Digital Commons Network^™

Intercellular Mitochondrial Transfer Contributes To Microenvironmental Redirection Of Cancer Cell Fate, Julie Sofie Bjerring, Yara Khodour, Emilee Anne Peterson, Patrick Christian Sachs, Robert David Bruno

School of Medical Diagnostics & Translational Sciences Publications

The mammary microenvironment has been shown to suppress tumor progression by redirecting cancer cells to adopt a normal mammary epithelial progenitor fate in vivo. However, the mechanism(s) by which this alteration occurs has yet to be defined. Here, we test the hypothesis that mitochondrial transfer from normal mammary epithelial cells to breast cancer cells plays a role in this redirection process. We evaluate mitochondrial transfer in 2D and 3D organoids using our unique 3D bioprinting system to produce chimeric organoids containing normal and cancer cells. We demonstrate that breast cancer tumoroid growth is hindered following interaction with mammary epithelial cells …

A Comparison Of Floating Catchment Area Parameters With Applications To A Dataset Of Clinics Enrolled In A Statewide Child And Adolescent Psychiatric Consultation Program, Jocelyn Hunyadi, Lara S Savas, Kehe Zhang, Jeanette E Deason, Ryan Ramphul, Melissa F Peskin, Erica L Frost, Cici Bauer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Healthcare resources are often crucial but limited, requiring careful consideration and informed allocation based on population needs and potential healthcare access. In resource allocation settings, availability and accessibility of resources should be examined simultaneously. The two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method has been previously used to evaluate spatial accessibility to healthcare resources and services, and to address health-related disparities. The 2SFCA methods have regained significant popularity during the COVID-19 pandemic, as their application proved crucial in addressing priority public health data analysis, modeling, and accessibility challenges. However, comprehensive comparisons of the 2SFCA method input parameters in the context of …

Untargeted Metabolome Atlas For Sleep-Related Phenotypes In The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study Of Latinos, Ying Zhang, Brian W Spitzer, Yu Zhang, Danielle A Wallace, Bing Yu, Qibin Qi, Maria Argos, M Larissa Avilés-Santa, Eric Boerwinkle, Martha L Daviglus, Robert Kaplan, Jianwen Cai, Susan Redline, Tamar Sofer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Sleep is essential to maintaining health and wellbeing of individuals, influencing a variety of outcomes from mental health to cardiometabolic disease. This study aims to assess the relationships between various sleep-related phenotypes and blood metabolites.

METHODS: Utilising data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, we performed association analyses between 40 sleep-related phenotypes, grouped in several domains (sleep disordered breathing (SDB), sleep duration, sleep timing, self-reported insomnia symptoms, excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), and heart rate during sleep), and 768 metabolites measured via untargeted metabolomics profiling. Network analysis was employed to visualise and interpret the associations between sleep phenotypes …

Revisiting Circular Economy Rebound: Market Dynamics, Policy Implications, And Future Research Directions, Trevor Zink Ph.D., Benjamin H. Lowe, Andrea Genovese, David Font Vivaco

Management Faculty Works

The circular economy has gained momentum as a sustainability paradigm that aims to decouple economic growth from environmental degradation by promoting resource efficiency and waste minimization. However, mounting evidence points to a critical challenge: circular economy rebound (CER). This phenomenon occurs when efficiency improvements intended to reduce resource use provoke systemic, market, or behavioral responses that diminish or even reverse the anticipated environmental gains. This is particularly problematic within growth-oriented economies, where resource efficiency often reinforces rather than reduces consumption. This paper draws on insights from a roundtable discussion with leading experts—Trevor Zink, David Font Vivanco, and Andrea Genovese—to critically …

Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure And Sleep Disturbance In School-Aged Children In Appalachian Ohio, Ketrell Mcwhorter, Christine Kim, Timothy J. Hilbert, Danielle E. Mcbride, Anthony A. Mangino, Patrick J. Parsons, Kurunthachalam Kannan, Erin N. Haynes

