Digital Commons Network^™

Identification Of A Novel Cg307 Sub-Clade In Third-Generation-Cephalosporin-Resistant, Selvalakshmi Selvaraj Anand, Chin-Ting Wu, Jordan Bremer, Micah Bhatti, Todd J Treangen, Awdhesh Kalia, Samuel A Shelburne, William C Shropshire

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Despite the notable clinical impact, recent molecular epidemiology regarding third-generation-cephalosporin-resistant (3GC-R) Klebsiella pneumoniae in the USA remains limited. We performed whole-genome sequencing of 3GC-R K. pneumoniae bacteraemia isolates collected from March 2016 to May 2022 at a tertiary care cancer centre in Houston, TX, USA, using Illumina and Oxford Nanopore Technologies platforms. A comprehensive comparative genomic analysis was performed to dissect population structure, transmission dynamics and pan-genomic signatures of our 3GC-R K. pneumoniae population. Of the 178 3GC-R K. pneumoniae bacteraemias that occurred during our study time frame, we were able to analyse 153 (86 %) bacteraemia isolates, 126 …

Transcription-Replication Interactions Reveal Bacterial Genome Regulation, Andrew W Pountain, Peien Jiang, Tianyou Yao, Ehsan Homaee, Yichao Guan, Kevin J C Mcdonald, Magdalena Podkowik, Bo Shopsin, Victor J Torres, Ido Golding, Itai Yanai

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Organisms determine the transcription rates of thousands of genes through a few modes of regulation that recur across the genome1. In bacteria, the relationship between the regulatory architecture of a gene and its expression is well understood for individual model gene circuits2,3. However, a broader perspective of these dynamics at the genome scale is lacking, in part because bacterial transcriptomics has hitherto captured only a static snapshot of expression averaged across millions of cells4. As a result, the full diversity of gene expression dynamics and their relation to regulatory architecture remains unknown. Here we present a novel genome-wide classification of …

Simultaneous Detection And Quantification Of Multiple Pathogen Targets In Wastewater, Gouthami Rao, Drew Capone, Kevin Zhu, Abigail Knoble, Yarrow Linden, Ryan Clark, Amanda Lai, Juhee Kim, Ching Hua Huang, Aaron Bivins, Joe Brown

Faculty Publications

Wastewater-based epidemiology has emerged as a critical tool for public health surveillance, building on decades of environmental surveillance work for pathogens such as poliovirus. Work to date has been limited to monitoring a single pathogen or small numbers of pathogens in targeted studies; however, few studies consider simultaneous quantitative analysis of a wide variety of pathogens, which could greatly increase the utility of wastewater surveillance. We developed a novel quantitative multi-pathogen surveillance approach (35 pathogen targets including bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and helminths) using TaqMan Array Cards (TAC) and applied the method on concentrated wastewater samples collected at four wastewater treatment …

Prevalence Of Dengue Virus Among Healthy Blood Donors In Mombasa County, Kenya, Festus Mulakoli, George Gachara, Eric Ndombi, Samoel Khamadi

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Introduction: Dengue fever (DF) is a viral infection caused by a flavivirus called Dengue virus. The virus has four known serotypes (named DENV 1-4) that circulate between humans and Aedes mosquitoes throughout the tropical region of the world. The virus is transmitted primarily by the bite of an infected Aedes aegypti or, to a lesser extent, Aedes albopictus. Current evidence from published case studies shows that blood transfusions can transmit Dengue infection in hyperendemic regions in the tropics. It is important to note that 75% of people infected with DENV show no symptoms. Therefore, an infected individual could …

Biom 460.01: Ecology Of Infectious Diseases, Angela D. Luis

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

Metabolic Syndrome And Obesity Among Marginalised School-Going Adolescents In Karachi, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study, Hina Sharif, Sana Sharif Sheikh, Tooba Seemi, Hira Naeem, Unab Khan, Shah Sumaya Jan

Department of Family Medicine

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors which increase the likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of MetS among adolescents living in slums aged 11-18 years in Karachi, Pakistan.
Methods: Data were collected from 689 adolescents attending five schools in two slum areas of Karachi, Korangi and Baldia, from February 2023 to March 2023. Measurements of weight, height, waist circumference, and blood pressure were obtained from the study participants. Blood samples were collected to assess fasting plasma glucose, High density lipoprotein HDL-cholesterol, and triglyceride levels as …

