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2024

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Okinawa Studies In Taiwan Under Japanese Rule: Focusing On The Use Of The Word “Nantō”, Takahiro Teshima Dec 2024

Okinawa Studies In Taiwan Under Japanese Rule: Focusing On The Use Of The Word “Nantō”, Takahiro Teshima

Kritika Kultura

In the modern period, certain research on Okinawa utilizing the noun “nantō,” which signified the southern islands, was known as Nantō studies. It accentuated Okinawa as the southernmost portion, or one component, of Japan, emphasizing Okinawa’s identity as a place that preserves old Japanese culture, based on the hypothesis that culture originates in the center of a cultural region and spreads to the frontier. This article examines the possibilities and limitations of Nantō studies in colonial Taiwan. Under the academic guidance at Taihoku Imperial University, including Japanese history, which had previously received less attention in prior research, Nantō studies could …


From Utopian Enclave To Zombified Island: Disaster Capitalism And The Reassertion Of Cuban Identity In Alejandro Brugués’ Juan Of The Dead, Jungwon Park Dec 2024

From Utopian Enclave To Zombified Island: Disaster Capitalism And The Reassertion Of Cuban Identity In Alejandro Brugués’ Juan Of The Dead, Jungwon Park

Kritika Kultura

Cuba, expected with the 1959 revolution to become a utopian enclave in Latin America and beyond, has undergone political and economic hardships since the collapse of the Soviet Bloc, known as the Special Period. However, what has been the fate of this country, which remains one of the most isolated and disconnected in the world, in the twenty-first century? Cuba’s first zombie comedy film, Juan of the Dead (dir. Alejandro Brugués, 2011), depicts the nation’s dystopian present and uncertain future through social criticism, political satire, and burlesque humor. This essay argues that the film’s cannibalistic, infectious zombies allegorize the traumatic …


The Failure Of Community And The Future Of Communitarianism In Asia And Latin America, Alex Taek-Gwang Lee Dec 2024

The Failure Of Community And The Future Of Communitarianism In Asia And Latin America, Alex Taek-Gwang Lee

Kritika Kultura

This article examines the complex dynamics between national identity formation, community transformation, and global crises through multiple theoretical frameworks. Beginning with Kafka’s prescient diary entry about World War I and its resonance with the current Ukraine conflict, the analysis expands to explore Benedict Anderson’s concept of “imagined communities” and its application to postcolonial nation-building in Asia and Latin America. Drawing on Spinoza’s political philosophy, particularly his conception of democracy, I develop a framework for understanding how communities navigate between tradition and modernity in the aftermath of World War II. The research engages with both Anderson’s theory of nationalism and Antonio …


Communication As A Mobile Field: The Critical Dialogue And Exchange Between The Vatican Doctrine On Social Communication And Secular Communication Sciences, Joyce Arriola Dec 2024

Communication As A Mobile Field: The Critical Dialogue And Exchange Between The Vatican Doctrine On Social Communication And Secular Communication Sciences, Joyce Arriola

Kritika Kultura

The Decree on Social Communication called Inter Mirifica was one of the 16 documents that were produced by the Catholic Church at the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965). It guided the Church in engaging the modern world, particularly through the means of communication. This came at the height of the positivist inflection of communication studies, which began as an academic discipline when the first doctoral program was established in the United States in 1943. While the communication discipline grew steadily as a science, producing its own theories and adopting its specific research methodologies and protocols, it also developed along humanistic lines, …


Caliban Discourse From Shakespeare To Java's Baron Sekeber, Paulus Sarwoto Dec 2024

Caliban Discourse From Shakespeare To Java's Baron Sekeber, Paulus Sarwoto

Kritika Kultura

Caliban discourse, marked with the arrival of a white man on a non-European island, is also found in the Javanese babad or semi-historical narrative of Serat Babad Pati (1925), a rewriting of the older text Serat Baron Sakendher (1600s). Both texts depict the arrival of European aristocrats on a foreign island. If Prospero in The Tempest (1610) is an exiled Italian duke, Baron Sekeber in Serat Babad Pati is a Dutch aristocrat traveling to Java to conquer the Mataram kingdom. Considering the possibility that both texts were produced in the same time period, at the beginning of both English and …


Filipina Domestic Workers As Contemporary Working-Class Poets: Writing As A Transformative Force, Luka Lei Zhang Dec 2024

Filipina Domestic Workers As Contemporary Working-Class Poets: Writing As A Transformative Force, Luka Lei Zhang

Kritika Kultura

In recent years, there has been a surge in the publication of poetry collections written by Filipina domestic workers across various locations, including Singapore, Malaysia, and Hong Kong. Notably, these poets have elected to publish their work through small independent presses, such as Poetry Planet Book Publishing House in the Philippines, rather than the more prevalent trend of migrant worker writings appearing in literary competitions and anthologies. The emergence of these poetry collections represents a unique and timely literary and cultural landscape that merits academic attention. This paper begins by contextualizing them as part of contemporary working-class literature and introducing …