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Introduction: Secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure remains a major public health concern for children and has been implicated in sleep disturbances through biological and behavioral mechanisms. Different methods of measuring SHS exposure have yielded inconsistent results. This study examined the relationship between SHS exposure and sleep among rural Appalachian 7–9-year-olds, utilizing three SHS measurements: natural log-transformed (ln) serum cotinine concentrations, dichotomized serum cotinine levels (≥0.05 vs. <0.05 ng/ml), and parent/caregiver report of ≥1 smoker in the home. We hypothesized SHS-exposed children would have a significantly higher prevalence of sleep disturbance—e.g., short sleep, frequent snoring, night awakenings—compared to unexposed, regardless of measurement method. Methods: We used data from the Marietta Community Actively Researching Exposure Study, a cohort of 404 children in Marietta and Cambridge, Ohio. Sleep disturbances were parent/caregiver-reported. Linear models were used for continuous outcomes to estimate beta coefficients; log-binomial models with generalized estimating equations (exchangeable correlation) were applied for dichotomized outcomes to estimate prevalence ratios (PR), each with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Twenty-six percent of children had a parent/caregiver report of ≥1 sleep disturbance. There was a 35% increased prevalence of short sleep [PR = 1.35 (95%CI:1.02–1.80), p =.04] with each unit increase of ln serum cotinine levels, adjusting for age, sex, parent education, BMI percentile, and history of breathing difficulties in the past two years. Increasing ln serum cotinine levels were associated with a significant 5.5-min decrease in average sleep duration in age-adjusted models. Conclusions: Higher SHS exposure was associated with poorer sleep outcomes, with serum cotinine emerging as the only measure linked to short sleep, underscoring the importance of smoke-free environments, particularly in rural communities, and objective exposure assessment.

Challenges And Opportunities Of Universal Health Coverage In Africa: A Scoping Review, Evaline Chepchirchir Langat, Paul Ward, Hailay Gesesew, Lillian Mwanri

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

Background: Universal health coverage (UHC) is a global priority, with the goal of ensuring that everyone has access to high-quality healthcare without suffering financial hardship. In Africa, most governments have prioritized UHC over the last two decades. Despite this, the transition to UHC in Africa is seen to be sluggish, with certain countries facing inertia. This study sought to examine the progress of UHC-focused health reform implementation in Africa, investigating the approaches utilized, the challenges faced, and potential solutions.

Method: Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines, we scoped the literature …

Atrial Fibrillation Burden And Clinical Outcomes In Dual-Chamber Pacemaker Recipients, Ka Ho Oscar Chiu, Shou Yan Kam, Ka Chun Kevin Lee, To Shing Wong, Jacky Kit Chan, Yuk-Kong Lau, Kwok-Lun Lee, Wai-Ling Jessica Poon

Journal of the Hong Kong College of Cardiology

Background

Pacemaker-detected atrial fibrillation (PDAF) and its burden are associated with adverse clinical outcomes, but consensus is lacking on its definition and local clinical outcomes are unclear. We evaluated PDAF, its burden and relationship with major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE).

Methods

This retrospective study recruited adult patients receiving dual-chamber pacemakers from 2014 to 2022. The presence of PDAF of 5 minutes, PDAF burden (defined by the longest episode) and time to new-onset PDAF were measured and analysed. High PDAF burden was defined as PDAF lasting 24 hours.

Results

A total of 275 patients were analysed and followed for …

32nd Annual Scientific Congress Of Hong Kong College Of Cardiology Abstracts

Journal of the Hong Kong College of Cardiology

No abstract provided.

Characteristics And Clinical Outcomes Of Young Patients With St-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction A Retrospective Study, Cheung Pak Nung Rocco, Chi Yan Raymond Fung

Journal of the Hong Kong College of Cardiology

Background ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) carries high mortality and poor outcomes without timely treatment. Its occurrence in young patients is especially concerning due to social impact. Objectives This study examined the characteristics and outcomes of young STEMI patients in Hong Kong to identify areas for public health improvement. Methods We retrospectively reviewed STEMI patients admitted to Princess Margaret Hospital from January 2019 to January 2023 who underwent coronary angiography and reperfusion therapy. Patients were grouped as young (years) or older (≥50 years). Results Out of 818 patients treated with PCI, 102 (12.5%) were under 50 years old. Compared to …

Prevalence And Relationship Of Poor Sleep Quality And Suicidality Risk Among Patients With Schizophrenia, Inu Arya, Nanda Kumar Paniyadi, Debadatta Mahapatra, Jaison Jacob, Rakesh Vr

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

No abstract provided.

