Digital Commons Network^™

The Cumulative Effect Of Ellagic Acid And Carnosic Acid Attenuates Oxidative Events During Diabetic Wound Healing: In Different Applications And On Different Days, Eli̇f Naz Gürsoy, Kanuni̇ Barbaros Balabanli, Fatma Nur Tuğcu Demi̇röz, Şule Coşkun Cevher

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: The hyperglycemic environment in diabetes disrupts normal wound-healing processes, leading to chronic wounds. This study investigated whether the combination of the phenolic compounds Ellagic acid and Carnosic acid shows synergistic effects on diabetic wound healing and oxidative parameters in diabetic rats.Materials and methods: In this study, diabetic rats were divided into control, untreated, Carbopol 974P treated, topical treatment, and oral gavage treatment. Ellagic acid and Carnosic acid combination were applied topically and oral gavage to the full-thickness excisional wounds of all animals except the control group. We investigated oxidative events by malondialdehyde, glutathione, nitric oxide, protein carbonyl, collagen spectrophotometrically, …

Cannabinoid Receptor Ligands Modulate Fibrosis And Inflammation In Idiopathicpulmonary Fibrosis: A Preliminary Study, Sevi̇l Köse, Seli̇n Önen, Merve Gi̇zer, Esi̇n Boduroğlu, Uğur Gönüllü, Petek Korkusuz

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: There is no specific pharmacological treatment regimen for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Therefore, new anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategies are needed. Cannabinoids (CBs) that are known for their inflammation-modulating and anti-fibrotic effects may be potential medication candidates for the treatment of IPF. Our aim is to evaluate the inflammation-modulating and anti-fibrotic effects of CB receptor (CBR) agonists and antagonists in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated human lung healthy fibroblast, epithelial cells, IPF fibroblast cells and monocytes.Materials and methods: We detected CBRs in the human lung healthy (LL24) and IPF fibroblast cells (LL29), epithelial cells (A549) and monocytes (THP-1) by flow cytometry (FC). We …

Development Of An Immunodiagnostic Assay For The Detection Of Sugarcane Mosaic Virus, Hafiz Muhammad Khalid, Najam Us Sahar Sadaf Zaidi, Naeem Rashid, Muhammad Tahir

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/Aim: Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV; genus Potyvirus and family Potyviridae), poses a significant threat to global sugarcane cultivars, including those in Pakistan. The aim of this study was to develop a rapid and effective diagnostic tool for detection of SCMV, enabling timely implementation of control measures to mitigate potential yield losses.Materials and Methods: The study focused on the in silico analysis; physicochemical properties, immunogenicity and subcellular localization of the SCMV coat protein (CP). The SCMV coat protein (CP) gene was synthesized, cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant fusion coat protein (rFCP-SCMV) was purified and used to generate polyclonal …

Combinational Therapy Of All-Trans Retinoic Acid (Atra) And Sphingomyelin Induces Apoptosis And Cell Cycle Arrest In B16f10 Melanoma Cancer Cell, Zeynep İşlek Köklü, Eli̇f Li̇dya Şanverdi̇, Başak Karadağ, Mehmet Hi̇kmet Üçişik, Ezgi̇ Taşkan, Fi̇kretti̇n Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background: Melanoma arises from the uncontrolled multiplication of melanocytes, posing an escalating global health concern. Despite early detection and surgical removal being crucial, metastatic melanoma poses treatment challenges, with limited options like chemotherapy and immunotherapy. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), a natural metabolite of vitamin A, has shown promise in melanoma treatment by inducing differentiation, apoptosis, growth arrest, and immune modulation. However, ATRA treatment alone can lead to resistance and relapse. Sphingomyelin (SM) also plays a role in inhibiting melanoma progression by apoptotic cell death.Objective: This study investigated combinational anticancer effects of ATRA and SM on in vitro B16F10 melanoma cells.Method: …

Mechanistic Insights Into Cardiac Regeneration And Protection Through Meis Inhibition, Aynura Mammadova, Gali̇p Servet Aslan, Li Mo, Qifang Wu, Sebastian Clauss, Fati̇h Kocabaş

