Digital Commons Network^™

Multidisciplinary Approach To Treating Complex Immune Dysregulation Disorders: An Adaptive Model For Institutional Implementation, Lauren A Henderson, Megan A Cooper, Anthony French, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Patients with immune dysregulation may present with varying combinations of autoimmunity, autoinflammation, immunodeficiency, atopy, lymphoproliferation, and/or malignancy, often with multisystem involvement. Recognizing specific patterns of immune dysregulation, coordinating and interpreting complex diagnostic testing, and choosing initial (often empiric) treatment can be challenging. Centers are increasingly assembling multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) to standardize evaluation and optimize treatment of patients with complex immune dysregulation (immune dysregulation MDTs [immMDTs]). However, published information on the composition and function of immMDTs is sparse, and there is little guidance for those seeking to establish or optimize an immMDT. To inform this review, we assembled a panel of …

Sensorimotor Faculties Bias Choice Behavior, Jan Kubanek, Lawrence H Snyder, Richard A Abrams

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Decision-making is a deliberate process that seemingly evolves under our own volition. Yet, research on embodied cognition has demonstrated that higher-order cognitive processes may be influenced, in unexpected ways, by properties of motor and sensory systems. Here we tested whether and how decisions are influenced by handedness and by asymmetries in the auditory system. Right- and left- handed participants performed an auditory decision task. In the task, subjects decided whether they heard more click sounds in the right ear or in the left ear, and pressed a key with either their right or left index finger, according to an instructed …

"I Feel Like People Would Look At Me Like I'M Dirty Or Like I'M A Thief:" A Qualitative Exploration Of Interpersonal And Intrapersonal Experiences That Influence Recovery Among Adults At Risk Of Opioid-Related Overdose, Hannah S Szlyk, Sara Jones, Jordan Michener, Zhuoran Zhang, Nina Kaiser, Heidi Holtz, Melody Rachel Konadu Frempong, Husain Lateef, William Hutson, Patricia Cavazos-Rehg

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Due to the nature of early termination of treatment and the transient lifestyles of many people who use substances, many providers are unaware of the factors that may have contributed to their client's engagement in treatment. Treatment providers and researchers need a better understanding of intrapersonal and interpersonal factors that impact recovery from the clients' perspective. This study uses qualitative methods to explore these factors.

METHODS: Eligible participants were adults who had used opioids and/or stimulants and were receiving treatment at a consenting facility. Participants completed one-month follow-up interviews after using a mobile health intervention. Transcripts were analyzed using …

Adapting Data Science Competencies By Role And Purpose: Voice Ai, David A Dorr, Andrea Krussel, Rachel Hauck, Christie Jackson, Abhijeet Dalal, Steven Bedrick, Philip R O Payne, Bridge2ai-Voice Consortium;, William Hersh

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Competencies help define the skills and knowledge needed by learners. Often broad, educators integrate competencies to provide a framework for curricula or professional standards. For data science, the rate of change in the field, role variations, and specificity in key applications can be challenging. Our objective was to adapt general data science competencies for different learner roles in an emerging area: the clinical utility of Voice, Language, and Speech-based Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML). Using a persona-inductive approach, we adapted competencies to support learners from varying professional and educational backgrounds and implemented these adaptations in a multi-institutional summer school. Results from …

Upper Limb Motor Recovery In Chronic Stroke-Longitudinal Aggregate Analysis From Control Group Outcomes, Fabien Scalzo, Robert A Coker, Lauren Souders, Leo Petrossian, Kern Bhugra, Lauren Sheehan, Eric C Leuthardt, Alexander R Carter

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: This study examines the effects of regular physical activity on upper extremity motor recovery during the late subacute and chronic phases of stroke.

METHODS: Data were aggregated from 20 studies comprising 368 participants in control groups receiving usual care or general rehabilitation without specialized interventions. To isolate the impact of non-specific physical activity, studies involving robotics or task-specific therapies were excluded.

