Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Arts and Humanities (654)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (549)
- History (380)
- Law (336)
- Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration (205)
-
- Political Science (148)
- Defense and Security Studies (132)
- Religion (127)
- Military History (123)
- Engineering (122)
- Peace and Conflict Studies (112)
- Sociology (106)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (99)
- International Relations (92)
- Education (83)
- International Law (83)
- United States History (67)
- Military, War, and Peace (63)
- International and Area Studies (62)
- Public Policy (62)
- Classics (54)
- Computer Sciences (54)
- Communication (50)
- Medieval Studies (49)
- Anthropology (48)
- National Security Law (48)
- Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity (46)
- Race, Ethnicity and Post-Colonial Studies (46)
- English Language and Literature (45)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (45)
- Institution
-
- University of South Florida (114)
- Liberty University (106)
- U.S. Naval War College (96)
- Brigham Young University (72)
- US Army War College (64)
-
- National Defense University (60)
- Ateneo de Manila University (59)
- Kennesaw State University (31)
- Air Force Institute of Technology (30)
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (29)
- Syracuse University (27)
- Universitas Indonesia (27)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (24)
- Portland State University (23)
- University of Central Florida (23)
- University of Texas at Arlington (23)
- Seton Hall University (21)
- University of Nebraska at Omaha (21)
- University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (18)
- Clemson University (17)
- Southwestern Oklahoma State University (17)
- University of Montana (17)
- Chulalongkorn University (16)
- Claremont Colleges (16)
- Old Dominion University (16)
- Wilfrid Laurier University (16)
- Walden University (15)
- Association of Arab Universities (14)
- Southern Methodist University (14)
- University of New Mexico (14)
- Keyword
-
- China (66)
- Russia (44)
- The U.S. Naval War College (44)
- Ukraine (36)
- History (32)
-
- CMSI (29)
- China Maritime Studies Institute (29)
- People’s Liberation Army (29)
- Military (28)
- PLAN (28)
- World War II (28)
- PRC (27)
- Cold War (23)
- Book Review (22)
- Cybersecurity (21)
- People’s Liberation Army Navy (21)
- United States (21)
- Strategy (19)
- Law of the Sea (17)
- Politics (17)
- Terrorism (17)
- War (17)
- Middle East (16)
- NATO (16)
- Spring 2024 (16)
- Technology (16)
- Artificial intelligence (15)
- Autumn 2023 (15)
- Climate change (15)
- Law of Armed Conflict (15)
- Publication
-
- Theses and Dissertations (86)
- Doctoral Dissertations and Projects (62)
- The Auk (60)
- Joint Force Quarterly (52)
- Naval War College Review (44)
-
- Kritika Kultura (43)
- The Thetean: A Student Journal for Scholarly Historical Writing (42)
- The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters (42)
- The Geographical Bulletin (21)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (20)
- Faculty Publications (18)
- International Law Studies (18)
- Masters Theses (18)
- Chronos (16)
- Dissertations (16)
- Faculty Scholarship (16)
- Budhi: A Journal of Ideas and Culture (15)
- Honors Theses (15)
- Journal of Strategic Security (15)
- Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies (15)
- Canadian Military History (14)
- Dialogue: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Popular Culture and Pedagogy (14)
- Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects (14)
- North Texas Archeological Society Records (14)
- Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD) (13)
- Journal of System Simulation (13)
- Master's Theses (13)
- Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews (12)
- CMSI Notes (11)
- New England Journal of Public Policy (11)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 451 - 480 of 2139
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
A Marketplace (Failure) Of Ideas: Foreign Disinformation Campaigns In An Age Of Generative A.I. And A Proportionality Approach To Falsehoods, Michael K. Park
A Marketplace (Failure) Of Ideas: Foreign Disinformation Campaigns In An Age Of Generative A.I. And A Proportionality Approach To Falsehoods, Michael K. Park
North Carolina Journal of Law & Technology
No abstract provided.
Csbs Kudos, Fall 2024, University Of Northern Iowa. College Of Social And Behavioral Sciences.
Csbs Kudos, Fall 2024, University Of Northern Iowa. College Of Social And Behavioral Sciences.