Turkish Journal of Biology

MEIS1, a member of the TALE-type homeobox gene family, has emerged as a pivotal regulator of cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest and represents a promising therapeutic target. Our study reveals that inhibition of MEIS1 using two novel small molecules, MEISi-1 and MEISi-2, significantly enhances neonatal cardiomyocyte proliferation and cytokinesis. Specifically, MEISi-1 and MEISi-2 increased the proportion of proliferating cardiomyocytes (Ph3+TnnT cells) upto 4.5 fold and the percentage of cytokinetic cardiomyocytes (AuroraB+TnnT cells) by 2 fold, compared to untreated controls. MEIS1 inhibition resulted in a notable downregulation of MEIS1 target genes and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, demonstrating its effect on key regulatory pathways. …

Chelidonic Acid Abrogates Oxidative Stress And Memory Dysfunction In Experimental Aging Rats, Feri̇de Ni̇hal Si̇nan, Emel Serdaroğlu Kaşikçi, Burcu Çevreli̇

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: In an aging model established in male Wistar albino rats via the administration of D-galactose (D-gal), the aim of this study was to examine the effects of chelidonic acid on cognitive functioning and the levels of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), Total antioxidant status (TAS), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).Materials and methods: Thirty-two Wistar albino (three month old) male rats (n = 8) were used. Group 1: Control (C), Group 2: Chelidonic acid (CA) (2 mg/kg oral gavage), Group 3: D-galactose (D-gal) (150 mg/kg, s.c.), Group 4: D-gal (150 mg/kg) + CA (2 mg/kg) (DC). Following an overnight fast, the …

Characterization Of Tfiie-Regulated Genes By Transcriptome Analysis, Serdar Baysal

Turkish Journal of Biology

Previous studies on GTF2E showed that it has association with certain group of diseases such as colon cancer and trichothiodystrophy but what is the global effect of GTF2E on cellular processes is not widely characterized. In this regard, this study aimed to investigate and characterize the affect of GTF2E on transcription level of genes and identify the cellular processes and diseases associated with GTF2E. The HCT116 cell line was used in the study and transfected at 30 nM concentration with siGTF2E1 or non-target negative siRNA. After 72 hours, cells were harvested and prepared for further analysis. Whole transcriptome analysis was …

Copyright And Research In Latin America: Law, Courts, And Perceptions, Mariana G. Valente, Alice P. Lana, André P. Houang

Joint PIJIP/TLS Research Paper Series

Research on the intersection of copyright law, research activities, and innovation in Latin America reveals significant deficiencies in the legal framework and public discourse surrounding copyright limitations and exceptions (L&Es) for research purposes. The problem is more visible with modern data assembling and analyzing techniques, such as through artificial intelligence (AI) systems. This study highlights the scarcity of explicit provisions for research-related exceptions in the region by examining copyright legislation, case law, and stakeholder perspectives in six Latin American countries. Despite indications that judicial interpretation is expanding the scope of L&Es, particularly in Brazil, awareness of legal nuances remains low …

Design And Investigation Of Small Molecule Drugs For Potential Treatment Of Cns Disorders, Flaviviral Infections, And Cancers, Viktoriya Mashinson

Theses & Dissertations

Chapter 1 discusses the development of antagonists against the dopamine 4 receptor (D4R) that is expressed in the motor, associative, and limbic subdivisions of the basal ganglia network and is involved in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Levodopa is the firstline drug for the management of PD symptoms but its long-term use often leads to development of levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). D4R antagonists have been shown to decrease the abnormal involuntary movement scores in mouse models of LID. Chapter 1 outlines the development and optimization of selective D4R antagonists for potential treatment of LID. During the investigation of our D4R antagonists we discovered …

Characterizing The Francisella Tularensis Universal Stress Protein, Benjamin Girardo

Theses & Dissertations

Francisella tularensis is an extremely virulent pathogen responsible for the zoonotic disease tularemia. F. tularensis employs various defense mechanisms to survive and persist under diverse environmental and host-induced stress conditions. Despite its significance, the full spectrum of stress factors that enable F. tularensis persistence remain inadequately understood. In many bacterial species, universal stress proteins (Usp) play a crucial role in managing adverse conditions. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of Usp in F. tularensis as a means of clarifying the stress response mechanisms of this pathogen. The F. tularensis Usp is encoded by a single, highly …

Sparkled: Social Programming In Kids Affects Risk Of Latent Endothelial Disease, Rebecca Drakowski

Theses & Dissertations

Background: Social Health Programming (SHP) is a holistic intervention that can empower communities to address modifiable risk factors for poor cardiovascular health, including suboptimal nutrition or psychosocial stressors. SHP participation has been shown to increase dietary intake of fruits and vegetables, decrease perceived stress, and improve cardiovascular endurance. However, it is unknown how SHP participation during adolescence affects carotenoid serum levels, hair cortisol concentrations (biological marker of chronic stress), or vascular reactivity index (VRI; measure of subclinical cardiovascular health).