RESULTS: The primary outcome was the change in Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) motor scale. The pooled effect size for FMA-UE change was small and non-significant (Cohen's

DISCUSSION: These findings provide a quantitative benchmark for expected gains …

Comparative Effectiveness Of Epilepsy Surgery Versus Additional Anti-Seizure Medications For Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome: Study Protocol For A Multicenter, Mixed-Methods Study, Sandi Lam, Liu Lin Thio, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (LGS) is a severe developmental epileptic encephalopathy without a known cure. Management of symptoms requires substantial care. Treatment options include anti-seizure medications, dietary therapy, and epilepsy surgery. Two main treatment pathways for patients with LGS with drug resistant epilepsy are additional anti-seizure medications or epilepsy surgery, which have been reported to be effective in reduction of seizure burden and improving quality of life. No studies have directly compared the outcomes of using epilepsy surgery versus using additional anti-seizure medications for the treatment of LGS.

METHODS: This study is a multicenter, mixed-methods comparative effectiveness study of LGS patients …

Piezo1-Mediated Calcium Influx Transiently Alters Nuclear Mechanical Properties Via Actin Remodeling In Chondrocytes, Jaquelin M Garcia-Castorena, Rosa Riester, Miranda Gamino-Ornelas, Nikitha Ada, Farshid Guilak, Marina Danalache

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Mechanosensation allows cells to generate intracellular signals in response to mechanical cues from their environment. Previous research has demonstrated that mechanical stress can alter the mechanical properties of the nucleus, affecting gene transcription, chromatin methylation, and nuclear mechanoprotection during mechanical loading. PIEZO1, a mechanically gated Ca

What Is The Optimal Management Of Metastatic Spine Patients With Intermediate Spinal Instability Neoplastic Scores: To Operate Or Not To Operate?, William Chu Kwan, Matthew L Goodwin, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: In patients with extradural metastatic spine disease, we sought to systematically review the outcomes and complications of patients with intermediate Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS) lesions undergoing radiation therapy, percutaneous interventions, minimally invasive surgeries, or open spinal surgeries.

METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and the Cochrane Center Register of Controlled Trials were queried for studies that reported on SINS intermediate patients who underwent: 1) radiotherapy, 2) percutaneous intervention, 3) minimally invasive, or 4) open surgery. Dates of publication were between 2013-22. Patients …

Social Anxiety, Negative Affect, And Hearing Difficulties In Adults, Katrina Kate S. Mcclannahan, Sarah Mcconkey, Julia M Levitan, Thomas L Rodebaugh, Jonathan E Peelle

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Subjective ratings of communication function reflect both auditory sensitivity and the situational, social, and emotional consequences of communication difficulties. Listeners interact with people and their environment differently, have various ways of handling stressful situations, and have diverse communication needs. Therefore, understanding the relationship between auditory and mental health factors is crucial for the holistic diagnosis and treatment of communication difficulty, particularly as mental health and communication function may have bidirectional effects. The goal of this study was to evaluate the degree to which social anxiety and negative affect (encompassing generalized anxiety, depression, and anger) contributed to subjective communication function (hearing …

Multisensory Naturalistic Decoding With High-Density Diffuse Optical Tomography, Kalyan Tripathy, Zachary E Markow, Morgan Fogarty, Mariel L Schroeder, Alexa M Svoboda, Adam T Eggebrecht, Bradley L Schlaggar, Jason W Trobaugh, Joseph P Culver

2020-Current year OA Pubs

SIGNIFICANCE: Decoding naturalistic content from brain activity has important neuroscience and clinical implications. Information about visual scenes and intelligible speech has been decoded from cortical activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electrocorticography, but widespread applications are limited by the logistics of these technologies.

AIM: High-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) offers image quality approaching that of fMRI but with the silent, open scanning environment afforded by optical methods, thus opening the door to more naturalistic research and applications. Although early visual decoding studies with HD-DOT have been promising, decoding of naturalistic auditory and multisensory stimulus information from HD-DOT data …

Sociodemographic Factors Predict Outcomes And Reveal Spatial Tumor Patterns In Glioblastoma, Patrick H Luckett, Michael Olufawo, Noah Naddaff-Slocum, Ki Yun Park, Bidhan Lamichhane, Donna Dierker, Gabriel Trevino Verastegui, John J Lee, Peter Yang, Albert Kim, Omar H Butt, Milan G Chheda, Abraham Z Snyder, Joshua S Shimony, Eric C Leuthardt

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the deadliest malignant glioma of the central nervous system. Postsurgical functional impairment correlates with survival and is estimated using metrics such as extent and location of resection. This study uses machine learning to evaluate the predictive ability of baseline sociodemographic and lifestyle factors for forecasting postoperative functional outcomes in GBM patients.