Maternal Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations And Emergency Department Visits In Infants, Leila C Sahni, Samantha M Olson, Natasha B Halasa, Laura S Stewart, Marian G Michaels, John V Williams, Janet A Englund, Eileen J Klein, Mary A Staat, Elizabeth P Schlaudecker, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Jennifer E Schuster, Geoffrey A Weinberg, Peter G Szilagyi, Julie A Boom, Manish M Patel, Flor M Muñoz, New Vaccine Surveillance Network Collaborators

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

IMPORTANCE: Influenza virus infection during pregnancy is associated with severe maternal disease and may be associated with adverse birth outcomes. Inactivated influenza vaccine during pregnancy is safe and effective and can protect young infants, but recent evidence, particularly after the 2009 novel influenza A (H1N1) pandemic, is limited.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of influenza vaccination during pregnancy against laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits in infants younger than 6 months.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a prospective, test-negative case-control study using data from the New Vaccine Surveillance Network from the 2016 to 2017 through 2019 to …

Long-Term Non-Progression And Risk Factors For Disease Progression Among Children Living With Hiv In Botswana And Uganda: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Samuel Kyobe, Grace Kisitu, Savannah Mwesigwa, John Farirai, Eric Katagirya, Gaone Retshabile, Lesedi Williams, Angela Mirembe, Lesego Ketumile, Misaki Wayengera, John Mukisa, Gaseene Sebetso, Thabo Diphoko, Marion Amujal, Edgar Kigozi, Fred Katabazi, Ronald Oceng, Busisiwe Mlotshwa, Koketso Morapedi, Betty Nsangi, Edward Wampande, Masego Tsimako, Chester Brown, Ishmael Kasvosve, Moses Joloba, Gabriel Anabwani, Sununguko Mpoloka, Graeme Mardon, Adeodata Kekitiinwa, Neil A Hanchard, Jacqueline Kyosiimire-Lugemwa, Mogomotsi Matshaba, Dithan Kiragga

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVES: We utilize a large retrospective study cohort derived from electronic medical records to estimate the prevalence of long-term non-progression (LTNP) and determine the factors associated with progression among children infected with HIV in Botswana and Uganda.

METHODS: Electronic medical records from large tertiary HIV clinical centers in Botswana and Uganda were queried to identify LTNP children 0-18 years enrolled between June 2003 and May 2014 and extract demographic and nutritional parameters. Multivariate subdistribution hazard analyses were used to examine demographic factors and nutritional status in progression in the pre-antiretroviral therapy era.

RESULTS: Between the two countries, 14,246 antiretroviral therapy-naïve …

Time To Blood Pressure Control And Predictors Among Patients Receiving Integrated Treatment For Hypertension And Hiv Based On An Adapted Who Hearts Implementation Strategy At A Large Urban Hiv Clinic In Uganda, Willington Amutuhaire, Lewis S. Musoke, George A. Yendewa, Lewis S. Musoke, George A. Yendewa

Faculty Scholarship

In this cohort study, we determined time to blood pressure (BP) control and its predictors among hypertensive PLHIV enrolled in integrated hypertension-HIV care based on the World Health Organization (WHO) HEARTS strategy at Mulago Immunosuppression Clinic in Uganda. From August 2019 to March 2020, we enrolled hypertensive PLHIV aged ≥18 years and initiated Amlodipine 5 mg mono-therapy for BP (140–159)/(90–99) mmHg or Amlodipine 5 mg/Valsartan 80 mg duo-therapy for BP ≥ 160/90 mmHg. Patients were followed with a treatment escalation plan until BP control, defined as BP < 140/90 mmHg. We used Cox proportional hazards models to identify predictors of time to BP control. Of 877 PLHIV enrolled (mean age 50.4 years, 62.1% female), 30% received mono-therapy and 70% received duo-therapy. In the monotherapy group, 66%, 88% and 96% attained BP control in the first, second and third months, respectively. For patients on duo-therapy, 56%, 83%, 88% and 90% achieved BP control in the first, second, third, and fourth months, respectively. In adjusted Cox proportional hazard analysis, higher systolic BP (aHR 0.995, 95% CI 0.989-0.999) and baseline ART tenofovir/lamivudine/efavirenz (aHR 0.764, 95% CI 0.637–0.917) were associated with longer time to BP control, while being on ART for >10 years was associated with a shorter time to BP control (aHR 1.456, …

