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Comparison Of Risk Factors Of Mortality During The Two Coronavirus Disease 2019 Waves In Delhi, India, Neena Katoch, Ajay K. Gupta, Rachna Gulati, Ketan Garg, Vikas Kumar

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objective To determine the risk factors of mortality (in terms of age, sex, and comorbidities) among hospitalized patients in an Indian tertiary care hospital during the first and second waves. Patients and methods A retrospective observational study was conducted, where the patients’ mortality data were collected over two coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) periods, and their characteristics were compared. The first phase was from May 2020 to January 2021 and the second wave was from March 2021 to August 2021. Results A mortality rate of 23.84% (874 deaths among 3666 patients) and 1.36% (232 deaths among 17 000 patients) was noted …

Oral And Dental Health In Systemic Sclerosis: Is It A Window To Other Systemic Affections?, Omnia A Abubakr, Taghreed F M M Mostafa, Mohamed A Hamdy

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: Oral and periodontal manifestations are common in systemic sclerosis (SSc) which may result in poor nutritional status and significant morbidity. Better understanding of these manifestations is crucial for better patient outcomes. We aimed to evaluate dental and oral manifestations in patients with SSc in comparison to healthy control and to study the relationship between these findings and systemic sclerosis disease activity index, skin thickness, other systemic affection, as well as the oral health-related quality of life in these patients Patients and Methods: 50 patients with SSc were included in this case-control study (Group A) and 50 apparently healthy controls …

Added Value Of Diffusion Weighted Image And Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Mapping In Differentiation Between Bone Marrow Neoplastic Infiltration And Non-Neoplastic Complication In Hematologic Malignancies, Mary Rabea Mahrous, Marwa Romeih, Eman Nasr Said

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

BACKGROUND: Hematological malignancies, including lymphomas, leukemia, and multiple myeloma, commonly infiltrate the bone marrow (BM). Commonly observed post-treatment complications that affect BM include osteonecrosis, osteomyelitis, ischemic infarction, pathological fractures, and avascular necrosis. These complications frequently occur secondary to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and high doses of corticosteroids. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is considered the gold-standard imaging modality for the assessment of BM due to its high contrast resolution without radiation exposure. In hematological malignancies, distinguishing benign from malignant bone marrow changes remains notoriously chellenging. Diffusion-weighted images (DWI) are highly sensitive sequences for assessing the mobility of free water molecules reflecting micro-vascular changes. …

Role Of Progesterone And Inhibin A In Predicting The Adverse Outcome Of Pregnancy, Ahmed Hassan Khedr, Amany Seif Mohammed Soliman, Yasmine M. Amrousy, Shaimaa Elsayed Belal

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: The prediction of future miscarriages in patients who have had a first-trimester abortion can be improved by measuring levels of inhibin A and progesterone. Pregnancy outcomes can be improved by using this important information to direct clinical treatment and care Objective. Progesterone and Inhibin A during the first trimester can be used to quickly and precisely detect pregnancy outcomes, improving prenatal services. Methods: A total of 180 women from Badr City Hospital participated in the study, split up into two groups: group b contained ninety women who had undergone a first-trimester abortion, and group a comprised ninety well-being expectant …

One-Year Single Center Initial Experience Of Supine Pcnl, Alaa Ali Mousa, Fayez El Askari, Abdelhamid Khattab

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objectives: to study the safety and efficacy of supine position in percutaneous nephrolithotomy in treatment of large renal stones. Methods: A retrospective study included 51 patients with large renal stones (more than 2 cm) planned for PCNL operation underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in modified flank supine position from October 2022 till August 2023. We excluded from this study as uncorrectable coagulopathy, active urinary tract infection (UTI), and pediatric patients, younger than 18 years. The study protocol was approved by Damanhur National Medical Institute (HD000188/22/11/2023). Results: The most common site of stone was renal pelvis in 17 cases (33.3%) then stag …

Facial Nerve Palsy: A Usual Clinical Presentation In The Post-Covid Patients With Mucormycosis, Anwar Moawad Elbatawy, Ahmed Mohamed Mostafa, Tareq Abdul Ghani, Amr Elshafey, Ahmed Abou El Fotouh, Elham Mohamed Mostafa, Mohammad Mostafa Gaballah

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: Mucormycosis emerges as a severe fungal infection in the post-covid uncontrolled diabetic patients with a history of steroid therapy. Facial palsy coexists in these patients due to mucormycosis. We aim to study the prevalence of facial palsy in these critical patients. Methods: we design a retrospective cross-sectional study for 26 patients admitted to El-Gomhorea teaching hospital to assess the prevalence of facial palsy among this group. Results: 46.2% of diabetic post-covid patients present with facial nerve paralysis. We observed the clinical significance of facial palsy among different age groups. Conclusion: facial nerve palsy has become a usual clinical presentation …

