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Elucidating The Role Of Astrocytes In Norepinephrine Neuromodulation, Katheryn Bry Lefton

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Norepinephrine, a wakefulness-associated neuromodulator, profoundly reshapes neural systems, from synaptic circuits to behavior. Through decades of research, a substantial catalogue on the effects of noradrenergic signaling on behavior and networks has been generated. How norepinephrine remodels synaptic circuitry is widely thought to underlie the larger changes in neural networks and behavior, highlighting the need for a more thorough understanding of the circuit effects of norepinephrine neuromodulation. However, the mechanistic details of the norepinephrine on synapses are still unclear. In recent decades, a large body of work has shown that norepinephrine acts not just on neurons, but on glial cells including …

Comparative Efficacy, Safety, And Oncological Outcomes Of Percutaneous Thermal And Chemical Ablation Modalities For Recurrent Metastatic Cervical Lymphadenopathy From Thyroid Cancer, Eman A. Toraih, Siva Paladugu, Rami M. Elshazli, Mohammad M. Hussein, Hassan Malik, Humza Pirzadah, Ahmed Abdelmaksoud, Salem I. Noureldine, Emad Kandil

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Thermal and chemical ablation techniques may consolidate recurrent metastatic cervical lymph nodes as alternatives to repeat neck dissection in thyroid cancer patients. This meta-analysis aims to compare the efficacy and safety across modalities. Methods: Four databases were searched for studies on radiofrequency (RFA), microwave (MWA), laser (LA), and ethanol ablation (EA) treating metastatic cervical nodes from thyroid cancer. The outcomes analyzed included treatment response, oncologic control, and complications. Random effects meta-analytical pooling was conducted. Results: There were 25 studies (n = 1061 nodes) examining the four ablation methods. Patients showed comparable baseline characteristics and initial lymph node sizes ranging …

The 2024 Nobel Prize In Physiology Or Medicine: Microrna Takes Center Stage, George A. Calin, Florent Hubé, Michael R. Ladomery, Nicholas Delihas, Manuela Ferracin, Laura Poliseno, Luca Agnelli, Suresh K. Alahari, Ai-Ming Yu, Xiao-Bo Zhong

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The Non-coding Journal Editorial Board Members would like to congratulate Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun, who were jointly awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their groundbreaking discovery of microRNAs and the role of microRNAs in post-transcriptional gene regulation, uncovering a previously unknown layer of gene control in eukaryotes [...].

The Cowl - V. 88 N. 10 - December 12, 2024

The Cowl

The Cowl - student newspaper of Providence College. Vol. 88 No. 10 - December 12, 2024. 20 pages.

Analysis Of Natural Structures And Chemical Mapping Data Reveals Local Stability Compensation In Rna, Robert L. Cornwell-Arquitt, Riley Nigh, Michael T. Hathaway, Joseph D. Yesselman, David A. Hendrix

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

RNA molecules adopt complex structures that perform essential biological functions across all forms of life, making them promising candidates for therapeutic applications. However, our ability to design new RNA structures remains limited by an incomplete understanding of their folding principles. While global metrics such as the minimum free energy are widely used, they are at odds with naturally occurring structures and incompatible with established design rules. Here, we introduce local stability compensation (LSC), a principle that RNA folding is governed by the local balance between destabilizing loops and their stabilizing adjacent stems, challenging the focus on global energetic optimization. Analysis …

Social Worker Experiences Providing Mental Health Therapy To Iowa Lgbtq+ Youth, Kathy Jochims

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

High rates of untreated mental health issues and suicidality among LGBTQ+ youth, exacerbated by isolation and rejection in rural areas, demonstrate an urgent necessity for preventive and responsive mental health care. However, access to these essential services remains limited in many rural areas. This study involved using a generic qualitative design to explore the experiences of social workers providing mental health therapy to LGBTQ+ youth in rural Iowa, and presence of cultural humility in social worker practices. The cultural humility theory was chosen as the theoretical framework. Semistructured interviews with 10 Iowa social workers were evaluated using thematic analysis. Study …

5-Substituted Flavones—Another Class Of Potent Triplex Dna-Specific Ligands As Antigene Enhancers, Landy Gu, Nghia Tran, Vanessa M. Rangel, Mandeep Singh, Krege M. Christison, Geoff P. Lin-Cereghino, Liang Xue