CSBS Kudos
Contents:
--- Faculty Accolades
--- Retirements: Robert Neymeyer
--- CSBS and School of Health & Human Sciences sponsors talk by renowned biologist and writer Sandra Steingraber
--- System of Support Conference
--- Phi Alpha Theta / History Club Lecture Series
--- Women in Politics
--- Panthers Vote
--- In Memoriam: Nancy Hamilton
--- Greg Bruess featured in Northern Iowan's "Panther’s guide to studying abroad in Greece"
--- Family, Aging & Counseling's Cedar Valley Men's Shed featured in WCF Courier
--- Dementia Simulation House featured in KWWL's " Experiencing Dementia: Local Simulation Building Understanding"
--- Psychology's Carolyn Hildebrandt discusses "the psychology …
Fall 2024 Catalog, Lsu Press
Corporate Civil Disobedience, Susanna K. Ripken
Corporate Civil Disobedience, Susanna K. Ripken
Indiana Law Journal
Classic theories of civil disobedience endorse the right of individuals to commit illegal acts to protest unjust laws and policies. Acts of civil disobedience have historically played a central role in exposing injustice and producing vital legal and social change. The literature on civil disobedience is vast; political and legal theorists have long recognized the contributions of individual legal resisters in the ongoing pursuit of a just society. Little attention has been given, however, to intentional lawbreaking by organizational entities that seek to protest unjust, illegitimate, or discriminatory laws. This Article addresses that gap by exploring the prospect of corporate …
Green Defense: Evaluating Potentials And Limitations In Transitioning Military Vehicles To Clean Energy, Aurora M. V. Bellingeri, Danielle M. Drumm, Zoe S. Koutsokostas
Green Defense: Evaluating Potentials And Limitations In Transitioning Military Vehicles To Clean Energy, Aurora M. V. Bellingeri, Danielle M. Drumm, Zoe S. Koutsokostas
Student Publications
Army operations rely on fuel-intensive vehicles and aircraft, which contribute substantially to global emissions and the looming threat of global warming. This study evaluates the potential of transitioning five key U.S. Army vehicles, the M1301 ISV, HMMWV M1165, JLTV M1280, LMTV M1078, and M3A3 Bradley, from traditional diesel and JP8 powertrains to electric vehicle (EV) and hydrogen fuel cell vehicle (FCV) technologies. Vehicle specifications including engine power, fuel efficiency, weight, and payload were gathered for each vehicle and compared. Efficiency was estimated for EV and FCV powertrains using linear regressions with data from the AFLEET Online tool, which provided national …
“Christ For The World We Sing”: What Twentieth-Century Churches Of Christ Sang About Missions, Monty L. Lynn, Derran Reese, Kelly Cross Elliott, D. J. Bulls
“Christ For The World We Sing”: What Twentieth-Century Churches Of Christ Sang About Missions, Monty L. Lynn, Derran Reese, Kelly Cross Elliott, D. J. Bulls
Management Sciences
What twentieth-century members of acapella Churches of Christ sang to one another about missions informed, reinforced, and reflected congregational perspectives and practices. Fifty-four missions hymns from hymnals used within Churches of Christ suggest thirty-nine themes that encourage urgent and empathetic responses to spiritual distress, near and far. Hymns resonate with the trajectories of missions among Churches of Christ and provide insight into the ethos of congregations.
