Digital Commons Network^™

Surgeons, Physiatrists And Neurologists Speaking "Edx And Nerve Surgery": A Paradigm Shift For Nerve Injured Patients, Deng Pan, Aneri U Patel, J Megan Patterson, Anna Rose Johnson, Travis Gordon, Susan E Mackinnon

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Surgeons' ability to interpret electrodiagnostic (EDX) studies has greatly enhanced patient selection and outcome for nerve surgeries as it has informed our understanding of the classification of nerve injury. EDX measures axons present, lost, or demyelinated. It does not measure an area where axons experience chronic ischemia, making a Sunderland Zero nerve injury a clinical diagnosis that should be suspected when patients have normal EDX, decreased recruitment on electromyography (EMG), and no atrophy. Only observation of recovery in the earliest postoperative period would confirm a Sunderland Zero. In this article, we present an expanded classification of nerve injury, highlighting Sunderland …

Special-Purpose Governments, Conor Clarke, Henry Hansmann

Scholarship@WashULaw

When one thinks of government, what comes to mind are familiar general-purpose entities like states, counties, and cities. But more than half of the 90,000 governments in the United States are strikingly different: They are “special-purpose” governments that do one thing, such as supply water, fight fire, or pick up the trash. These entities have expanded far more rapidly than any other form of government. Yet they remain understudied, and they present at least two puzzles. First, special-purpose governments are difficult to distinguish from entities that are typically regarded as business organizations—such as consumer cooperatives—and thus underscore the nebulous border …

Creating And Implementing An Inclusive Metadata Policy, Nicole Lewis, Jeremy Myntti

Faculty Publications

The BYU Library developed an Inclusive Metadata Policy for metadata creators to use when creating and remediating descriptions to be more inclusive. Accompanying the policy is a companion document with recommendations and examples, including links to many external resources. In addition to working with stakeholders in the library to develop the policy, we consulted with the University’s Office of Belonging. This presentation will describe the process we used to create the library policy and recommendations document and share information about how the policy has been implemented.

Designing For Relational Ethics In Online And Blended Learning: Levinas, Buber, And Teaching Interfaith Ethics, Michael Hubbard Mackay, Jason K. Mcdonald, Andrew C. Reed

Faculty Publications

Online and blended learning (OBL) overemphasize the process of creating artifacts, producing strategies, or otherwise utilizing a “making” orientation in education. As an alternative to this making-orientation, we offer a model for relational course design founded in the philosophies of Emmanuel Levinas and Martin Buber. We examine an OBL course design focused on interfaith leadership and ethics that lends itself to the need for relational pedagogy. The focus on asymmetrical and symmetrical relationships that separate Levinas and Buber’s philosophies enable rich ways of designing relational pedagogies and for resisting the making orientation. By focusing on human relationships, we demonstrate design …

Instructional Designer Perspectives On The Pursuit Of Quality In Online Course Design, Jason K. Mcdonald, Stephen C. Yanchar

Faculty Publications

In this qualitative study we investigated the experiences of instructional designers as they sought to build quality into online courses. Through semi-structured interviews, we explored what enabled and hindered their pursuit of quality, how they experienced their efforts in this regard, what mattered to them, and complexities that accompanied this pursuit. Our analysis of participant experiences suggested four themes: (1) connections between quality and designers’ ability to act autonomously; (2) connections between quality and collaborative, team-based relationships; (3) ambivalence due to tensions between autonomy and collaboration; and (4) ways of coping with limits on autonomy and collaboration. We conclude our …

The Wind In The Willows Effect: Does Age Affect Human Versus Animal Faux Pas Recognition?, Gray Atherton, Lucy Robinson, Lucie Guy-Smith, Liam Cross

School of Psychology

Children’s literature is rife with anthropomorphic or non-human characters that may be used as a scaffold to teach children about theory of mind (ToM) or the ways in which people think or feel about the social world. In this study, 107 typically developing U.K. school children in Years 1, 3, and 5 (5–10 years of age) completed a human and anthropomorphic ToM test that tested their understanding of faux pas. Specifically, children from these three age groups were given a human version of 20 faux pas stories and an identical animal version of the same stories 1 week apart (with …

Mapping Cognition Across Lab And Daily Life Using Experience-Sampling, Louis Chitiz, Bronte Mckeown, Bridget Mulholland, Raven Star Wallace, Ian Goodall-Halliwell, Nerissa Siu Ping Ho, Delali Konu, Giulia Poerio, Jeffrey D. Wammes, Michael Milham, Arno Klein, Beth Jefferies, Robert Leech, Jonathan Smallwood