Ahrc 231.01: Respiratory Critical Care, Paul J. Crockford

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

Nasx 105h.X02: Introduction To Native American Studies, Laura K. Ferguson

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

Collaboration And Growth In A Large Research Cooperative: A Network Analytic Approach, Lori J Ducharme, Kayo Fujimoto, Jacky Kuo, Jonathan Stewart, Bruce Taylor, John Schneider

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Research networks encourage team science and facilitate collaboration within and across research teams. While many analyses have examined the output of these collaborative networks (e.g., authorship networks, publications, grant applications), less attention has been paid to the formative phases of these initiatives. This article presents analyses of a whole-network survey of investigators participating in a new research initiative, and examines the development of collaborative ties over the network's first year. In particular, we examine the influence of research center affiliation, seniority, and prior network experience on the number and structure of collaborative ties, including participants' bridging and broker roles. Such …

Increased Prevalence Of Clostridioides Difficile Infection Among Pediatric Oncology Patients: Risk Factors For Infection And Complications, Brianna R Murphy, Natalie J Dailey Garnes, Hyunsoo Hwang, Christine B Peterson, Kevin W Garey, Pablo Okhuysen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Pediatric oncology patients, who are typically immunosuppressed, exposed to medications associated with increased Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) risk and hospitalized, are expected to be at substantial risk for infection and complications. Although certain C. difficile ribotypes have been associated with more severe infection in adults, such an association has not been described in children.

Methods: To characterize CDI epidemiology, including risk factors and complications among pediatric oncology patients, we retrospectively reviewed charts of patients 1-18 years old treated at a designated cancer center during 2000-2017. We used fluorescence-based polymerase chain reaction to identify ribotypes causing disease at our institution. …

Nasx 105h.X01: Introduction To Native American Studies, Laura K. Ferguson

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

Biom 251n.H11: Microbiology For The Health Sciences Lab, Joseph M. Ruffatto

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

Ahms 270e.01: Medical Ethics, Victor N. White

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

Ahrc 250.01: Respiratory Care Lab Ii, Paul J. Crockford

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

Nrsg 256.01: Pathophysiology, Ginger M. Sillars

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

Biom 402.01: Pathogenic Microbes, Michael Minnick

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2021-2025

No abstract provided.

Sepsis, Children's Mercy Kansas City

Clinical Pathways

No abstract provided.

Seizures, First Nonfebrile Seizure, Children's Mercy Kansas City

Clinical Pathways (Formally Known As Clinical Practice Guidelines)

No abstract provided.

Pharyngitis, Children's Mercy Kansas City

Clinical Pathways (Formally Known As Clinical Practice Guidelines)

No abstract provided.

A Role For Affect In The Future Of Mathematics Education (With Thoughts On Intelligence), Marcelo Almora Rios

The Mathematics Enthusiast

A Review of:

1. Alan Schoenfeld, Heather Fink, Alyssa Sayavedra, Anna Weltman, & Sandra Zuñiga-Ruiz’s (2023) Mathematics Teaching on Target, Routledge, 164pp. ISBN (HB): 978-1-0324-4167-2;

2. Alan Schoenfeld, Heather Fink, Sandra Zuñiga-Ruiz, Siqi Huang, Xinyu Wei, & Brantina Chirinda’s (2023) Helping Students Become Powerful Mathematics Thinkers, Routledge, 272pp. ISBN (HB): 978-1-0324-4168-9.

Phase 1/2 Trial Of Avelumab Combined With Utomilumab (4–1bb Agonist), Pf-04518600 (Ox40 Agonist), Or Radiotherapy In Patients With Advanced Gynecologic Malignancies, Anne Knisely, Jibran Ahmed, Bettzy Stephen, Sarina A Piha-Paul, Daniel Karp, Abdulrazzak Zarifa, Siqing Fu, David Sanghyun Hong, Jordi Rodon Ahnert, Timothy A Yap, Apostolia M Tsimberidou, Anas Alshawa, Ecaterina E Dumbrava, Yali Yang, Juhee Song, Funda Meric-Bernstam, Amir A Jazaeri, Aung Naing

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Immune checkpoint blockade has shown mixed results in advanced/recurrent gynecologic malignancies. Efficacy may be improved through costimulation with OX40 and 4-1BB agonists. The authors sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of avelumab combined with utomilumab (a 4-1BB agonist), PF-04518600 (an OX40 agonist), and radiotherapy in patients with recurrent gynecologic malignancies.

