Digital Commons Network^™

Eastern Australian Farmers Managing And Thinking Differently: Innovative Adaptation Cycles, David K. Mckenzie, Janine Joyce, Kerstin K. Zander, Penelope A.S. Wurm, Kim M. Caudwell

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The uncertainty of climate change is a significant challenge prompting Australian farmers to create different thinking and different management systems that ensure sustained farm business viability and continuity, particularly in extreme environments. The purpose of this study was to explore the conditions and adaptive processes for managing farm resilience and cyclic adaptation pathways, in response to climate change. A positive deviance sample of farmers was interviewed, and data was collected from a cohort of twenty-two climate change innovators across Eastern Australia. Grounded theory analysis of data identified three processes and two transactional maps of climate change adaptation, in this under …

The Experiential Salience Of Music In Identity For Singing Teachers, Melissa Forbes, Jason Goopy, Amanda E. Krause

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Professional musicians with strong identities in music may also have a high degree of music in their identities. Accordingly, a rigid identification with work may be problematic for musicians, particularly when forces beyond their control change their work circumstances. In this study, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 10 singing teachers, representing a subset of professional musicians, and used interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) to explore the ways in which they enacted music in their identities. The framework of musical identities in action was used to interpret the findings, revealing the dynamic, embodied, and situated complexity of music in participants’ identities. Music …

Maximal Number Of Repetitions At Percentages Of The One Repetition Maximum: A Meta-Regression And Moderator Analysis Of Sex, Age, Training Status, And Exercise, James L. Nuzzo, Matheus D. Pinto, Kazunori Nosaka, James Steele

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The maximal number of repetitions that can be completed at various percentages of the one repetition maximum (1RM) [REPS ~ %1RM relationship] is foundational knowledge in resistance exercise programming. The current REPS ~ %1RM relationship is based on few studies and has not incorporated uncertainty into estimations or accounted for between-individuals variation. Therefore, we conducted a meta-regression to estimate the mean and between-individuals standard deviation of the number of repetitions that can be completed at various percentages of 1RM. We also explored if the REPS ~ %1RM relationship is moderated by sex, age, training status, and/or exercise. A total of …

Feminist Evaluation Using Feminist Participatory Action Research: Guiding Principles And Practices, Kaisha Crupi, Naomi Joy Godden

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

There is a lack of instructional literature on how to conduct a feminist evaluation to highlight and transform systemic issues in gendered and intersecting power relations. Feminist Participatory Action Research (FPAR) enables a process for conducting community-driven, -led and -owned feminist evaluations that drive social justice actions. By undertaking a critical review of existing literature, this article presents guiding principles and practices in how to conduct a feminist evaluation using FPAR. These principles and practices provide a framework for those who are seeking an evidence base for transformative social justice action in communities, particularly those who are working with complexity …

Children And Young People’S Participation In Decision-Making Within Healthcare Organisations In New Zealand: An Integrative Review, Mandie Foster, Julie Blamires, Chris Moir, Virginia Jones, Jagamaya Shrestha-Ranjit, Brie Fenton, Annette Dickinson

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

There is a paucity of literature on children and young people’s participation in decision-making within healthcare organisations in New Zealand. This integrative review examined child self-reported peer-reviewed manuscripts and published guidelines, policy, reviews, expert opinion and legislation to explore how New Zealand children and young people participate in discussions and decision-making processes within healthcare settings and what are barriers and benefits to such participation. Four child self-reported peer-reviewed manuscripts and twelve expert opinion documents were retrieved from four electronic databases including academic, government and institutional websites. Inductive content thematic analysis generated one theme (a discourse in children and young people’s …

The Allergen Profile Of Two Edible Insect Species—Acheta Domesticus And Hermetia Illucens, Shaymaviswanathan Karnaneedi, Elecia B. Johnston, Utpal Bose, Angéla Juhász, James A. Broadbent, Thimo Ruethers, Emily M. Jerry, Sandip D. Kamath, Vachiranee Limviphuvadh, Sally Stockwell, Keren Byrne, Dean Clarke, Michelle L. Colgrave, Sebastian Maurer-Stroh, Andreas L. Lopata

