the other as control. The PV modules cell temperatures, the ambient temperature, the solar irradiance and the …

Clinical Pathway Sebagai Solusi Keberlanjutan Jkn Di Indonesia: Systematic Review, Septiana Septiana, Siti Soekiswati, Burhannudin Ichsan

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

The National Health Insurance (JKN) program is threatened with a deficit and potential default in 2026 due to inefficiency and the risk of fraud in healthcare facilities. In the context of JKN, which uses a package system (INA-CBG), Clinical Pathway (CP) is a strategic instrument within the JKN system that has dual benefits for both Payers (BPJS Kesehatan) and Providers (Hospitals). For BPJS Kesehatan, CP primarily functions to ensure service quality and prevent undertreatment fraud, the practice of reducing services to benefit hospitals. This prevention ultimately achieves cost efficiency in the JKN program by avoiding payment of complication claims and …

An Intrusion And Cyber-Attack Detection System Based On Ensemble Machine Learning Techniques, Zaed S. Mahdi, Rana M. Zaki, Negar Majma

The Journal of Engineering Research

In light of advancements in information technology, intrusion detection systems (IDS) and cybersecurity are two of the most pressing concerns confronting the world. Despite the fact that many academics have proposed intrusion detection models, the development of intrusion detection systems must be continuous due to the continual growth of cyber-attacks. This research presents a proposal for an intrusion detection model on the network, based on a machine learning ensemble. The first aim in this work is to reduce the number of features used in training the system to reduce the training time through the Double Feature Selection Method by using …

A New Approach For Key Generation Using Lorenz System And Henon Map, Bahaa Abdulwahid Hameed, Ekhlas K.Gbashi

The Journal of Engineering Research

To protect data transmission from theft and disclosure, encryption is necessary. Secure encryption requires a robust system. Often, this system’s strength depends on its key generation. Chaotic systems are used for the key generation process for some reasons, such as precise and random properties. This paper presents a new approach for key generation using two types of chaos theory: the 3D Henon map and the 3D Lorenz system, to enhance the security of a cryptographic system. The proposed algorithm aims to increase the security of cryptographic algorithms and the generation of random and secure key numbers. The results of the …

Detecting Interpolated Video Frames Based On Convolution Neural Networks, Ayat Razaq Abbas, Ekhlas Falih Naser

The Journal of Engineering Research

These days, films are exchanged often and have established themselves in daily lives due to the growing number of handheld video recording devices, social media, and messaging apps. But with a variety of user-friendly video editing programs available, anyone can manipulate videos. The spread of intentionally altered videos can have serious consequences, such as the propagation of false information. Video frames interpolation is detected in this research.The proposed methodology consists of three phases. In the first phase, the video stream is divided into a series of individual frames. Preprocessing follows, which involves resizing these video frames to fixed dimensions of …

Multi-Biometric Recognition System Based On A Specific Set Of Features, Zahraa Naji Razoqi, Raheem Ogla, Abdul Monem S. Rahma

The Journal of Engineering Research

Biometric techniques are replacing traditional passwords and Personal Identification Numbers since they are more dependable and secure. Unimodal biometric systems have various challenges, including non-universality and noisy data. The systems that use multiple modalities of biometrics can help overcome some of these restrictions, but retrieval and matching processes are time-consuming due to the high-dimensional nature of biometric data. This research proposes a serial multi-biometric recognition system using iris and face models based on only 16 features. Iris features are retrieved after splitting the region of interest into (2 × 2) blocks and computing the mean, standard deviation, and energy values …

Event Triggered Integral Sliding Mode Controller Design For Multi-Input Multi-Output Nonlinear System, Mohammed K. Hamzah, Safanah M. Raafat, Shibly A. Al- Samarraie

The Journal of Engineering Research

In this manuscript, the design of event based Integral Sliding Mode Controller Eb-ISMC is considered for a nonlinear system with perturbation. The proposed controller uses a novel triggering strategy which is established according to some stability requirements. The primary benefit of this strategy is the effective usage of the system resources by reducing the total amount of control computations as compared to the classical or periodic version of ISMC. Closed-loop system stability analysis has shown that the suggested controller achieves the practical sliding mode PSM using the developed triggering control scheme. Moreover, Zeno behaviour is circumvented by developing suitable expressions …

N-Queens Problem Solving Using Apiary Organizational-Based Optimization Algorithm, Mais A. Al-Sharqi, Ahmed T. Sadiq Al-Obaidi, Safaa O. Al-Mamory

The Journal of Engineering Research

Researchers have utilised nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithms to find solutions for complex combinatorial optimisation problems and Non-deterministic polynomial (NP) problems. The N-queens problem is categorised as an NP-Hard problem as it becomes insurmountable for large N. This paper proposed a solution for the N-queens problem based on the Apiary Organisational-Based Optimisation Algorithm (AOOA). AOOA is a nature-inspired metaheuristic optimisation algorithm for NP-Hard problems comprised of multiple beehives inside the apiary, each with its population. In contrast to the backtracking method, AOOA employs a fitness function and randomisation techniques through seven stages to approach the optimal distributions of queens so they don’t …

