Digital Commons Network^™

Baseball: A Vehicle For Exchange Between Two Complicated Global Powers, Cole W. Tully

Honors Theses

Baseball, America’s “national pastime,” has a similarly prominent role in Japanese culture and the nation’s history. Since the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, baseball at professional, collegiate, high school, and youth levels has become increasingly prominent within each nation. As baseball became increasingly central to each nation's social and cultural identities, it also began to play a critical role in furthering the nations’ bilateral relationship.

The paper explores various periods where baseball has influenced diplomatic relations, especially “soft diplomacy” and cultural exchange between each nation’s citizens. This includes baseball’s institutionalization into Japan’s education systems during the Meiji Restoration, as …

Responding To Hurricane Maria: The Role Of Mutual Aid Societies In Withstanding Federal Failures, Caitlin Bracken

Honors Theses

Through a combination of research and interviews, this paper unpacks the policies that expose colonialist realities and how Puerto Rican mutual aid societies engaged with those policies in the aftermath of Hurricane Maria. Policies and decisions such as cabotage law under the Jones Act; the quality of Puerto Rican bonds being triple-tax exempt; the inability to refinance or default on debt; the Insular Cases and other Supreme Court cases; and PROMESA, have established a colonial relationship with significant material and political consequences for Puerto Rico. These consequences were brought to light after Hurricane Maria, where the U.S.’s inadequate response resulted …

Odiar Es Proteger: La Respuesta Inevitable Al Origen De Una Pandemia, Haowen Huang

Honors Theses

Esta tesis analiza la causa del odio hacia los asiáticos durante la pandemia de COVID-19, enfocándose específicamente en los casos que tuvieron lugar en España. La prevalencia de discriminación dirigida al origen de una pandemia identificado por la narrativa del brote es cultivada por la persistencia de estereotipos. En el caso de COVID-19, la xenofobia hacia los asiáticos fue el resultado de una construcción histórica que ha estigmatizado su identidad persistentemente, la repetición de la cual es definida en esta tesis como racismo pandémico. La imagen de los asiáticos enfermos fue establecida injustificadamente por la medicina occidental en el siglo …

Where We Are: The Datafication Of Location, Conor Mcgarrigle

Conference Papers

This contribution seeks to examine the centrality of location and the activity of walking as everyday practices essential to extractive digital capitalism. The argument is that location – physical presence - is the glue that binds together data into individualised profiles adding contextual value to the myriad data points captured in the accelerating data colonisation of everyday life. Location in this sense is an everyday attribute (or technology), the capture and datafication of which, has become a byproduct of basic participation in contemporary life. Location and urban movement are well theorised in urban and artistic practice, from Baudelaire's flaneur, the …

Notes On A Centrifugal Chiller: Listening And Breathing The Boundaries Of Circulatory Architecture, Chrystine Rayburn

Theses and Dissertations

"Notes on a Chiller" unfolds as a series of site responsive and performative exercises that activate, modulate, and translate the immense voice of Virginia Commonwealth University’s Siegel Center water-cooled chiller, a climate control system that regulates the atmosphere of the university’s sports arena. Using individual and collective listening and sound-making practices to harness the building’s noisy system, the piece culminates in a multi-channel, audio-visual installation and performance that explores the multi-sensory exchange and entanglement of listening, breathing, and moving with a building’s circulatory system.

Louise De Marillac: Ingenuity, Mission, And Mystique, Betty Ann Mcneil D.C.

Vincentian Studies

Betty Ann McNeil profiles Louise de Marillac as “a prototype social worker whose social service interventions highlight how twenty-first-century social issues echo those of the seventeenth century.” In response to the political, religious, and social upheaval in seventeenth-century France, she and Vincent de Paul founded the Confraternities of Charity and the Daughters of Charity. These groups made innovative use of women’s leadership and organizational skills to provide the poor with quality care. McNeil explains how Louise’s “approach to serving people in need remains relevant for social work practitioners today.”

The Success Of Pre-Enforcement Challenges To Antidiscrimination Laws, Alexander Gouzoules

Faculty Publications

Formally, judicial analysis of a challenged statute's validity should be consistent, regardless of the challenge's pre- or post-enforcement posture. A post-enforcement posture arises when an aggrieved party defensively challenges a purportedly unconstitutional statute being enforced against them. Alternatively, a pre-enforcement posture arises when an impacted party strikes first, attacking the statute by asserting a credible threat that the law will be enforced against them in the future. Either way, judicial evaluation of a statute's validity should turn on its content and effect-not on whether it was challenged before or after enforcement.

