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Articles 3961 - 3990 of 4491
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Interplay Of Antibody Responses To Closely Related Viruses And Autoimmunity, Chun-Yang Lin
Interplay Of Antibody Responses To Closely Related Viruses And Autoimmunity, Chun-Yang Lin
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
Antibodies produced by B cells are crucial for eliminating infectious pathogens and preventing secondary infection. However, antibodies may also bind to self-antigens and contribute to autoimmune disease. While pathogen infections have been associated with development of autoimmune diseases, the precise contributions of viral infections to autoimmunity remain elusive. The presence of autoreactive antibodies is associated with an increased risk of developing autoimmune disease. Thus, analyzing the impact of viral infection and vaccination on the development of autoreactive antibodies will provide essential insight into mechanisms that contribute to autoimmune disease.
The Impact Of Candida Albicans Glycogen On Fitness, Virulence And Host Response, Jian Miao
The Impact Of Candida Albicans Glycogen On Fitness, Virulence And Host Response, Jian Miao
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
Candida albicans is an opportunistic human fungal pathogen that presents in healthy persons colonizing the oropharyngeal, esophageal, and gastrointestinal mucosa. This polymorphic fungal pathogen remains a leading cause of both invasive and superficial mycoses. C. albicans can cause oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) and disseminated candidiasis when normal host immunity is disturbed, while also causing vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) in healthy women. Adaptation to different host niches requires rapid and coordinated changes in Candida metabolism and physiology to cope with host immune surveillance and to counteract host-imposed constraints such as glucose limitation. Although largely unexplored in C. albicans, the glycogen metabolism pathway is …
Characterizing The Cellular Response To Astrovirus Infection In The Central Nervous System, Amy E. Davis
Characterizing The Cellular Response To Astrovirus Infection In The Central Nervous System, Amy E. Davis
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases caused by infectious agents pose significant health challenges, often leading to severe neurological dysfunction with high morbidity and mortality rates. Astroviruses (AstVs), traditionally known for causing gastroenteritis, have recently been identified as neuroinvasive pathogens capable of inducing neurological diseases. This study explores the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which AstV, specifically non-classical VA1 and classical HAstV1 genotypes, induce CNS pathology in human neurons and astrocytes. Utilizing primary human neurons and astrocytes from various brain regions, this research investigates the cytotoxic effects, apoptotic pathways, and inflammatory responses triggered by these viruses. This study reveals that VA1 …
Ftsk Regulates The Assembly Of The Division Machinery In The Ftsz-Less Chlamydia Trachomatis, Mckenna Katherine Harpring
Ftsk Regulates The Assembly Of The Division Machinery In The Ftsz-Less Chlamydia Trachomatis, Mckenna Katherine Harpring
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
In evolving to obligate intracellular dependence, Chlamydia trachomatis serovar L2 (Ct), has eliminated several gene products essential for cell division in most other bacteria, including FtsZ, the central coordinator of divisome assembly. In the absence of FtsZ, we show that divisome assembly in Ct is initiated by FtsK, a chromosomal translocase. Chlamydial FtsK forms discrete foci at the septum and at the base of the progenitor mother cell, and our data indicate that FtsK foci at the base of the mother cell mark the location of nascent divisome complexes that form at the site where a daughter cell will emerge …
Identification And Characterization Of Three Novel Rumen Bacterial Species In Sheep Fed A Concentrate Diet, Reid Frederick Anema
Identification And Characterization Of Three Novel Rumen Bacterial Species In Sheep Fed A Concentrate Diet, Reid Frederick Anema
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Sheep production in the United States is a popular venture for both small farmers and large enterprise owners, as there is a market for end products such as wool and meat. One major factor of raising sheep is nutrition as an adequate diet will allow an animal to reach its full genetic potential for growth. With that in mind, the composition of the diet must be formulated to benefit the animal. Ruminants have the ability to use a variety of plants that are often inedible for humans to create products that humans can consume. These varying feedstuffs, whether they include …