Phishing Detection Using Data-Driven Intelligence, Ahood Al Darmaki, Ajmal Khan, Muhammad Rizwan Mughal, Mohammed M. Bait-Suwailam

The Journal of Engineering Research

Since the early days of the Internet, phishing attacks have been a serious threat to the security of users and their personal information on the web. This problem raises the need to find a strict solution to minimize the cyber-attacks. This paper explores the application of machine learning models to detect phishing websites by analyzing multiple datasets containing phishing and legitimate website features. In order to evaluate machine learning models, in this study three publicly available phishing datasets were utilized. These datasets have different sizes and features. The performance of the model was evaluated on the basis of accuracy, precision, …

Titanium Carbide-Enhanced Bioroot Sealer: A Novel Approach To Improve Root Fracture Resistance And Calcium Ion Release, Inaam Baghdadi, Belal J. Abutarboush, Mirvat Zakhour, Ziad Salameh

The Journal of Engineering Research

This in vitro study evaluated a novel endodontic sealer composed of BioRoot RCS modified with 1 wt.% titanium carbide (TC), sintered at 600°C. The investigation focused on calcium ion release and fracture resistance of treated teeth—two parameters critical for long-term success. Thirty extracted human mandibular premolars were assigned to three groups: control (unfilled), BioRoot RCS, and BioRoot RCS with TC. Following canal preparation and obturation, specimens were embedded in acrylic resin and subjected to vertical compressive load testing. Calcium ion release was quantified using inductively coupled plasma analysis at intervals up to 30 days. The BioRoot/TC group showed significantly higher …

Educating The Teachings Of Kh Ahmad Dahlan With Cinema: A Promising Strategy To Increase Student Peace, Wahyu Nanda Eka Saputra, Faturrahman Faturrahman

Buletin Konseling Inovatif

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of cinema-based education inspired by KH Ahmad Dahlan's teachings in fostering peace among students. The research was conducted at Muhammadiyah Vocational High School 2 Yogyakarta, Indonesia using a quasi-experimental design, specifically a Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The study involved 14 students divided into two groups: an experimental group (7 students) that received the cinema-based education intervention and a control group (7 students) that did not receive any intervention. The peace scale that has a good level of reliability is used to measure the level of peace. The peace scale consists of 26 statement …

Five Decade Of Religious Family Counseling: Past, Present, And Future Direction, Dody Hartanto, Rohmadheny Prima Suci, Edy Purwanta, Mufied Fauziah

Buletin Konseling Inovatif

Integrating religion and spirituality into therapy raises ethical concerns like respecting client beliefs, setting boundaries, and addressing value conflicts. Research on religious family therapy can inform ethical guidelines and best practices. However, despite extensive research on religious family therapy in Indonesia, these studies are not visible in the Scopus database. The aim of this study was to identify research trends, hot topics, and new areas in the field of religious family therapy. This study used bibliometric analysis in the Scopus database. The keywords used are “religious family therapy” or “spiritual family therapy”. Articles to be analyzed were previously identified and …

Enhancing Adolescents' Self-Esteem Through Rational Emotive Behavior Counseling: A Pre-Experimental Study In Junior High School Students, Wikan Galuh Widyarto, M Ramli, Muchammad Saiful Machfud, P. V. I. Pratiwi Mramra

Buletin Konseling Inovatif

The aim of this study is to find out the level of self-esteem of students and how effective rational emotive behavioral counselling is to increase self-esteem. Quantitative research using pre-experiment, one group pretest posttest design. The study involved 32 students as a population, with 5 students who had low self-esteem as a sample. Purposive sampling method is used to obtain samples. The results show the self-esteem level of State Middle School 1 students Sumbergempol is in the lowest category of 10 (31%), medium 16 (50%), and high 6 (19%). There was a significant difference between the results before and after …

Implementation Of Group Counseling Self-Management Techniques To Reduce Student Gadget Addiction, Muya Barida, Aprilia Puspita Sari

Buletin Konseling Inovatif

Gadget addiction as a behavior of attachment or dependence on smartphones may become a social problem such as withdrawal, and difficulties in performing daily activities or as a disorder of impulse control against oneself. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of self-management technique group counseling to reduce students' gadget addiction. The type of research used is an experiment using the one group pretest posttest design model. Subject determination by purposive sampling. The subjects of this study were students of class VIII-C at Muhammadiyah 2 Kalasan Middle School, namely 5 students. Data collected in quantitative form (numbers) …

A Self-Efficacy Intervention To Improve Social Skills Of Junior High School Students: A Systematic Review Of 1 Decade, Taufik Agung Pranowo, Al Halik

Buletin Konseling Inovatif

Social skills are an important aspect of the development of junior high school students, which are often hampered by low self-efficacy, affecting communication skills, social interaction, and conflict resolution. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of self-efficacy-based interventions in improving the social skills of junior high school students over the past decade (2013–2023). This study used a systematic review method with PRISMA guidance, including 28 studies that met the inclusion criteria, such as quasi-experimental research designs, valid and reliable instruments, and the population of junior high school students. Data were analyzed using narrative synthesis and meta-analysis to calculate the …