Digital Commons Network^™

Wasting Disease Of A Marine Foundation Species Links Community Interactions To Disease Dynamics, Lillian R. Aoki, Olivia J. Graham, Reyn M. Yoshioka, Rebecca Maher, Lindsay Alma, Eileen E. Hofmann, Colleen A. Burge, Drew Harvell, Maya L. Groner

CCPO Publications

Infectious disease plays a key role in shaping marine communities, including in seagrass meadows, which form biodiverse coastal habitats. Eelgrass (Zostera marina) is the most widespread seagrass species and is susceptible to seagrass wasting disease, caused by the protist Labyrinthula zosterae. As a foundation species, eelgrass strongly influences ecosystem structure, function and services; recent work has begun to explore the links between critical community interactions and seagrass wasting disease. Here, we highlight recent advances about how the eelgrass community regulates and responds to seagrass wasting disease, from the microbiome to herbivores and filter feeders. We further show …

Preparing The Built Environment In Grenada For Future Sea Level Rise And Extreme Precipitation Events, Rocco D. Boyd, Meagan P. Duncan, Alivia D. Markham, Adelle K. Novak, Blaizen B. Bloom, Ashawne Edwards, Jai S. Lewis, Hans-Peter Plag

CCPO Publications

[Introduction] Communities across the globe are being affected by climate change in numerous ways. However, those most often affected, especially by sea level rise, are those small island nations that are pressed for space already; this includes the island of Grenada. Grenada is located in the southern portion of the Caribbean and is bordered by the Caribbean Sea (West) and the Atlantic Ocean (East). The planning and development authority (PDA) has been identified as the main stakeholder involved in this case study, but recommendations will be made to all parties involved to best accomplish our mission.

Key stakeholders were initially …

Residual Effect Of Silicate Agromineral Application On Soil Acidity, Mineral Availability, And Soybean Anatomy, Mariana De Carvalho Ribeiro, Antonio Ganga, Isabella Silva Cattanio, Aline Redondo Martins, Rodrigo Silva Alves, Luís Gustavo Frediani Lessa, Hamilton Seron Pereira, Fernando Shintate Galindo, Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho, Cassio Hamilton Abreu-Junior, Gian Franco Capra, Arun Dilipkumar Jani, Thiago Assis Rodrigues Nogueira

Biology, Agriculture and Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Silicate agrominerals (SA) may be sustainable soil amendments that can minimize dependence on conventional fertilizers (CF). We evaluated the residual effects of SA application as a source of Si and as a soil remineralizer, using soils with contrasting chemical-physical features cultivated with soybean. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions and treatments were arranged in a 5 × 2 + 2 factorial scheme: five rates of SA, two soils in addition to CF. The soil was incubated before cultivation, followed by the sequential sowing of corn and soybean. At the R4 phenological stage, when the pods were fully developed, soybean …

Spatial And Temporal Patterns In Short-Term Surface Sediment Deposition And Accretion At The Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve: Implications For Resilience Of Coastal Wetlands To Sea-Level Rise, Jacob Michael Berna

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Coastal wetlands are at risk of drowning due to the increasing threat of rising sea levels. Wetlands will have to build in elevation vertically or migrate horizontally to survive. Previous research has demonstrated that some wetlands have the potential to naturally build in elevation over time if deposition and accretion rates from allochthonous sediment delivery are substantial, but work in this area has been limited, and many coastal wetlands remain understudied. Portions of Northeast Florida are especially lacking in short-term surface deposition and accretion data. Without surface rates it is difficult to determine the vulnerability of different wetlands to rising …

Dynamics Of Prey-Prey Mutualism With Varying Carrying Capacity And Herd Behavior In The Presence Of Predator, Felix Dela Djokoto

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study investigates the dynamics of mutualistic relationships between two prey species in the presence of a predator, by taking into account herding in one species along with the influence of carrying capacities between two prey species. These mutualistic dynamics are presented by constructing two mathematical models, namely an indirect and direct mutualism model. As the strength of the symbiotic relationship increases the indirect model goes through transcritical bifurcation to Hopf bifurcation whereas in the direct mutualism model goes through saddle-node bifurcation to Hopf bifurcation.