Development And Characterization Of Transparent Soil Using Biodegradable Polysaccharides, Said Badshah
Development And Characterization Of Transparent Soil Using Biodegradable Polysaccharides, Said Badshah
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Role Of Interferon Induced Transmembrane Protein 3 (Ifitm3) And Neural Precursor Cell Expressed Developmentally Down Regulated Protein 4 (Nedd4) In Seneca Virus A (Sva) Replication, Shamiq Aftab
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In this study, we studied the role of IFITM3 in SVA replication in vitro by silencing the endogenous IFITM3 in NCI-H1299 cells. An average of 1.94-fold increase in SVA VP2 expression and an average of 4.4-fold increase in supernatant virus titer was observed after 24h SVA isolate SD15-26 infection. We have indeed observed an increase in viral mRNA copies by an average of 5-fold in IFITM3 silenced NCI-H1299 cells at 8 hpi indicating that IFITM3 restricts SVA replication post virus attachment and entry. A positive correlation between interferon-alpha induced IFITM3 upregulation and reduced SVA replication was observed. To further confirm …
Digital Health Literacy, Vaccine Information Sources, And Vaccine Acceptance Among Parents In Ontario: Quantitative Findings From A Mixed Methods Study, Sarah Ashfield, Lorie Donelle Phd, Rn, Fcan, Panagiota Tryphonopoulos, Ève Dubé, Maxwell Smith
Digital Health Literacy, Vaccine Information Sources, And Vaccine Acceptance Among Parents In Ontario: Quantitative Findings From A Mixed Methods Study, Sarah Ashfield, Lorie Donelle Phd, Rn, Fcan, Panagiota Tryphonopoulos, Ève Dubé, Maxwell Smith
Publications
Parents make important vaccination decisions for their children and many variables affect parents' decisions to accept or decline vaccines. Parents are tasked with locating, understanding, and applying information to inform health decisions often using online resources; however, the digital health literacy levels of parents are unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate parents' digital health literacy levels, their sources for vaccine information, and analyze how demographics, digital health literacy, health literacy, parental attitudes and vaccine beliefs, trust, and vaccine information sources predict vaccine acceptance. Quantitative findings of a mixed methods study that examined parental vaccine decision making across …
Closing The Digital Divide As A Public Health Mechanism: Exploring Technology Infrastructure Regulations And Trends In The Western Pacific And South-East Asia, Jerard Josh Wong
Closing The Digital Divide As A Public Health Mechanism: Exploring Technology Infrastructure Regulations And Trends In The Western Pacific And South-East Asia, Jerard Josh Wong
California Western International Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Efficacy And Safety Of Glecaprevir And Pibrentasvir In Saudi Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection At A Major Tertiary Hospital, Ali A. Ruwayni, Eman E. Alobary, Khalid M. Alyahya
Efficacy And Safety Of Glecaprevir And Pibrentasvir In Saudi Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection At A Major Tertiary Hospital, Ali A. Ruwayni, Eman E. Alobary, Khalid M. Alyahya
Saudi Medical Journal
Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) in chronic hepatitis C (HCV) patients, and to assess the prescribers’ adherence to Food and Drug Administration recommendations on treatment duration. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out on chronic HCV patients of ≥18 years, with or without cirrhosis, naive or experienced, and with normal kidney function or chronic kidney disease (including dialysis patients) at Prince Sultan Military Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between February 2020 and March 2021. The primary effectiveness end-point was the number and percentage of patients who achieved a sustained virologic response (SVR12), virologic …
Using The Microbiome To Assess The Health Status Of The Individuals Recovered From The East Marshall Street Well, Arian Karim
Using The Microbiome To Assess The Health Status Of The Individuals Recovered From The East Marshall Street Well, Arian Karim
Master of Science in Forensic Science Directed Research Projects
In 1994, during the construction of the Kontos Building on the Medical College of Virginia Campus, a well on East Marshall Street was discovered to contain artifacts and human remains of African descent. Upon archaeological analysis by the Smithsonian, the ancestral remains can be dated back to the mid-19th century, when grave robbing and the use of cadavers for anatomical purposes [BS1] in medical schools were common. The human oral microbiome is the second largest human microbiota, containing over 600 species of organisms. Dysbiosis of the oral microbiome can lead to the overgrowth of pathogenic species, resulting in illness and …