From Needle To Knife: A Correlation Between Cytology And Histopathology In A Tertiary Hospital In Mangadu, Lionel Rohit Mathew, Shalini Karthikeyan, Varshaa Chithrra, Martha Rinnah Bijou, Mahendranath Pernati, Prema Devi Elangovan, Sridevi Vijayasankar, Saraswathi Manikam, Shreya Kousika

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Introduction:

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology is a useful diagnostic test that can be performed on swellings at various sites in the body. It is quick and simple to perform and helps to guide further treatment. However, due to its limitations, it has to be correlated with other investigations, especially histopathological examination for confirmation.

Aim:

This study aims to present the concordance of the cytopathology with the histopathological results, thus getting a picture of the sensitivity of the FNAC test in various sites.

Materials and Methods:

This study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Sri Muthukumaran Medical College Hospital & …

Oral Collagen Supplementation In 2nd Degree Burn And Chronic Pressure Ulcers, Wesam Ibrahem Homouda, Helmy Ahmed Soliman, Esayed Hussien Elmokadem

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: Healing of wounds requires adequate intake of protein, iron, Vitamin-C and zinc. In case of deficiency in the dietary intake, supplements may be prescribed. Collagen-peptide supplements can enhance skin hydration, elasticity, and reduce wrinkles. Burns, caused by various agents, severely damage skin layers. Pressure ulcers occur when prolonged pressure on the skin leads to tissue ischaemia, disrupting nutrition and oxygen supply, resulting in tissue necrosis. Systematic reviews show that oral collagen, either intact or hydrolyzed, effectively improves skin health.

Objectives: This article aim to evaluate the effect of oral collagen intake as a healing promoting supplementation in management of …

Serum Procalcitonin As An Early Marker Of Diabetic Foot Sepsis In Shebin Elkom Teaching Hospital, Asmaa M Soliman, Shimaa M W Kalama, Rania T H Gebba, Randa I. Ahmed Elshiha, Samah Mohammed Abdelmonem Abu Sholaa, Elham T Awwad, Mohamed Ramzy Alawy, Mohamed Abdel Samie Abdelkhalek Elbahat

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Diabetic foot infections are a serious consequence of diabetes mellitus, frequently resulting in major health problems such as amputation. Traditional diagnostic markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) have limitations, spurring more research into procalcitonin (PCT) as a possibly more reliable predictor of infection severity and consequences. Objectives To compare the efficacy of (PCT) to standard inflammatory indicators (ESR and CRP) in predicting outcomes of acute diabetic foot infections (DFI) and to determine its potential benefits in clinical settings. Patient and Methods A cross-sectional study was undertaken at Shebin Elkom Teaching Hospital between December 2023 …

Study Of Transient Elastography Changes And Biochemical Effects Of Direct Acting Antiviral Regimens In Egyptian Hcv Patients, Omar Mahmoud Azzam, Nageh Kamal Georgy, Hesham Mohamed Elwakeel

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: In 2014–2015, a new era in the clinical practice of managing chronic HCV using direct antiviral drugs (DAAs) began. The results of DAAS therapy are promising, with higher sustained virological response (SVR) rates, shorter, more efficient regimens, and less treatment-related side effects in HCV patients. For many years, the field of liver specialists has focused most of its study and debate on the retrogradation of liver fibrosis. Recent evidence, however, has shown that fibrosis decline occurs in a variety of chronic liver disorders, including persistent viral hepatitis.

Objective: to assess the biochemical effects of various DAAS regimens and changes …

Surgical Radiofrequency Ablation Using The Left Modified Maze Procedure In The Treatment Of Chronic Atrial Fibrillation During Mitral Valve Surgery – Early Results, Ahmed A Faragalla, Ahmed M Elshiemy, Sherif A Elhendawy, Ahmed A. Abdelhamid

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

ABSTRACT Background: Complex Cox-Maze III is standard for atrial fibrillation in mitral valve surgery. Radiofrequency ablation, a newer energy-based method, might be simpler and less risky. Aim of the work: Assessing the Efficacy of Surgical Radiofrequency Ablation for Chronic Atrial Fibrillation with Left Atrial Modified Maze Procedure in Mitral Valve Surgery. Patients and Methods: A randomised controlled study (80 patients, mitral valve disease + chronic atrial fibrillation) compares a left-modified Maze with radiofrequency ablation (Group A/40) vs. mitral valve surgery alone (Group B/40) at the National Heart Institute—primary outcome: Restoration of sinus rhythm. Results: This randomized controlled study (n=80, mitral …