Pacific Faculty Work

In the field of drug development, the quest for novel compounds that bind to DNA with high affinity and specificity never ends. In the present work, we report the newest development in this field, namely, triplex DNA-specific binding ligands based on the 5-substituted flavone scaffold in our lab. Biophysical studies showed that the newly synthesized flavone derivatives (depending on the side chains) bind to triplex DNA with binding affinities better than or similar to 5-substituted 3,3′,4′,7-tetramethoxyflavonoids. These compounds selectively stabilize triplex DNA while having little effect on duplex DNA, as verified by various biophysical methods. A detailed structural analysis suggested …

Predictors Of Reported Serious Health Outcomes And Death A After Covid-19 Vaccine In The United States, Jean Amost Cadet

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

COVID-19 vaccines have been available in the United States since December 2020. However, very few studies have looked at the serious health outcomes reported by those who received a COVID-19 vaccine. Guided by the social ecological model, factors associated with reported serious health outcomes and deaths within the first 2 months after taking a COVID-19 vaccine were examined. A total of 720,210 cases from the U.S. Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System data from December 2020 to December 2022 were analyzed using multiple logistic regression and multinomial logistic regression to determine if medical conditions predict the number of reported deaths and …

Predictive Modeling And Sustainability Assessment Of Hydrothermal Liquefaction Of Seaweeds: A Techno-Economic And Life Cycle Analysis Approach, Micheal O. Asama

Mechanical Engineering Theses

This study presents comprehensive predictive models and an economic and environmental assessment of HTL for converting macroalgae into biofuels and valuable co-products. Predictive models were developed based on experimental kinetic data to simulate batch HTL of brown seaweed, capturing the yields of biocrude, gas, biochar, and water-soluble compounds as functions of key process variables, including temperature, time, pressure, and water-to-biomass ratio. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) confirmed that temperature and residence time significantly affect biocrude yield, with an optimal yield of 23% achieved at 283°C, 200 bar, 54 minutes, and a 10:1 water-to-biomass ratio. The model’s predictive accuracy was validated with …

Onycholysis In An Elderly Woman: Proposal For Treatment With Coix Seed Extract Administration, Yasuhiro Horiuchi

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: The exact etiology of onycholysis, which is characterized by the painless separation of the nail from the nail bed, remains unclear. Currently, there are no established effective treatments for this condition. Coix seed extract (C-S extract), a traditional Chinese medicine, is recognized for its various biological properties.

Case Illustration: This report describes a case of onycholysis affecting the left index finger of a 62-year-old female patient, with initial symptoms appearing three months prior. Despite ongoing internal administration of C-S extract, the patient experienced a recurrence of onycholysis on both the index finger and pinky finger of the left hand …

Systemic Antibiotic Selection In Skin And Soft Tissue Infections, Shafira Anindya Purnawan, Windy Keumala Budianti, Sandra Widaty

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Antibiotics are used in daily practice. To properly select antibiotics, it is important to pay attention to the definitive diagnosis, class of antibiotic, dose, interval, route of administration, and exact duration of use.

Discussion: The World Health Organization (WHO) categorizes antibiotics into three groups: Access, Watch, and Reserve—known as the AWaRe classification—to help guide appropriate usage and combat antibiotic resistance. The Gyssens flowchart serves as a valuable tool for clinicians to qualitatively evaluate antibiotic utilization. In skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), treatment strategies are tailored according to the characteristics of the infection, including purulence, necrosis, and overall severity. …

Predictors Of Reported Serious Health Outcomes And Death A After Covid-19 Vaccine In The United States, Jean Amost Cadet

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

COVID-19 vaccines have been available in the United States since December 2020. However, very few studies have looked at the serious health outcomes reported by those who received a COVID-19 vaccine. Guided by the social ecological model, factors associated with reported serious health outcomes and deaths within the first 2 months after taking a COVID-19 vaccine were examined. A total of 720,210 cases from the U.S. Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System data from December 2020 to December 2022 were analyzed using multiple logistic regression and multinomial logistic regression to determine if medical conditions predict the number of reported deaths and …

Social Worker Experiences Providing Mental Health Therapy To Iowa Lgbtq+ Youth, Kathy Jochims