This Article challenges that assumption, arguing that pre-enforcement challengers …

The Hip Ontology: A Formal Framework To Support Disaster Risk Reduction And Management, Shirly Stephen, Mark Schildhauer, Krzysztof Janowicz, Kitty Currier, Pascal Hitzler, Cogan Shimizu, Colby K. Fisher, Dean Rehberger

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

Open data initiatives and knowledge graphs, in synergy, have contributed to an increasing volume of disaster-related data in the Semantic Web. Synthesizing and enriching these data is critical to support all aspects of data-driven disaster risk reduction and management. A standard template that coherently defines, maps, and classifies the wide range of hazards to which communities are exposed is a key input for this task. The UNDRR-ISC Hazard Information Profiles (HIPs) provide evidence-informed standardization of hazard nomenclature and definitions and a “science-backed” classification. Unfortunately, they are not in a machine-readable format. This paper develops the HIP Ontology as its FAIR …

The Marijuana Insurgency: Federalism And Social Reframing In Policy Reform, Matthew P. Cavedon

Seattle University Law Review

After fifty years of federal prohibition, marijuana reform efforts have won political and legal success. These victories hold lessons for anyone seeking to resist federal law without being able to directly affect it.

Victory can come from reframing an issue. For marijuana reform, social reframing—not formal legal analysis or material factors—provides the best explanation for how advocates achieved change. Their unconventional political tactics, akin to those used by insurgents in wartime, undercut federal prohibition by winning hearts and minds.

This is an analysis of the sociology of legal change. It is also the story of how ordinary Americans retook personal …

Repairing The Family Law Attorney, Daniel F. Bousquet

Lewis & Clark Law Review

Professor Clare Huntington’s scholarship advances a theoretical “Reparative Model” of family law that seeks to deemphasize adversarial decision-making and decrease litigation. Building off that scholarship, this Article considers the family law attorney’s role and argues that the current Model Rules of Professional Conduct already support—and should be understood to require—a “reparative” advisory role for the family law attorney. Put simply, the harsh realities of the adversarial court system demand that family law attorneys presumptively provide information on litigation’s harmful impacts on families and children and encourage the possibility of pursuing goals via means less detrimental than litigation. To encourage a …

International Cultural Property Protection And Law: Ukraine And Beyond, Susanna Helms

Undergraduate Honors Theses

This project examines the ongoing destruction and theft of Ukrainian cultural heritage by Russian forces since February 2022 in tandem with international cultural property law, and theory, and case studies. By studying relevant cultural property laws and gathering information from associated theories of cultural property nationalism and internationalism, this project examines how these laws and theories apply to modern Ukraine. This thesis utilizes a qualitative approach to analyze theories surrounding cultural property and heritage and explores how these theories influence international law. For a more comprehensive approach, three case studies are used and examined via qualitative historical analysis: Nazi art …

The Civil War On The Water: Favorite Stories And Fresh Perspectives From The Historians At Emerging Civil War, Stacy Allen

Civil War Book Review

The Civil War on the Water continues the celebration of Emerging Civil War’s 10th anniversary with a compilation of favorite navy tales and obscure narratives by the group’s distinguished public historians. This eclectic collection of more than three dozen essays offers fresh accounts on unfamiliar topics as well as second looks at familiar battles, ships, leaders, and events. There is something here for everyone, neophyte and veteran reader alike.

Civil War Lagniappe, Kennon H. Keiser Jr.

