Digital Commons Network^™

– Foreign Body Ingestion In Children(<12 Years) At A Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Cohort Study Studying Role Of Socioeconomic Status And Parental Supervision., Khyati Gupta, Gargi Rekhawar, Anisha Jain, Vishal D. Sawant, Sushma Save

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background- Foreign body ingestion is a long-standing problem concerning pediatric population. We aim to evaluate the correlation between the median time interval between ingestion of foreign body and arrival to the hospital with socioeconomic factors, effect of parental supervision and number of children in the family. We also aim to find out the deciding factors for proper selection of method of removal of ingested foreign bodies.

Methods- The data was collected from patient’s admission files, medical and endoscopic records. Chi-square test was used to calculate the corelation of time since ingestion with the socioeconomic status of family, method of removal …

Assessing Discharge Knowledge For Caregivers Of Newborn (Using Video Discharge Instructions As An Adjunct To Standard Written Instructions) In Covid Period – A Randomized Controlled Trial, Jayesh Yadav, Khyati Gupta, Vishal D. Sawant

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background: Studies have demonstrated that caregivers of newborn frequently face challenges in comprehending the instructions provided to them upon discharge. Video discharge instructions provide a clear and concise message and can potentially alleviate factors which have an impact on comprehension of caregivers like illiteracy, communication barriers and limited physician time. We aim to assess the impact of incorporating video-based discharge instructions on caregivers' comprehension of newborn care and post-discharge follow-up, specifically in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Caregivers of newborn in the COVID times were randomized into written only and written with video discharge instruction groups; …

Comparison Of Empathy And Compassion Fatigue Among Mental Health And Non-Mental Health Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study, Fathima Fiza K T, Anil Kakunje, Ashwini Dinkar

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background:

Empathy refers to the ability to understand and comprehend others' thoughts and emotions as if it's their own, evoked by witnessing and connecting to the other person’s emotional state. Compassion fatigue, a consequence of an empathetic reaction, is the mental and physical tiredness resulting from being a witness to the suffering of others. It can result in negative consequences ultimately affecting the quality of treatment. The purpose of the study was to compare the level of empathy and compassion fatigue among mental health, and non-mental health professionals.

Methods

A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted over one year using 88 …

A Previous Thyroidectomy- The Culprit Of Laryngospasm Several Years On!, Vyshnavi Sriram, Ashwini N, Chillara Meena

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Laryngospasm is the sustained closure of the vocal cords resulting in partial or complete loss of airway patency. Among the several causes of laryngospasm, history of total thyroidectomy performed several years back, though reported, is a rare occurrence. We present here the case report of a lady with an uneventful intra operative course of a laparoscopic cholecystectomy who developed stridor and laryngospasm in the immediate post operative period. Evaluation revealed unilateral vocal cord palsy and hypocalcemia. Compensated unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and asymptomatic hypocalcemia can exist in patients who have undergone total thyroidectomy and can result in stridor several …

Augustinian Composition Pedagogy And The Catholic Liberal Arts In The Time Of Generative Ai, Gavin F. Hurley

Journal of Catholic Education

This article proposes a theoretical basis of Augustinian composition pedagogy by tracing the symbiotic relationship between writing and knowing found within St. Augustine’s Letters, The Trinity, Soliloquies, and Confessions and connecting them to modern writing-to-learn composition pedagogies. Given today’s trying times of generative AI, this article argues that Catholic schools revitalize the writing arts in a manner proposed by Augustine—that is, to enrich inward contemplation and outward love for others. In embracing such philosophy of writing and applying it across the disciplines, Catholic schools can enrich their distinctively Catholic liberal arts mission—and ward off dangers found in …

The Sound Of Silence: The Significance Of Nurturing Spirituality, Self-Transformation, And Academic Excellence In Augustinian Schools, William R. Driscoll

Journal of Catholic Education

This article examines silent reflection within the context of Augustinian Catholic schools. Tracing the rich lineage of Augustinian spirituality, it explores how cultivating interiority serves as a transformative practice that fosters spiritual growth, nourishes a deeper understanding of self and others, and compliments academic inquiry. Through a synthesis of theological, educational, and psychological perspectives, this article illuminates the multifaceted benefits of integrating silent reflection into the educational ethos of Catholic schools. Emic descriptions from students, teachers, and leaders provided insights into silent reflection programming designed to enrich the holistic development of students.