Severe Aggression Among Zoo-Housed Coconut (Trichoglossus Haematodus) And Rainbow (Trichoglossus Moluccanus) Lorikeets: Wellbeing Considerations For Free-Flight Aviaries, Emily Simkins

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

As conservation and education institutions, modern zoos balance the needs of animals with the interests of visitors through several strategies which can increase animal wellbeing and improve visitor experience. Environmental enrichment is frequently employed to increase the suitability of anthropogenic environments for zoo-housed animals, such as through walkthrough habitats and free-flight aviaries. While habitats such as these are important for visitor experience and can be enriching to animals, there are also wellbeing considerations for these spaces. Walkthrough habitats can be a potential source of fear and stress for animals, as shown by increased frequencies of vigilance, undesirable behavior, and aggression. …

What’S For Dinner? A Multi-Pronged Approach Investigating The Foraging Habits And Diet Of St. Johns River Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops Erebennus), Andrea Leigh Swinehart

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Wildlife population management depends on knowledge of the population’s foraging ecology. A community of resident Tamanend’s bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops erebennus) utilizes the St. Johns River (SJR) in Jacksonville, Florida, and members of the community are regularly sighted emaciated or with skin lesions. Anthropogenic disturbances may contribute to further health decline, therefore Chapter One analyzed SJR foraging dolphin group habitat use before, during, and after a large-scale dredging event known as the Jacksonville Harbor Deepening Project (JHDP). Kernel density estimates (KDEs) of foraging dolphin group sightings were generated to estimate 95% utilization distributions (i.e., foraging home ranges) for three …

The Presence Of Mercury (Hg) And Perfluoroalkyl Substances (Pfas) In The Guana And Tolomato Rivers, Morgan E. Lattomus

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The Guana and Tolomato Rivers provide essential habitat for several ecologically and economically important species and is a well-loved and recreated area. Spanning the northeastern Florida coast, the rivers are home to over 50 endangered or threatened species and host several habitat restoration projects due to their ecological significance and proximity to development along the coast. The effects of human influence and pollution, and specifically toxic metal mercury (Hg) and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), are not well known within the system. Hg is known to biomagnify within food webs, and there is a considerable lack of literature concerning PFAS behavior within …

In Search Of A State, Maeve Glass

Faculty Scholarship

This article offers a legal history of one of America’s earliest campaigns of state legislative resistance: the effort in Massachusetts to protest the national government’s perceived dismantling of an old Atlantic commercial order from 1803 to 1815. To date, scholars have either condemned this protest as a dangerous harbinger of the Civil War or vindicated it as an inevitable and salutary extension of the Founding. This article steers a different course. By focusing on the evolving language of protest and the complex hybrid of ideas and material realities from which this language emerged, this article illuminates how Federalist leaders who …

Masthead And Table Of Contents, Lewis & Clark Law Review

Lewis & Clark Law Review

Table of Contents, masthead, editorial board, and faculty advisors for Lewis & Clark Law Review Volume 29, Issue 1, 2025.

Affording Oral Tradition Evidence Due Weight Before The International Court Of Justice, Terrence Neal

Lewis & Clark Law Review

Oral traditions are irreplaceable sources of historical information, particularly with regard to Indigenous Peoples’ histories and cultures. However, when states have submitted oral traditions as evidence of historical practices, events, and circumstances in cases before the International Court of Justice (“Court”), the Court has been reluctant to afford them significant weight. This Article, which is the first detailed study on the Court’s treatment of oral traditions, examines whether the Court is failing to provide them due or appropriate weight. Based on historical, archaeological, and anthropological research, it establishes that oral traditions can be as reliable as written documents for reconstructing …

Admitting Science: Problems With Current Admissibility Standards, William O'Donohue, Sneha Gupta

Lewis & Clark Law Review

Attorneys use expert testimony to advance legal positions in courtrooms. Because expert testimony can have tremendous influence over judges and juries, it is admitted only if it meets specific admissibility standards, i.e., Frye and Daubert. These standards provide different admissibility criteria, have been adopted by distinct sets of jurisdictions, and, we argue, are of questionable validity. These standards are attempts to ensure that only knowledge is admissible and are, then, essentially an epistemic matter. Science serves as a proxy for knowledge because science is the epistemic process that has been successful at generating knowledge. However, both epistemology and the philosophy …