Civil War Book Review

The American Civil War era is a rich tapestry of stories and individuals. Moments of inhumanity and human kindness abound. The Civil War Book Review has the great pleasure of presenting this complex tapestry to our readers for our summer 2024 issue. From borderland guerrillas, naval warfare, historical memory, and the search for equality, historians have no shortage of stories to investigate and contextualize. Each of the manuscripts reviewed in this publication takes us through various moments throughout this period, and some even take us to the period long before secession, as the African slave trade knit together the Atlantic …

The Governor’S Pawns: Hostages And Hostage-Taking In Civil War West Virginia, Riley Sullivan

Civil War Book Review

Throughout the American Civil War, both Union and Confederate forces engaged in guerrilla warfare throughout the border states. With the emergence of this activity, non-combatants often found themselves as the principal targets; particularly in regard to hostage-taking. Both sides engaged in this practice for a variety of reasons, however, for the newly formed state of West Virginia, the taking of hostages became crucial for the survival of the state. In The Governor’s Pawn, Randall S. Gooden—native of West Virginia and professor of history at Clayton State University—illustrates the unique hostage policy adopted by West Virginia and how it proved …

War, Politics, & Change, Kennon H. Keiser Jr.

Civil War Book Review

Historians have long documented the ways in which war and politics bring about social, economic, and cultural change. Nowhere is this more evident than during the American Civil War and Reconstruction. The war devastated the South; it upended the system of chattel slavery and instigated remarkable transformations to the region’s demographics, political, and economic structures. Reconstruction emerged out of the ashes of war. This critical and hotly debated period redefined U.S. citizenship, expanded suffrage rights, and altered the relationship between the federal government and the states. Many of the lofty goals of Reconstruction, however, fell short as southern “Redeemers” regained …

Sand, Science, And The Civil War: Sedimentary Geology And Combat, Erin Stewart Mauldin

Civil War Book Review

Scott Hippensteel’s Sand, Science, and the Civil War fills

a critical gap in several different literatures on America’s Civil War. Across 20 brief chapters, Hippensteel demonstrates how sedimentary geology affected military operations on a range of scales, from the continental creation of mountains that acted as offensive obstacles to the weathering of sand into an effective force multiplier for coastal fortifications. Hippensteel is not a historian by training—he is an associate professor of earth sciences—and perhaps for that reason, Sand, Science, and the Civil War does not follow the expected structure or chronology of a typical history monograph. Nevertheless, Hippensteel’s …

Environmental History In Focus, Kennon H. Keiser Jr.

Civil War Book Review

The book reviews in this winter 2024 issue of the Civil War Book Review emphasize the role of the environment during the Civil War Era. While our two feature essays take us out of the realm of environmental history and into the world of politics, the primary focus of this winter issue is the role of nature in history. In recent years, historians have added to our knowledge of the environment’s role in the past. Nowhere is this more clear than in the Civil War Era. As historian Stephen Berry explained, “Like the Columbian Exchange, the Civil War was a …

The Key To The Shenandoah Valley: Geography And The Civil War Struggle For Winchester, Johnathan M. Ward

Civil War Book Review

The Key to the Shenandoah Valley offers a substantial military study of the topographical and environmental features surrounding the town of Winchester, Virginia during the Civil War. Edward McCaul focuses on six specific battles for control over the town of Winchester, but he examines these military struggles in a much larger context to indicate how the geography of the Valley was crucial to Civil War strategy. In so doing, he effectively combines environmental history, military history, and political history to reveal the importance of Winchester and its terrain.

Ukraine, Moral Outrage, And International Law, Heidi Gilchrist

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Embodied Ecologies And Legal Wars: The Use Of Force, Ukraine, And Feminist Perspectives On International Law, Gina Heathcote

Saint Louis University Law Journal

In this article, I examine the international law on the use of force alongside a feminist analysis of the ongoing Russian aggression in Ukraine. I draw on records of mushroom foraging to evidence how everyday practices of communities are destroyed by military aggression that disrupts the embodied ecologies reproduced in intergenerational human and nonhuman encounters. The mushrooms foraged in Ukraine, the mushrooms destroyed during military encounters, and the mushrooms growing beside land mines provide an aperture for shifting both feminist and international legal accounts of armed conflict. I argue that ecologies of harm produce means to understand the gendered violence …

Foreword, Afonso Seixas-Nunes S.J.