The Model Of Desire And Fear As An Invariant In Literature, Melake Agasaf Elyasova-Rajabova

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The issue of the projection of the desire and fear model in literature is analyzed from different perspectives in this research. Desire and fear along with forming a dichotomy together, complement each other. Sometimes the feeling of fear turns into a barrier in front of the feeling of desire, whereas, the feeling of fear sometimes saves him (her) from taking some wrong steps. Humans are born as biological beings, but they are formed as social beings. Each person is formed through the relationship between the individual and society; he acts taking into account the stereotypes of the society - the …

Women And Peace Theory And Civil Conflict Intensity, Byung-Deuk Woo, Hoshik Nam

Research, Publications & Creative Work

Do improved women’s descriptive representation in legislative branches and women’s participation in civil society decrease the intensity of civil conflicts? Is the impact of women’s presence in legislative branches on the conflict intensity magnified by women’s participation in civil society, and vice versa? In this study, we aim to expand the constructivist argument that equal gender roles in politics and civil society can bring about less intensive internal armed conflicts. Relying on time-series cross-national data on 151 countries from 1960 to 2016, we demonstrate that the increases in women’s descriptive representation in parliaments and women’s participation in civil society tend …

The Effectiveness Of Imagery Use In Motivating Physical Activity And Exercise, Karol Nedza

School of Psychology Theses

The research detailed across these chapters provides a comprehensive exploration of the multifaceted interplay between mental imagery, motivation, and physical activity. The global inactivity levels and their consequences for economic, health and social domains is at this point well documented. Despite the number of interventions and approaches, inactivity is steadily increasing annually. This thesis encompasses the effects of mental imagery in shaping behaviour, the diverse applications of mental imagery in sports and health-related behaviour change, and the emergence of Functional Imagery Training (FIT) as a powerful approach. FIT is discussed as a versatile tool for promoting behaviour change, grounded in …

The Design And Implementation Of Group Based Functional Imagery Training For Weight Loss., Sarah O'Rourke

School of Psychology Theses

Background: FIT is a counselling style intervention that uses motivational interviewing and mental imagery to increase intrinsic motivation and helps people to work towards their goals. FIT has demonstrated merit on a 1:1 basis with people who want to lose weight. However, 1:1 counselling can be costly and time-consuming for healthcare settings and lacks the potential benefits group interventions could provide such as peer support. One aim of this research was to develop, refine and evaluate a version of FIT tailored to group delivery. Alongside this, implementation was attempted with public and private healthcare practitioners as well as a local …

The Relationship And Interaction Process Of Taiwanese Couples Having Undergone Assisted Reproductive Technology- A Systemic Perspective, Yu-Chieh Liu

School of Psychology Theses

Approximately 10-15% of married couples in Taiwan encounter the challenge of infertility, which significantly impacts their lives and relationships. However, the nature and extent of this impact vary across different social and cultural contexts. Recognising the complex and wide-ranging nature of infertility issues, integrated interventions have emerged as a novel approach to assist infertile couples effectively. Drawing upon Helms et al.'s (2011) modified three-level model of marriage, Huston's model, and Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory (1986), a comprehensive framework is constructed within this thesis to explore various aspects of infertile couples' experiences in Taiwan as they are undergoing assisted reproductive technology …

Professional Development In Gifted Education: A Systematic Literature Review, Geraldine Townend, Jennifer L. Jolly, Adrian W. Chew

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

This systematic literature review explored the importance of professional development (PD) for educators working with gifted students. Findings highlighted the need for PD to improve teacher knowledge, skills, efficacy, and student outcomes, especially considering the heterogeneously grouped classrooms, unique student needs, and lack of pre-service gifted education training for most teachers. The review identified key themes including PD evaluation, teacher perceptions, and pedagogical practices. The findings suggested that effective PD programs should (a) enhance knowledge and classroom practice, (b) be evidence-based, (c) consider both teacher and student outcomes, (d) be of sustained duration, and (e) include collaborative activities with ongoing …

Perceptions Towards Integrating A Gender Perspective Into Education: A Study Of Muslim Preservice Teachers In The Philippines, Veronico N. Tarrayo, Ma. Annie Susaya, Delma A. Yuarata

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

: To date, studies exploring Muslim preservice teachers’ views on gender matters in education remain scant. We conducted a qualitative-quantitative survey with 45 Filipino Muslim preservice teachers, ten of whom participated in follow-up email interviews, to explore their perceptions towards integrating a gender perspective into education. The results indicate the participants’ progressive views on fluid gender norms, although they also share conflicting perspectives on gender roles that tend to reinforce gender stereotypes. The preservice teachers also report positive perceptions concerning their institutions’ commitment to gender sensitivity and gender mainstreaming in teacher-education curricula. However, they seem to have unrealistic views on …