Soothing Little Feet: Exploring Warm Water Foot Baths As A Gentle Fever-Reduction Therapy For Children", Alphy Philip, Manjusha A P, Jaison Jacob

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Introduction: Footbath therapy has been traditionally used as a non-pharmacological approach to promote relaxation, improve circulation, and regulate body temperature. Warm water footbath therapy, in particular, is believed to aid in reducing fever by enhancing peripheral vasodilation, which facilitates heat dissipation.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of warm water footbath therapy in reducing body temperature in children with fever.

Method: A quasi-experimental design with pre-and post-test control groups was used, involving 40 children aged 6-12 years. Participants were split into an experimental group (n=20) receiving warm water footbath therapy for 15-20 minutes and a control group (n=20) receiving standard care. …

‘Impact Of Titration Of Atropine On Clinical Outcomes In Organophosphorus Poisoning Patients: An Observational Study’, Ashwini Ashwini, Janet Alva, Vivek Gopinathan

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Background: Organophosphorus (OP) poisoning is a significant public health problem globally, leading to symptoms such as cholinergic crisis, intermediate syndrome, and altered consciousness. Proper administration of atropine, based on acetylcholinesterase enzyme levels, is critical to prevent deterioration. This study aims to describe how atropine titration parameters affect clinical outcomes in patients with organophosphorus poisoning

Materials and Methods: An observational cohort study included 46 OP poisoning patients aged over 18 years, admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Data were collected within 24 hours of ICU admission using structured checklists covering demographic profiles, atropine titration, and clinical outcomes. Descriptive statistics were …

Posterior Circulation Stroke- A Case Report, Janet Alva, Shwetha Prabhu, Raghavendra Rao S

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Background: Stroke is most commonly seen in individuals over 65 years of age. When it occurs in adults between 18 and 65 years, it is classified as a young stroke. Unusual presentations such as dizziness, visual disturbances, or sensory changes often contribute to delayed recognition. Early identification is crucial for preventing complications and enhancing neurological outcomes. Case presentation: A 34-year-old female presented to the emergency department with a sudden onset of dizziness, right-sided tingling and weakness, and blurred vision. The neurological examination revealed subtle signs of posterior circulation impairment. MRI brain stroke protocol demonstrated an acute posterior circulation infarct involving …

Symptoms And Risk Factors Of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Among Computer Users, Keerthi Naik, Leena Sequira, Roseminu Varghese

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Background and Objective:

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a common occupational health issue, especially for people who use computers for extended periods of time and make repetitive wrist and hand motions. Concerns about the onset of CTS symptoms and related risk factors have been raised by the increasing use of computers in professional settings. For early intervention and prevention in high-risk populations, it is essential to comprehend its clinical presentation and occupational risks. The objectives of this study were to assess the symptoms and identify the risk factors for CTS and explore the association between demographics, risk factors, and CTS …

Academic Stress, Performance, And Satisfaction Among Undergraduate Nursing Students Under The Semester System, Kalyani Sinha, Sangeetha Priyadarshini, Baby S Nayak, Meghna Pandit

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Introduction: Stress is a key indicator of psychological well being. Various factors contribute to the psychological disturbances among undergraduate students. These issues can affect academic satisfaction and increase stress. Examination-related stress negatively impacts students’ academic performance. Each course determines its assessment methods, content, learning strategies and instructional approaches. Objectives: This study assessed academic stress, performance, and satisfaction among undergraduate nursing students in the semester system at selected nursing colleges in Udupi District, Karnataka and find it’s relationship. Method: A descriptive study was conducted among 210 undergraduate students selected from the second and fourth semesters using a purposive sampling …