Liminal Childhood: Survival And Working-Through The Trauma Of Syrian War In A Land Of Permanent Goodbyes, Arya Priyadarshini, Suman Sigroha Dec 2024

Liminal Childhood: Survival And Working-Through The Trauma Of Syrian War In A Land Of Permanent Goodbyes, Arya Priyadarshini, Suman Sigroha

Kritika Kultura

Set amidst the tragedy of Syrian war and the gruesome reality of the refugee crisis that followed, A Land of Permanent Goodbyes (2018) by Atia Abawi is a tale of finding hope within the darkness through the liminal state of survival. This essay explores forms of coping mechanisms present in contemporary children’s and young adult trauma narratives through the lens of object- relation theory in psychoanalysis to expand the understanding of the process of working- through trauma and loss. This study, rooted in the survival strategies adopted by children and adolescents trapped in the war in the Middle East, incorporates …


Climate Change And The Construction Of Compromised Agency In Selected Contemporary Fiction, Jessica Murray Dec 2024

Climate Change And The Construction Of Compromised Agency In Selected Contemporary Fiction, Jessica Murray

Kritika Kultura

As the realities of climate change occupy an increasingly prominent position in all spheres of contemporary societies, the producers of cultural products grapple with these dynamics in their work. Even in texts where the climate and environmental concerns are tangential to the primary narratives, authors of contemporary fiction tend to make at least some passing reference to these dynamics. Fiction offers a space of almost limitless possibilities where writers can offer radically innovative modes of being in a world that is changing at an unprecedented rate due to anthropogenic activities. The construction of agency and the capacity of agents to …


Against Social Abjection: Offred’S Empowering Narration Of The Handmaid's Tale (1985), Saeedeh Esmailzadeh, Maryam Soltan Beyad Dec 2024

Against Social Abjection: Offred’S Empowering Narration Of The Handmaid's Tale (1985), Saeedeh Esmailzadeh, Maryam Soltan Beyad

Kritika Kultura

This scholarly investigation explores how Offred, the central character in Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale, endeavors to undermine the abjectifying apparatus of Gilead through the utilization of her narrative as a form of resistance. Drawing inspiration from Imogen Tyler’s concept of social abjection, the initial segment of this study will concentrate on the implementation of policies aimed at abjection within the society of Gilead. It will elucidate that the Gileadean regime employs tactics such as fostering disgust consensus, enforcing social hierarchies, propagating territorial stigmatization, and asserting control over language to execute the mechanisms of social abjection. This procedure serves to …


Abide With Me: A Social Ecological Perspective In Selected Pandemic Poetry, Amany Abdullah Abdelaziz Eldiasty, Eman Ebeida Mansour Dec 2024

Abide With Me: A Social Ecological Perspective In Selected Pandemic Poetry, Amany Abdullah Abdelaziz Eldiasty, Eman Ebeida Mansour

Kritika Kultura

This article traces the core principles of the social ecological approach, namely, the interconnectedness of social communities and their integration into the natural world in selected poems written by contemporary poets during the coronavirus pandemic and collected in Poetry in Response to the Pandemic, published in 2020 by St. Michael’s Episcopal Church in Arlington, VA. Applying a qualitative approach that integrates interpretive and analytical readings of the selected poems based on Daniel Stokols’s views on social ecology, it argues that although social networks facilitated community engagements during the pandemic (particularly during the lockdown), virtual reality failed to sustain the social …


Alikhan Bokeikhan’S Literary Preservation Of Kazakh Identity Against Colonial Ideology, Assem Osken, Dikhan Qamzabekuly, Bekarys Nuriman Dec 2024

Alikhan Bokeikhan’S Literary Preservation Of Kazakh Identity Against Colonial Ideology, Assem Osken, Dikhan Qamzabekuly, Bekarys Nuriman

Kritika Kultura

In the history of the world, imperialist countries happened to pursue a policy of colonization to destroy ethnic consciousness, culture, language, and knowledge. This article comprehensively analyzes the literary works of the national leader Alikhan Bokeikhan, who opposed the policy of the Russian Empire in the 19th century and its successor, the Soviet government in the 20th century that was aimed at gradually destroying the Kazakh people as a distinct group of Kazakh people. The research shows that literary translations, critical articles, and folklore samples of Bokeikhan greatly contributed to the preservation of Kazakh language, religion, culture, national education and …


Broken Bengal: Tropes Of Conviviality And Fracture In Bangla Fiction, Maurice O'Connor Dec 2024

Broken Bengal: Tropes Of Conviviality And Fracture In Bangla Fiction, Maurice O'Connor

Kritika Kultura

This essay examines how Bangla fiction employs the trope of conviviality as a means to provide an affective understanding of the partition of Bengal. Of principal concern is how Bengali writers, regardless of their religious affiliation, insist upon the existence of a common Bengali across the religious divide. I open my essay with a brief historiographic introduction to the fracturing of Bengali society, contextualizing the backstories that are rarely fleshed out within Bangla fiction yet are elliptically present. Conviviality is the term I use to frame a common Bangla culture, and I explore the concept through Ivan Illich, Thomas Erikson …


Poems, Naya Valdellon Dec 2024

Poems, Naya Valdellon

Kritika Kultura

No abstract provided.