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Scope: Edible insect proteins are increasingly introduced as an alternative sustainable food source to address the world's need to feed the growing population. Tropomyosin is the main insect allergen; however, additional potential allergens are not well characterized and the impact of extraction procedures on immunological reactivity is unknown. Methods and results: Proteins from different commercial food products derived from cricket (Acheta domesticus) and black soldier fly (BSF) (Hermetia illucens) are extracted using five different extraction buffers. The proteins are analyzed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting using allergen-specific antibodies and crustacean allergic patient sera. IgE binding bands are analyzed by mass spectrometry …

The Impact Of Mandated Use Early Warning System Tools On The Development Of Nurses' Higher-Order Thinking: A Systematic Review, Tracy Flenady, Justine Connor, Amy Louise Byrne, Deb Massey, Marie Danielle Le Lagadec

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Aim: Ascertain the impact of mandated use of early warning systems (EWSs) on the development of registered nurses' higher-order thinking. Design: A systematic literature review was conducted, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and checklist (Page et al., 2021). Data Sources: CINAHL, Medline, Embase, PyscInfo. Review Methods: Eligible articles were quality appraised using the MMAT tool. Data extraction was conducted independently by four reviewers. Three investigators thematically analysed the data. Results: Our review found that EWSs can support or suppress the development of nurses' higher-order thinking. EWS supports the development of higher-order thinking in two …

Factors Associated With Never Treatment And Acceptability Of Mass Drug Administration For The Elimination Of Lymphatic Filariasis In Guyana, 2021, Claudia Duguay, Reza A. Niles-Robin, Charles R. Thickstun, Horace Cox, Annastacia Sampson, Jean Seme-Fils Alexandre, Nathely Caleb-Mars, Charles W. Goss, Ana Morice, Ronaldo G. Carvalho Scholte, Alison Krentel

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Guyana remains one of four countries in the Americas endemic for lymphatic filariasis (LF). Elimination of LF requires repeated annual mass drug administration (MDA) with sufficient levels of coverage for success. This study assesses the acceptability and never treatment of LF MDA using data from a routine assessment survey in 2021. A subset of individuals, over 20 years of age (n = 2498), were selected to receive an expanded questionnaire to examine factors associated with acceptability and never treatment. Assessed factors include respondent demographics, knowledge, risk perceptions of LF, and opinions on the MDA programme. The majority (73%) of those …

Health System Barriers To Hypertension Care In Peru: Rapid Assessment To Inform Organizational-Level Change, Kendra N. Williams, Lindsay J. Underhill, Lisa De Las Fuentes, Elvin H. Geng, Victor G. Davila-Roman, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Traditional patient- and provider-level hypertension interventions have proven insufficient to halt hypertension as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Systems-level interventions are required to address factors challenging hypertension control across a social ecological framework, an under-studied topic particularly salient in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as Peru. To inform such interventions, we sought to identify key health systems barriers to hypertension care in Puno, Peru. A participatory stakeholder workshop (October 2021) and 21 in-depth interviews (October 2021-March 2022) were conducted with 55 healthcare professionals (i.e., doctors, nurses, midwives, dentists, nutritionists), followed by a deductive qualitative analysis of …

How Users' Perceptions Of Friends' Content Influence Their "Annoyance" After Viewing Facebook Posts, Chelsie M Young, Michelle C Quist, Lindsey B Eikenburg, Jennifer L Bryan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Social media posts may elicit strong, instantaneous feelings of irritation, or "annoyance." The current experiment investigated how participants' ratings of Facebook posts and their levels of closeness to the poster impacted these feelings. Respondents (N = 476) were asked to rate how irrelevant, inappropriate, mundane, and annoying Facebook posts from an imagined close friend, moderately close friend, and acquaintance were. A cross-classified, Bayesian structural equation model determined the unique contributions at the rater level, target level, and the distinct combination of rater and target at the within level. At the within level, results suggested irrelevance, mundaneness, and inappropriateness of posts …

Variability In Chest Radiology Interpretation Between Thoracic And Non-Thoracic Radiologists: Implications For Pulmonary Fibrosis Care, Armando Bedoya, Robert M Tighe, Bhavika Kaul

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Racial Disparities In Thoracic Aortic Surgery: Myth Or Reality?, Katherine Simpson, Lorraine Cornwell, Sydney Schmitt, Hiruni S Amarasekara, Scott A Lemaire, Joseph S Coselli

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: We examined the relationship between Black or White race and adverse outcomes in patients who underwent surgery of the ascending aorta, aortic root, or aortic arch at our center.