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Versus Spectral-Domain Oct In Assessing The Activity Of Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration., Tarek Ibrahim Badr

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the primary cause of visual deterioration in people over 50 in developed countries. Our study compares optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to assist patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (eAMD) in making treatment decisions. Patients and Methods The prospective case series consisted of 50 eyes from 35 patients having exudative neovascular age-related macular degeneration who were found to have choroidal neovascularization (CNV).While the SD-OCT data were utilized to determine the need for treatment, the OCTA data were utilized to establish the CNV criterion. To evaluate any possible …

Multiple Magnet Ingestion Causing Entero-Enteric Fistula, And Intestinal Obstruction, A Case Report, Mohammed Rabea Balaswad, Wael Ghorab

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

INTRODUCTION Foreign body ingestions in children are incredibly common. Magnet intake might be asymptomatic or cause evident symptoms, allowing for effective diagnosis and care. The condition is rare and difficult to diagnose until complications such as bowel obstruction or peritonitis arise from intestinal wall trapping in a magnetic field. CASE PRESENTATION A five-year-old male boy presented with history of intestinal obstruction, received admission to our hospital after his plain X-ray revealed some foreign entities thought to be magnets. An abdominal X-ray showed a bullet-shaped foreign body in the lower abdomen. Laboratory tests were normal, with the exception of a minor …

Silent Signs: The Hidden Impact Of Aseptic Pyuria In Chronic Kidney Disease, Egypt, Ghadir Mohamed Elsawy, Basma Aref Altaweel

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Introduction: This study, Element Type, reflects the prevalence of and clinical significance of aseptic pyuria among CKD patients in Egypt, addressing the vital knowledge gap that exists in understanding what implications this condition presents to the patient. More than 10% of the world's population suffers from chronic kidney disease that is characterized by progressive loss of renal function and requires monitoring of various clinical parameters, including pyuria and white blood cells present in urine. Aseptic pyuria is commonly misunderstood as a UTI and thereby mistreated with unnecessary antibiotic courses due to the presence of white blood cells with no bacterial …

Laboratory Evaluation Of Essential Oils Extracted From Peppermint And Eucalyptus Plants Against The Rat Flea (Xynopsylla Cheopis) And Evaluate Their Effects On Some Vital Process In Albino Rat, Rasha Ragheb Hassan, Micheal William Mikhail

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

The effectiveness of peppermint and eucalyptus oils was examined in the current study to the rat fleas (Xenopsylla cheopis). The constituents of each oil were identified by GC-MS. The LC50 and LC90 for each essential oil were calculated after 1 and 24 hours exposure. The effect of peppermint and eucalyptus oils on some vital process in albino rat treated with 1/10 and 1/20 of LD50 were studied for the ALT, AST, Urea and creatinine levels. TNF-α and IL-6 levels also were studied. Data indicated that peppermint essential oil had more efficacy than that of eucalyptus for 1 and 24 hours …

Understanding Mental Wellbeing Of Family Day Care Educators In Australia: A Mixed Methods Study, Theresa Rayfield

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Family Day Care (FDC) is an essential service within the Australian early childhood education and care sector. FDC educators support Australian families who require convenience, flexibility, and versatility in the education and care of their children. FDC educators’ mental wellbeing (MWB) is vital to ensure optimal education and care is provided, however this is often overlooked by educators. This research aimed to gauge Australian FDC educators’ MWB, identify factors positively or negatively affecting MWB and strategies employed to maintain and support MWB.

Primarily, a cross-sectional quantitative questionnaire measuring MWB and ten predictor variables determining relationship with food, food insecurity, alcohol …

Exploring Treatment Burden In People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2dm) In Primary Care Settings, Kai Lin

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Introduction

Treatment burden is the perceived workload of care by individuals. The treatment burden experienced by individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a major obstacle to achieving effective healthcare outcomes. The aim of this research is to facilitate better management of treatment burden in people with T2DM in primary care settings.

