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2024

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Narrative Rupture As History, Or The Search For The "Missing Text" In Miguel Syjuco's Ilustrada And Gina Apostol's The Revolution According To Raymundo Mata, Dinah T. Roma Dec 2024

Narrative Rupture As History, Or The Search For The "Missing Text" In Miguel Syjuco's Ilustrada And Gina Apostol's The Revolution According To Raymundo Mata, Dinah T. Roma

Kritika Kultura

The search for the “missing text” is the central trope in Miguel Syjuco’s Ilustrado (2008) and Gina Apostol’s The Revolution According to Raymundo Mata (2009). In Ilustrado, the search for The Bridges Ablaze, the missing manuscript of the dead migrant Filipino writer Crispin Salvador propels the novel from beginning to end. In The Revolution According to Raymundo Mata, the tattered loose leaf pages from the diary of the half-blind revolutionary Raymundo Mata become the annotative focus of a psychoanalyst, a translator, and an editor. While the novels have received critical reviews, there have been no studies yet that look into …


How Animals Teach Us To Be Human: Brain Text And Post-Darwinian Animal Fable In Yann Martel's Life Of Pi, Xinyi Cao Dec 2024

How Animals Teach Us To Be Human: Brain Text And Post-Darwinian Animal Fable In Yann Martel's Life Of Pi, Xinyi Cao

Kritika Kultura

Animal fable, a genre that anthropomorphizes animals to convey moral lessons, demonstrates the possibility that animals can be tools to teach us to be ethical human beings. In this article1 I adopt ethical literary criticism, especially its conception of human-animal relations and the term brain text to investigate the role and place of animal fable in Yann Martel’s novel Life of Pi to explore how the post-Darwinian animal might be exploited by fabulists to tackle human reality. In the novel, brain texts of Pi as the storyteller reveal his intention to use stories as ethical interpretations of his experience which …


Brain Text And Traumatic Postmemory In Jonathan Safran Foer's Extremely Loud And Incredibly Close, Ercong Gao, Junwu Tian Dec 2024

Brain Text And Traumatic Postmemory In Jonathan Safran Foer's Extremely Loud And Incredibly Close, Ercong Gao, Junwu Tian

Kritika Kultura

By adopting Nie Zhenzhao’s conception of brain text, this paper explicates the generation of traumatic postmemories as represented in Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close by Jonathan Safran Foer, a third-generation descendant of Holocaust witnesses. The authors argue that the traumatic effects of great catastrophic events, such as the Holocaust during the Second World War and the 9/11 terrorist attacks in 2001, can be transformed into brain texts of horror and trauma of the survivors, which, with time passing by, become the traumatic postmemories of the survivors’ descendants who have not experienced these events. As far as this novel is concerned, …


A Morally Oriented Crusoe From The West To The East: Brain Text And The Formation Of A World Literature Canon, Haifeng Hui Dec 2024

A Morally Oriented Crusoe From The West To The East: Brain Text And The Formation Of A World Literature Canon, Haifeng Hui

Kritika Kultura

Robinson Crusoe is a world classic that has well transcended national and historical boundaries. Yet, its popularity with Anglophone and Chinese readers does not imply a similar interpretation of the protagonist and its moral lessons. From the perspective of readers’ reading expectations and interpretations, the brain text of a literary work functions as a negotiating agent in the interplay among the real author, the implied author, the implied reader, and the actual reader in the sense that it both projects prior understanding based on secondhand knowledge about the text and the framework of interpretation in the cognitive dimension during the …


Brain Text In Graphic Form: Ethical Identity And Ethical Choices In David Small's Stitches, Yun Lan Dec 2024

Brain Text In Graphic Form: Ethical Identity And Ethical Choices In David Small's Stitches, Yun Lan

Kritika Kultura

In the conceptual system of ethical literary criticism, “brain text” mainly accounts for literary production, reception, and circulation in connection with the moral dimension of literature. This paper1 attempts to broaden the application of brain text as well as ethical literary criticism through a detailed analysis of David Small’s graphic memoir Stitches. Comparing the life stories of David and his mother, we may find striking similarities: both fall victim to mental and physical violence inflicted by their family at a young age; however, their lives meet different ends. David eventually sets out on a promising journey towards becoming a writer …