Methods: We analyzed 2335 consecutive patients who identified as Black (n = 217, 9.3%) or White (n = 2118, 90.7%) and underwent proximal aortic surgery. Patient zip codes were used to determine community socioeconomic (CSE) characteristics. The composite adverse outcome comprised mortality, persistent neurologic injury, and renal failure necessitating dialysis at discharge. We performed multivariable analysis, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and propensity score matching adjusted for CSE factors.

Results: Median follow-up time …

Collaborative Care Intervention For Individuals With Severe Mental Illness: The Partners2 Programme Including Complex Intervention Development And Cluster Rct, Humera Plappert, Richard Byng, Siobhan Theresa Reilly, Charley Hobson-Merrett, Jon Allard, Elina Baker, Nicky Britten, Melanie Calvert, Michael Clark, Siobhan Creanor, Linda Davies, Rebecca Denyer, Julia Frost, Linda Gask, Bliss Gibbons, John Gibson, Laura Gill, Ruth Gwernan-Jones, Joanne Hosking, Peter Huxley, Alison Jeffery, Benjamin Jones, Tom Keeley, Richard Laugharne, Steven Marwaha, Claire Planner, Tim Rawcliffe, Ameeta Retzer, Debra Richards, Ruth Sayers

Peninsula Medical School

Background and aims: Individuals living with severe mental illness such as schizophrenia and bipolar can have significant emotional, cognitive, physical and social challenges. Most people with severe mental illness in the United Kingdom do not receive specialist mental health care. Collaborative care is a system of support that combines clinical and organisational components to provide integrated and person-centred care. It has not been tested for severe mental illness in the United Kingdom. We aimed to develop and evaluate a primary care-based collaborative care model (PARTNERS) designed to improve quality of life for people with diagnoses of schizophrenia, bipolar or other …

Data-Driven Communicative Behaviour Generation: A Survey, Nurziya Oralbayeva, Amir Aly, Anara Sandygulova, Tony Belpaeme

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

The development of data-driven behaviour generating systems has recently become the focus of considerable attention in the fields of human–agent interaction and human–robot interaction. Although rule-based approaches were dominant for years, these proved inflexible and expensive to develop. The difficulty of developing production rules, as well as the need for manual configuration to generate artificial behaviours, places a limit on how complex and diverse rule-based behaviours can be. In contrast, actual human–human interaction data collected using tracking and recording devices makes humanlike multimodal co-speech behaviour generation possible using machine learning and specifically, in recent years, deep learning. This survey provides …

Training Needs For Staff Providing Remote Services In General Practice: A Mixed-Methods Study, Trisha Greenhalgh, Rebecca Payne, Nina Hemmings, Helen Leach, Isabel Hanson, Anwar Khan, Lisa Miller, Emma Ladds, Aileen Clarke, Sara E. Shaw, Francesca Dakin, Sietse Wieringa, Sarah Rybczynska-Bunt, Stuart D. Faulkner, Richard Byng, Asli Kalin, Lucy Moore, Joseph Wherton, Laiba Husain, Rebecca Rosen

Peninsula Medical School

Background Contemporary general practice includes many kinds of remote encounter. The rise in telephone, video and online modalities for triage and clinical care requires clinicians and support staff to be trained, both individually and as teams, but evidence-based competencies have not previously been produced for general practice. Aim To identify training needs, core competencies, and learning methods for staff providing remote encounters. Design and setting Mixed-methods study in UK general practice. Method Data were collated from longitudinal ethnographic case studies of 12 general practices; a multi-stakeholder workshop; interviews with policymakers, training providers, and trainees; published research; and grey literature (such …

Lessons Learned: Facilitating A Health And Wellness Intervention For Frontline Child Welfare Workers During Covid-19, Kara Haughtigan, Austin Griffiths, Kim Link, Oliver Beer, Lindsey Powell

School of Health Professions

Child maltreatment is one of the nation’s most significant public health concerns. The estimated annual economic burden of child maltreatment in the United States is more than $292 billion (Peterson et al., 2018). In 2021, approximately four million referrals were made to child protective service agencies alleging the maltreatment of more than seven million children (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [HHS], 2023). The primary mechanism for evaluating these referrals is the frontline child welfare workforce. Frontline child welfare workers (FCWWs) engage families and make decisions about the safety of children that directly impact children’s futures (Edwards & Wildeman, …