Methods: Adolescent girls and young adult women (12–29-year-old) were enrolled in this observational cohort study. Serum, hair, and saliva samples were …

A Comprehensive Usability And Economic Analysis Of Heat-Related Wearable Technologies: Applications To Occupational Health, Ryan T. Cannady

Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to analyze the usability and economic considerations of real-time wearable technologies that are implemented in occupational settings to assess risk of heat stress and heat strain. The study population included current agriculture workers and Department of Energy (DOE), Environmental Management (EM) contractors. We employed a mixed-methods approach to comprehensively analyze the usability and economic considerations of heat-related technologies. Specifically, our approach assessed three distinct aspects the applications of these technologies in occupational settings to comprehensively address our research objective: (1) worker perceptions of heat-related wearable technologies, (2) field-based assessment of these heat-related wearable technologies, …

Development Of A Streptococcus Mutans Biofilm Model On A Typodont Platform To Investigate Its Dynamics In Orthodontics, Hibah Chughtai

Theses & Dissertations

Introduction: Biofilm formation plays a significant role in dental health, resulting in plaque accumulation, which can lead to caries and oral diseases. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is a key bacterium involved in this process. The goal of this study was to establish a protocol for the development of an S. mutans biofilm on dental typodont teeth to analyze the effects of orthodontic brackets on biofilm formation. Understanding these dynamics is critical for developing strategies to mitigate biofilm accumulation during orthodontic treatment. Methods: S. mutans biofilms were cultivated under three conditions: 96-well tissue culture plates, S. mutans inoculated non-bracketed …

Ccr5-Ligand Decorated Rilpivirine Lipid-Based Nanoparticles For Sustained Antiretroviral Responses, Milankumar Patel

Theses & Dissertations

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the standard remedy to improve the health-related quality of life of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, limited access to the viral reservoir has significantly hindered its effectiveness in fully eradicating HIV. Therefore, to improve HIV therapy, here we propose a C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5)-targeted theranostic lipid Based Nanoparticles (LBNPs) to noninvasively track and specifically deliver the antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) to the viral reservoir. A multi-modular radioactive nanoprobe was synthesized and co-encapsulated with rilpivirine (RPV, an ARV) into the LBNP to achieve a theranostic LBNP that can be tracked by positron emission …

Synthetic Studies On Ship Activators And New Oxidative Methods Utilizing Ddq And Hypervalent Iodine Catalysts, Christos Nixarlidis

Dissertations - ALL

One important cell signaling pathway is the PI3K pathway because it influences many key cellular functions such as proliferation and apoptosis. Among the enzymes that are involved in this pathway, the SH2-containing inositol-5’-phosphatase (SHIP) plays an important role by maintaining the balance of PI(3,4,5)P3 and PI(3,4)P2. SHIP activation promotes a higher rate of hydrolysis of PI(3,4,5)P3 and thus reduces the downstream activation of AKT, which influences many cell processes. Activation of SHIP using small molecules may be useful for certain diseases such as inflammatory disorders and some types of cancer. The synthesis and evaluation of a new class of sulfonamide …

Noise-Enhanced Network Science, Reyhaneh Abdolazimi

Dissertations - ALL

Graphs are a versatile and powerful data structure used to model complex relationships in diverse domains such as social networks, biological systems, and transportation networks. In graphs, entities are represented by nodes, and interactions or relationships between them are represented by edges. For example, in the World Wide Web, web pages are considered vertices, and if there is a link from one page to another page on the web, there will be a directed edge between those pages in its graph data structure. These structures allow us to analyze and solve important problems like community detection (identifying closely related clusters …

Modulating Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation Of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins Through Lipidation, Zhe Zhang