Determinants Of Sme Internationalisation In Developing Economies: An In-Depth Analysis Of The Sri Lankan Market, Sumalka Mendis

Plymouth Business School Theses

This research explores how internationalisation intersects with Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) when considering the global economy. The focus of the research is on the ways in which SMEs engage in internationalisation, particularly through exporting, and examines the role of government policies in supporting this process. The study highlights a noticeable research gap related to the barriers encountered by SMEs in underdeveloped economies and the service sector. These areas have received little attention in existing literature, which are focussed on developed nations and considering manufacturing firms.Through a case study of Sri Lanka, this research aims to evaluate the barriers towards …

An Investigation Of Maritime Piracy And Its Implications To The Development And Sustainability Of The Port Harcourt Seaport, Its Local Communities And The Niger Delta Region In Nigeria., Nsikan Umoette

Plymouth Business School Theses

ABSTRACTWithin the last decade, widespread ramifications of maritime piracy occasioned by insurmountable piratical attacks in the Gulf of Guinea region have been evidently seen in the Nigerian territorial waters with hallmarks on strategic areas in the Niger Delta region, Nigeria – the Port Harcourt seaport, its local communities, and the Niger Delta region. It is against this backdrop that this study investigates maritime piracy and its implications for the development and sustainability of the Port Harcourt Seaport, its local communities, and the Niger Delta region in Nigeria. Incorporating maritime piracy and sustainability in the literature review showed the social and …

Factors Influencing Sustainability Practices In Processes Of Manufacturers In The Nigerian Fast-Moving Consumer Goods Sector, Akintayo Akinrinsola

Plymouth Business School Theses

This research investigates the factors influencing the adoption and implementation of sustainability practices and processes in the manufacturing and business operations of organisations in the Nigerian Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector. The study is driven by global calls for sustainable industrial practices, this study seeks to understand how internal factors (such as organisational characteristics, culture, resources, and leadership commitment) and external pressures (regulations, consumer expectations, and competitive forces) shape corporate responses to sustainability drivers. The research aims to explore the drivers, barriers, and organizational responses to sustainability is essential for promoting long-term environmental and economic resilience, within this context.The study …

An Investigation Of The Awareness And Preparedness Amongst The Tourism And Event Industries Of The Threat Of A Marine-Based Terrorist Attack., Carleen Martin

Plymouth Business School Theses

This study is an investigation of the awareness and preparedness amongst the tourism and event industries of the threat of a marine-based terrorist attack. The purpose was to determine the extent of the threat of a marine-based terrorist attack to the tourism and event industries operating in coastal areas in the United Kingdom and gain an in depth understanding of the perception, awareness, and preparedness of marine-based terrorist risk held by the multiple stakeholders involved. This research took a qualitative approach obtaining the expert testimonies of senior operatives in the field who have been involved in the emergency response to …

Analysing Visitors’ Emotions, Testing The Dramma Model, And Using Reflective Practice For Guided Walk Development, Jane Webb

Plymouth Business School Theses

This thesis examines the relationship between visitor engagement, aura, nostalgia, and emotion in guided walks, demonstrating how these concepts influence the tourism experience. The study advances understanding by offering a pragmatic insight into visitor emotions during co-creation. To achieve the aims, a study of Facebook posts was performed to understand the ties between current and former residents of Torbay. The research's significance stems from its comprehensive examination of visitors' emotional and subjective well-being (DRAMMA) during guided walks. The work assessed contributed to the DRAMMA Model, encompassing detachment, recovery, autonomy, mastery, meaning, and affiliation. The methodological approach follows an interpretative route, …

Experimental And Finite Element Analysis On Seismic Performance Of Composite Shear Walls With Embedded Cold-Formed C-Shape Steel Section, Mohamed F. Abd El-Wahed, Sameh Moustafa Gaawan, Mohamed M. Yehia