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

High rates of untreated mental health issues and suicidality among LGBTQ+ youth, exacerbated by isolation and rejection in rural areas, demonstrate an urgent necessity for preventive and responsive mental health care. However, access to these essential services remains limited in many rural areas. This study involved using a generic qualitative design to explore the experiences of social workers providing mental health therapy to LGBTQ+ youth in rural Iowa, and presence of cultural humility in social worker practices. The cultural humility theory was chosen as the theoretical framework. Semistructured interviews with 10 Iowa social workers were evaluated using thematic analysis. Study …

Design, Synthesis, And Nmr-Guided Characterization Of A Targeted Covalent Inhibitor-Like Molecule Against Ivyp1 From P. Aeruginosa, Samuel Taylor Moore

Master's Theses

Multi-drug resistance poses a serious threat to future generations and historical antibiotic pipelines; consequently, the medical and economic burdens associated with treating multidrug-resistant bacteria are substantiated. In this context, P. aeruginosa (PA) emerges as one of the most significant healthcare challenges, being a leading cause of resistance-associated mortality worldwide. Despite modern efforts to combat these poor outcomes, drug-resistant cases continue to rise, and the need for novel antibiotic treatment is apparent. To this end, we investigated relevant resistance mechanisms and past antibiotic targets within PA, and in doing so, we identified relationships between peptidoglycan biology and a periplasmic protein, Inhibitor …

A Survey Of Several Python Libraries Foe Computational Geometry, Meghana Kolluru

Masters Projects

This project delves into computational geometry, a crucial area of computer science, by

implementing algorithms to solve geometric problems using Python libraries like Shapely, SciPy,

and Triangle. It begins with foundational tasks such as creating geometric objects (points, lines,

polygons) and performing operations like calculating distances, intersections, and unions. These

basics lay the groundwork for tackling more advanced applications.

Key implementations include the Convex Hull, which computes the smallest convex

polygon enclosing a set of points, aiding in applications like collision detection and GIS. The

project also explores Voronoi Diagrams, which partition a plane into regions based on proximity,

and …

The 2024 Nobel Prize In Physiology Or Medicine: Microrna Takes Center Stage, George A Calin, Florent Hubé, Michael R Ladomery, Nicholas Delihas, Manuela Ferracin, Laura Poliseno, Luca Agnelli, Suresh K Alahari, Ai-Ming Yu, Xiao-Bo Zhong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The Non-coding Journal Editorial Board Members would like to congratulate Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun, who were jointly awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their groundbreaking discovery of microRNAs and the role of microRNAs in post-transcriptional gene regulation, uncovering a previously unknown layer of gene control in eukaryotes [...].

Novel Spatial Approaches To Dissect The Lung Cancer Immune Microenvironment, Idania Lubo, Sharia Hernandez, Ignacio I Wistuba, Luisa Maren Solis Soto

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Lung cancer is a deadly disease with the highest rates of mortality. Over recent decades, a better understanding of the biological mechanisms implicated in its pathogenesis has led to the development of targeted therapies and immunotherapy, resulting in improvements in patient outcomes. To better understand lung cancer tumor biology and advance towards precision oncology, a comprehensive tumor profile is necessary. In recent years, novel in situ spatial multiomics approaches have emerged offering a more detailed view of the spatial location of tumor and tumor microenvironment cells, identifying their unique composition and functional status. In this sense, novel multiomics platforms have …

Estimation Of Prevalence Of Autoimmune Diseases In The United States Using Electronic Health Record Data, Aaron H. Abend, Albert M. Lai, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUNDPrevious epidemiologic studies of autoimmune diseases in the US have included a limited number of diseases or used metaanalyses that rely on different data collection methods and analyses for each disease.METHODSTo estimate the prevalence of autoimmune diseases in the US, we used electronic health record data from 6 large medical systems in the US. We developed a software program using common methodology to compute the estimated prevalence of autoimmune diseases alone and in aggregate that can be readily used by other investigators to replicate or modify the analysis over time.RESULTSOur findings indicate that over 15 million people, or 4.6% of …