School of Psychology

The goal of psychological research is to understand behaviour in daily life. Although lab studies provide the control necessary to identify cognitive mechanisms behind behaviour, how these controlled situations generalise to activities in daily life remains unclear. Experience-sampling provides useful descriptions of cognition in the lab and real world and the current study examined how thought patterns generated by multidimensional experience-sampling (mDES) generalise across both contexts. We combined data from five published studies to generate a common ‘thought-space’ using data from the lab and daily life. This space represented data from both lab and daily life in an unbiased manner …

The Effect Of Deferring Feedback On Rule-Based And Information-Integration Category Learning, Charlotte E.R. Edmunds, Kathryn Carpenter, Andy J. Wills, Fraser Milton

School of Psychology

Previous work has shown that deferring feedback significantly impairs two-dimensional information-integration category learning, often thought to recruit an implicit learning system, but leaves intact unidimensional rule-based learning, commonly assumed to engage an explicit system. These results were taken to support the influential COmpetition between Verbal and Implicit Systems (COVIS) dual-process theory. This conclusion has subsequently been challenged by the finding that this dissociation disappears when the number of relevant dimensions is matched between tasks. However, as well as replacing a unidimensional rule-based task with a two-dimensional conjunction task, a different set of stimuli were used making it unclear which of …

What Can Conjuring Tell Us About Cognition? The Future Of The Science Of Magic, Geoff G. Cole, Gustav Kuhn

School of Psychology

During the past 20 years a number of articles have appeared within a field that has become known as the “science of magic.” This subdiscipline of psychology posits that the ancient art of conjuring can be used to develop psychological theories and knowledge, and more than 150 peer-reviewed articles have now been published. In the current article, we critically evaluate what can be considered as the three central tenets of the discipline: that the methods used in magic can be incorporated within experimental research, that magicians have particular insight into human cognition and behavior, and that the deconstruction of magic …

Timing Is Everything: Congruence, Controllability, And Performance Measure Weighting, Hayden T. Gunnell, Gary Hecht, William B. Tayler, Kristy L. Towry

Faculty Publications

We investigate whether the weights managers place on performance measures for performancebased compensation depend on whether weights are determined at the beginning or end of the performance period. We propose that managers frame the weighting decision differently depending on timing. Specifically, prior to employee effort, managers frame the decision as intended to align employee effort to firm objectives, whereas after employees have exerted effort, managers frame the weighting decision as intended to evaluate employee effort. Thus, we expect, and find, that managers weight measures that are more congruent with firm objectives more heavily when weightings are determined ex ante (before …

Comparing The Sensitivity And Specificity Of Novel Motor Assessments For Traumatic Brain Injury, Paula K. Johnson, Ariana M. Hedges-Muncy, Erin D. Bigler, Lorie Richards, Steven Knight Charles

Faculty Publications

Background: Portable technology that records movements with high accuracy provides potential for sensitive clinical movement tests for individuals who experienced a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Objective: (1)To present impairments assessed using markerless motion capture (MMC) and (2) to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the MMCmediated tests to each other and to common clinical tests. Design: Screening study, using as criterion standard the ability to classify participant with TBI versus control participant. Setting: Research laboratory. Participants: The study included 30 individuals with TBI and 101 control participants. Entry criteria included most recent head injury < 5 years old, no history of movement issues prior to injury, no movement-affecting medications, and sufficient cognitive ability to follow instructions. Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures: Performance on MMC-mediated tests and existing clinical analogs. MMC-mediated tests included finger oscillation, simple reaction time, and visually guided movement tasks. For comparison, participants also completed the following clinical tests: Halstead–Reitan finger tapping, simple reaction time test, and Beery Visuomotor Integration test. Impairments were identified as test scores of participants with TBI that fell outside of the 95% interval of control participants’ test scores. Random forest analysis was used to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of MMC and clinical tests according to their ability to correctly classify participants with TBI and control participants. Results: MMC-mediated tests revealed impairments in more participants with TBI than clinical tests in all three TBI groups (mild, repeated, and moderate to severe). Similarly, MMC-mediated tests revealed a higher percentage of scores as impairments than clinical tests in all three groups with TBI. Furthermore, MMC-mediated tests proved more sensitive and more specific than clinical tests (70% versus 50% and 98% versus 93%, respectively). Conclusion: MMC-mediated tests are sensitive and specific (compared to traditional clinical tests) and have potential to fill a gap in clinical care of TBI.