Saint Louis University Law Journal

On February 24, 2022, the Russian Federation invaded Ukraine. After more than two years, this conflict has caused an uncountable number of victims and more than six million Ukrainian refugees are spread around the world begging for protection and safe harbour. This ongoing conflict and the increasing level of force, the questionable nature of means and methods of warfare used begs the question whether international institutions in general, and International Law in particular, are still effective means “to maintain international peace and security, and to that end: to take effective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to …

War Crimes As Vocabulary Shaping The Visible, Rebecca Mignot-Mahdavi

Saint Louis University Law Journal

The traditional exclusion of sexual violence and rape from the ambit of international humanitarian law stems from the long-established masculinist perception of war and the exacerbated invisibility of women and girls in that context. International criminal law tried to recognize this traditionally invisible suffering and pain in armed conflicts by characterizing rape and sexual violence as war crimes. This contribution explores the effect of the recognition of rape and sexual violence as war crimes on conflicts and societies as a case study to explore the use of war crimes and international criminal law—rather than International Humanitarian Law (“IHL”) norms—as a …

Selective Democracy: The Exclusion Of Foreigners In Ancient Athens In The 5th Century Bce, Alyssa Flores

Research Days Posters 2024

In the 5th century BCE, there was an influx of foreigners coming into Athens. While foreigners were welcomed to the polis, they were excluded in Athenian society. This paper will analyze the treatment of foreigners by the Athenians, as well as the differences in treatment between males and females. It will be focusing on Athenian law and the prejudice that foreigners have faced, with a special emphasis on women. With this emphasis, new hypotheses and conclusions can be made as to where modern feminist attitudes originated from and how they have persisted across time. Also, these interpretations will be drawn …

การเมืองของขบวนการนักศึกษาเวียดนามใต้ : ชาตินิยมอันหลากหลายในยุคสงครามเย็น, มรกตวงศ์ ภูมิพลับ

Journal of Social Sciences

งานวิจัยนี้มีจุดมุ่งหมายเพื่อศึกษาการเมืองของขบวนการนักศึกษาในเวียดนามใต้ในยุคสงครามเย็น และชาตินิยมที่ซับซ้อนและลื่นไหลจากการเคลื่อนไหวทางการเมืองและสังคมของนักศึกษา งานวิจัยนี้ประกอบไปด้วย 3 ประเด็นหลักคือ พัฒนาการขบวนการนักศึกษาในเวียดนามใต้ การปลูกฝังและการจัดการศึกษาของรัฐบาลเวียดนามใต้กับความช่วยเหลือของสหรัฐอเมริกา ตลอดจนความหลากหลายของกลุ่มขบวนการนักศึกษาที่มีผูกโยงกับความเปลี่ยนแปลงทางการเมืองและสังคมนับตั้งแต่สาธารณรัฐเวียดนามถือกำเนิดขึ้น งานวิจัยนี้ใช้วิธีวิทยาทางประวัติศาสตร์โดยใช้หลักฐานชั้นต้นและชั้นรองจากฝั่งเวียดนามและอเมริกาได้แก่ หนังสือพิมพ์ วารสาร บทกวี บทเพลงและข้อเขียนของนักศึกษาเวียดนามใต้ ในส่วนที่เป็นหลักฐานฝั่งอเมริกา ได้แก่ หนังสือพิมพ์และจดหมายที่บันทึกการตอบโต้ระหว่างนักศึกษาเวียดนามใต้และกลุ่มนักศึกษาในสหรัฐอเมริกา ผลการศึกษาพบว่าการเคลื่อนไหวของขบวนการนักศึกษาแบ่งออกเป็น 2 ช่วง ได้แก่ ยุคสาธารณรัฐที่ 1 ภายใต้รัฐบาลโงดิ่งห์เสี่ยมและสาธารณรัฐที่ 2 ภายใต้เหงวียนวันเถี่ยว การเคลื่อนไหวของขบวนการนักศึกษามีความหลากหลายและซับซ้อนซึ่งไม่ได้เป็นไปเพื่อการต่อสู้เพื่ออุดมการณ์ทางการเมืองเป็นหลักขึ้นอยู่กับบริบทของระดับปัญหาทางการเมืองภายในที่เวียดนามใต้อยู่ในสภาวะความโกลาหลทางการเมืองรวมทั้งสภาวะสงครามที่เพิ่มความรุนแรงมากขึ้นเรื่อย ๆ ปัจจัยเหล่านี้มีผลต่อรูปแบบการเคลื่อนไหวของขบวนการนักศึกษาและการออกมาตรการในการตอบโต้โดยรัฐ ขบวนการนักศึกษามีอยู่หลากหลายกลุ่มทั้งที่ทำงานร่วมกับรัฐและต่อต้านรัฐ การเติบโตของขบวนการนักศึกษาเพิ่มขึ้นอย่างมากภายใต้การเปิดเสรีเรื่องการศึกษาซึ่งได้รับความช่วยเหลือจากสหรัฐอเมริกา ทั้งนี้ชาตินิยมในหมู่นักศึกษาเวียดนามใต้มิใช่การจำกัดกรอบเพียงแค่การต่อต้านรัฐบาลและอเมริกา ทว่ายังหมายรวมถึงการพยายามสร้างชาติภายใต้สภาวะสงครามและต่อต้านรัฐบาลอำนาจนิยมด้วยการถกเถียงเรื่องการสร้างชาติ ความรักชาติ วัฒนธรรมแห่งชาติและต่างชาติ อย่างไรก็ตามหลังปี 1975 ขบวนการนักศึกษาเวียดนามไม่ได้มีบทบาททางการเมืองเช่นในยุคสงครามเย็น