Infinite Queerness And American Settler Colonialism, Jeremiah A. Ho
Infinite Queerness And American Settler Colonialism, Jeremiah A. Ho
William & Mary Journal of Race, Gender, and Social Justice
What the LGBTQ rights movement needs, especially with regard to legal challenges, is a lasting philosophical shift toward the idea that justice and equality are an infinite game rather than a finite and pragmatic one. This work here will explore why this posture is favorable at this moment—and generally in civil rights work. Beyond connecting queer sacrifice in recent Supreme Court cases to the functioning and maintenance of the American settler colonial project, this Article will posit why a strategy shift toward infinite thinking is increasingly necessary for more resolute work that results in the autonomy and equality of LGBTQ …
Client Confidentiality As Data Security, Jonah Perlin
Client Confidentiality As Data Security, Jonah Perlin
Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works
The duty of confidentiality has been a cornerstone of the attorney-client relationship for more than four centuries. Historically, this duty was not difficult to discharge. All a lawyer had to do to comply was not affirmatively share client information in public without consent. But that has all changed. The same technologies that provide unprecedented benefits of authorized access by lawyers and their clients create unprecedented risks of unauthorized access by others. As a result, although the duty of confidentiality was once synonymous with a duty to keep client confidences secret, today the duty necessitates that lawyers keep client confidences secure …
Book Review: Mission In Praise, Word, And Deed: Reflections On The Past And Future Of Global Mission Edited By Edward L. Smither And Jessica A. Udall, Nathaniel (Than) Veltman
Book Review: Mission In Praise, Word, And Deed: Reflections On The Past And Future Of Global Mission Edited By Edward L. Smither And Jessica A. Udall, Nathaniel (Than) Veltman
Great Commission Research Journal
No abstract provided.
Clark Magazine, Fall 2024, Clark University
Clark Magazine, Fall 2024, Clark University
Clark Magazine
The Fall 2024 edition of Clark Magazine. Clark Magazine is a twice-yearly publication primarily geared towards Clark University Alumni.
The cover story is 'Does the World Need Poets? Yes, historians and philosophers, too. But as the humanities evolve in the digital age, Clark is finding new ways to think, and research, and create'.
The Intersection Of Place And Game Design: The Case Of Two Classic African Board Games, Rebecca Y. Bayeck, Joseph M. Bayeck
The Intersection Of Place And Game Design: The Case Of Two Classic African Board Games, Rebecca Y. Bayeck, Joseph M. Bayeck
Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences Faculty Publications
The concept of game design is often associated with a computational creative task or a creation with technology. Automatically linking game design to computational activity or technology may have contributed to the scarce research on the interaction between place and game design. The focus on technology may have excluded indigenous games from game design conversation in the game design literature. This article explores design in the context of two classic African board games. We examine the influence of place on the design of these games. Building on game design and place literature, the article shows the situatedness of game design …
Understanding Russian Hybrid Warfare Against Europe In The Energy Sector And In The Future ‘Energy-Resources-Climate’ Security Nexus., Maurizio Geri
Understanding Russian Hybrid Warfare Against Europe In The Energy Sector And In The Future ‘Energy-Resources-Climate’ Security Nexus., Maurizio Geri
Journal of Strategic Security
To avoid escalations to full kinetic (military) wars is imperative to win the non-kinetic part of the so-called “hybrid warfare”, which use both kinetic and non-kinetic methods. The goal of the non-kinetic methods of hybrid warfare, or as others call it “grey zone” activities, or “subthreshold” tactics, is to defeat hearts and minds, as well as pockets, of adversaries, with social, political, and economic tools. This article focuses on energy as the crucial sector of the economic tools, and specifically uses an innovative approach, what the author calls the ‘energy-resources-climate security nexus’, as a new battleground for future strategic competition …
The War Came To Us: Life And Death In Ukraine. By Christopher Miller. London: Bloomsbury Continuum, 2023., Amos C. Fox Ph.D.
The War Came To Us: Life And Death In Ukraine. By Christopher Miller. London: Bloomsbury Continuum, 2023., Amos C. Fox Ph.D.
Journal of Strategic Security
No abstract provided.