Responses To "Feminism Across Our Generations", Charlie Veric Dec 2024

Responses To "Feminism Across Our Generations", Charlie Veric

Kritika Kultura

No abstract provided.


Dancing Into Oblivion: The Pilipino Cultural Night And The Narration Of Contemporary Filipina/O America, Theodore S. Gonzalves Dec 2024

Dancing Into Oblivion: The Pilipino Cultural Night And The Narration Of Contemporary Filipina/O America, Theodore S. Gonzalves

Kritika Kultura

How have performances developed by Filipino Americans over the twentieth century conveyed important lessons about culture, nation, and community? In other words, what do Filipino American cultural performances have to say about the formation of “national identity” and “community”? I select three contexts to highlight these changes: the postindustrialization of the US economy; the reaction to race, taxes and education in the Bakke vs. UC Board of Regents decision; and the political realignment of the Reagan democrats. We see the continued immigration of Filipino so-called “professional” families to the United States. Their children seek senses of themselves amidst attacks on …


The Day The Dancers Stayed: Expressive Forms Of Culture In United States, Theodore S. Gonzalves Dec 2024

The Day The Dancers Stayed: Expressive Forms Of Culture In United States, Theodore S. Gonzalves

Kritika Kultura

How have performances developed by Filipino Americans over the twentieth century conveyed important lessons about culture, nation, and community? In other words, what do Filipino American cultural performances have to say about the formation of “national identity” and “community”? I select three contexts to highlight these changes: the postindustrialization of the US economy; the reaction to race, taxes and education in the Bakke vs. UC Board of Regents decision; and the political realignment of the Reagan democrats. We see the continued immigration of Filipino so-called “professional” families to the United States. Their children seek senses of themselves amidst attacks on …


Two Approaches To The Positioning Of Translations: A Comparative Study Of Itamar Even-Zohar's Polysystem Studies And Gideon Toury's Descriptive Translation Studies And Beyond, Harry Aveling Dec 2024

Two Approaches To The Positioning Of Translations: A Comparative Study Of Itamar Even-Zohar's Polysystem Studies And Gideon Toury's Descriptive Translation Studies And Beyond, Harry Aveling

Kritika Kultura

This paper aims to analyze the work of two contemporary scholars of Translation theory, Itamar Even-Zohar and Gideon Toury. Their studies arise out of Russian Formalism and their common location at the University of Tel Aviv. Even-Zohar’s Polysystem theory attempts to position texts and their translations within “literary polysystems.” On the other hand, Gideon Toury extends Even-Zohar’s discussion by a more detailed consideration of the role of “norms” in the translation process. This article suggests that Toury’s ideas have been more readily accepted by the academic community because of the way they fit other dimensions of contemporary thought. Although this …


Poinsettias, Danton Remoto Dec 2024

Poinsettias, Danton Remoto

Kritika Kultura

No abstract provided.


How Are Historical Texts To Be Read? My Final Rejoinder To John N. Schumacher, S.J., Floro C. Quibuyen Dec 2024

How Are Historical Texts To Be Read? My Final Rejoinder To John N. Schumacher, S.J., Floro C. Quibuyen

Kritika Kultura

No abstract provided.


Inventing Vernacular Speech-Acts: Articulating Filipino Self-Determintation In The United States, E. San Juan Jr. Dec 2024

Inventing Vernacular Speech-Acts: Articulating Filipino Self-Determintation In The United States, E. San Juan Jr.