Associations Between Fatigue Impact And Physical And Neurobehavioural Factors: An Exploration In People With Progressive Multiple Sclerosis, L Connolly, S Chatfield, J Freeman, A Salter, Mp Amato, G Brichetto, J Chataway, Nd Chiaravalloti, G Cutter, J Deluca, U Dalgas, R Farrell, P Feys, M Filippi, M Inglese, C Meza, Nb Moore, Rw Motl, Ma Rocca, Bm Sandroff, A Feinstein

School of Health Professions

Background: Fatigue is common in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Understanding the relationship between fatigue, physical and neurobehavioural factors is important to inform future research and practice. Few studies explore this explicitly in people with progressive MS (pwPMS). Objective: To explore relationships between self-reported fatigue, physical and neurobehavioural measures in a large, international progressive MS sample of cognitively impaired people recruited to the CogEx trial. Methods: Baseline assessments of fatigue (Modified Fatigue Impact Scale; MFIS), aerobic capacity (VO _2peak), time in moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA; accelerometery over seven-days), walking performance (6-minute walk test; 6MWT), self-reported walking difficulty (MS Walking …

Drug-Resistant Epilepsy And Ketogenic Diet Therapy – A Qualitative Study Of Families’ Experiences, Jennifer H. Carroll, Tracey Parkin, J. Helen Cross, Mary Hickson, Emma Williams, Val Aldridge, Avril Collinson

School of Health Professions

Background: A diagnosis of drug-resistant epilepsy is life changing for a family. Ketogenic diet therapy (KDT) can offer hope when other treatments have failed. However, it often requires a significant change in daily routine and dietary habits. This qualitative descriptive study aimed to explore families’ experiences of epilepsy and KDT. Methods: Parents of a child aged ≤18 years with epilepsy, currently or recently treated with KDT, were recruited from the UK and internationally via UK Ketogenic Diet (KD) centres, charities, and social media. Semi-structured interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, anonymised, coded using Nvivo (V12), and inductive thematic analysis undertaken. …

Beyond Surgery: Navigating Postoperative Care For Cauda Equina Syndrome Through A Scoping Review, Krithika Anil, Sandra Olmesdahl, Jack Read, Sam Hughes, Marcus Drake, Ingrid Hoeritzauer, Julie Woodfield, Holly Roy

School of Health Professions

Objective: Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a serious neurological injury that can result in permanent disability. Our objective was to review the evidence for rehabilitation strategies for CES in a scoping review.Methods: A scoping review of the literature to identify rehabilitation strategies and their outcomes was performed. The search strategy used was: (Cauda equina syndrome) AND (treatment OR management OR intervention OR physio* OR bladder* OR neuro* OR stem cell OR repair OR rehab*) AND ("post?operat* OR post?surgical OR surgery"). MEDLINE, CINHAL, Prospero, Cochrane, ClinicalTrials.gov, EMBASE, Web of Science, PEDro, and eThos were searched.Results: Eight studies of rehabilitation for CES …

Specialist Physiotherapy For Functional Motor Disorder In England And Scotland (Physio4fmd): A Pragmatic, Multicentre, Phase 3 Randomised Controlled Trial, Physio4fmd Study Group, Glenn Nielsen, Jon Stone, Teresa C. Lee, Laura H. Goldstein, Louise Marston, Rachael Maree Hunter, Alan Carson, Kate Holt, Jon Marsden, Marie Le Novere, Irwin Nazareth, Hayley Noble, Markus Reuber, Ann Marie Strudwick, Beatriz Santana Suarez, Mark J. Edwards, Emily Beaves, David Breen, Christine Burness, Simone Caddy, Hannah Callaghan, Andrew Carberry, Luke Chetham, Andrea Clyne, Susie Cobb, Jan Coebergh, Lewis Cook, Patrick Cookson