A Portrait Of The Artist As A Young Teenager: Ethical Literary Criticism And David Mitchell's Black Swan Green, Jiayi Chen Dec 2024

A Portrait Of The Artist As A Young Teenager: Ethical Literary Criticism And David Mitchell's Black Swan Green, Jiayi Chen

Kritika Kultura

Inspired by ethical literary criticism, this article1 attempts to bring to critical attention the ethical dimensions of Mitchell’s war writing in Black Swan Green. By analyzing the way in which Jason’s brain text in relation to war formulates and develops, this article tries to throw light on Mitchell’s strategy of approaching and reconsidering the causes and consequences of war from the perspective of a teenager. It is argued that Mitchell has exploited diverse expressive resources—the art of the fragmentary, for example—to break new ground for rethinking the wars that fade into history. Instead of portraying violent scenes where bloody battles …


Multiple Brain Texts And Trauma Writing: In Don Delillo's Falling Man, Qingji He Dec 2024

Multiple Brain Texts And Trauma Writing: In Don Delillo's Falling Man, Qingji He

Kritika Kultura

By taking the concept of brain text, this paper1 attempts to illustrate that Falling Man by Don DeLillo is an exemplar of how brain text(s) can be processed into literary text(s). Firstly, this paper extends Nie’s concept to include four types of brain texts, namely, those pertaining to characters, readers, society, and writers, then probes into DeLillo’s trauma writing by showing how DeLillo (re)represents different characters’ brain texts in the novel. The silence and loud voice of Drew’s photo “The Falling Man” function to simulate and build up readers’ brain text, and DeLillo’s criticism of “us-them” ideology as society’s brain …


Exploring Fan Passions Driving Consumer Engagement: The Case Of Philippine K-Pop And K-Drama Fans, Erik Paolo Capistrano, Michael Patent, Twila Bergania-De Vega Dec 2024

Exploring Fan Passions Driving Consumer Engagement: The Case Of Philippine K-Pop And K-Drama Fans, Erik Paolo Capistrano, Michael Patent, Twila Bergania-De Vega

Kritika Kultura

This research1 presents two main streams of discourse on managing an interesting cultural export product that has earned phenomenal worldwide attention: (1) The influence of fan passions on consumer engagement (CE) behaviors; and (2) the theoretical and practical value of perceiving CE as a process, analyzed within the context of the Hallyu, or Korean Wave, phenomenon, specifically for K-pop and K-drama fans. Analyzing 6,755 survey responses from Philippine fans, the multiple regression results find that fan passions are indeed favorably significant drivers of online CE behaviors of pop cultural content consumption, community formation, conversation making, and commerce behaviors. Furthermore, this …


Editor's Introduction, Vincenz Serrano Dec 2024

Editor's Introduction, Vincenz Serrano

Kritika Kultura

No abstract provided.


Covid-19: Kritikal Na Pagsusuri Ng Diskurso Ng Kagawaran Ng Kalusugan Sa Unang Yugto Ng Pandemya Sa Pilipinas, Alona Jumaquio-Ardales, Nathaniel Oco Dec 2024

Covid-19: Kritikal Na Pagsusuri Ng Diskurso Ng Kagawaran Ng Kalusugan Sa Unang Yugto Ng Pandemya Sa Pilipinas, Alona Jumaquio-Ardales, Nathaniel Oco

Kritika Kultura

The paper contributed to the literature of COVID-19 in the Philippines by conducting an interdisciplinary study on the discourse of the Department of Health during the early phase of the pandemic in the country. The frame of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), the process of Human Language Technology (HLT), and the concept of Crisis Management (CM) were used in analyzing the press conferences and virtual pressers. There were 56 videos selected from 30 January to 30 May 2020 using the technique of Browsing, Linking, Shortlisting, and Focusing (BLSF). The results of the study showed that: (1) Filipino language was the medium …


Front Matter, Kritika Kultura Dec 2024

Front Matter, Kritika Kultura

Kritika Kultura

No abstract provided.


An Introduction To The Afterlife Of "On The Road", Jinhyoung Lee Dec 2024

An Introduction To The Afterlife Of "On The Road", Jinhyoung Lee

Kritika Kultura

No abstract provided.