Kritika Kultura

How vital is an immigrant’s native language for group self-affirmation? While the Filipino American community in the US (now the largest group of citizens of Asian descent) has not so far demanded bilingual education in the way the Chinese Americans or Chicanos have, the influx of new immigrants more conversant in “Filipino” (the official term for the national language of the Philippines) than in English is producing changes in ethnic self-identification more serious than before. The demand for college courses in Filipino is only a symptom of the greater awareness of exclusion and marginalization within the larger polity supposedly characterized …


Anti-Us Imperialism As Assertion Of Black Subjectivity At The Turn Of The Last Century, Lorenzo Alexander L. Puente Dec 2024

Anti-Us Imperialism As Assertion Of Black Subjectivity At The Turn Of The Last Century, Lorenzo Alexander L. Puente

Kritika Kultura

US imperialism of the Philippines at the turn of the last century raised difficult and painful issues for African Americans struggling to gain justice and equal rights in American society. Kelly Miller, an African American academician and active polemicist for Negro rights, wrote in 1900, at the beginning of the Philippine American War, his essay “The Impact of Imperialism on the Negro Race” to exhort his fellow black Americans to oppose the US colonization of the Philippines and to support Philippine independence. Miller saw through the American government’s policy of “benevolent assimilation” toward the Philippines and recognized its racist underpinnings. …


From Social Realism To The Specter Of Abstraction: Conceptualizing The Visual Practices Of H. R. Ocampo, Jonathan Beller Dec 2024

From Social Realism To The Specter Of Abstraction: Conceptualizing The Visual Practices Of H. R. Ocampo, Jonathan Beller

Kritika Kultura

This study of National Artist H. R. Ocampo argues for the critical necessity of producing a theoretical language adequate to modernist abstract painting in the Philippines. It situates Ocampo’s stylistic shift from Social Realism to what is called “Neorealism” in the context of a post-war exhaustion of the narrative possibilities of nationalism. Both as a result of foreign domination and in order to get at a “pre-ideological” reality, the visual is first sheared off from a matrix of linguistic signification unavoidably overdetermined by questions of the nation. Later, with the Marcos appropriations of Philippine modernism, the momentarily autonomous visual indexed …


Siyam Na Awit Ng Pag-Ibig At Isang Interbensiyong Dalit Ng Panibugho (Nine Love Songs And One Intervening Poem Of Jealousy), E. San Juan Jr., Charlie Samuya Veric Dec 2024

Siyam Na Awit Ng Pag-Ibig At Isang Interbensiyong Dalit Ng Panibugho (Nine Love Songs And One Intervening Poem Of Jealousy), E. San Juan Jr., Charlie Samuya Veric

Kritika Kultura

No abstract provided.


Three Poems: Border Crossing, Dawn (For R.) & Destination (For E.), Danton Remoto Dec 2024

Three Poems: Border Crossing, Dawn (For R.) & Destination (For E.), Danton Remoto

Kritika Kultura

No abstract provided.


Studying Teacher Cognition: The Interplay Of Teacher Beliefs And Instructional Practice, Marianne Rachel C. Gutierrez Dec 2024

Studying Teacher Cognition: The Interplay Of Teacher Beliefs And Instructional Practice, Marianne Rachel C. Gutierrez

Kritika Kultura

This paper is concerned with examining a secondary school teacher’s teaching of literature in relation to her underlying cognition. In particular, it will show the interplay of her beliefs systems and her instructional practice. Starting from a brief discussion of what makes up a literature teacher’s beliefs systems, the paper describes one teacher-participant’s instructional practice and beliefs system seen from a particular framework then presents possible implications for teacher training. Part of a larger study based on what current research on teacher education reveals regarding the influences on and the formation of teachers’ instructional practice and their approach to instructional …


Baroque Modernity And The Colonial World: Aesthetics And Catastrophe In Nick Joaquin’S A Portrait Of The Artist As Filipino, John D. Blanco Dec 2024

Baroque Modernity And The Colonial World: Aesthetics And Catastrophe In Nick Joaquin’S A Portrait Of The Artist As Filipino, John D. Blanco

Kritika Kultura

The point of departure for these reflections is the status of “Hispanism” as an aesthetic mode (and possibly an elitist position or ideology in Philippine society) in a largely ignored debate within Philippine nationalist circles after World War II. In this instance, Dr. Blanco is thinking of the polemic between nationalist historian and poet Teodoro Agoncillo and Filipino national artist Nick Joaquin following the inauguration of a Philippine national republic formally recognized by the League of Nations. In this paper, he wants to focus on one, perhaps the key, manifestation of this "Hispanism" – Joaquin’s recovery of the baroque mode …


In His Own Words: An Interview With Francisco Arcellana On Jose Garcia Villa, Jonathan Chua Dec 2024

In His Own Words: An Interview With Francisco Arcellana On Jose Garcia Villa, Jonathan Chua

Kritika Kultura

No abstract provided.


Remembering Doreen, Bienvenido F. Nebres S.J. Dec 2024

Remembering Doreen, Bienvenido F. Nebres S.J.

Kritika Kultura

No abstract provided.


Mother Doreen, Danton Remoto Dec 2024

Mother Doreen, Danton Remoto

Kritika Kultura

No abstract provided.


Doreen: A Wellspring Of Goodness, Carolina A. Nuñez Dec 2024

Doreen: A Wellspring Of Goodness, Carolina A. Nuñez

Kritika Kultura

No abstract provided.