Trends in advanced sciences and technology

The composite shear wall with embedded cold formed steel-braces (ECFSB) is a revolutionary pattern of composite wall. It involves of a cold formed steel (CFS) braced frame that is fully immersed within reinforced concrete. The purpose of this configuration is to develop the lateral resilience of the shear wall. The CF steel columns, which are embedded the walls, boost the wall's capability to augment bending forces. Additionally, the steel braces, which are enclosed within the web, enhance the wall's efficiency to resist shear forces. This study investigates the cyclic shear behaviour of compact embedded cold formed steel (ECFS) walls by …

Finite Element Modeling For Two-Dimensional Wireless Capsule Endoscope Manipulation System, Wael S. Abbas, Mohamed T. El-Wakad, R.R. Darwish

Trends in advanced sciences and technology

The inadequacies of traditional flexible endoscopes used in gastrointestinal diagnostic procedures, causing pain and discomfort to patients, led to the development of the wireless capsule endoscope. There are two types of wireless capsule endoscopes: passive and active. The passive wireless capsule endoscope cannot stop at a specific position for diagnostic purposes, which can lead to capsule retention. The active capsule can solve those problems. In this article, we use COMSOL Multiphysics to simulate a two-dimensional (2D) electromagnetic actuation (EMA) system for active wireless capsule endoscope. The EMA system uses a stationary two-pair coil system (Helmholtz and Maxwell). The capsule endoscope …

Synthesis And Characterization Of A High Entropy Alloy By Powder Metallurgy Technique, Aya Fawzy, Mohamed Bhlol, Osama Dawood, Ayman Elsayed

Trends in advanced sciences and technology

Synthesis of CuCoFeNiW alloy has been realized by powder metallurgy. Mechanical alloying was used to prepare a high-entropy alloy consisting of Cu, Co, Fe, Ni with and without 10 wt.% W particles. The mixed samples were compacted by a uniaxial press under pressures ranging from 340 to 840 MPa. Green samples were sintered in a vacuum sintering furnace from 1150 and 1300 C. The results have shown that the proposed synthesis route could be used to obtain the alloy with proper transformation and metallurgical properties. Hot forging has effectively increased the hardness of the alloy at all preparation conditions.

The Possible Protective Effect Of Coenzyme Q10 And Indole-3-Carbinol On Cyclosporine Induced Nephrotoxicity In Rats, Maha A. Ollaek, Gehan S. Georgy, Engy M. El Morsy, Eman M. Raafat

Trends in advanced sciences and technology

Background: Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a potent immunosuppressive drug, with nephrotoxicity being its most frequent adverse effect, primarily due to the involvement of free radicals in inflammatory and fibrotic pathways. Both coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a fat-soluble vitamin-like molecule, and indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a natural compound, possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of CoQ10 and/or I3C against CsA-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Methods: Male albino rats were randomly assigned to five groups, with six rats in each group. Group (1) served as the normal control group and received corn oil orally by gavage for …

Repair And Regeneration Of Low Dose Ionizing Radiation To Injured Muscles Using Barium Chloride In A Rat Model, Esraa A. Aboelfadl, Hesham Haffez, Soheir S. Koraa, Ahmed E. Abdel Moneim, Ola H. El-Habit, Rasha S. Elbeltagy

Trends in advanced sciences and technology

The biological consequences of low dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) are strongly debated. While most studies confirm its detrimental effects, several studies suggest beneficial (hormetic) effects of LDIR as an anti-inflammatory agent on musculoskeletal injuries. The present study aimed to investigate the bio-stimulatory effects of LDIR (direct and indirect) in healing the musculoskeletal injuries induced by barium chloride (BaCl2). Thirty adult male Albino rats were used in this study and were divided into five groups as follows: control, BaCl2, g-rays (direct), g-rays (indirect), BaCl2 and g (direct), and BaCl2 and g (indirect) group. Muscle injury was induced using 50 ml of …

Evaluation Of Electrical And Piezoresistive Properties Of Carbon Black/Polyurethane Nanocomposite For Strain Sensing Applications, Nihal A. Youssef, Tamer Z. Wafy, O.R Abdelsalam, Nariman E. Elbaly, O.M. Dawood