An English Translation Of "Tahir And Zohra," An Azerbaijini Love Dastan, Krishnavanie Shunmugam, Amin Amirdabbaghian, Shahla Naghiyeva Dec 2024

An English Translation Of "Tahir And Zohra," An Azerbaijini Love Dastan, Krishnavanie Shunmugam, Amin Amirdabbaghian, Shahla Naghiyeva

Kritika Kultura

No abstract provided.


Fidelities, Sandra Ataíde Lobo Dec 2024

Fidelities, Sandra Ataíde Lobo

Kritika Kultura

The present study articulates the approach to Vimala Devi’s intellectual biography between late 1950s until early 1970s with a look at her writings about Goa (1962-1971) as a cycle of cultural intervention on the coeval debate about Portuguese colonialism and Goan identity. A debate that was running both in Portugal and Goa, having narratives about Goa, Goan literature and print histories played a crucial role. Analysing such activity may not ignore the conditioning of writing and publishing under Salazar’s dictatorship, the possibilities for differentiated positioning within the regime, and the limits to dissent. Nor may it ignore how Portuguese opposition …


The Descendente Elite Of Goa: The Role Of Literature In The Construction And Dismantling Of Stereotypes, Luís Pedroso De Lima Cabral De Oliviera Dec 2024

The Descendente Elite Of Goa: The Role Of Literature In The Construction And Dismantling Of Stereotypes, Luís Pedroso De Lima Cabral De Oliviera

Kritika Kultura

Was Vimala Devi yet another author since at least the seventeenth century to have followed in the footsteps of Portuguese writers—Bocage, Tomás Ribeiro, the Kopkes, Camilo Castelo Branco, Eça de Queiroz, Vitorino Nemésio and Manuel de Seabra—in painting a stereotyped and rather grotesque image of the descendente (roughly, Creole) elite of Goa in her short story “The Subsidy”? If so, in what way did she take on, rework, or contribute to this cliché? This question is the common thread running through the present article, which gives an overview of the stereotyped image of the descendentes as it emerges in the …


Architecture, Nationalism, And The Fleeting Heyday Of The Goan Temple, Amita Kanekar Dec 2024

Architecture, Nationalism, And The Fleeting Heyday Of The Goan Temple, Amita Kanekar

Kritika Kultura

This essay about the changing architecture of Brahmanical shrines in Goa uses archival images to argue that the period from the mid- nineteenth century to the first decades of the twentieth was the heyday of the Goan temple, an architectural type of pronounced heterogeneity. A significant number of temples were rebuilt at this time into this form, along with the definitive establishment of a vocabulary that drew from the European Renaissance and Baroque, as well as the Deccan Sultanates and the Mughals. These developments happened against a backdrop of the rising influence of the dominant Brahmanical castes of Goa, especially …


Tiatr: Shaming, Humiliation, And The Dignity Project, Jason Keith Fernandes Dec 2024

Tiatr: Shaming, Humiliation, And The Dignity Project, Jason Keith Fernandes

Kritika Kultura

Despite the popular acclaim and the sparse but enthusiastic academic attention that it has received, tiatr, the Konkani language theatrical tradition from Goa’s Old Conquests region, has battled a profound deprecation. It has consistently been dismissed as unsophisticated and “lacking in standard” and has regularly submitted to rigorous efforts to upgrade its standard. This essay locates this dismissal as the result of the shaming of working class and lower caste Catholics by those promoting British-Indian nationalist sensibilities, and examines the claim of humiliation by the tiatrist and activists promoting the rights of the largely Catholic communities using the Roman script …


A Comparative Cultural Study Of The "Body" In Chinese And Western Scholarship, Wei Guo, Peina Zhuang Dec 2024

A Comparative Cultural Study Of The "Body" In Chinese And Western Scholarship, Wei Guo, Peina Zhuang

Kritika Kultura

The body has become a research hotspot, attracting the attention of scholars in the fields of anthropology, literature, philosophy, sociology, and aesthetics. During this process, traditional Chinese and Western views on the body changed in varying degrees, and new corporeal theories came to the forefront. This article, based on the analytical overview of the comparative cultural studies of the body in Chinese scholarship, points out that problems are still abound and there is much room left for body studies in the future, as testified by the deficiencies in the status quo, such as the repeated usage of keywords in research, …