The Emotional Side Of Teaching Conceptions: Exploring The Relationship Between Conceptions Of Teaching And Teacher Burnout, Well-Being, And Resilience, Marc Clarà, Alba Vallés, Sílvia Cavalcante, Aina Franch, Jordi Coiduras, Patricia Silva, Nick Kelly, Tatiana López, Priscila Marchán, Bárbara Padula

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

This paper investigates the relationship between teachers’ conceptions of teaching and several indicators of their emotional experience. With a sample of 200 teachers, the study identifies three dimensions of teaching conceptions, “student-centeredness,” “educational purpose,” and “projection into the future.” Statistical analysis revealed that student-centeredness is negatively correlated with teachers’ resilience and well-being. Additionally, we found that well-being and sense of personal accomplishment are significantly lower, and depersonalization significantly higher, when the educational purpose is psychosocial learning as opposed to academic learning. We also found some differences in conceptions of teaching among different countries and among different educational levels. These results …

Music And Perceived Stress: An Investigation Into The Effects Of Music On Chemistry Students' Perceived Stress Levels, Alice Young, Eric Malina

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

Music has long been a prevalent intervention when trying to lower stress in certain populations (Thoma et al., 2013). This study aimed to explore the possible usefulness of music as an intervention for students experiencing stress in the chemistry laboratory setting. Students in general chemistry laboratories were surveyed regarding their stress at the ends of periods in which music was or was not played in their laboratory classes. While the results were not statistically significant, mean stress scores did lower in those groups where music was played. Further research into this topic should focus on type of music, the effects …

Immersive Storytelling As A Technology, A Practice, And An Experience, Nick Bowman, Lyndsay Gratch, Dan Pacheco, Tamara Makana Chock

Media Studies - All Scholarship

This thematic issue explores the transformative potential and challenges of immersive storytelling through extended technologies. While these technologies have been hailed as potential “empathy machines” that will encourage perspective-taking and understanding of others, they have also been critiqued for being distracting or engaging in identity tourism. Essays in this collection further demonstrated the complexities of extended reality storytelling. Collectively, these essays reflect ongoing dialogues about the efficacy of extended reality in conveying meaningful narratives, urging a nuanced understanding of technology’s role in storytelling. This collection serves as a catalyst for future explorations into where and how to craft immersive narratives …

Analysis Of Mushroom Consumption And Its Determinants In Ghana, Saani Nassam Iddrisu, Akwasi Akwasi Mensah-Bonsu, Irene Susana Egyir

All Rsif Scholars' Publications

Mushroom cultivation in Ghana has gained some modest success due to increased consumption especially by urban dwellers. However, commercial cultivation is still low in the country. The conception of this study is that higher levels of mushroom consumption will boost production in the country. The study analysed mushroom consumption and its influencing factors in Ghana. A multi stage sampling technique was used to collect data from 550 households. The data was collected using a well-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and ordered probit model were used to analyze the frequency of mushroom consumption and the determinants of mushroom consumption respectively. The results …

Pain Management For Post-Treatment Survivors Of Complex Cancers: A Qualitative Study Of Opioids And Cannabis, Beatriz Currier

All Publications

Aim: We aimed to understand experiences with opioids and cannabis for post-treatment cancer survivors. Patients & methods: We conducted seven focus groups among head and neck and lung cancer survivors, using standard qualitative methodology to explore themes around 1) post-treatment pain and 2) utilization, perceived benefits and perceived harms of cannabis and opioids. Results & conclusion: Survivors (N = 25) experienced addiction fears, stigma and access challenges for both products. Opioids were often perceived as critical for severe pain. Cannabis reduced pain and anxiety for many survivors, suggesting that anxiety screening, as recommended in guidelines, would improve traditional pain assessment. …

Ginkgo Biloba For Tardive Dyskinesia And Plasma Mnsod Activity: Association With Mnsod Ala-9val Variant: A Randomized, Double-Blind Trial, Dongmei Wang, Yang Tian, Jiajing Chen, Rongrong Zhu, Jiaxin Li, Huixia Zhou, Dachun Chen, Li Wang, Thomas R Kosten, Xiang-Yang Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Excessive free radicals are implicated in the pathophysiology of tardive dyskinesia (TD), and Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761) scavenges free radicals, thereby enhancing antioxidant enzymes such as mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). This study examined whether EGb761 treatment would improve TD symptoms and increase MnSOD activity, particularly in TD patients with specific MnSOD Val-9Ala genotype.