Survival Of The Social Interest: Redefining The Bruen Standard To Protect Women From Violence Through United States V. Rahimi, Katelyn M. Sundstrom

Lewis & Clark Law Review

This Note explores the intersection of gun rights and gender-based violence within the U.S. legal system. It delves into the pervasive issue of domestic violence and explores the 2022 Supreme Court decision in New York State Rifle & Pistol Association v. Bruen, which rejected the use of “interest balancing” in evaluating gun regulations in favor of a purely historical and traditional approach. This shift placed significant legal scrutiny on existing firearm restrictions, including 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(8), which prohibits individuals subject to domestic violence restraining orders from possessing firearms.

The analysis centers on the 2023 case United States v. Rahimi, …

Competitive Populism, Madhav Khosla

Faculty Scholarship

The preoccupation of comparative constitutional lawyers over the past decade or so has been the rise of authoritarian populism. This chapter focuses on one possible pathway that might follow our present political moment: competitive populism. This phase will involve a certain kind of institutional vacuum: the prior institutions, associated with liberal constitutional democracy, will not lend themselves to being rebooted. In reflecting on this possible future, this chapter explores the nature and form of deinstitutionalization that has occurred under authoritarian populism, and the elements that define the emerging constitutional framework. The implication here is that what will be crucial …

Color Development Of Direct Acidified Pork Sausage Containing Alternative Curing And Reducing Agents, Jacob R. Tuell, Harley Francis, Sydney Bentz, Ashley R. Pitti, Morgan L. Denzer, Derico Setyabrata

Animal Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study evaluated the inclusion of preconverted alternative cures (celery powder [CELERY], beet powder [BEET]) compared to conventional sodium nitrite (NaNO2 [NITRITE]) formulated to 125 ppm of ingoing nitrite (NO2) in pork sausage acidified with encapsulated citric acid. Formulations included cherry powder (CHERRY) at 1000 ppm as an alternative cure accelerator, conventional sodium erythorbate (ERYTH) at 547 ppm, or no cure accelerator (NONE). The application of a holding period (OVERNIGHT) or not (IMMEDIATE) prior to thermal processing was evaluated. Batches (n = 3) were prepared in a 3 x 3 x 2 factorial arrangement of cures, accelerators, and holding periods. …

Effects Of Variable Nitrogen Fertilization Rates And Dried Distillers Grains Plus Solubles Supplementation On Forage Use, Animal Performance, And Economic Outcomes Of Steer Calves Grazing Winter Wheat Pastures, Cody E. Gruber, Miriam A. Snider, Michelle L. Johnson, Tom Hess, Elizabeth B. Kegley, J. Daniel Rivera, James A. Mitchell, M. Shane Gadberry

Animal Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

With the continued increase of fertilizer prices, stocker cattle producers may utilize alternative management strategies to mitigate costs and extend the grazing season to achieve better utilization of a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop. One potential strategy is to reduce pasture nitrogen (N) fertilization rates combined with animal dietary supplementation. In this 3-year (yr) study, wheat pastures (1.62-hectare (ha)) were stocked at fixed rates of 2.47 and 4.94 steer/ha in the fall and spring respectively. Nitrogen was applied as urea to experimental pastures at three different rates: 1) 100.9 (100N), 2) 134.5 (135N), and 3) 168.1 kg N/ha (168N). These …

Multifunctional Nanoscale Pigments: Emerging Risks And Circular Strategies For A Sustainable Future, Ajay Vikram Singh, Preeti Bhardwaj, Vimal Kishore, Sunil Choudhary, Akihiko Hirose, Neha Gupta, Madleen Busse, Swarn Lata Singh, Christopher J. Osgood

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The substantial penetration of nanoscale pigments into a range of sectors has changed the dynamics of industries such as medical, material science, and many more. Nonetheless, their persistence in the environment and probable adverse impacts on health require that an assessment of such risks be formulated considering the One Health perspective. This viewpoint considers the crossing of boundaries of progress in the nanotechnology of nanoscale pigments with environmental, animal, and human health and emphasizes the significance of collaborative activity. Traditional perspectives explain the distribution of pigment history, while the nanotechnology of today's accessibility poses problems regarding utilization, toxicities, and interactions …

Mansiones: A New Look At Mansio Archaeology In Light Of San Miceli And Household Archaeology, Christopher Randall Chadwick

Dissertations

Problem

The identification of mansiones in the archaeological record has proven difficult, if not impossible. One factor contributing to the problem has been focusing on typological and descriptive studies in order to identify the functional characteristics of mansiones. Another has been the lack of any explicit method and theory for interpreting the functional characteristics of the archaeological data related to mansiones. Both of these factors have been observed in the recent excavations at San Miceli.