Methods

A systematic review, encompassing narrative analysis was used to characterise the treatment burden of T2DM and critical appraisal was used to identify the appropriate patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for measuring this burden. The selected instruments were employed with subsequent questionnaires, followed by patient focus groups. A …

The Physiological And Performance Consequences Of The Australian Special Forces Selection Course, Angela Uphill

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Special Forces (SF) soldiers are the most elite element of military forces, who have undergone rigorous training in order to prepare them for a wide array of specialised missions. In Australia, entry into the SF is determined through the highly competitive SF Selection Course (SF-SC), which is a gruelling program involving extreme physical demands, psychological stress, and restricted access to sleep and nutrition. The stressors involved in arduous military training events such as the SF-SC can result in significant losses of fat mass and lean mass, disruption to hormonal homeostasis, and significant decreases in neuromuscular capacity, which can potentially increase …

The Commonwealth Of Amnesia: A Collection Of Erasure And Cut-Up Poems Exploring The Forgotten Histories Of Croatian And Yugoslav Peoples In Australia And An Exegesis Obliteration Creates More: Examining The Wreck Of History Through Whiteout, Blackout And Cut-Up Erasure Poetry, Natalie Damjanovich-Napoleon

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This thesis consists of two parts, a collection of poems, “The Commonwealth of Amnesia”, and an accompanying exegesis. The collection explores the forgotten histories of Croatian and Yugoslav immigrants in Australia from 1901 to 1957 through the medium of erasure and cut-up poetry, re-arranging words found in nonfiction documents to posit that forgetting can be metaphorically and visually represented through erasure while also re-narrativising a text. Erasure poetry takes a textual document and using whiteout or blackout erases portions of a text, transforming that text into a poem; cut-up poetry rearranges the words of a document in a textual version …

The Legal Framework For The Protection Of Victims Of The Worst Forms Of Child Labour In Agriculture In Ghana: A Human Rights Based Approach, Ruby Akua Aglagoh

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Child labour is prevalent in Ghana, especially in the agriculture industry where children engage in work that is harmful to their health, morals, and safety. Such harmful work has been defined by the ILO Convention No. 182 on the Worst Forms of Child Labour, 1999 as constituting the worst forms of child labour. These children have human rights stated in the laws of Ghana but have become victims of human rights violations because they cannot access the protections provided for under the international conventions and national laws of Ghana.

Using doctrinal legal research, this thesis reviews the legal framework of …

Prevalence Trends Of Foodborne Pathogens, Bacillus Cereus, Non Stec Escherichia Coli And Staphylococcus Aureus In Ready-To-Eat Foods Sourced From Restaurants, Cafés, Catering And Takeaway Food Premises, Nicole Foxcroft

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The foodborne pathogens of Bacillus cereus (B. cereus), non STEC Escherichia coli (non STEC E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) are currently non-notifiable in Australia unless attributed to a food poisoning outbreak. Due to the lack of data around individual cases and isolations in foods, any changes in prevalence may go undetected. The aim of the study was to determine any changes in prevalence of B. cereus, non STEC E. coli and S. aureus in ready-to-eat foods (RTE) sampled from Western Australian restaurants, cafés, catering facilities, and takeaway food premises during the period July 2009 to June 2022. The …

Spatial And Temporal Variation In Population Genetic Diversity In Seagrasses And The Implications For Resilience, Anna Maria Frouws

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Seagrass ecosystems are highly productive and fulfil vital roles in the coastal environment as ecosystem engineers and keystone species. Unfortunately, anthropogenic pressures have resulted in a significant loss of seagrass habitat and associated ecosystem services. The complex and unpredictable nature of these pressures, and their increasing extent and intensity globally, makes resilience-based ecosystem management a valuable approach. Resilience-based management requires knowledge on processes enhancing ecosystem resilience and on actions supporting these processes. Genetic diversity, which is the allelic variation among individuals of a population, has been recognised as one of the pillars of resilient ecosystems. Genetic diversity within a population …

Care-Full Climate Justice Organising: Movement-Based Participatory Action Research On Noongar Boodja, Kylie A. Wrigley

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Aligned with emerging research agendas for critical (intersectional and decolonial) climate justice, this research aims to co-create place-based knowledges and actions about how communities and movements organise for climate justice. Organising for climate justice in Western Australia (WA) is particularly difficult because of the strong influence of the fossil fuel industry and the prevailing racial capitalist, colonial, and patriarchal responses to climate change in policy and mainstream climate movements. These systems of power often reproduce, for example, intersecting gender, race, and class inequalities, which marginalise communities most impacted by climate injustice. Moreover, many climate activists experience climate distress and burnout. …

Shifting Soil Fungal Communities In Response To Fire And Weed Management In Urban Banksia Woodlands, Aaron Justin Brace

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This research aims to fill the knowledge gap in soil fungi in the Banksia woodland and emphasizes considering holistic ecosystem dynamics in invasive species management strategies. This is accomplished by surveying soil fungi under different fire regime across the Swan Coastal Plain, and within both in and ex situ herbicide application trials. This is the first such study to investigate the fungal component of the Banksia woodland so thoroughly. Chapter 2 quantified and analysed changes in soil fungal community composition and functional groups over a 50-year fire chronosequence in fire-prone Banksia woodland in southwestern Australia. Effects were variable, but fungal …