The Relationship Between International Criminal Tribunals And National Militaries, Frank Rosenblatt

Journal Articles

This article studies the possibilities and perils of international criminal tribunals collaborating with national military forces to support the investigation and prosecution of international crimes. It does so through a case study of Bosnia-Herzegovina in 2002, where a multinational military peacekeeping coalition called Stabilisation Force (SFOR) headquartered in Sarajevo supported the work of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) in The Hague. Through that case study, the article extracts larger lessons potentially applicable to other post-conflict scenarios involving both military forces and international courts. Some ways that militaries and tribunals can work together are familiar, such as …

Rediscovering Zoram: The Chief NaʿAr Of The Commander Of The Fortress, Kelly N. Schaeffer-Bullock

BYU Studies

There are several prominent figures in the opening chapters of the Book of Mormon whose roles, responsibilities, and titles may have eluded the modern reader. As more is learned about ancient Israelite laws, customs, and culture through archaeological successes and academic research, previous biblical scholarship is reworked, refined, or totally redesigned. So too with academic scholarship on the Book of Mormon. The way readers understand the central figures in the opening chapters of the Book of Mormon must be regularly reassessed as additional information is obtained. There is still a great deal more to discover about the people who played …

Anti-Nephi-Lehi Mothers: What They Taught Their Stripling Sons, Julie A.P. Frederick

BYU Studies

When I first saw this shirt (see fig. 1), I was immediately taken with the contrast of the shirtless warriors in bodybuilder-type poses and the claim that these men with six-packs and bulging muscles were “momma’s boys.”1 I have always loved a clever juxtaposition, and this one was so delightful that I remember it from years ago. I was a student walking down the main hallway of Orem High School, and I actually stopped in the middle of the hallway to stare at it, then continued down the hall laughing to myself. What made the shirt even more wonderful was …

Wartime Art And Temporality In The Russian And Soviet Avant-Gardes, 1914–1928, Mechella Ignace Yezernitskaya

Bryn Mawr College Dissertations and Theses

This dissertation examines the ruptured temporality of “wartime” in works by artists, poets, and filmmakers belonging to the Russian and Soviet avant-gardes between 1914 and 1928. Wartime, this study argues, shaped the aesthetics and temporality of canonical works from cubo-futurist illustrated books and collage painting to agitprop theatre and groundbreaking silent film produced in an era of industrialized warfare, revolutionary upheaval, and civil unrest. I reveal the ways in which manifest notions of time were challenged and dismantled in a myriad of artistic forms, styles, and concepts responding to the First World War.

Over five chapters, this dissertation examines the …

The Unique And The Universal In International Studies Theories From The Global South, Michael H. Allen

Political Science Faculty Research and Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Sides Of A Dime, Reinetta Van

Mighty Pen Project Anthology & Archive

A navy captain falls, hits her head, and has her life forever altered. Years later, she passes her annual physical in preparation for deployment, despite being disabled. A contemplation on how a person can be two things at once, and if they should be.

Articles, stories, and other compositions in this archive were written by participants in the Mighty Pen Project. The program, developed by author David L. Robbins, and in partnership with Virginia Commonwealth University and the Virginia War Memorial in Richmond, Virginia, offers veterans and their family members a customized twelve-week writing class, free of charge. The program …