Digital Commons Network^™

The Artificial Intelligence Trolley Problem, James Cooper, Kashyap Kompella

Faculty Scholarship

This Essay addresses a growing Constitutional challenge in public governance: the increasing delegation of consequential decisions to algorithmic systems that encode value trade-offs between liberty and security, equity and efficiency, and expression and control, without visibility, legal justification, or institutional oversight. We view this hidden normative choice an example of the “Artificial Intelligence (AI) Trolley Problem.” Like the classic moral dilemma, it involves unavoidable sacrifices among competing goods. Unlike its philosophical counterpart, however, algorithmic trade-offs occur silently. They are embedded in data proxies, optimization logic, and model design, and insulated from scrutiny by claims of technical neutrality. This Essay argues …

When Coalitions Do Not Form: The Disability Movement And The Sustainability Movement In Congressional Hearings, Samantha Lavenhagen

American Studies Honors Papers

This thesis examines why and how the disability issue network has traditionally been excluded from the legislative process. The integration of the disability issue network into congressional hearings demonstrates larger themes of power and respect in politics and society. Whether through quotes, statements for the record, or testifying as a witness, issue networks influence lawmakers and lawmaking, building and maintaining relationships with Congress Members and other issue networks. This integration of the disability issue network into congressional hearings reveals larger themes of power and respect in politics and society. More specifically, this thesis investigates the absence of disability organizations from …

Breaking Down The Silo Of Dental Reimbursement, Ron Inge Dds

Journal of the American College of Dentists

Like it or not, reimbursement is at the heart of all actions and changes in our healthcare system. Several factors have contributed to the isolation of dentistry from the rest of the healthcare ecosystem, not the least of which is dentistry’s reliance on its own coding system. The American Dental Association (ADA) successfully established the Current Dental Terminology (CDT) codes as the official code set for submitting electronic claims. This action further solidified the separation of dentistry from broader healthcare system.

A Student’S Perspective On Breaking Down The Silos In Healthcare, John Kerns Bs

Journal of the American College of Dentists

Student perspective article on healthcare siloes across medical fields.

Leading The Way In Dentistry’S New Era: Integration, Wellness, And Respect, Brett Kessler

Journal of the American College of Dentists

Dr. Brett Kessler, President of the American Dental Association, reflects on his presidential year and his belief in the importance of three pillars in dentistry: promoting wellness, fostering a culture of respect and reconnecting the body to the mouth.

Legalized Surveillance: The Historical To Modern Policing Of Black Life, Nile Blass

Upper Level Writing Requirement Research Papers

No abstract provided.

Full Issue

Journal of Adventist Mission Studies

This issue of the Journal of Adventist Mission Studies marks a high point in Adventist missiological literature, for all the authors of the articles reside outside of North America.

Gvsu Press Releases, 2025, Grand Valley State University

University Press Releases, 1961-Present

A compilation of press releases for the year 2025 submitted by University Communications (formerly News & Information Services) to news agencies concerning the people, places, and events related to Grand Valley State University.

Characterizing The Photochemistry And Photophysics Of Benzoylbenzoate And Formylbenzoate Anions Using Cryogenic Ion Spectroscopy, Olivia Caroline Moss

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Marine chromophoric dissolved organic matter (mCDOM) is a large and complex class of material predominantly found at the air-water interface in bodies of water. While it is known to generate radicals and unwanted byproducts, such as HONO· and ·OH, the mechanism of formation for these products currently is unknown. In this dissertation, a bottom-up approach is utilized to investigate possible reaction pathways by scaling down to small-molecule models of mCDOM. Namely, this dissertation investigates the photochemistry and photophysics of benzoylbenzoates (BBA¯). Analysis of the UV spectrum of the deprotonated species reveals two dominant processes upon photoexcitation of 4BBA¯, tag loss …

The Nauru Declaration: A Milestone For Judicial Wellness, Rangajeeva Wimalasena, Lynne C. Leitch, Carly Schrever, Jeremy Fogel

Judicature International

No abstract provided.

Social Justice Unionism: Intersectionality In The Twenty-First Century Workplace, Shirley Lin

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

2025-2026 Course Catalog, University Of Montana--Missoula. Office Of The Registrar

University of Montana Course Catalogs, 1895-2024

An annual catalog of courses and course descriptions offered at the University of Montana.

University Faculty Association Collective Bargaining Agreement, 2025-2029, University Of Montana--Missoula. University Faculty Association

University Faculty Association Collective Bargaining Agreements, 1978-2025

Collective bargaining agreement between the University of Montana University Faculty Association [UFA] and the Montana University System.