Verbal And Nonverbal Communicative Approaches Used By Reading Teachers To Foster Student Reading For Pleasure In Secondary School, Claire Patricia Smith

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The benefits of reading for pleasure are diverse. As evidence supporting the value of reading for pleasure grows, so does its legitimacy as a catalyst for positive personal and cognitive development, and as a stand-alone subject in education. Reading for pleasure pedagogy (RfPP), distinct from reading instruction, is evolving in tandem with these findings. This pedagogy is predicated on the profile of a Reading Teacher (RT) as a reader who enjoys reading and is prepared to share their personal reading lives to teach their students to read for pleasure. However, this profile may be an ideal rather than the norm. …

The Experiences Of Older Immigrants Living With Dementia In Australia: A Multi-Method Secondary Analysis, Pelden Chejor

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The ageing immigrant population and rising dementia cases underscores the need for culturally appropriate dementia care services. However, accessing dementia care services can be challenging for immigrants due to cultural and linguistical differences including their health beliefs. Understanding the experiences and concerns of older immigrants living with dementia is imperative for the planning and delivery of culturally and linguistically appropriate care. The aim of this thesis was to explore and describe the experiences of older immigrants living with dementia, as well as to describe and compare (against non-immigrants living with dementia) the characteristics (neuropsychiatric symptoms and pain characteristics) of older …

Developing A Framework For Musical Ekphrasis In Jazz Composition, Jessica Carlton

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Musical ekphrasis, as defined by musicologist Siglind Bruhn (2001), refers to musical compositions that transform, re-create, or ‘re-present’ a work of visual art or poetry. Though there exists a significant body of musical works that are based on visual art and poetry, there is a distinct lack of research and documentation on musical ekphrasis, particularly in the field of jazz and improvised music. Further, a formalised process framework for practitioners approaching ekphrastic composition has yet to be developed. This research project investigated musical ekphrasis through qualitative interviews with key practitioners, and a combination of practice-led research and research-led practice methodologies, …

Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking, And Molecular Dynamic Studies Of Novel Quinazoline Derivatives As Phosphodiesterase 7 Inhibitors, Marwa M. Safar Prof. Dr.

Pharmacy

Introduction: Phosphodiesterase 7 (PDE7) is a high-affinity cyclic AMP (cAMP)- specific PDE that is expressed in immune and proinflammatory cells. In this work, we explore the possibility that selective small molecule inhibitors of this enzyme family could provide a novel approach to alleviate the inflammation that is associated with many inflammatory diseases. Methods: A series of novel substituted 4-hydrazinoquinazoline derivatives and fused triazoloquinazolines were designed, synthesized, and evaluated in vitro for their PDE7A inhibition activities, in comparison with Theophylline, a non-selective PDE inhibitor, and BRL50481, a selective PDE7A inhibitor. This series of novel quinazoline derivatives were synthesized via multi-step reactions. …

In Silico Identifcation Of New Potential Inhibitors Of Quorum Sensing By Gram‑Positive Bacteria Through Specialized Molecular Docking, Amgad Albohy, Najla A. Obaid, Mariam Mojally, Mohammed Abou Rehab, Najd Ahmad Alkhudhir

Pharmacy

Quorum sensing is the process by which bacterial cells can communicate by producing substances to regulate viable processes such as gene expression, virulence, and bioflm formation. Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis have specifc enzymes (autoinducers) that control the quorum sensing system. Sortase A is a surface protein that regulates virulence and cell‒cell communication in Gram-positive bacteria. To interfere with this system and reduce virulence and cell‒cell communication, quorum sensing inhibitors are used, which are nonantibiotic substances. In this study, we aimed to use Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs (analgesics and antipsychotics) and investigate their activity using …

Development And Validation Of Green Stability-Indicating Rp-Hplc Method For Estimation Of Ertapenem: Degradation Kinetics And Structural Mass Elucidation Using Ms, Sohair M. Aboelghar, Hebatallah A. Wagdy, Maha A. Hegazy

Pharmacy

Ertapenem is an antibiotic that is used in the treatment of several bacterial infections, and it was recently approved for the treatment of the COVID-19 virus. A simple validated stability-indicating reversed phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method was developed for ertapenem estimation. The separation was done using Pronto SIL® C18 (300 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) as the stationary phase, methanol, and acidified water as the mobile phase in gradient mode with a flow rate of 1 mL/min and a pH 4.0 adjusted by orthophosphoric acid. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines. The linearity ranges from 5.00-120.00 …