Bodies And Body Politics Of China's Northeastern Rust Belt, Yina Cao, Xudong Guo Dec 2024

Bodies And Body Politics Of China's Northeastern Rust Belt, Yina Cao, Xudong Guo

Kritika Kultura

The old industrial zone in northeastern China—China’s rust belt region—is a fertile site to explore the body’s political significance in China’s industrial rises and falls. In recent years, writers in the rust belt region have been increasingly concerned about the social impact of the region’s economic decline, with Zhang Meng’s film The Piano in a Factory (2010) and Shuang Xuetao’s novella Moses on the Plain (2016) being the most representative. Taking these two ar- tistic works as examples, this article discusses the implications of “organ” metaphors describ- ing the “rust belt.” This article uses the perspective of body politics and …


Reading Corporeality In The Climate Change Era: A Comparative Study Of Seamus Heaney's And Hua Hai's Ecological Poetry, Chao Xie Dec 2024

Reading Corporeality In The Climate Change Era: A Comparative Study Of Seamus Heaney's And Hua Hai's Ecological Poetry, Chao Xie

Kritika Kultura

Few critics have paid serious attention to the corporeality depicted in the Nobel Laureate Seamus Heaney’s climate change poetry, despite the fact that the body has become an increasingly crucial topic in the climate change era. In a situation similar to Heaney’s, the Chinese ecopoet Hua Hai has stressed the mutual transformations between different forms of bodies in his works, but there have been few studies on Hua’s ideas of the body. These ideas are closely related to Confucianism and Daoism in particular. This article, referencing corporeal theories in the West and the East, is a comparative reading of Heaney’s …


Corpus Interruptus: An Introduction To The Forum Kritika On Theorizing Corporeality In The Climate Change Era, Simon C. Estok Dec 2024

Corpus Interruptus: An Introduction To The Forum Kritika On Theorizing Corporeality In The Climate Change Era, Simon C. Estok

Kritika Kultura

No abstract provided.


Postcolonial Pharmakon: Traumatic Transmission In Tony Perez's Cubao-Kalaw Kalaw-Cubao, Ryan Ku Dec 2024

Postcolonial Pharmakon: Traumatic Transmission In Tony Perez's Cubao-Kalaw Kalaw-Cubao, Ryan Ku

Kritika Kultura

Tracing Tony Perez’s Filipino modernism in Cubao–Kalaw Kalaw–Cubao to trauma, this article considers whether the novel’s processing of psychic trauma also amounts to the processing of national trauma. Seemingly positing representation as the means of traumatic processing, Perez, in distinguishing the unconscious transmission of the traumatic event from the conscious narration of its aftereffects, in fact premises representation on deconstruction. Consisting in the displaced and deferred repetition, or writing, of trauma, this process is facilitated in the novel by three discursive practices—Catholicism, psychotherapy, and creative writing—that are derived from the colonial history of the Philippines. Rather than corresponding to the …


The Compositional Paradox In Violence: Classes Of Bhadralok And Chotolk In The Naxalite Novel, Debjani Sarkar, Nirban Manna Dec 2024

The Compositional Paradox In Violence: Classes Of Bhadralok And Chotolk In The Naxalite Novel, Debjani Sarkar, Nirban Manna

Kritika Kultura

This article problematizes the class and caste-based binary of the bhadralok and the chotolok entwined with the Naxalite/Maoist insurgency in India. These long-catalogued terms have been defined and categorized in this article through a study of Jhumpa Lahiri’s The Lowland (2013) and Swati Sengupta’s Guns on My Red Earth (2013). In the 1970s, India’s tryst with communism in the form of the Naxalite-Maoist movement saw these two srenis (bhadralok and chotolok) of Bengali society come together. Though superficially corresponding to the Marxist class binary of the bourgeois and the proletariat, these classes entail a subtle difference and do not necessarily …


Memory Lost And Revived: Zhang Chengzhi's Fictional Works On Educated Youth Sent To The Countryside, Jane Qian Liu Dec 2024

Memory Lost And Revived: Zhang Chengzhi's Fictional Works On Educated Youth Sent To The Countryside, Jane Qian Liu