Socially-Engaged Buddhism In Vietnam: Theory, History, And Their Impacts On Contemporary Practices, Whitney Miller
Socially-Engaged Buddhism In Vietnam: Theory, History, And Their Impacts On Contemporary Practices, Whitney Miller
Vietnam: Culture, Social Change, and Development
In 1963, Thích Quảng Đức, and subsequently several other Buddhist monks, self- immolated in protest as part of the Buddhist Crisis, a momentous, strong social movement against the American War and South Vietnam’s harsh anti-Buddhist policies. A few short years later, world-renowned Vietnamese Buddhist teacher and peace activist Thích Nhất Hạnh coined the term “engaged Buddhism” to describe his innovative school of thought that argues intentional, nonviolent conflict resolution and active work against injustice, both in Vietnam and abroad, ought to be as central to Buddhist practice as traditional mindfulness and teachings. While there is notable existing research on the …
Feasibility Of Creating A Non-Profit And Nongovernmental Organization Cybersecurity Incident Dataset Repository Using Osint, Stanley Mierzwa, Iassen Christov
Feasibility Of Creating A Non-Profit And Nongovernmental Organization Cybersecurity Incident Dataset Repository Using Osint, Stanley Mierzwa, Iassen Christov
Center for Cybersecurity
Organizations of all types are prone to cybersecurity and information security attacks. Non-Profit Organizations (NPOs) and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) are not exempt from using information technology solutions and, thus, have been the recipient victims of cyber attackers. There exist many areas and venues where data are collected to report back annually on the status and numbers of cybersecurity attacks against many sectors of our society. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) catalogs sixteen critical sectors that are considered vital to the United States. However, finding where the NPO and NGO community should reside with …
Standing For Change: Associational Standing As An Aggregational Mechanism In Tenants' Rights, Hope Peraria
Standing For Change: Associational Standing As An Aggregational Mechanism In Tenants' Rights, Hope Peraria
Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice
The note argues that tenant associations can serve as an effective vehicle for aggregate lawsuits to vindicate tenants' rights, addressing the persistent enforcement gap in housing rights. By leveraging associational standing, these associations can advocate for shared interests, facilitate community organizing, and complement legal reforms. This approach not only strengthens tenants' collective power but also offers practical solutions to systemic barriers that prevent individuals from asserting their rights.
The Israel-Hamas Conflict: International Law, Accountability, And Challenges In Modern Warfare, Mara R. Revkin
The Israel-Hamas Conflict: International Law, Accountability, And Challenges In Modern Warfare, Mara R. Revkin
Judicature International
No abstract provided.
Case Global: Faculty And Students Making A Global Impact In Extraordinary Times, Case Western Reserve University School Of Law, The Frederick K. Cox International Law Center
Case Global: Faculty And Students Making A Global Impact In Extraordinary Times, Case Western Reserve University School Of Law, The Frederick K. Cox International Law Center
Case Global Newsletter
Vol. 16, No. 1 (2024)
- CWRU International Law student leader selected as National Jurist Law Student of the Year
- CWRU Among the Best
- Three Decades of Global Impact
- Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law Tackles Global Climate Change
- The only Law School with a Foreign Policy Radio Program
- International Law Moot Court Powerhouse
- Celebrating the 75th Anniversary of the Universal Declaration and CWRU’s historic contributions to human rights
- CWRU law students develop Holocaust Memorial curriculum
- Yemen Accountability Project publishes fifth White Paper
- Financial Integrity Institute Expands
- Immigration Law program marks an extraordinary year
- International internships
- Capstone Placements take Students …
China’S Forever War: What If A Taiwan Invasion Fails?, Joel Wuthnow
China’S Forever War: What If A Taiwan Invasion Fails?, Joel Wuthnow
Strategic Forums
This Strategic Forum by Dr. Joel Wuthnow, in the INSS Center for the Study of Chinese Military Affairs, examines the strategic consequences of a failed People’s Republic of China (PRC) attempt to invade Taiwan. Rather than assuming defeat would restore deterrence or compel Beijing to abandon its objectives, the article argues that a failed invasion could lock China into a prolonged, coercive conflict—a “forever war”—marked by sustained military pressure, economic coercion, gray-zone operations, and heightened escalation risks. Drawing on Chinese strategic culture, leadership risk tolerance, and civil-military dynamics, the analysis explores how Beijing might adapt politically and militarily following failure, …
A Systems Theory-Based Framework For Uncertainty In Complex System Governance, Teresa Anne Crater