Method

Due to the functional nature of mansiones, there is a need to reevaluate current paradigms for interpreting the archaeological data related to mansiones. One …

[Review Of The Book Expanding Approaches To Thematic Analysis: Creative Engagements With Qualitative Data By J. R. Wolgemuth, K. W. Guyotte, & S. A. Shelton (Eds.)], Nazmun Nahar Chaitee

Educational Leadership & Workforce Development Faculty Publications

In Expanding Approaches to Thematic Analysis, editors Jennifer R. Wolgemuth, Kelly W. Guyotte, and Stephanie Anne Shelton introduce an expansive, paradigm-shifting book that reimagines thematic analysis beyond conventional coding methods. This edited volume begins with two presumptions: (1) there are multiple methods of theming data, and (2) qualitative researchers are not necessarily required to code to achieve themes. Through the convergence of various qualitative researchers and early-career scholars, this edited collection pushes thematic analysis into new epistemological territories. The 18 chapters of the book reveal new techniques, such as meditative theming, poetic analysis, and making art, underpinned by theoretical …

Food Insecurity And Academic Self-Efficacy: Military Students And Student Veterans, Kim E. Bullington, Matthew J. Smith, William L. Nuckols, Dennis E. Gregory, Joshua L. Howell

Educational Leadership & Workforce Development Faculty Publications

Food insecurity (FI) affects households worldwide and is also seen on college and university campuses with adverse effects on student success. We examine FI and academic self-efficacy levels of military students and student veterans enrolled in higher education in the United States which has not been extensively studied regarding FI. Military students and student veterans may have access to G.I. Bill funds and may not be perceived as requiring additional assistance. The results reveal that military students and student veterans have some level of FI. The qualitative analysis yielded five themes that center on FI, economic vulnerability, inequities in the …

Heterospecific Coprophagy In The White-Tailed Deer Odocoileus Virginianus (Zimmermann, 1780) In Costa Rica, Mora Manuel Jose, Juan De Dios Astorga-Acuña

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Animals may engage in coprophagy, including heterospecific coprophagy, where they consume the feces of other species. The white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, primarily feeds on plant material, such as tender forbs and shrub shoots. This report documents a case of heterospecific coprophagy by the white-tailed deer in Costa Rica, where two individuals were observed consuming domestic horse feces. The reasons for heterospecific coprophagy in ruminants like the white-tailed deer are unclear. Nutritional supplementation, microbial transfer, or other ecological factors may play a role in this behavior. However, such a behavior also poses risks, including the transmission of diseases and parasites from …

Cost–Benefit Analysis, Matthew D. Adler

Faculty Scholarship

This chapter will address the place of cost–benefit analysis (CBA) in constitutional law, by way of a case study. I’ll describe, and puzzle over, CBA’s absence from most U.S. constitutional doctrines, notwithstanding its major role in U.S. administrative law. The general questions that I seek to illuminate are by no means limited to the U.S. How might CBA figure within the tests that constitutional courts use to adjudicate alleged violations of constitutional rights? How might it serve to determine the structure of constitutional institutions? Would it be justified for CBA to play these doctrinal roles? But these general questions are …

Reconstructing The Meaning Of "Forty Acres And A Mule", Cynthia Nicoletti

Faculty Scholarship

This article offers a new interpretation of the land grant to freedpeople contained in General William T. Sherman’s Special Field Orders No. 15. Issued in January 1865 at the end of the Civil War, Sherman’s Orders are widely considered to be the origin of the government promise to endow freedpeople with “forty acres and a mule” as they transitioned from slavery to freedom. As such, the Special Field Orders have played a central role in shaping the cultural memory of the Civil War, historical accounts of Reconstruction, and contemporary debates over reparations for slavery. They have also been misunderstood and …