Ire1Α Silences Dsrna To Prevent Taxane-Induced Pyroptosis In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, Longyong Xu, Fanglue Peng, Qin Luo, Yao Ding, Fei Yuan, Liting Zheng, Wei He, Sophie S Zhang, Xin Fu, Jin Liu, Ayse Sena Mutlu, Shuyue Wang, Ralf Bernd Nehring, Xingyu Li, Qianzi Tang, Catherine Li, Xiangdong Lv, Lacey E Dobrolecki, Weijie Zhang, Dong Han, Na Zhao, Eric Jaehnig, Jingyi Wang, Weiche Wu, Davis A Graham, Yumei Li, Rui Chen, Weiyi Peng, Yiwen Chen, Andre Catic, Zhibin Zhang, Bing Zhang, Anthony M Mustoe, Albert C Koong, George Miles, Michael T Lewis, Meng C Wang, Susan M Rosenberg, Bert W O'Malley, Thomas F Westbrook, Han Xu, Xiang H-F Zhang, C Kent Osborne, Jin Billy Li, Matthew J Ellis, Mothaffar F Rimawi, Jeffrey M Rosen, Xi Chen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Chemotherapy is often combined with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) to enhance immunotherapy responses. Despite the approval of chemo-immunotherapy in multiple human cancers, many immunologically cold tumors remain unresponsive. The mechanisms determining the immunogenicity of chemotherapy are elusive. Here, we identify the ER stress sensor IRE1α as a critical checkpoint that restricts the immunostimulatory effects of taxane-chemotherapy and prevents the innate immune recognition of immunologically cold triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). IRE1α RNase silences taxane-induced dsRNA through RIDD (Regulated IRE1-Dependent Decay) to prevent NLRP3 inflammasome–dependent pyroptosis. Inhibition of IRE1α in Trp53−/− TNBC allows taxane to induce extensive dsRNAs that are sensed …

Out-Of-Focus Signal Rejection For In Vivo Po2 Measurements Using Two-Photon Phosphorescence Lifetime Microscopy, Qi Pian, Baoqiang Li, Ikbal Şencan-Eğilmez, Xiaojun Cheng, Jay Dubb, Xinyue Huang, Buyin Fu, Srinivasa Rao Allu, Mohammad Abbas Yaseen, Anna Devor, Sergei A Vinogradov, Sava Sakadžić

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Two-photon phosphorescence lifetime microscopy has been a key tool for studying cerebral oxygenation in mice. However, the accuracy of the partial pressure of oxygen (pO

Sulfhydryl-Containing Compounds And Iron Homeostasis: Mechanisms Of Labile Iron Pool Dysregulation And Consequences For Cellular Health, Steven Lowell Mann Christiansen

Theses and Dissertations

While iron's unique coordination chemistry and redox activity have resulted in its broad incorporation into biological systems, dysfunction in key iron-regulating mechanisms can transform these biochemical advantages into factors that contribute to several pathological conditions. This dissertation explores the complex interactions between iron and sulfhydryl-containing compounds (SCCs), with particular focus on glutathione's (GSH) role in stabilizing iron reactivity juxtaposed with homocysteine's (Hcy) ability to disrupt iron homeostasis and promote disease progression. Through rigorous biochemical analysis and experimentation, we demonstrate that Hcy disrupts iron regulation through several mechanisms: (1) Hcy competitively displaces protective iron-binding molecules in the Labile Iron Pool (LIP), …

A Ravelin Outwork Uncovered In The Ottoman Fortifications Of The Old City Of ‘Akko, Joppe Gosker

'Atiqot

A small salvage excavation in ‘Akko exposed the remains of a previously unknown ravelin outwork in the counterscarp of the Ottoman-period fortifications—a previously unknown military feature—which cut through earlier Crusader and Hellenistic layers. Ravelins are known components of city fortifications in Europe from the late sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, continuing in use in the nineteenth century. In ‘Akko, it seems that the construction of the ravelin was not completed.

Volume 41-1 Complete Issue, C. Nicholas Raphael

The Geographical Bulletin

Volume 41-1 Complete Issue

Drinking Water Issues And Management In The Republic Of The Philippines, William James Smith, Jr

The Geographical Bulletin

Major drinking water issues and management schemes in the Republic of the Philippines are examined utilizing a political geographic perspective. By examining these issues and management schemes, administrators in developing countries, such as the Philippines, can provide more effective drinking water management for their citizens. Effective drinking water management is an essential building block in the foundation of sustainable development. This type of socio-political and economic research demonstrates the importance of equity in "safe" drinking water distribution, and the value of watershedbased and integrated natural resource management. The importance of recognizing the provision of safe drinking water as a human …

Book Review: Ai [Artificial Intelligence] Fundamentals For Business Leaders, Eya Mahouachi

The Journal of Values-Based Leadership

Artificial Intelligence Fundamentals for Business Leaders: Up to Date with Generative AI (Byte-sized Learning Book 1) is a recent book in a series of four on Artificial Intelligence. It is authored by I. Almeida, the Chief Transformation Officer at Now Next Later AI, an AI advisory, training, and publishing business that supports organizations with their AI strategy, transformation, and governance.