Role Of Interleukin 2 Receptor Alpha In The Cellular Response To Dna Damage, Shristi Khanal
Role Of Interleukin 2 Receptor Alpha In The Cellular Response To Dna Damage, Shristi Khanal
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
The interleukin 2 receptor alpha (IL-2Rα), which is integral to the functioning of the cytokine interleukin 2, has recently been found to be present in different cell types besides just lymphocytes. Previous studies done by our laboratory showed that several other non-lymphoid cells including smooth muscle cells express IL-2Rα. Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) deficient in IL-2Rα exhibited increased proliferation, decreased size, and hypodiploid DNA content when compared to wild type (WT) cells. Previous studies also suggested that VSMC proliferate in response to IL-2 and that IL-2 increases following interventions to stimulate intimal hyperplasia in vivo. These findings, in total, …
Functionalized 1,4-Naphthoquinone-Annulated N-Heterocyclic Carbenes For Biomedical Applications, Dilsha Samanali Wickramasinghe
Functionalized 1,4-Naphthoquinone-Annulated N-Heterocyclic Carbenes For Biomedical Applications, Dilsha Samanali Wickramasinghe
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
Gold has long been recognized for its medicinal applications, dating back centuries. The use of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), stable, tunable ligands, has revolutionized the development of metal complexes, particularly those involving gold. Among these, Au-NHC complexes have shown significant promise in treating various diseases, especially arthritis and cancer. More recently, our research has focused on synthesizing dual-targeting naphthoquinone-annulated NHC-based gold(I) complexes, which have demonstrated impressive therapeutic potential in cancer treatment. This emphasizes the growing importance of gold-based complexes in developing more selective and effective cancer therapies. By strategically tuning the electronic and steric properties of these complexes, we have explored …
Studies Of Selective And Reversible Inhibitors Of Calcium Entry In Immune Cells, Naga Lakshmi Gandi
Studies Of Selective And Reversible Inhibitors Of Calcium Entry In Immune Cells, Naga Lakshmi Gandi
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
Calcium signaling is a crucial regulator in many cellular processes, from immune response modulation to gene expression and apoptosis. Here, I have investigated the dynamics of calcium entry pathways, namely, store-operated calcium entry and store-independent calcium entry using a variety of cell types such as Jurkat T cells, HEK-293 cells and murine macrophages. Using fluorescence calcium imaging and selective inhibitor compounds, I have investigated the contributions of Orai and related calcium channels to calcium entry in both immune and non-immune cell types. The results demonstrate the pharmacological modulation of store-operated and store-independent calcium entry, showing the ability of compounds such …
Investigating The Effects Of Human Astroviruses On Aquaporins And Tight Junction Proteins In Vitro, Makalia T. Robinson
Investigating The Effects Of Human Astroviruses On Aquaporins And Tight Junction Proteins In Vitro, Makalia T. Robinson
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
Human Astroviruses (HAstV) are positive sense non-enveloped single stranded RNA viruses. HAstV is divided into classical (serotype 1-8) and non-classical (HAstVMLB 1-3 and HAstV-VA1-5) astroviruses. Classical HAstV is known to cause diarrhea in children, elderly, and immunocompromised patients. Additionally, the etiology of nonclassical HAstV remains unknown. However, recent studies have implicated non-classical HAstV closely associated with immunocompromised patients diagnosed neurological diseases like acute encephalitis. The mechanisms by which HAstV cause diarrhea is currently unknown. Aquaporins (AQPs) are integral membrane proteins that regulate the movement of water and small uncharged molecules across the cell membrane in response to osmotic gradients. Tight …
Novel Analytical Approaches For The Study Of Energy And Nutrient Flow In Streams, Michelle Catherine Kelly
Novel Analytical Approaches For The Study Of Energy And Nutrient Flow In Streams, Michelle Catherine Kelly
Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports
This dissertation applied novel modeling, experimental and statistical approaches to overcome the challenges of measuring and analyzing energy and nutrient cycling in streams through 3 studies: (1) determining the predictors of respiration and denitrification in streams across the United States, (2) simultaneous estimation of denitrification and nitrogen (N) fixation rates, and (3) the impact of C lability metrics on the interpretation of C degradation in DOM incubation experiments. In the first study, I used predictive modeling approaches to show that respiration and denitrification were positively correlated across the landscape but were predicted by factors at different spatial scales. Denitrification rates …
Estimating Modeling Parameters For Covid-19 Spread On Campus, Aviel S. Crigger
Estimating Modeling Parameters For Covid-19 Spread On Campus, Aviel S. Crigger
Honors Undergraduate Theses
Understanding the true burden of community transmission of communicable diseases like COVID-19 is crucial for effective public health response. Clinical cases, while important, only represent a fraction of the actual disease prevalence within a population. In this thesis, we investigate methods to estimate parameters that link clinical cases to the true disease prevalence using a modified compartmental model known as SICR (Susceptible, Infected, Cases, Recovered). We employ Bayesian inference and ensemble Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations to analyze clinical case data provided by the University of Central Florida Health Center from 2020 to 2022. Our goal is to estimate …
Effectiveness Of Doxycycline As Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (Doxy-Pep) For Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections (Stis) Among Men Who Have Sex With Men (Msm) In Central Florida, Micah P. Greer
Honors Undergraduate Theses
Bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs), notably syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia, have been increasing among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States. The rise has been attributed to various factors, including increased condomless sexual acts due to the high uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention. To address this concerning trend, post-exposure prophylaxis with doxycycline (Doxy-PEP) has emerged as a potential biomedical intervention. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Doxy-PEP in preventing bacterial STIs among MSM in Central Florida, a region with rising STI rates. A de-identified dataset from Pineapple Health Clinic in Orlando, …
Exploring The Link Between Neurocognitive Function And Long Covid: A Comprehensive Review, Dinamaris Aguilar
Exploring The Link Between Neurocognitive Function And Long Covid: A Comprehensive Review, Dinamaris Aguilar
Honors Undergraduate Theses
The intent of this thesis is to provide an in-depth overview of the neurological manifestations associated with long COVID. The review aimed to assess the cognitive functioning symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 post-infection (PASC), investigate the potential mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 affects the nervous system, contributing to cognitive fatigue, brain fog, and cognitive dysfunction, and explore the parallels between SARS-CoV-2 and Alzheimer’s Disease. Neuroinflammation emerges as a shared element among these mechanisms, significantly impacting cognitive function. The parallels between COVID-19 and Alzheimer's Disease offer insights into how Alzheimer's affects cognition, aiding in understanding COVID-19's impact. The review underscores a notable gender …
Genetic And Biochemical Analysis Of Novel Borrelia Burgdorferi Genes Bb0244 And Bb0246, Christian J. Ruiz-Rodriguez
Genetic And Biochemical Analysis Of Novel Borrelia Burgdorferi Genes Bb0244 And Bb0246, Christian J. Ruiz-Rodriguez
Honors Undergraduate Theses
As the cause of the most common vector-borne disease in the US, Borrelia burgdorferi continues to affect an estimated hundreds of thousands of patients each year. The spirochete boasts one of the most complex genomes in comparison to all other prokaryotes as it is fragmented across up to 21 different replicons. Moreover, the functions of a majority of the encoded genes remain unknown. Gene of unknown function, bb0244, along with putative co-transcribed genes bb0245, and bb0246 are hypothesized to be involved in the vital functions of cell division and cell wall biogenesis. B. burgdorferi lacking bb0244 demonstrate a significant growth …
The Effect Of Mating Pheromone 2,6-Dichlorophenol On Gene Expression In Male Lone Star Ticks (Amblyomma Americanum), Mitchell E. Dyen
The Effect Of Mating Pheromone 2,6-Dichlorophenol On Gene Expression In Male Lone Star Ticks (Amblyomma Americanum), Mitchell E. Dyen