Trends in advanced sciences and technology

Nanocomposite sensors are gaining importance due to their cost-effectiveness and the ability to modify their properties for various applications. This study investigates the electrical and piezoresistive properties of polyurethane (PU)/carbon black (CB) nanocomposites for strain-sensing applications. Nanocomposite films were prepared by mixing varying weight percentages of CB (3-6 wt %) using a direct method, followed by sonication and screen printing. The characterization of carbon black (CB) particles and nanocomposite microstructure were examined using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), while their thermal stability and degradation behavior were assessed by Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) under different temperature conditions. The …

Adme Predicted Molecular Intervention Aiming At Assessment Of An Alternative Means Of Phyto-Based Pest Control Of Cotton Leaf Roller, Haritalodes Derogata Using Diluted Ethanolic Extract Of Nux Vomica, Arnob Chakrovorty, Avidipta Hazra, Banani Bhattacharjee, Debarsi Das, Anisur Rahman Khuda-Bukhsh, Asmita Samadder

Trends in advanced sciences and technology

The leaf roller moth, Haritalodes (=Sylepta) derogata (Fabricius, 1775) (Lepidoptera) is a common pest of many economically important plant species including cotton (Gossypium spp.) and okra (Abelmoschus esculentus). This study was designed to investigate mainly the insecticidal/pesticidal efficacy of diluted ethanolic extract from seeds of native deciduous Indian tree, Strychnos nux-vomica Linn. (Nux Vom 2X - prepared by diluting raw extract or mother tincture 100 times in 91% ethanol by following homeopathic procedure) known to contain the main toxic ingredient, Strychnine and to elucidate the toxicity related cellular and physio-chemical effects inflicted by it on larva of H. derogata. Present …

To Explore Potential Targets And Their Natural Inhibitors To Combat Diabetes, Rishita Dey, Sisir Nandi, Asmita Samadder

Trends in advanced sciences and technology

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects millions of people around the globe. Prolonged hyperglycemia, abnormal metabolism of fats and carbohydrates, oxidative damage, and a high incidence of microvascular diseases are the common hallmarks of diabetes and its complications. This condition has been shown to hasten the onset of several other disorders, including peripheral neuropathy, nephropathy, and cardiomyopathy, pulmonary arterial disease, and coronary artery disease, thereby necessitating exploration of different avenues of medicinal regimen to address / delineate the complications. The subject matter for this review has been gathered from a range of research publications, review papers, and book …

Thermal Performance Of A Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle Utilizing A Heat Pipe As A Heat Exchanger, Wael I. A. Aly, Islam S. Hassan, Mo’Men I. Radwan

Trends in advanced sciences and technology

The present study experimentally investigates the performance of a vapor compression refrigeration cycle (VCRC) integrated with a heat pipe functioning as a heat exchanger. The heat pipe was developed to enhance heat transfer between the suction and liquid lines of the VCRC. The integration of the heat pipe heat exchanger (HPHE) aims to decrease the compressor duty cycle, which consequently enhances system longevity and reduces energy consumption. The effects of different working fluids and filling ratios in the HPHE on the system performance were examined. Specifically, the impact of these parameters on the refrigeration effect (RE), and overall coefficient of …

Complex Plant Disease Syndromes Induced By Plant Parasitic Nematodes And Phytopathogenic Bacteria: Interactions, Mechanisms And Management, Atef M. El-Sagheer, Eman A. Hammad, Radwa G. Mostafa

Trends in advanced sciences and technology

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are among the most significant agents contributing to plant disease complexes, acting both as direct parasites and as facilitators of bacterial infections. Their interactions with phytopathogenic bacteria are multifaceted, involving mechanical wounding caused by stylet penetration, disruption of plant cell integrity, and alteration of host physiology. These changes create favourable conditions for bacterial entry, colonization, and systemic spread. Additionally, PPNs can suppress plant defines responses and modify root exudate profiles, thereby enhancing bacterial survival and virulence in the rhizosphere. Such interactions often lead to a synergistic increase in disease incidence and severity, resulting in greater yield losses …