Categorical Perception Of The Index Finger As An American Sign Language Phonological Construct, Lareina Hingson, Jeffrey Jack Green, Brooklyn Lorenc

Faculty Publications

In American Sign Language, specific handshapes found in the manual alphabet and/or numbering system (such as the pointed index finger—the number “1”—and its bent counterpart—the letter “x”) are assumed to be phonologically distinct under the rationale that bentness of the finger(s) constitutes a phonemic distinctive feature. This study investigates this notion, building on previous behavioral studies of American Sign Language categorical perception of bentness of the index finger. We examined varying levels of bentness between 180◦ and 90◦ using a scale ranging from the signs BLACK and SUMMER in the standard dialect. Experiment 1 found that when presented with all …

Sources Of Influence In Marriage And Parenting For Interfaith Couples, William D. Stanford, Justin J. Hendricks, Ted G. Futris, Loren D. Marks, David C. Dollahite

Faculty Publications

Interfaith marriages are increasingly common, yet research on their family dynamics and sources of influence in family functioning remains limited. Relatedly, although research highlights religion’s influence on family processes, most studies only include same-faith couples. Subsequently, we qualitatively explored the experiences of 32 happily married interfaith couples, examining their sources of guidance in marriage and parenting, reasons for rejecting influences, and the role of religion in their family functioning. We identified one theme of rejecting outside influence and five key themes/sources of influence: one another/themselves, family, friends, media/professionals, and spiritual sources. Findings emphasize similarities between interfaith couples and American families …

Testing The Effect Of Speaker Diarization And Speech Separation On Vowel Formant Estimates, Joseph A. Stanley, Lisa Morgan Johnson, Earl Kjar Brown

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Historic Rock Hill Collection - Accession 1875, Historic Rock Hill, White Family, Fewell Family, Rock Hill History

Manuscript Collection

The Historic Rock Hill Collection consists of materials relating to the history of Rock Hill and its notable historic buildings, locations, and families. This collection includes various photographs of buildings and roads, news clippings, records, yearbooks, fliers, maps, and prints pertaining to Rock Hill, S.C. The collection also includes Historic Rock Hill records (donation records and a photo journal), photographs and records pertaining to the White Family and the Fewell Family, as well as land plats, maps, and renovation plans of the White Home and Historic Rock Hill property. Historic Rock Hill, which was founded in the 1980s as the …

Annual Security Report For Calendar Year 2024, Illinois State University Police Department

Clery Act Annual Security Report

Illinois State University Police Department Annual Security Report

2025 Digital Commons And Experts Annual Report, Amanda Steinvall

Publications 2026-present

No abstract provided.

Confining Rights: The Neuroscientific Challenge To Long-Term Solitary Confinement Under The Eighth Amendment

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

Prima Facie Regulatory Capture: Lessons From Epa’S Regulation Of Glyphosate And Pfas ‘Forever Chemicals’, Jason Maclean

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

In From The Cold: Notes On Sixteenth-Century English Catholic History, Freddy Cristobal Dominguez

History Faculty Publications and Presentations

English Catholic history continues to tread new ground, revisit old theories, and draw together theoretical and geographical frameworks. However, it continues to struggle to be accepted as part of the "mainstream" narrative of English history. In this review essay, I explore three key areas of growth related to the study of sixteenth-century English Catholicism: returning Catholics to the "high politics" of England; a renewed emphasis on gender, particularly the role of religious women; and an international/transnational orientation that reaffirms the close ties between Britain and the Continent. Recently reviewed works include Lillian Lodine-Chaffey, A Weak Woman in a Strong Battle: …

Willa And Nicole: An Observational Case On Preparing Future Special Educators To Adapt To And Thrive In Diverse Communities, Tiara S. Brown, Benjamin Riden

Journal of Case Learning & Exceptional Learners

As teacher educators prepare preservice teachers for careers in a wide range of geographic and political contexts, they face the challenge of equipping students with the knowledge and skills needed to succeed in diverse classrooms across the United States. Future special educators may be entering school systems that are influenced by varying political climates and policies, ranging from more progressive regions to those with more conservative approaches to education. This observation-based case examines two preservice teachers from diverse backgrounds and explores their perceptions on pressing educational issues and feelings about their preparation program. It also discusses how teacher preparation programs …

Partnering With Comprehensive Transition Programs To Increase Preservice Teacher Internship Opportunities, Kelly B. Kearney, Brianna J. Miller, Kaley Adams

Journal of Case Learning & Exceptional Learners

This case study examines collaborative partnerships between comprehensive transition programs and special education departments. It highlights the value of preservice teacher internship placements, which offer critical opportunities for interns to observe experienced educators demonstrate essential skills for student success. Through these placements, preservice teachers gain exposure to innovative teaching methods and adaptive technologies commonly used in comprehensive transition programs, broadening their toolkits for supporting students of all ages with of varying exceptionalities. By cultivating partnerships between comprehensive transition programs and special education departments, preservice teachers gain access to strong role models, enhancing professional growth and preparing them for successful careers. …

Rise Above: Supporting Teacher Candidates With Autism Through Specialized Coaching, Allison N. Oliver