Methods: An EGb761 (240 mg/day) 12-week double-blind clinical trial with 157 TD patients was randomized. The severity of TD was measured by the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) and plasma MnSOD activity was assayed before and after 12 weeks of treatment. Further, in an expanded …

Management Of Depression/Anxiety In Patients With Chronic Liver Disease, Mauro Garcia-Altieri, Keila Carrera-Mejias, Ruben Hernaez

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

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Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance May Be Associated With Potential Psychological Harms In Patients With Cirrhosis, Manasa Narasimman, Ruben Hernaez, Vanessa Cerda, Minjae Lee, Anubha Sood, Sruthi Yekkaluri, Aisha Khan, Lisa Quirk, Yan Liu, Jennifer R Kramer, Simon Craddock Lee, Caitlin C Murphy, Jasmin A Tiro, Amit G Singal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background and aims: The value of HCC surveillance is determined by the balance between benefits and harms; however, no studies have enumerated psychological harms.

Approach and results: We fielded surveys measuring psychological harms to patients with cirrhosis in a multicenter randomized trial of HCC surveillance outreach. All patients with positive or indeterminate surveillance results and matched patients with negative results were invited to complete surveys measuring (1) depression through the Patient Health Questionnaire-ninth version, (2) anxiety through State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, (3) HCC-specific worry through Psychological Consequences Questionnaire, and (4) decisional regret. Patients were classified into 4 groups: true positive (TP), …

Causes Of Police Officer Career Apprehension Following George Floyd, Michael T. Rossler, Charles Scheer

Faculty Publications - Criminal Justice Sciences

Police workforce retention has become a persistent managerial concern. The public response to recent events of police misconduct have fueled the perception that police may be seeking other career paths following the murder of George Floyd in 2020. Despite growing evidence, current research has been unable to ascertain what conditions may prompt officers to voluntarily separate from police work following Floyd’s murder, or whether the impact varies across demographic groups. Drawing upon a survey of over 600 police officers across eight police departments in the United States, the current inquiry examines what percent of officers reported reconsidering their career following …

How Users' Perceptions Of Friends' Content Influence Their "Annoyance" After Viewing Facebook Posts, Mai-Ly N Steers, Robert E Wickham, Olivia M Tabaczyk, Chelsie M Young, Michelle C Quist, Lindsey B Eikenburg, Jennifer L Bryan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Social media posts may elicit strong, instantaneous feelings of irritation, or "annoyance." The current experiment investigated how participants' ratings of Facebook posts and their levels of closeness to the poster impacted these feelings. Respondents (N = 476) were asked to rate how irrelevant, inappropriate, mundane, and annoying Facebook posts from an imagined close friend, moderately close friend, and acquaintance were. A cross-classified, Bayesian structural equation model determined the unique contributions at the rater level, target level, and the distinct combination of rater and target at the within level. At the within level, results suggested irrelevance, mundaneness, and inappropriateness of posts …

Growing Up Sustainable? Politics Of Race And Youth In Urbanplan, Copenhagen, Max Ritts, Rebecca Rutt

Geography

This paper considers how racialized youth in Denmark negotiate sustainability amid contexts marked by intersecting forms of economic restructuring, progressive neoliberalism, white ethno-nationalism, and green urban planning. Urbanplan is a low-income, notoriously “troubled” Copenhagen neighborhood where we conducted fieldwork for 7 months (2019-2020) with fifteen male youth, aged 17-21. Using ethnography, policy reviews, and interviews with city social workers, we explore how intimate experiences of nature, group-identity, and place attachment here relate to and depart from the structural forces actively reshaping the neighborhood. Our analysis combines Cindi Katz's intersectional political economy approach with recent work on green gentrification, Critical Utopian …

Cigarette Smoking Behaviors And Nicotine Dependence At The Intersection Of Sexual Identity And Sex In The United States: Findings From The National Survey On Drug Use And Health, Ollie Ganz, Jonathan A. Schulz, Sarah J. Ehlke, Jessica L. King Jensen, Andrea C. Villanti