A Systems Theory-Based Framework For Uncertainty In Complex System Governance, Teresa Anne Crater
Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Complex systems are all around. A complex system is a system whose collective behavior is more than the behavior exhibited by the individual parts. Such a system is characterized by an exponential increase in information, complexity, ambiguity, emergence, and high levels of uncertainty (Jaradat, 2015). Uncertainty is intrinsic to complex systems. Uncertainty refers to epistemic situations involving imperfect or unknown information. Uncertainty can refer to the chance of certain anticipated outcomes occurring, or it can refer to the unknown events that are not foreseeable as to when or if one might occur. It applies to predictions of future events, to …
The Digital Battlefield: Extremists On Social Media, Daniel P. Shanks
The Digital Battlefield: Extremists On Social Media, Daniel P. Shanks
Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations
The rise of social media has transformed the battleground for extremist groups like ISIS and the Taliban, enabling them to reach global audiences with unprecedented ease. This dissertation investigates the social media strategies employed by the Taliban and ISIS. These social media strategies are used to further their strategic objectives in propaganda, recruitment, and operational coordination. Through a comprehensive analysis, the study explores how these extremist groups adapt their digital tactics in response to evolving military and political landscapes. Utilizing case studies from key military engagements and applying theoretical frameworks of rational actor theory, social identity theory, and finite and …
Stalemate At Port Arthur: William James On War, Vulnerability, And Pluralist Personalism, Bennett Gilbert
Stalemate At Port Arthur: William James On War, Vulnerability, And Pluralist Personalism, Bennett Gilbert
History Faculty Publications and Presentations
Using a close reading of a single clause and its context in a section in A Pluralist Universe, we see the moral dangers James saw in traditional ontology, in particular its relation to war and peace. This analysis opens up James’s combining the personalist philosophy of his friend Borden Bowne (and others) with the pluralism he developed late in his career. This leads, further, to reflection of James’s performative philosophizing. Finding in James a theory of “pluralistic personalism” gives us a fresh look at the far-reaching power of his basic concepts of moral philosophy.
Choosing To Bear Arms: Resistance And Identity Formation Through Louisiana’S Free Afro Creole Militia, Victoria Mcfarlane
Choosing To Bear Arms: Resistance And Identity Formation Through Louisiana’S Free Afro Creole Militia, Victoria Mcfarlane
History Theses & Dissertations
This thesis examines how African and Afro Creole men utilized the availability of and demand for forced and voluntary militia service under French, Spanish, and American governance as a mode of resistance to discrimination and repression within the social structures of the region. The influence and connections built through militia service were engaged to protect and preserve rights, customs, and opportunities for the Afro Creole community. From the establishment of the Louisiana colony until the Civil War, African and Afro Creole men utilized the service required in defense of their new home to gain freedoms, expand their personal and community …
Inspecting The Foundations Of Natural Law Ethics And Politics: Looking For Cracks, Detecting Gaps, And Considering The Edifice That Can Be Built Thereon, Adam D. Bailey
Theses and Dissertations
In this dissertation I inspect the foundations of natural law ethics and politics. The inspection involves looking for cracks, detecting gaps, and considering the edifice that can be built thereon. To do so, I critically examine several of the many concepts and principles that are constitutive of those foundations. Some of my examination is done by means of direct consideration of such concepts and principles. And some of it is done by addressing such concepts and principles indirectly as I address questions about practical ethical or political concerns including: how can public officials make decisions that are not biased, what …
Enhancing Two Units Of 8th Grade U.S. History Curriculum To Support The Development Of Experienced Multilinguals’ Usage Of Oral And Written Academic Language, Olivia Nicholson
Enhancing Two Units Of 8th Grade U.S. History Curriculum To Support The Development Of Experienced Multilinguals’ Usage Of Oral And Written Academic Language, Olivia Nicholson
School of Education and Leadership Student Capstone Projects
Inspired by a group of middle school experienced multilinguals (EMs), this capstone project sought to take an asset-based approach to redesigning two units of U.S. history curriculum so that the strong oral language skills of these students could be used as an educational tool for practicing academic language in speaking and writing. To complete this project, the researcher first studied the importance of using asset-based language and referring to this group of students as experienced multilinguals in lieu of long-term English learners. The researcher also examined theoretical frameworks such as Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory and Bakhtin’s theory of dialogism that support …