Affording Oral Tradition Evidence Due Weight Before The International Court Of Justice, Terrence Neal

Faculty Scholarship

Oral traditions are irreplaceable sources of historical information, particularly with regard to Indigenous Peoples’ histories and cultures. However, when states have submitted oral traditions as evidence of historical practices, events, and circumstances in cases before the International Court of Justice (“Court”), the Court has been reluctant to afford them significant weight. This Article, which is the first detailed study on the Court’s treatment of oral traditions, examines whether the Court is failing to provide them due or appropriate weight. Based on historical, archaeological, and anthropological research, it establishes that oral traditions can be as reliable as written documents for reconstructing …

The Social Cost Of Plastic To The United States, Nancy Lauer, Tibor Vegh, Michelle Nowlin, John Virdin, Jason Somarelli

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Reliability Response To Patent Law’S Ai Challenges, Arti K. Rai

Faculty Scholarship

Pervasive AI use adds newfound importance to longstanding debates over patent timing and reliability. Patent claims on speculative ideas generated by AI, or even the infusion of speculative AI-generated ideas into the public domain, may defeat patent incentives for more careful research. Although challenges that AI use poses for patent validity requirements like human inventorship and nonobviousness have received more attention, reliability is equally important.

Indeed, as this Article argues, the issues are linked. If requirements for inventorship and nonobviousness were adjusted to emphasize reliability, a human role could be preserved, and AI use would not necessarily threaten patents. Currently, …

“Murder The Media”: Press Freedom, Violence, And The Public Sphere, Joseph Blocher

Faculty Scholarship

The first goal of this chapter is to argue that the press as an institution is entitled to special solicitude under the First Amendment, not only because it is textually specified in the Constitution or because it serves important roles such as checking public and private power, but because it can contribute to the marketplace of ideas in ways that a healthy democracy needs. In other words, the press as an institution can provide an important link between the First Amendment’s epistemic and democratic values. The chapter’s second goal is to provide a rough and preliminary sketch of the relationship …

A Critique Of Findings On Gun Ownership, Use, And Imagined Use From The 2021 National Firearms Survey: Response To William English, Deborah Azraek, Joseph Blocher, Philip J. Cook, David Hemenway, Matthew Miller

Faculty Scholarship

For a paper that has not yet been through peer review or even been formally published, William English’s “2021 National Firearms Survey” has been remarkably prominent in gun rights advocacy and scholarship. As of December 2024, it has been cited in roughly sixty-five briefs, invoked at oral argument in the Supreme Court and multiple courts of appeals, and regularly cited in public writings and published academic work.

This response is offered in the spirit of a peer review. Our focus is on methodological issues, questionable statistical results, and problematic conclusions. Because of serious methodological issues, English’s draft fails to provide …

Multi-Risk Governance Of Solar Radiation Modification, Jonathan B. Wiener, Tyler Felgenhauer, Mark E. Borsuk

Faculty Scholarship

Solar radiation modification (SRM) presents important challenges to risk regulation and governance, arising from the array of multiple risks that SRM may influence. SRM would not simply reverse climate change, but could pose further ancillary impacts, depending on the method of SRM, such as stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI), marine cloud brightening (MCB), or a space-based planetary sunshade system (PSS). We identify multiple risks that SRM may influence, both biophysical and sociopolitical, to be compared to the multiple risks that may be affected by greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation and climate adaptation. This multi-risk framework helps analysts and decision makers identify, evaluate, …

Copyrighting Style, Christopher Buccafusco

Faculty Scholarship

Does copyright law protect an artist’s style? The federal courts that have considered the question are equally split. They all agree, however, that the answer to the question resides in copyright law’s idea/expression distinction. According to this doctrine, ideas, techniques, and methods cannot be copyrighted, but expressions of ideas can be. The question courts have faced, then, is whether artistic style is an idea or a matter of expression. The answer, perhaps unfortunately, is that style is both.

This is unfortunate because, this Article argues, copyright law’s idea/expression distinction is inadequate to the task of determining the copyrightability of style. …