Honors Undergraduate Theses
Lone star ticks (Amblyomma americanum) are tick species known for their generalist feeding habits, pursuing blood meals with little preference for specific host species. They are found in the southern and midwestern United States but have been rapidly expanding northward due to climate change and white-tailed deer population expansion. Since they are a zoonotic disease vector, their increased abundance has caused the concurrent increased prevalence of a variety of tick-borne illnesses such as tularemia, heartland virus disease, alpha-gal syndrome, ehrlichiosis, and southern tick-associated rash illness (STARI), which effect both humans and animals alike. This increased prevalence of tick-borne …
Epitope Mapping Novel Monoclonal Antibodies Against Borrelia Burgdorferi Surface Proteins Ospc And Bmpa, Eliza M. Doyle
Epitope Mapping Novel Monoclonal Antibodies Against Borrelia Burgdorferi Surface Proteins Ospc And Bmpa, Eliza M. Doyle
Honors Undergraduate Theses
In response to the progressive nature of Lyme disease, direct diagnostic testing of Borrelia burgdorferi surface proteins was proposed as a quicker and more sensitive alternative to the current indirect detection methods. To determine the ability of novel monoclonal antibodies to detect the surface lipoproteins BmpA and OspC, recombinant fragments of these proteins were created. These fragments were tested against the putative diagnostic antibodies via western blotting as a means to map the epitope of each of the proteins that the respective antibodies recognize. All BmpA fragments with deletions on the N-terminal end exhibited reactivity, indicating that the epitope is …
Unraveling The Effects Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Staphylococcus Aureus Carriage: A Comparative Research Of Pre- And Post-Pandemic Samples, Catherine G. Johnston
Unraveling The Effects Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Staphylococcus Aureus Carriage: A Comparative Research Of Pre- And Post-Pandemic Samples, Catherine G. Johnston
Honors Undergraduate Theses
The COVID-19 pandemic brought about significant changes in the epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus carriage and disease. This study aims to assess these changes by leveraging respiratory samples collected from a longstanding cohort, comparing the genomic characteristics of S. aureus isolates from pre- and post-pandemic periods. We analyzed S. aureus genomes and phenotypically determined macrolide resistance to characterize population structure, antibiotic resistance, and virulence profiles. Changes in S. aureus carriage rates, macrolide resistance, disease occurrence, and population structure between samples collected pre- and post-pandemic were examined. By using respiratory samples, chart reviews, and risk factor questionnaires of 498 children from a …
Genetic Diversity Of Trypanosomes Infesting Cattle From Savannah District In North Of Côte D’Ivoire Using Conserved Genomic Signatures: Rrna, Its1 And Ggapdh, Jean-Yves Ekra, Eliakunda Michael Mafie, Edouard K. N’Goran, Dramane Kaba, Biégo Guillaume Gragnon, Jagan Srinivasan
Genetic Diversity Of Trypanosomes Infesting Cattle From Savannah District In North Of Côte D’Ivoire Using Conserved Genomic Signatures: Rrna, Its1 And Ggapdh, Jean-Yves Ekra, Eliakunda Michael Mafie, Edouard K. N’Goran, Dramane Kaba, Biégo Guillaume Gragnon, Jagan Srinivasan
All Rsif Scholars' Publications
The potential danger to livestock from African animal trypanosomiasis is well known. However, the trypanosome species circulating in cattle and their genetics are poorly understood. After different alignments according to three regions (ITS1, gGAPDH and rRNA gene) of the trypanosome genome, phylogenetic analyses were used to show the genetic diversity of the different species that were circulating in the cattle in three regions (Bagoue, Poro and Tchologo) of Côte d’Ivoire. These analyses were performed by alignment of ITS1; by alignment of partial 18S, ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2 and partial 28S rRNA genes; and by alignment of gGAPDH gene with sequences of …
Individual Differences In The Coordinated Behavioral And Physiological Immune Response To Pathogenic Threat, Povheng Yam, Edwin Rosales-Vijil, Nathan Boone, Francesca Messina, Amanda C. Hahn
Individual Differences In The Coordinated Behavioral And Physiological Immune Response To Pathogenic Threat, Povheng Yam, Edwin Rosales-Vijil, Nathan Boone, Francesca Messina, Amanda C. Hahn
IdeaFest 2024
No abstract provided.
Chairs Of Excellence Annual Report 2024, Tennessee. Higher Education Commission.
Chairs Of Excellence Annual Report 2024, Tennessee. Higher Education Commission.
Academic Programs and Workforce Reports
No abstract provided.