School of Health Professions

Background: Functional motor disorder—the motor variant of functional neurological disorder—is a disabling condition that is commonly associated with poor health outcomes. Pathophysiological models have inspired new treatment approaches such as specialist physiotherapy, although evidence from large randomised controlled trials is absent. We aimed to assess the clinical effectiveness of a specialist physiotherapy intervention for functional motor disorder compared with treatment as usual. Methods: In this pragmatic, multicentre, phase 3 randomised controlled trial at 11 hospitals in England and Scotland, adults with a clinically definite diagnosis of functional motor disorder, diagnosed by a neurologist, were included. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1, …

The Embryonic Thermal Environment Has Positive But Weak Effects On Thermal Tolerance Later In Life In The Aquatic Invertebrate Gammarus Chevreuxi, Honor Haskett, Luke Gill, John I. Spicer, Manuela Truebano

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Recent evidence suggests that the adult phenotype is influenced by temperatures experienced in early life. However, our understanding of the extent to which the embryonic environment can modulate thermal tolerance later in life is limited, owing to the paucity of studies with appropriate experimental designs to test for this form of developmental plasticity. We investigated whether the thermal environment experienced during embryonic development affects thermal limits in later life. Embryos of the estuarine amphipod Gammarus chevreuxi were incubated until hatching to 15 °C, 20 °C and 25 °C, then reared under a common temperature. Using thermal ramping assays, we determined …

Physical Violence And Aggression In Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review, Ana Guerra, Gursimrat Bhatti, Dakota Broadway, Juliann Tea, Aksa Prasad, Rachel Gates, Elizabeth Hinton, Ricardo E Jorge, Laura Marsh

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Physical violence and aggression (PVA), defined as behaviors with the potential to cause bodily injury, are unfortunate risks in the management of all-cause neurodegenerative dementias. While dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD) may not be evident for many years after clinical onset, neuropsychiatric disturbances occur at all stages of the disease. At issue is whether PVA in PD is associated with clinical factors that can be targets for prevention and management in the absence of a prevailing dementia syndrome.

Objective: This systematic review examined the extent to which PVA in PD without dementia is a clinically significant concern and whether …

Diagnostic Accuracy Of Urinary N Terminal Pro-B Type Natriuretic Peptides For Hemodynamically Significant-Patent Ductus Arteriosus In Preterm Infants, Caraciolo J Fernandes, Mohan Pammi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Echocardiography is the gold standard for the diagnosis hemodynamically significant-patent ductus arteriosus (hs-PDA). It requires trained personnel and is not readily available. Urinary biomarkers can be used as an adjunct.

Objective: The objective of this study was to systematically review the diagnostic accuracy of urinary N terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptides (NT-proBNP) for hs-PDA in preterm neonates.

Methods: We included studies that evaluated urinary NT-proBNP and urinary NT-proBNP/creatinine ratio (index tests) in preterm neonates with hs-PDA (participants) in comparison with echocardiogram (reference standard). Methodological quality and certainty of evidence were assessed using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic-Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) and …

High-Fat Diets Promote Peritoneal Inflammation And Augment Endometriosis-Associated Abdominal Hyperalgesia, Chandni Talwar, Ramakrishna Kommagani, James A Maclean, Kanako Hayashi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Immune dysfunction is one of the central components in the development and progression of endometriosis by establishing a chronic inflammatory environment. Western-style high-fat diets (HFD) have been linked to greater systemic inflammation to cause metabolic and chronic inflammatory diseases, and are also considered an environmental risk factor for gynecologic diseases. Here, we aimed to examine how HFD cause an inflammatory environment in endometriosis and discern their contribution to endometriotic-associated hyperalgesia. Our results showed that HFD-induced obesity enhanced abdominal hyperalgesia that was induced by endometriotic lesions. Peritoneal inflammatory macrophages and cytokine levels increased by lesion induction were elevated by chronic exposure …

Cardiac Tamponade Secondary To Esophagopericardial Fistula, Jorge M Escobar, Mahboob Alam

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Esophagopericardial fistulas are an extremely rare structural defect that may arise from malignant or iatrogenic etiologies. This article reports the case of a patient with cardiac tamponade secondary to hydropneumopericardium from esophagopericardial fistula. Given the high morbidity and mortality of this condition, this article describes challenges in diagnosis and clinical decision-making to improve early identification and interdisciplinary management.