This book is organized around understanding AI, Data and Data Management, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Model Selection and Evaluation, and Generative AI. The last chapter incorporates an assignment for leaders. This book employs an effective approach to help readers grasp …

The Leadership Identity Presented On Linkedin, Carl L. Tolbert

The Journal of Values-Based Leadership

LinkedIn has evolved in a way similar to other social media platforms but is unique in that it focuses on professional networking and careers. Many professionals seek to showcase their leadership skills and philosophies as part of a publicly showcased online persona. This paper aimed to examine the posts specific to leadership and thematically investigate presentation strategies, motivation, and purposes behind the posts. The paper begins with a historical review from the inception of LinkedIn through pivotal milestones in the history of the company. Key concepts from the literature are then reviewed specific to social media use and motivations behind …

Kitkats And Boiling Kettles: Understanding Reciprocal Relationships In The Workplace, Gavin Mason, Garry Nicholson

The Journal of Values-Based Leadership

Often referred to as a law, principle, norm or rule, reciprocity can be defined as a state or condition of free interchange or mutual responsiveness. This paper considers the importance of reciprocity in organisational settings, whilst identifying three reciprocal exchange behaviours of which leaders should be aware. A Socratic dialogue using the Nelson/Heckmann approach is adopted as a research method, with the primary methodological concern being that of the axiological field of philosophy. Axiology deals with the nature of value and asks what is intrinsically worthwhile. This can lead to multiple questions about what we value in an organisational context. …

Leadership Ethics As A Political Instrument – Normative Challenges Of Global Chinese Expansion For Western Enterprise Cultures, Elmar Nass

The Journal of Values-Based Leadership

Chinese enterprises with a global focus are emerging as strong competitors in the international market while simultaneously acquiring foreign companies or substantial stakes in them. Distinct leadership paradigms intersect during interactions or within change processes under Chinese influence, significantly impacting goals, strategies, and actions in leadership culture. Chinese businesses are exporting a leadership culture previously unknown in the West. Its ideal follows the large-scale cultural policy of Sinicization, promulgated by state and party leader Xi Jinping. As an ideal model of Sinicized leadership, it is rooted in Sino-Marxist values and infused with Confucian and market-oriented elements. This article deciphers the …

Comparison Of Machine Learning Packages In R: An Application With Open Dataset, Daniel O. Oyeniran

Chinese/English Journal of Educational Measurement and Evaluation | 教育测量与评估双语期刊

Machine learning has become a prominent approach for prediction in many fields of endeavor, including education. Python and R have become leading software while different packages have been developed for the purpose of carrying out machine learning analysis with differences in functions in R. This paper explored the functional and empirical differences of two major machine learning packages in R to estimate metrics. This comparative study provides a comprehensive guide for leveraging machine learning packages in R, facilitating informed decision-making, and advancing the adoption of effective methodologies in data-driven research and application. Findings in this study ensure that researchers make …

Review Exploring Sperm Morphological: World Health Organization Vs. Kruger Strict Criteria, Talal Z. Al-Darawsha

Al-Ameed Journal for Medical Research and Health Sciences

Sperm morphology, the study of the size, shape, and appearance of sperm cells, is vital in evaluating male fertility. This assessment has evolved through decades of research, beginning in the 1930s with foundational classification systems by Cary and Moench.

A significant advancement came in the late 1980s with the Kruger strict criteria, which standardized sperm morphology evaluation using high-magnification microscopy and advanced staining, supported by the WHO.

This standardization is crucial in diagnosing male infertility and optimizing treatment strategies. In assisted reproduction technologies like IVF and ICSI, normal sperm morphology is essential for predicting fertilization potential and successful pregnancy outcomes. …