Dissertations - ALL

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is a fascinating biological phenomenon that enables cells to form membraneless organelles, creating specialized compartments for orchestrating complex biochemical reactions. While significant progress has been made in deciphering the sequence determinants underlying phase separation, precisely modulating these features remains a challenge. Inspired by biology, post-translational modifications (PTMs) offer a promising approach to modulate the protein condensates formation and their properties in real-time, without altering the sequences. Despite the identification of over 300 types of PTMs, most research has predominantly focused on charge-altering modifications. The effects of non-charged PTMs, such as lipidation, on LLPS remain poorly understood. …

Role Of Emotional Intelligence In Leadership, Sabrena Craft

M.S. in Leadership

No abstract provided.

Biobehavioral Correlates Of Multidimensional Fatigue In Men With Prostate Cancer, Kristin Dickinson

Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this thesis project was to 1) examine trajectories of multidimensional cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in men with prostate cancer during and after radiation treatment completion, and 2) identify biobehavioral correlates (demographic, clinical, co-occurring symptoms, and biologic [inflammatory cytokines]) for the different CRF dimensions.

Data for this secondary analysis were obtained from a descriptive, longitudinal IRB-approved study investigating men with non-metastatic prostate cancer receiving radiation therapy (RT). Data were obtained from 68 participant medical records, self-report questionnaires, and blood samples. Data were collected at: baseline (T1), completion of RT (T2), 6 months (T3) and 2 years (T4) after completion …

Neuropunk: A Discursive Ethnographic Study Of The Do-It-Yourself Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Community, Erick Guzman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation seeks to understand the sociocultural contexts surrounding the do-it-yourself (DIY) use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) devices. TDCS is a non-invasive method of brain stimulation which has a history of use in (1) human brain mapping for basic neuroscience studies, (2) neuropsychological rehabilitation and the treatment of psychological disorders in clinical populations, and (3) cognitive enhancement in healthy people. However, its validity and effectiveness across these uses remain open to debate. Since the early 2010’s, tDCS has attracted a number of lay individuals interested in using it outside of formal scientific and medical contexts. These DIY tDCS …

Dignity Defended, Privacy Preserved: A Call For Improved Legal Safeguards To Shield Victims Of Intimate Crimes From Public Scrutiny, Madeline E. Brown

University of Cincinnati Law Review

No abstract provided.

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Benguet Pine (Pinus Kesiya) Xylem For Deep Well Water Filtration, Allen Conner C. Hizon, Robert Zachary M. Santos, Juan Jose B. Lacson, Jefferson Danilo G. Villarin, Juan Carlo T. Gumangan

Sinaya: A Philippine Journal for Senior High School Teachers and Students

Even today, many rural and remote communities still do not have access to safe drinking water, which is a basic right of every human. To address this problem, the effectiveness of the Benguet pine tree (Pinus kesiya) xylem as a sustainable water filtration method for well water was investigated. The physical and chemical properties of the filtered and unfiltered deep well water were tested: the total dissolved solids (TDS) and the electrical conductivity using a 5-in-1 electronic water quality tester and the pH level using pH strips. On the other hand, the microbiological metrics, such as heterotrophic plate …

Transgenerational Legislative Awareness Issues In Children's Food, Yi Seul Kim

Duke Environmental Law & Policy Forum

No abstract provided.

The Encoding Of Decision Variables In Orbitofrontal Cortex (Ofc) Is Longitudinally Stable And Varies By Cortical Layer, Manning Zhang

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

Economic choices entail computing the values of different options and then making choice by comparing values. Work in primates and rodents has shown that these mental processes rely on the OFC. Neurophysiology studies identified in OFC distinct groups of neurons encoding the value of individual options, the binary choice outcome, and the chosen value. These variables capture both the input and the output of the decision process, suggesting a decision circuit existing in OFC. A primary challenge for the field is to assess the structure and mechanisms governing this circuit. A first fundamental question is whether the circuit is stable …

Disparities In Kidney Care In Vulnerable Populations: A Multinational Study From The Isn-Gkha, Robin L. Erickson, Nivedita Kamath, Arpana Iyengar, Adebowale Ademola

Open Access archive

Vulnerable populations, such as the elderly, children, displaced people, and refugees, often encounter challenges in accessing healthcare. In this study, we used data from the third iteration of the International Society of Nephrology Global Kidney Health Atlas (ISN-GKHA) to describe kidney care access and delivery to vulnerable populations across countries and regions. Using data from an international survey of clinicians, policymakers, and patient advocates, we assessed the funding and coverage of vulnerable populations on all aspects of kidney replacement therapies (KRT). Overall, 167 countries or jurisdictions participated in the survey, representing 97.4% of the world’s population. Children had less access …

Winter Commencement: December 20, 2024, University Of North Dakota

UND Commencement Programs

UND Winter Commencement program from December 20, 2024.