Parafamily, Christina Mulligan

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Examining Risk Factors, Screening, And Survival Of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer In The United States, Sunny Siddique

Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Dissertations

Background: In the United States (US), the incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC), defined as colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosed among individuals < 50 years of age, has been increasing rapidly. Compared to late-onset CRC (i.e., CRC diagnosed among individuals aged 50 years and older), EOCRC is characterized by more aggressive pathology and distinct genetic profiles, indicating that the etiology of EOCRC may be different. There have been a limited number of studies examining the risk factors of EOCRC, and none have focused on early life risk factors, which could be particularly relevant to early-onset diseases. In May 2021, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) reduced the recommended age of CRC screening from 50 years to 45 years, and the COVID-19 pandemic influenced the provision of preventive services across the country. These events could impact the patterns of screening for EOCRC, but no study has systematically assessed such impacts in a large sample of the US population. Furthermore, the role of ecological factors on survival disparities among individuals with EOCRC remains understudied, and prior studies evaluating these factors have not accounted for potential spatial correlation. These knowledge gaps warrant a set of epidemiological studies to clarify the risk factors, screening patterns, and prognostic factors of EOCRC.

Methods: We conducted three innovative research studies to understand EOCRC etiology, screening, and survival using a range of study designs and analytical methods. In the first study, we included 1,221 cases diagnosed with EOCRC at the age of 0-39 years during 1988-2021 and 61,050 controls without cancer matched on year of birth from the California Linkage Study of Early-Onset Cancers, which is a nested case-control study within the California birth cohort. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) …

It's My Data And I'Ll Protect It If I Want To: A Proposal To Standardize Biometric Data Privacy Laws Between The United States And European Union, Haley Rubin

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

No abstract provided.

About This Time Of Year!, Denise Maihofer Cde

AADEJ - The Communicator

The Executive Director expresses enthusiasm for the judges reviewing Gies Journalism Award entries and winners of various awards (ICD, AADEJ-ADEA Gies, Distinguished Dental Editor), who will soon be notified. She provides details for the upcoming Annual Meeting and Conference in San Diego on September 9-10, highlighting the lineup of speakers, meals, and a joint reception with ICD and AADEJ where all awards will be presented, a break from the traditional lunch presentation. She also mentions a separate lunch speaker from the Maritime Museum of San Diego. Mrs. Maihofer announces a webinar on August 7 with Dr. Arnell Wright titled "Under …

Editors As Awakeners, Mali Schantz-Feld Ma, Cde

AADEJ - The Communicator

This article explores the editor’s role in soliciting high-quality content by acting as an "awakener" for prospective authors. By using leading questions, editors can help dental professionals transform clinical experiences, research findings, and practice management challenges into compelling articles. The associate editor emphasizes that "teachable moments" and unusual case studies are often more valuable than prestigious accolades in educating the dental community.

Gendered Liberty, Laura Portuondo

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Certified Dental Editor — The Icing On The Cake, Mali Schantz-Feld Ma, Cde

AADEJ - The Communicator

Associate Editor Mali Schantz-Feld draws a compelling analogy between the prestigious Michelin Guide status for restaurants and the Certified Dental Editor (CDE) designation sponsored by the AADEJ. She explains that just as Michelin status motivates culinary excellence, CDE encourages dental editors and journalists to maintain high standards of excellence and ethics while continuously developing writing, editing, and design skills. To attain the CDE designation, individuals must complete 30 hours of continuing education in key areas such as writing, editing, layout and design, editorial leadership, and communications within four years of applying. Attending three consecutive AADEJ Annual Conferences can fulfill these …

How To Start Your Podcast: The Industrial Expert Shares His Secrets, Kevin Henry

AADEJ - The Communicator

Mr. Henry of DrBicuspid.com details the foundational steps for launching a podcast within the dental space, covering the three phases of recording, editing, and distribution. The author stresses the importance of understanding audience needs regarding show length and content consistency to build loyalty. Additionally, the article highlights the role of artificial intelligence in content promotion and the necessity of persistence during the early stages of audience growth.

Education, Networking, And Just Plain Fun At San Diego Conference, Denise Maihofer

AADEJ - The Communicator

This article summarizes the successful collaborative meeting between the AADEJ and the International College of Dentists (ICD) in San Diego. The report celebrates the presentation of numerous journalism awards, the recognition of newly certified dental editors, and the awarding of the inaugural Detlef Moore Scholarship to student Arjun Patel. The event underscored the value of in-person networking and ongoing professional recognition for both dentist and non-dentist editors.

Iimproving Discharges Within The Monitored Pod Units Of A Regional Health Center In Bryan, Tx, Paul R. Russell Iii

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Project Abstract

IMPROVING DISCHARGE RATES WITHIN THE MONITORED POD UNITS OF A REGIONAL HEALTH CENTER IN BRYAN, TX

Purpose

The purpose of this scholarly project was to improve discharges by 11:00 a.m. within the Monitored Pod Units located in a regional hospital in Bryan, Texas.