Methods: The primary end point in this six-arm, phase 1/2 trial was safety of the combination regimens. Secondary end points included the objective response rate (ORR) according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors and immune-related Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, the disease control rate (DCR), the …

Burden Of Dog Bite Injuries And Wound Management Practices To Prevent Rabies Among Dog Owners, Dhawani Julka, Amir M Khan, Nitu Kumari, Ujjwal Soni

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Despite members of dog-owning families being at a higher risk of dog bites owing to their proximity to dogs in their household, there are hardly any studies from India which focus on the burden of dog bites among them and their rabies control and prevention practices. This study aimed to estimate the burden of dog bites among dog owners and their wound management practices to prevent rabies.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among pet dog owners in a high-end housing society of National Capital Region of Delhi. A pre-tested and pre-validated schedule was used to collect …

Traditional And Molecular Methods For Diagnosing Bacterial Meningitis In Erbil City, Iraq, Niga Othman Hamaameen, Adel Kamal Khider

Baghdad Science Journal

Bacterial meningitis is a leading cause of illness and death worldwide. It is crucial for clinical and public health care, as well as disease control, to identify the meningitis-causing agent promptly. Between June 2021-February 2022, a total of 100 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood samples were collected from suspected cases of meningitis admitted to Raparin Paediatric Teaching Hospital, Erbil city-Iraq. Cytochemical, cultural, and biochemical tests were conducted, and confirmed by molecular techniques. Bacterial culture findings were positive in 7% of CSF samples and just one positive among blood samples. The most common pathogens found by cultural characteristics and VITEK 2 …

Bloodstream Infections After Solid Organ Transplantation: Clinical Epidemiology And Antimicrobial Resistance (2016–21), Max W Adelman, Ashton A Connor, Enshuo Hsu, Ashish Saharia, Constance M Mobley, David W Victor, Mark J Hobeika, Jiejian Lin, Kevin A Grimes, Elizabeth Ramos, Claudia Pedroza, Elizabeth W Brombosz, R Mark Ghobrial, Cesar A Arias

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are at risk of bloodstream infections (BSIs) with MDR organisms (MDROs).

Objectives: To describe the epidemiology of BSI in the year after several types of SOT, as well as the prevalence of MDRO infections in this population.

Methods: We conducted a single-centre, retrospective study of kidney, liver, heart, and multi-organ transplantation patients. We examined BSIs ≤1 year from SOT and classified MDRO phenotypes for Staphylococcus aureus, enterococci, Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida spp. We compared BSI characteristics between SOT types and determined risk factors for 90 day mortality.

Results: We included 2293 patients …

Knowledge And Attitudes On Contraception And Reproductive Health In Women With Hiv, Anna Henricks, Samantha Singal, Dana Hughes, Sean Kelly, Jessica L Castilho, Jamison Norwood

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: For reasons not fully explained to date, contraception usage among women with HIV remains low. The aim of our study was to understand attitudes toward and lifetime use of contraception among women with HIV.

METHODS: We administered an anonymous, community-informed, voluntary survey to cisgender, English-speaking women with HIV (≥18 years of age) at a Southern urban HIV clinic. It included multiple choice and Likert-scale questions on reproductive health. Participants reported contraception use, recollection of provider conversations about contraception, and perceived empowerment and knowledge regarding reproductive health. We used chi-square and Fisher exact tests to compare attitudes and prior conversations …

Acute Gastroenteritis: Emergency Department/Urgent Care Centers, Children's Mercy Kansas City

Clinical Pathways (Formally Known As Care Process Models)

No abstract provided.

Mediators Of Necroptosis: From Cell Death To Metabolic Regulation, Xiaoqin Wu, Laura E Nagy, Jérémie Gautheron

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Necroptosis, a programmed cell death mechanism distinct from apoptosis, has garnered attention for its role in various pathological conditions. While initially recognized for its involvement in cell death, recent research has revealed that key necroptotic mediators, including receptor-interacting protein kinases (RIPKs) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), possess additional functions that go beyond inducing cell demise. These functions encompass influencing critical aspects of metabolic regulation, such as energy metabolism, glucose homeostasis, and lipid metabolism. Dysregulated necroptosis has been implicated in metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), contributing to chronic …