METHODS: Glioblastoma patients (

RESULTS: Utilizing decision trees with age, SVI/SES, sex, tobacco use, alcohol use, obesity, and race as predictors, we achieved 88% accuracy in classifying median KPS and 85% accuracy in classifying KPS slope. Socioeconomic factors were the strongest predictors. Age, sex, and …

Expanding The Spectrum Of White Matter Abnormalities In Wolfram Syndrome: A Retrospective Review, Justin Simo, Heather M Lugar, Tamara Hershey, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Wolfram syndrome (WFS) is a genetic disorder mainly caused by pathogenic variants in the

METHODS: We conducted an international multicenter retrospective study of the clinical, genetic, and radiological data from 17 unrelated WFS subjects.

RESULTS: Seven subjects (7/17; 41%) showed at least one focal white matter lesion evocative of MS. Among these seven, three fulfilled the McDonald radiological criteria of dissemination in space and time, suggesting an inflammatory demyelinating process. All subjects reviewed in the study had at least one of the classical WFS MRI features.

CONCLUSION: Our report expands the WFS spectrum of white matter involvement …

Male Involvement Interventions Influencing Maternal Reproductive Health Outcomes: A Narrative Synthesis Using Re-Aim With Implications For Maternal Mortality In Africa, Onyekachukwu Anikamadu, Ucheoma Nwaozuru, Nkiruka Obodoechina, Olufunto Olusanya, Temitope Ojo, Juliet Iwelunmor

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Male involvement is crucial in optimizing maternal reproductive health outcomes, offering the potential to bolster reproductive health outcomes for mothers. The Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework can describe the implementation of interventions focused on promoting male involvement in maternal reproductive health. This study aims to (1) examine the implementation of male involvement interventions that influence maternal reproductive health outcomes and (2) report the implementation outcomes as conceptualized in the RE-AIM framework.

METHODS: This protocol followed the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science utilizing a systematic …

Adaptation Of A Digital Health Intervention For Rural Adults: Application Of The Framework For Reporting Adaptations And Modifications-Enhanced, Maura M Kepper, Callie Walsh-Bailey, Loni Parrish, Ainsley Mackenzie, Lisa M Klesges, Peg Allen, Kia L Davis, Randi Foraker, Ross C Brownson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Adaptation is a key aspect of implementation science; interventions frequently need adaptation to better fit their delivery contexts and intended users and recipients. As digital health interventions are rapidly developed and expanded, it is important to understand how such interventions are modified. This paper details the process of engaging end-users in adapting the PREVENT digital health intervention for rural adults and systematically reporting adaptations using the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications-Enhanced (FRAME). The secondary objective was to tailor FRAME for digital health interventions and to document potential implications for equity.

METHODS: PREVENT's adaptations were informed by two pilot …

Blood Biomarkers As Surrogate Endpoints In Alzheimer's Disease Research, Guogen Shan, Hui Li, Yahui Zhang, Guoqiao Wang, Charles Bernick

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Blood biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be utilized as surrogate endpoints to accelerate therapeutic development for this condition.

METHODS: We assessed the association between short-term changes in blood biomarkers and long-term declines in cognitive and brain structure volume measures using the ADNI database, with a focus on amyloid-

RESULTS: A trend association was found between changes in the levels of plasma neurofilament light (NfL) at 12 months and changes in the scores on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at 24 months in Aβ-positive mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients. For A

CONCLUSION: Increased plasma levels of NfL or p-tau181 …

Dermatology Scheduling Triage Of Transplant Patients And Transplant Candidates To Improve Early Diagnosis And Prevention Of Skin Cancer: International Immunosuppression And Transplant Skin Cancer Collaborative Cxpert Consensus Recommendations, Kelsey E Hirotsu, Basia Michalski-Mcneely, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) have a high risk of developing aggressive skin cancers. However, there are no standardized triage guidelines to assist dermatology clinics with scheduling new patients pre- or post-transplant. Dermatologic care of SOTRs requires multidisciplinary coordination, extensive assessment, tailored counseling, and longitudinal care. Specialized high-risk transplant clinics are designed to address this clinical need but are a limited resource. This triage algorithm aims to provide a practical framework for tertiary care centers or community practice clinics receiving pre- or post-transplant referrals for active concerning growths or routine skin cancer screening exams. In summary, our expert panel recommends …

Evaluating A Community Academic Partnership To Advance Equity-Focused Cancer Genetic Implementation Research: A Qualitative Analysis Of Partner Perspectives, Ariana Naaseh, Meera Muthukrishnan, Isabel Temosihue, Erin L Linnenbringer

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Forming community academic partnerships (CAPs) can increase the applicability, translation, and dissemination of implementation research focused on addressing health inequities within the community setting. We aimed to explore community and academic partners' perspectives on their participation in a novel, multi-disciplinary cancer genetic equity CAP focused on developing a multi-level intervention for breast, ovarian, prostate, and pancreas cancers.