Spatial Transcriptomics Resolve An Emphysema-Specific Lymphoid Follicle B Cell Signature In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Prajan Divakar, Chen Xi Yang, Tianshi David Wu, Jerid Robinson, Darshan Shimoga Chandrashekar, Nicholas E Banovich, Ivan O Rosas, Maor Sauler, Farrah Kheradmand, Amit Gaggar, Camilla Margaroli, Raul San Jose Estepar, Neil J Mckenna, Francesca Polverino

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Rationale

Within chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), emphysema is characterized by a significant yet partially understood B cell immune component.

Objectives

To characterize the transcriptomic signatures from lymphoid follicles (LFs) in ever-smokers without COPD and patients with COPD with varying degrees of emphysema.

Methods

Lung sections from 40 patients with COPD and ever-smokers were used for LF proteomic and transcriptomic spatial profiling. Formalin- and O.C.T.-fixed lung samples obtained from biopsies or lung explants were assessed for LF presence. Emphysema measurements were obtained from clinical chest computed tomographic scans. High-confidence transcriptional target intersection analyses were conducted to resolve emphysema-induced transcriptional networks. …

A Novel System To Culture Human Intestinal Organoids Under Physiological Oxygen Content To Study Microbial-Host Interaction, Reid L Wilson, Antonio J Valentin, Robert A Britton, K Jane Grande-Allen, Mary K Estes, Kristi Hoffman, Sashirekha Ramani, Christopher J Stewart, Joseph F Petrosino

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Mechanistic investigation of host-microbe interactions in the human gut are hindered by difficulty of co-culturing microbes with intestinal epithelial cells. On one hand the gut bacteria are a mix of facultative, aerotolerant or obligate anaerobes, while the intestinal epithelium requires oxygen for growth and function. Thus, a coculture system that can recreate these contrasting oxygen requirements is critical step towards our understanding microbial-host interactions in the human gut. Here, we demonstrate Intestinal Organoid Physoxic Coculture (IOPC) system, a simple and cost-effective method for coculturing anaerobic intestinal bacteria with human intestinal organoids (HIOs). Using commensal anaerobes with varying degrees of oxygen …

Spatial Transcriptomics Resolve An Emphysema-Specific Lymphoid Follicle B Cell Signature In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Prajan Divakar, Chen Xi Yang, Tianshi David Wu, Jerid Robinson, Darshan Shimoga Chandrashekar, Nicholas E Banovich, Ivan O Rosas, Maor Sauler, Farrah Kheradmand, Amit Gaggar, Camilla Margaroli, Raul San Jose Estepar, Neil J Mckenna, Francesca Polverino

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Rationale

Within chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), emphysema is characterized by a significant yet partially understood B cell immune component.

Objectives

To characterize the transcriptomic signatures from lymphoid follicles (LFs) in ever-smokers without COPD and patients with COPD with varying degrees of emphysema.

Methods

Lung sections from 40 patients with COPD and ever-smokers were used for LF proteomic and transcriptomic spatial profiling. Formalin- and O.C.T.-fixed lung samples obtained from biopsies or lung explants were assessed for LF presence. Emphysema measurements were obtained from clinical chest computed tomographic scans. High-confidence transcriptional target intersection analyses were conducted to resolve emphysema-induced transcriptional networks. …