Background

The current discharge rate by 1100 for the monitored pod units at the regional health center was below the health system goal of 50%. The impacts of delayed discharges are broad and can be seen throughout the regional health center. Delayed discharges have a direct effect on staff satisfaction, patient satisfaction, and decreased revenue.

Methodology

This …

Reducing Hospital-Acquired Pressure Injuries: A Quality Improvement Project Implementing A Visual Reminder System In The Intensive Care Unit, Henry H. Remschel Iii

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Project Abstract

Purpose

This quality improvement (QI) project aimed to reduce hospital-acquired pressure injuries (HAPIs) by 10% in an intensive care unit through the implementation of a skin risk assessment form and a visual reminder system.

Background

Hospital-acquired pressure injuries negatively impact patient outcomes and can increase costs associated with a hospital stay. Studies have shown that visual reminders can improve nursing intervention compliance and correlate with improved patient outcomes.

Methodology

The project implemented a skin-risk assessment form to identify patients at risk for developing pressure injuries during their hospital stay. For high-risk patients, a “High Skin Risk” magnet was placed outside …

Access Or Sovereignty, John T. Holden

Emory Law Journal

Despite centuries of genocidal assimilation and forced removal, Indigenous communities in the United States have persevered and even thrived. A key driver of economic success for many tribes is gambling. While states objected, perhaps out of greed, the Supreme Court held that, as sovereign governments, gaming operations on tribal land were largely beyond the reach of state governments and law enforcement. The Supreme Court’s Cabazon decision furthered a congressional push to develop a negotiated solution to recognize Indigenous communities’ rights as sovereigns while balancing states’ desire to limit the volume of gambling taking place within their borders. The Indian Gaming …

Health Is Wealth: Strengthening Plaintiffs’ Ability To Confer Standing In Health Information Data Breach Cases, Kayla M. O'Brien

Emory Law Journal

Individuals’ health information is increasingly at risk of data breaches as healthcare providers adopt health information technologies and individuals use digital devices and applications to log their health data. The frequency of data breaches involving health information has escalated year after year, and, as a result, more individuals are seeking recourse in federal court. To proceed in federal court, however, these individuals must have Article III standing, and meeting the injury-in-fact requirement to confer standing has been a difficult hurdle for plaintiffs in data breach cases to overcome. Federal courts have narrowly interpreted what constitutes a concrete harm stemming from …

Technological Readiness Versus Disruption: A Framework For Assessing Distinct Artificial Intelligence Policy Strategies, Orly Lobel

Emory Law Journal

Artificial intelligence (“AI”) is here and rapidly advancing. As the 2024 Thrower Symposium of the Emory Law Journal demonstrated, developments in the integration of AI to all aspects of life raise fundamental challenges for legal scholars and policymakers about the desirability and legitimacy of algorithmic decision-making, the societal impact of automation, and the liability, ownership, and regulatory puzzles created by substituting human actions with AI systems. This Article provides a framework for analyzing the readiness and desirability of contemporary technological innovation while continuing to address the effects and impact of technological shifts on the labor market, social welfare, and democracy. …

Civil Society And The Crisis Of Privacy Law, Ari Ezra Waldman

Emory Law Journal

Based on interviews with key players, public reports, and previously undisclosed primary sources, this Article tells the inside story of the American Data Privacy and Protection Act (ADPPA) and the role of privacy nonprofit organizations in crafting it. It uses ADPPA’s drafting as a case study about larger questions of expertise, the lawmaking process, and the role of law in setting the context of advocacy. The Article’s descriptive argument is that background law and the dynamics of privacy policymaking in the United States Congress channeled and constrained the choices made by privacy civil society organizations while negotiating and drafting key …

The Globalization Of Copyright Exceptions For Ai Training, Matthew Sag, Peter K. Yu

Emory Law Journal

Generative AI, machine learning, and other computational uses of copyrighted works pose profound conceptual questions for copyright law. This Article surveys multiple countries with different legal traditions and local conditions to explore how they have responded to these questions in relation to the use of copyrighted works for AI training without express permission from the relevant rightsholders. Our survey suggests an emerging international equilibrium in which jurisdictions from around the world have found ways to reconcile copyright law and AI training. In this equilibrium, countries recognize that text and data mining, computational data analysis, and AI training can be socially …

Our Progressively Brutal Constitution: A Legal Expressivist Account Of The Excessive Force Doctrine, Danielle C. Jefferis

Emory Law Journal

The Constitution forbids some forms of physical violence. However, the scope of its protection depends on the legal status of the person subjected to the violence. The Fourth Amendment protects a person outside the criminal legal system from a state actor’s “objectively unreasonable” force. A pre-trial detainee has a similar, though weaker, right under the Due Process Clause. But after conviction, a person’s right of protection from state violence has nearly vanished: the Eighth Amendment prohibits only force applied “maliciously and sadistically for the very purpose of causing harm.” Rather than meaningfully limiting state violence, this doctrine constructs a constitutional …