Kritika Kultura

The experience of life as sent-down youth was often depicted as a poignant life journey in many contemporary Chinese literary works, the memory of which people tend to obliterate. However, in his earlier fictional works, particularly in Rivers of the North (1984), Zhang Chengzhi (b. 1948) endeavors to revive that memory by having his protagonists revisit the locations where they were once sent, as a result of which they not only revisit “inhabited space”, but also relive “past time”. Youthful idealism which is closely associated with these geographical peripheries is revived and the memory of life as sent-down youth once …


Democratic Poetics: A Comparative Study Of The Us And Iran, Behnam Fomeshi Dec 2024

Democratic Poetics: A Comparative Study Of The Us And Iran, Behnam Fomeshi

Kritika Kultura

Walt Whitman (1819–1892), the father of American free verse, and Nima Yushij (1897–1960), the father of Persian New Poetry, each played a central role in his respective poetic tradition. Whitman’s free verse and Yushij’s New Poetry are the results of translating the discourse of democracy to a literary discourse. In this way, there are multiple points of comparison between these poets’ corresponding approaches to poetic theory, practice, and context. The purpose of the present study is to unravel the relationship between sociopolitical situations in Whitman’s and Yushij’s societies and examine the resulting literary changes. Analysis of the points of similarity …


Consumed By Affects: Kwentong Jollibee [Jollibee Stories], Happy Objects, And The Formation Of Intimate Publics, Jeremy De Chavez Dec 2024

Consumed By Affects: Kwentong Jollibee [Jollibee Stories], Happy Objects, And The Formation Of Intimate Publics, Jeremy De Chavez

Kritika Kultura

In 2016, the Jollibee Food Corporation, a Philippine multinational company that owns the world’s largest Asia-based fast-food chain Jollibee, launched Kwentong Jollibee [Jollibee Stories], a highly successful digital marketing campaign. Kwentong Jollibee advertisements have a reputation for being able to express the shared sentiments of a diverse collective. Typically simple and highly sentimental narratives, those advertisements promote good intentions and feelings as reliable and facile antidotes to everyday problems, cultivating a commodity culture that encourages an irrational trust in the powers of positive affects. In this paper, I examine the role of positive feelings and affects in synchronizing private and …


Construction And Comprehension Of Fictional Dystopia: A Cognitive Study Of Anna Burns's Milkman, Roghayeh Farsi, Abbas Ali Hallaji Dec 2024

Construction And Comprehension Of Fictional Dystopia: A Cognitive Study Of Anna Burns's Milkman, Roghayeh Farsi, Abbas Ali Hallaji

Kritika Kultura

This paper investigates how fictional dystopia is constructed and comprehended, relying upon the cognitive operations of categorization and positioning. It argues that characters develop out of tensions between self-aligned categories and others-aligned ones. The argument is carried out through a detailed analysis of Burns’s fictional dystopia, Milkman (2018). It divides the novel along three story levels, each level examining how the narrator, as the presenting self, positions her presented self with respect to other characters, to herself, and to readers. The study also looks for the narrator’s cognitive urges for portraying herself along the imposed categories and inflicted positions. It …


The Philippines In Contemporary Mexican Poetry: Presence And Omission, Ignacio Ballester Pardo Dec 2024

The Philippines In Contemporary Mexican Poetry: Presence And Omission, Ignacio Ballester Pardo

Kritika Kultura

In 1606, Antonio de Morga published Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, appearing to establish a point of contact, which endures in the still-overlooked but undeniably extant relationship of the Philippines with contemporary Mexican Spanish-language poetry. Although minimal, certain Philippine ties have been observed in recent decades in Mexico, the country with the greatest number of Spanish speakers in the world. Unlike Cuba or Puerto Rico, the Philippines has been forgotten by Hispanic culture in a tradition that continues in the twenty-first century. Despite this uprooting from, which might be observed in a first a preliminary study that other researchers may …


Front Matter, Kritika Kultura Dec 2024

Front Matter, Kritika Kultura

Kritika Kultura

No abstract provided.


Filipino/English Play-Drive, E. San Juan Jr. Dec 2024

Filipino/English Play-Drive, E. San Juan Jr.

Kritika Kultura

No abstract provided.