Researching Covid To Enhance Recovery (Recover) Pediatric Study Protocol: Rationale, Objectives And Design, James Chan, Lori B Chibnik, Mine S Cicek, Amy J Elliott, Valerie J Flaherman, Andrea S Foulkes, Margot Gage Witvliet, Richard Gallagher, Maria Laura Gennaro, Terry L Jernigan, Elizabeth W Karlson, Stuart D Katz, Patricia A Kinser, Lawrence C Kleinman, Michelle F Lamendola-Essel, Joshua D Milner, Sindhu Mohandas, Praveen C Mudumbi, Jane W Newburger, Kyung E Rhee, Amy L Salisbury, Jessica N Snowden, Cheryl R Stein, Melissa S Stockwell, Kelan G Tantisira, Moriah E Thomason, Dongngan T Truong, David Warburton, John C Wood, Shifa Ahmed, Almary Akerlundh, Akram N Alshawabkeh, Brett R Anderson, Judy L Aschner, Andrew M Atz, Robin L Aupperle, Fiona C Baker, Venkataraman Balaraman, Dithi Banerjee, Deanna M Barch, Arielle Baskin-Sommers, Sultana Bhuiyan, Marie-Abele C Bind, Amanda L Bogie, Tamara Bradford, Natalie C Buchbinder, Elliott Bueler, Hülya Bükülmez, B J Casey, Linda Chang, Maryanne Chrisant, Duncan B Clark, Rebecca G Clifton, Katharine N Clouser, Lesley Cottrell, Kelly Cowan, Viren D'Sa, Mirella Dapretto, Soham Dasgupta, Walter Dehority, Audrey Dionne, Kirsten B Dummer, Matthew D Elias, Shari Esquenazi-Karonika, Danielle N Evans, E Vincent S Faustino, Alexander G Fiks, Daniel Forsha, John J Foxe, Naomi P Friedman, Greta Fry, Sunanda Gaur, Dylan G Gee, Kevin M Gray, Stephanie Handler, Ashraf S Harahsheh, Keren Hasbani, Andrew C Heath, Camden Hebson, Mary M Heitzeg, Christina M Hester, Sophia Hill, Laura Hobart-Porter, Travis K F Hong, Carol R Horowitz, Daniel S Hsia, Matthew Huentelman, Kathy D Hummel, Katherine Irby, Joanna Jacobus, Vanessa L Jacoby, Pei-Ni Jone, David C Kaelber, Tyler J Kasmarcak, Matthew J Kluko, Jessica S Kosut, Angela R Laird, Jeremy Landeo-Gutierrez, Sean M Lang, Christine L Larson, Peter Paul C Lim, Krista M Lisdahl, Brian W Mccrindle, Russell J Mcculloh, Kimberly Mchugh, Alan L Mendelsohn, Torri D Metz, Julie Miller, Elizabeth C Mitchell, Lerraughn M Morgan, Eva M Müller-Oehring, Erica R Nahin, Michael C Neale, Manette Ness-Cochinwala, Sheila M Nolan, Carlos R Oliveira, Onyekachukwu Osakwe, Matthew E Oster, R Mark Payne, Michael A Portman, Hengameh Raissy, Isabelle G Randall, Suchitra Rao, Harrison T Reeder, Johana M Rosas, Mark W Russell, Arash A Sabati, Yamuna Sanil, Alice I Sato, Michael S Schechter, Rangaraj Selvarangan, S Kristen Sexson Tejtel, Divya Shakti, Kavita Sharma, Lindsay M Squeglia, Shubika Srivastava, Michelle D Stevenson, Jacqueline Szmuszkovicz, Maria M Talavera-Barber, Ronald J Teufel, Deepika Thacker, Felicia Trachtenberg, Mmekom M Udosen, Megan R Warner, Sara E Watson, Alan Werzberger, Jordan C Weyer, Marion J Wood, H Shonna Yin, William T Zempsky, Emily Zimmerman, Benard P Dreyer, Recover-Pediatric Consortium

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

IMPORTANCE: The prevalence, pathophysiology, and long-term outcomes of COVID-19 (post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 [PASC] or "Long COVID") in children and young adults remain unknown. Studies must address the urgent need to define PASC, its mechanisms, and potential treatment targets in children and young adults.

OBSERVATIONS: We describe the protocol for the Pediatric Observational Cohort Study of the NIH's REsearching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Initiative. RECOVER-Pediatrics is an observational meta-cohort study of caregiver-child pairs (birth through 17 years) and young adults (18 through 25 years), recruited from more than 100 sites across the US. This report focuses on two of …

Citrulline And Adi-Peg20 Reduce Inflammation In A Juvenile Porcine Model Of Acute Endotoxemia, Trung Nguyen, Mahmoud Mohammad, Yava Jones-Hall, Miguel A Cruz, Juan Marini, Douglas Burrin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Arginine is a conditionally essential amino acid that is depleted in critically ill or surgical patients. In pediatric and adult patients, sepsis results in an arginine-deficient state, and the depletion of plasma arginine is associated with greater mortality. However, direct supplementation of arginine can result in the excessive production of nitric oxide (NO), which can contribute to the hypotension and macrovascular hypo-reactivity observed in septic shock. Pegylated arginine deiminase (ADI-PEG20, pegargiminase) reduces plasma arginine and generates citrulline that can be transported intracellularly to generate local arginine and NO, without resulting in hypotension, while maintaining microvascular patency. The objective of …