METHODS: We conducted semi-structured interviews with CAP members. Questions addressed partners' motivations for participation in the CAP, feedback about the partnership, and opportunities for future CAPs. All interviews were audio-recorded, de-identified, transcribed, and then coded inductively by 2 analysts to identify relevant …

Caregiver And Provider Perspectives On Developmental Services For Children With Sickle Cell Disease: A Mixed Methods Analysis, Mollie Tamboli, Erin Macarthur, Natalie Collins, Eunyoung Kang, Maria Fernandez, Jerlym S Porter, Heather M Conklin, Allison A King, Jane S Hankins, Andrew M Heitzer

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a monogenic blood disorder characterized by neurodevelopmental delays. Most children with SCD do not receive developmental services due in part to disparities in care access. To inform the design of a developmental intervention for children with SCD, we evaluated factors that influence access to developmental services.

METHODS: Interview data were collected from educational and medical providers (

RESULTS: We identified three themes as factors that influence caregivers' access to developmental services: quality of medical and educational experiences, caregiver knowledge and beliefs about SCD and development, and caregiver preferences for developmental services. Most caregivers denied …

Adapting A Sexual And Reproductive Health Program For Latina Teens And Their Female Caregivers: A Qualitative Study, Katherine G Merrill, Ana A Baumann, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Adaptation is widely recognized as important when interventions are to be delivered in new settings or with new populations. However, there are gaps in the literature on how adaptations are carried out and documented. IMARA is a 12-h evidence-based sexual health intervention for Black teens and their mothers, designed for delivery over two days. We present our systematic process of adapting IMARA for Latinas to produce the

METHODS: Using a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach, we carried out a qualitative study that included 7 focus groups: 4 with staff from community partner organizations (

RESULTS: Informed by the data, …

Co-Designing A Mobile Application To Reduce Self-Stigma For People With Opioid Use Disorder During Pregnancy And The Postpartum Period, Bailey W Osweiler, Thue Rammaha, Hannah S Szlyk, Nathaniel A Dell, Jushawn Macon, Nicholas C Jacobson, Casey Burley, Micah Goodman, Patricia A Cavazos-Rehg, Alex T Ramsey

2020-Current year OA Pubs

AIMS: Pregnant and postpartum individuals (PPI) face unique challenges to recovery from opioid use disorder (OUD), including stigma from self and others.

METHODS: In this fully-remote study, participants provided human-centered design feedback in semi-structured interviews at 1-month to guide adaptations. Participants also completed structured questionnaires including validated measures of self-stigma at baseline, 1-month, and 2-month follow-ups and technology acceptance at 1-month and 2-month follow-ups. Paired samples t-tests determined whether differences existed between baseline and 2-month self-stigma and between 1-month and 2-month technology acceptance.

RESULTS: Twenty PPI (40% pregnant, 60% postpartum) representing diverse geographic U.S. regions used

CONCLUSIONS: These results support …

Trust, Trust Repair, And Public Health: A Scoping Review, Peter Kalulu, Aubrey Fisher, Grace Whitter, Ipek Sener, Michelle Doering, David B Carter, Matthew Gabel, Jimin Ding, Michael Esposito, Caitlin L Mcmurtry, Pradeep Sopory, Mark D Huffman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the scope of evidence on trust, trust repair, and public health.

METHODS: We identified quantitative studies that evaluated the relationship between trust or trust repair and public health from January 1990 to May 2023. Results were stratified evaluating trust as an exposure or outcome and reporting on trust repair. Data are reported on spatiotemporal trends in publications, level of trust (institutional trust, generalized trust, and interpersonal trust), types of trust measures used, objects and determinants of trust, and associations between trust and public health behaviors.

RESULTS: Among 194 included studies, most (86%, 166/194) were published after …