The Ethical Requirements To Avoid Clinical Error Via Safety, Augustus Nweze, Augustus Ifeanyi Nweze Fr

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Establishing safety programs across healthcare organizations will help to eliminate clinical errors and promote patient safety goals such as culture of quality and safety. Following the 1999 IOM Report, To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health System, regarding the high rate of injuries and deaths due to medical errors, healthcare institutions and policymakers at all levels have continued to draw attention to patient safety programs. As a result, patient safety programs have been implemented nationally to avoid clinical error in healthcare. Regulatory agencies like The Joint Commission, which oversees the voluntary accreditation of hospitals in the U.S. continues to …

Investigating Anomalous Experiences In Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders, Pavan Brar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The self-disorder model provides a phenomenological framework for understanding how the core symptoms of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (SSDs) are rooted in an instability of minimal selfhood. This instability involves a range of ‘anomalous experiences’: transformations in an individual’s perceptual field and sense of being an agent of action. The explanatory value of this theoretical model can be summarized in two claims about the role of anomalous experiences in self-disorders: (1) anomalous experiences express a common trait-like disturbance that is characteristic of SSDs, and (2) anomalous experiences contribute to the progression of self-disorders into SSDs. Although hypotheses consistent with the first …

The Ethics Of Involuntary Psychiatric Hospitalization: A Comprehensive Analysis Of Policies, Practice, And Ethical Oversight, Mariah Chobany

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

As a specialized field of medicine, psychiatry presents unique ethical challenges and dilemmas distinct from other medical disciplines. A particularly complex aspect of psychiatric care involves the involuntary treatment of patients who may be unable to make informed decisions about their care or participation in research due to the debilitating effects of their psychiatric condition. This presents a significant challenge for providers and researchers, particularly concerning capacity issues and the informed consent process. Despite the intricacies and complexities of ethical dilemmas in psychiatric treatment and research, there is a notable lack of comprehensive guidance in policies and practices on addressing …

Novel Digital Anomalies, Hippocampal Atrophy, And Mutations Expand The Genotypic And Phenotypic Spectra Of Cnksr2 In The Houge Type Of X-Linked Syndromic Intellectual Development Disorder (Mrxshg), Mohammad Reza Ghasemi, Sahand Tehrani Fateh, Afif Ben-Mahmoud, Vijay Gupta, Lara G. Stühn, Gaetan Lesca, Nicolas Chatron, Konrad Platzer, Patrick Edery, Hossein Sadeghi, Bertrand Isidor, Benjamin Cogné, Heidi L. Schulz, Ilona Krauspe-Stübecke, Radhakrishnan Periyasamy, Sheela Nampoothiri, Reza Mirfakhraie, Sahar Alijanpour, Steffen Syrbe, Ulrich Pfeifer, Stephanie Spranger, Kathrin Grundmann-Hauser, Tobias B. Haack, Maria T. Papadopoulou, Tayrine Da Silva Gonçalves, Eleni Panagiotakaki, Alexis Arzimanoglou, Seyed Hassan Tonekaboni, Yves Lacassie, Et Al

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The Houge type of X-linked syndromic intellectual developmental disorder (MRXSHG) encompasses a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by intellectual disability (ID), language/speech delay, attention issues, and epilepsy. These conditions arise from hemizygous or heterozygous deletions, along with point mutations, affecting CNKSR2, a gene located at Xp22.12. CNKSR2, also known as CNK2 or MAGUIN, functions as a synaptic scaffolding molecule within the neuronal postsynaptic density (PSD) of the central nervous system. It acts as a link connecting postsynaptic structural proteins, such as PSD95 and S-SCAM, by employing multiple functional domains crucial for synaptic signaling and protein–protein interactions. Predominantly expressed in dendrites, …