Psychology Faculty Publications

Introduction: Cigarette smoking is disproportionately high among lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) adults. Yet, collapsing these identities into a monolith can disguise important within group disparities (e.g., lesbian/gay versus bisexual female). The purpose of this study is to report recent national prevalence estimates and trends of cigarette smoking behaviors and nicotine dependence by sexual identity and sex. Methods: Data were from the 2015–2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (n = 210,392; adults 18+), a nationally representative, repeated cross-sectional study of substance use and mental health in the U.S. We examined bivariate and multivariable associations between sexual identity and …

Leadership And Environmental Sustainability: An Integrative Conceptual Model Of Multilevel Antecedents And Consequences Of Leader Green Behavior, Hannes Zacher, Clara Kühner, Ian M. Katz, Cort W. Rudolph

Psychology Faculty Publications

Environmental sustainability is a strategic and ethical imperative for organizations, and numerous studies have investigated associations between leadership and employee pro-environmental or “green” behavior. However, these studies have typically focused on leadership styles that conflate leader behavior with its assumed antecedents or consequences. Moreover, the literature on relations between leadership and environmental sustainability constructs is fragmented and in need of systematic integration to effectively guide future research and practice. Accordingly, we pursue three goals in this conceptual paper. First, after a brief review of key insights from extant theoretical and empirical research, we define leadership in the context of environmental …

Assessment Of Simultaneous Alcohol And Cannabis Use And Its Related Consequences And Cognitions In College Students: A Narrative Review, Jennifer L. Shipley, Abby L. Braitman

Psychology Faculty Publications

As rates of students using cannabis continue to rise, simultaneous use of alcohol and cannabis (such that their effects overlap; commonly referred to as simultaneous alcohol and marijuana [SAM] use) is prevalent among college students who use both substances. Although research focusing on SAM use and related cognitions and consequences continues to grow, there are no common established measures, as approaches vary across studies. This narrative review identifies current methods for assessing SAM use and measures of SAM-related consequences and cognitions (motives and expectancies) among college students, evaluates how they were developed, identifies gaps in the literature, and provides recommendations …

Meaningful Consumption, Aditya Gupta, Meike Eilert, James W. Gentry

Faculty Publications – Marketing

While consumers frequently seek meaning through their marketplace interactions, a comprehensive understanding of meaningful consumption is conspicuously absent from marketing literature. Such insight would notably benefit macromarketing scholars who aim to evaluate the implications of consumer purchasing decisions on quality of life. Addressing this gap, our study employs 40 in-depth interviews to arrive at the phenomenological essence of meaningful consumption. We discover that meaningful consumption comprises three key themes—rejuvenation, expansion, and consolidation—accompanied by seven related sub-themes: repair and reconnection; intellectual, pragmatic, and relational expansion; and crystallization and contextualization. Our overarching framework enriches macromarketing theory by virtue of its ability to …

An Ewas Of Dementia Biomarkers And Their Associations With Age, African Ancestry, And Ptsd, Mark W. Miller, Erika J. Wolf, Xiang Zhao, Mark W. Logue, Sage E. Hawn

Psychology Faculty Publications

Background

Large-scale cohort and epidemiological studies suggest that PTSD confers risk for dementia in later life but the biological mechanisms underlying this association remain unknown. This study examined this question by assessing the influences of PTSD, APOE ε4 genotypes, DNA methylation, and other variables on the age- and dementia-associated biomarkers Aβ40, Aβ42, GFAP, NfL, and pTau-181 measured in plasma. Our primary hypothesis was that PTSD would be associated with elevated levels of these markers.

Methods

Analyses were based on data from a PTSD-enriched cohort of 849 individuals. We began by performing factor analyses of the biomarkers, the results of which …

Mental Workload Modulates The Effects Of Baroreceptor Afferents On Sensorimotor Processing, Xiao Yang, Katie Herberlein, Anthony Reid, Dongfang Jiao, Fang Fang

Psychology Faculty Publications

The heart–brain interaction is the main mechanism for maintaining normative physiological processes, and its dysregulation underlies the somatic symptoms of various mental disorders. Cortical inhibition, triggered by afferent signals from baroreceptor activation, induces systematic variations in sensorimotor responses within a cardiac cycle, with reaction times (RTs) slower at cardiac systole compared to diastole (known as cardiac cycle time effects). However, recent data suggest that baroreceptor afferents not only inhibit simple responses but also facilitate complex sensorimotor responses during cardiac systole. The mental workload that is implicated in complex responses may modulate the cardiac cycle time effects. The current study aimed …