Parental Beliefs About Mental Health And Available Support, Michele O'Geare
Parental Beliefs About Mental Health And Available Support, Michele O'Geare
Master's Theses
This study adds information to the field by investigating the relationship between parental beliefs about mental health and the services they use to support their child’s mental health issues. The study targeted 224 parents from a private K-12 school in the Midwest. The school was selected because of the many students from diverse backgrounds. This study does not intend to influence parental beliefs but investigates ways families seek support for their children. Descriptive statistics like mean and standard deviation were combined to analyze quantitative data used to interpret parents’ beliefs toward mental health and the use of specific mental health …
Strategies And Emerging Mechanisms In Managing Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Biofilm-Associated Antibiotic Resistance In Renal Catheters, Ahmed Fadhil Kadhim
Strategies And Emerging Mechanisms In Managing Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Biofilm-Associated Antibiotic Resistance In Renal Catheters, Ahmed Fadhil Kadhim
Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences
Strategies and mechanisms in controlling Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance to biofilm-associated with renal catheters are a serious concern. Renal catheters are widely used in hospitals for numerous urological disorders. However, they are the main cause of bacterial infections, especially P. aeruginosa, when used for a long time. The mechanism of biofilm-associated antibiotic resistance of P. aeruginosa in renal catheters is complex and has not been efficiently managed. This review debates certain strategies and mechanisms associated with P. aeruginosa biofilm antibiotic resistance in cases with renal catheters, including the prevention of biofilm formation, eradication of biofilm, and reducing biofilm-associated antibiotic resistance and …
Cd8+ T Cell Metabolic Flexibility Elicited By Cd28-Ars2 Axis- Driven Alternative Splicing Of Pkm Supports Antitumor Immunity, G. Aaron Holling, Colin A. Chavel, Anand P. Sharda, Mackenzie M. Lieberman, Caitlin M. James, Shivana M. Lightman, Jason H. Tong, Guanxi Qiao, Tiffany R. Emmons, Thejaswini Giridharan, Shengqi Hou, Andrew M. Intlekofer, Richard M. Higashi, Teresa W. M. Fan, Andrew N. Lane, Kevin H. Eng, Brahm H. Segal, Elizabeth A. Repasky, Kevin P. Lee, Scott H. Olejniczak
Cd8+ T Cell Metabolic Flexibility Elicited By Cd28-Ars2 Axis- Driven Alternative Splicing Of Pkm Supports Antitumor Immunity, G. Aaron Holling, Colin A. Chavel, Anand P. Sharda, Mackenzie M. Lieberman, Caitlin M. James, Shivana M. Lightman, Jason H. Tong, Guanxi Qiao, Tiffany R. Emmons, Thejaswini Giridharan, Shengqi Hou, Andrew M. Intlekofer, Richard M. Higashi, Teresa W. M. Fan, Andrew N. Lane, Kevin H. Eng, Brahm H. Segal, Elizabeth A. Repasky, Kevin P. Lee, Scott H. Olejniczak
Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications
Metabolic flexibility has emerged as a critical determinant of CD8+ T-cell antitumor activity, yet the mechanisms driving the metabolic flexibility of T cells have not been determined. In this study, we investigated the influence of the nuclear cap-binding complex (CBC) adaptor protein ARS2 on mature T cells. In doing so, we discovered a novel signaling axis that endows activated CD8+ T cells with flexibility of glucose catabolism. ARS2 upregulation driven by CD28 signaling reinforced splicing factor recruitment to pre-mRNAs and affected approximately one-third of T-cell activation-induced alternative splicing events. Among these effects, the CD28-ARS2 axis suppressed the expression of the …
Vaginal Lactobacillus Fatty Acid Response Mechanisms Reveal A Metabolite-Targeted Strategy For Bacterial Vaginosis Treatment, Paul C. Blainey, Seth M. Bloom, Douglas S. Kwon
Vaginal Lactobacillus Fatty Acid Response Mechanisms Reveal A Metabolite-Targeted Strategy For Bacterial Vaginosis Treatment, Paul C. Blainey, Seth M. Bloom, Douglas S. Kwon
Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications
Bacterial vaginosis (BV), a common syndrome characterized by Lactobacillus-deficient vaginal microbiota, is associated with adverse health outcomes. BV often recurs after standard antibiotic therapy in part because antibiotics promote microbiota dominance by Lactobacillus iners instead of Lactobacillus crispatus, which has more beneficial health associations. Strategies to promote L. crispatus and inhibit L. iners are thus needed. We show that oleic acid (OA) and similar long-chain fatty acids simultaneously inhibit L. iners and enhance L. crispatus growth. These phenotypes require OA-inducible genes conserved in L. crispatus and related lactobacilli, including an oleate hydratase (ohyA) and putative fatty acid efflux pump (farE). …