Journal of Case Learning & Exceptional Learners

This case study examines the impact of specialized coaching support for preservice special education teachers with autism during their senior year of their teacher preparation program with specific focus on practicum and student teaching placements. The study involved two undergraduate students, ages 21 and 20, diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, who were in their final year of a special education licensure program at a university in a rural area in the Midsouth region of the United States. Both participants had disclosed their disability status and requested accommodations through university services. The coaching process evolved through four distinct phases over two …

Supporting Special Education Teachers Pursuing Board Certification In Behavior Analysis With Quality Supervision, Kathleen M. Randolph, Larry Fisher

Journal of Case Learning & Exceptional Learners

The principles of Applied Behavior Analysis and Special Education are more alike than different, yet special education teachers encounter difficulties finding fieldwork supervision to meet the Behavior Analyst Certification Board’s requirements. Special education teachers spend much of their time consulting with general education teachers to support and change student behavior, observing students in classrooms to identify target behaviors, collecting data to identify the underlying function of behavior to develop high-quality functional behavior assessments, and creating behavior intervention plans using evidence-based practices to promote socially significant behavior for students with challenging behaviors in the school setting. While most Board Certified Behavior …

The Immigration Subpoena Power, Lindsay Nash

Articles

For over a century, the federal government has wielded the immigration subpoena power in darkness, forcing private individuals, subfederal governments, and others to help it detain and deport. This vast administrative power has remained opaque even to those who receive these subpoenas and invisible to those it affects most. Indeed, the very people targeted by these subpoenas often don’t know they exist, much less how they facilitate arrest and deportation. For these reasons—and more—this power has escaped the legal battles raging over other immigration enforcement tactics and the scrutiny of journalists, scholars, and courts. Thus, as state- and locality-held information …

Methodologies For Label Free Raman Microspectroscopic Monitoring Of Viral Replication Processes In Vitro, Iqra Chaudary, Judit Barabas, Ultan F. Power, Luke O'Neill, Hugh J. Byrne, Denise Denning

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

This study demonstrates the use of Raman Spectroscopy, integrated with multivariate statistical analysis, to monitor the process of viral infection in cells, in-vitro, using the model example of Sendai Virus (SeV) infection in LLC-MK2 monkey kidney cells. A comprehensive methodology is described for determining a precise multiplicity of infection, 48 h post infection, tailored for analysis of viral-host interactions using Raman Microspectroscopy. SeV infected LLC-MK2 cells were fixed on a gold-coated glass slide for Raman spectroscopic analysis. 30-point spectra of uninfected control and 30-point spectra of SeV-infected cells were acquired, focusing randomly on the individual cells. Mean Raman spectra of …

The Impossibility Of Religious Equality, Zalman Rothschild

Articles

The Supreme Court has recently adopted a new rule of religious equality: Laws unconstitutionally discriminate against religion when they deny religious exemptions but provide secular exemptions that undermine the law’s interests to the same degree as would a religious exemption. All the Justices and a cadre of scholars have agreed in principle with this approach to religious equality. This Essay argues that this new rule of religious equality is inherently unworkable, in part because it turns on treating that which is religious the same as its secular “comparators.” But religion is not comparable to anything neither in terms of its …

The Violence Of Bright Lines, Terrell Woolfolk, Kathryn E. Miller

Articles

The U.S. Supreme Court interprets the Eighth Amendment to prohibit members of certain groups from serving extreme punishments, such as the death penalty and life without parole. For example, the Court has long banned death sentences for people with intellectual disability and for those who were under eighteen years old at the time of their crime. More recently, in Graham v. Florida and Miller v. Alabama, the Court extended this reasoning to sentences of life without parole for those under eighteen—prohibiting the sentence altogether for nonhomicide crimes and barring its mandatory imposition for homicides.

Many scholars and advocates have applauded …

Doubting Thomas And Questioning Stare Decisis Under The Roberts Court, Wilfred U. Codrington Iii

Articles

The article critically examines the erosion of stare decisis under the Roberts Court, highlighting concerns about the Supreme Court's increasing willingness to overturn established precedents. While acknowledging the importance of stare decisis in maintaining stability and equality, the author argues that its practical value is being undermined by ideological polarization and a departure from traditional legal reasoning. The article questions the Court's recent approach to precedent, particularly in cases like Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization and Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard, and critiques the conservative majority's aggressive use of judicial power.

An Alternate History Of Chevron, With A Lesson For Today, Michael E. Herz

Articles

It is a banal truism that judicial deference to agency decisionmaking enables the executive branch to pursue its agenda, whatever that agenda may be. That was obvious to all in the early years of the Chevron decision, which was greeted enthusiastically on the right and skeptically on the left. In Chevron itself, and for a while thereafter, deference advanced the Reagan deregulatory program. Over the years, a subtler conclusion gained consensus: overall and in the long haul, judicial deference is likely to have a net pro-regulatory impact. Hence the right’s hardened opposition to Chevron leading up to its demise. But …