Practicing Strategy And Performance Preparation Of György Ligeti’S Musica Ricercata., Xiyao Wang
Practicing Strategy And Performance Preparation Of György Ligeti’S Musica Ricercata., Xiyao Wang
Theses and Dissertations
ABSTRACT Hungarian composer György Ligeti (1923–2006) is renowned as one of the most significant composers of the twentieth century. Musicians around the world have admired his innovative musical language. “Through the 1950s and 1960s, he went from composing in the style of his countryman Béla Bartók to working at the cutting edge of the Western European avant-garde.” His folk elements and avant-garde compositional techniques expanded through various genres, including orchestral, chamber, and keyboard compositions. This study's primary purpose is to explore Ligeti's piano work Musica Ricercata and ultimately provide a resource to other musicians that will assist in preparing and …
Thermal Management Of Power Electronic Devices Using Single Crystal Aln Heat Spreaders, Md Abdullah-Al Mamun
Thermal Management Of Power Electronic Devices Using Single Crystal Aln Heat Spreaders, Md Abdullah-Al Mamun
Theses and Dissertations
Due to high critical electric field and saturation velocity, wide bandgap (WBG) III-Nitride semiconductor materials (AlxGa1-xN) and their heterostructures have gone through extensive research in academia and industry for applications requiring high-voltage, high-current, high-frequency, and high-temperature transistor operation. AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) has been commercialized for 650-V power converters, smartphones, PCs, USB wall power outlets, on-board and off-board EV chargers, and numerous other applications. However, AlGaN/GaN HEMTs grown on low-cost sapphire or Si substrates face significant self-heating issues due to the poor thermal conductivity of the substrate. The high thermal resistance (RTH) and heat capacity of the substrates …
From Colonial Frontier To A Slave Society: "Second Slavery" And The Former Backcountry Of South Carolina In The Early Republic, 1780-1833, Elisabeth Zoe Horecny
From Colonial Frontier To A Slave Society: "Second Slavery" And The Former Backcountry Of South Carolina In The Early Republic, 1780-1833, Elisabeth Zoe Horecny
Theses and Dissertations
Although the South Carolina backcountry was labeled pre-modern by contemporaries and, later, by some historians, it was the model of a modern, “second slavery” in the Atlantic World as evidenced by cultural, economic, and political changes there to accommodate and promote the expansion of slavery. The former backcountry was exemplarily of “second slavery” because the region modernized to create a slave society, instead of modifying the existing colonial system of mass enslavement in the region. Enslaved people responded to these changes in the former backcountry by spreading their oral traditions in healing and religion, maintaining African traditions, and creating communities …
Triumphant Philanthropists: Inventing An American Tradition In Milwaukee, Wisconsin, And The Nation, 1844-1930, Margaret Nettesheim-Hoffmann
Triumphant Philanthropists: Inventing An American Tradition In Milwaukee, Wisconsin, And The Nation, 1844-1930, Margaret Nettesheim-Hoffmann
Dissertations (1934 -)
This dissertation explores the development of American philanthropic foundations and the invention of philanthropic traditions, forms, and conventions in the United States during the Gilded Age and Progressive Era. The rapid accumulation of wealth during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries posed a series of complex economic, social, and political tensions for the nation following the end of the Civil War, and the invention of the philanthropic foundation by leading businessmen sought to solve those tensions through the planned and systemized redistribution of wealth. This exploration of philanthropy’s history suggests that American capitalists invented a “new” philanthropic tradition in …
The Promise And Perils Of Smart (City) Bots As Educational Tools, Thomas Menkhoff, Siew Ning Kan, Shaohui Foong
The Promise And Perils Of Smart (City) Bots As Educational Tools, Thomas Menkhoff, Siew Ning Kan, Shaohui Foong
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Written from an educator’s perspective, the paper aims to examine the increasing use of chatbot technology capable of answering user queries in various fields such as commerce, public service delivery, urban areas, higher education etc. by simulating human conversation through text messages or voice commands. We analyse why smart bots have become popular technologies in the context smart cities; shed light on different types of bots (chatbots, large language models such as ChatGPT, flying bots); and explain how we use bots as teaching tool in an introductory AI for business course. A key argument putting forward is that smart bots …