Digital Commons Network^™

Improving Growth Models Of Cultivated Sugar Kelp, Saccharina Latissima, By Accounting For Intraspecific Variation In Thermal Tolerance, Ruby Krasnow, Sara Gonzalez, Scott Lindell

Student Publications [Scholarly]

Dynamic models of sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) growth are used to estimate the production potential of seaweed aquaculture in many regions around the world. These models do not currently account for the existence of S. latissima ecotypes that are adapted to regional environmental conditions, particularly temperature. We tested the hypothesis that recalibrating the temperature parameters of a dynamic energy budget model using literature data for S. latissima from regions with a similar climate to the region of interest would result in more accurate predictions than using a general species-wide temperature response curve. Calibrating the model using data from warm regions …

Grappling With Real Property Supremacy In Us Urban Climate Finance, Julia Wagner, Mark Kear, Sarah Knuth, Sahar Zavareh Hofmann, Zac E. Taylor

Student Publications [Scholarly]

In US cities, drives to secure property value against climate risks have become a preoccupation for mainstream climate finance. This real property bias sidelines non-owners and inhabitants of historically marginalized housing types, limiting their capacity to prepare for and recover from climate change events. In this intervention, we survey major pathways of existing climate finance, before turning to emerging trends for residential ‘climate-proofing,’ retrofitting efforts that bring climate finance ‘home’ to the building level. Building on the concept of ‘real property supremacy,’ we demonstrate how resourcing climate response is limited by the privileging of real property in the structure and …

White Adipose Tissue Remodeling In Little Brown Myotis (Myotis Lucifugus) With White-Nose Syndrome, Evan L. Pannkuk, Marianne S. Moore

Faculty Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Literature And The Law, Melissa J. Ganz

English Faculty Research and Publications

The law underwent significant changes in eighteenth-century Britain. Although these changes resulted in an expansion of rights and freedoms for some British subjects, the liberalization of the law was far from complete. This chapter considers how writers working in a range of genres revealed the limits of the law, focusing on debates about the nature and ends of criminal justice, the legal regulation of marriage, and the legality of slavery and the slave trade. In different ways and to different degrees, the chapter shows, writers challenged and reimagined the inequalities inscribed in and fostered by the legal system.

A Taxonomy Of Life Writing: Exploring The Functions Of Meaningful Self-Sponsored Writing In Everyday Life, Heather Lindenman, Dana Lynn Driscoll, Andrea Efthymiou, Matthew Pavesich, Jennifer Reid

English Faculty Research and Publications

This essay takes as its focus the everyday writing that people compose: the self-sponsored, nonobligatory texts that people write mainly outside of work and school. Through analysis of 713 survey responses and 27 interviews with accompanying writing samples, this study provides a panoramic view of the functions of self-sponsored writing and rhetorical activity for U.S. adults, ages 18 to 65+ years, from a range of geographic, cultural, and professional backgrounds. The Taxonomy of Life Writing presented in this essay demonstrates the range of ways that writing functions in people’s daily lives. It includes 19 key functions of life writing, organized …

The Impact Of Low-Head Dams On Freshwater Turtle Species Assemblages, Sarah Simmons

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Turtles are an important component of many freshwater ecosystems, yet the impact of dams on freshwater turtles is an understudied topic globally. Past studies have focused on large dams and there is no literature addressing the impact of dams on turtle species assemblages. Dams affect turtles and their habitat by altering water flow, ecological communities, nesting and basking sites, and overwintering sites, and restricting turtle movements. Indiana has many low-head dams that no longer serve their original function, are in disrepair, and are hazardous to kayakers. There are ongoing efforts to remove these dams to improve stream ecology and safety. …

It’S A Trap?! Escape From An Ancient, Ancestral Sex Chromosome System And Implication Of Foxl2 As The Putative Primary Sex-Determining Gene In A Lizard (Anguimorpha; Shinisauridae), Brendan J. Pinto, Stuart V. Nielsen, Kathryn A. Sullivan, Ashmika Behere, Shannon E. Keating, Mona Van Schingen-Khan, Truong Q. Nguyen, Thomas Ziegler, Jennifer Pramuk, Melissa A. Wilson, Tony Gamble

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Although sex determination is ubiquitous in vertebrates, mechanisms of sex determination vary from environmentally to genetically influenced. In vertebrates, genetic sex determination is typically accomplished with sex chromosomes. Groups like mammals maintain conserved sex chromosome systems, while sex chromosomes in most vertebrate clades are not conserved across similar evolutionary timescales. One group inferred to have an evolutionarily stable mode of sex determination is Anguimorpha, a clade of charismatic taxa including monitor lizards, Gila monsters, and crocodile lizards. The common ancestor of extant anguimorphs possessed a ZW system that has been retained across the clade. However, the sex chromosome system in …

Stress Biology: Complexity And Multifariousness In Health And Disease, Emily M. Sontag

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Preserving and regulating cellular homeostasis in the light of changing environmental conditions or developmental processes is of pivotal importance for single cellular and multicellular organisms alike. To counteract an imbalance in cellular homeostasis transcriptional programs evolved, called the heat shock response, unfolded protein response, and integrated stress response, that act cell-autonomously in most cells but in multicellular organisms are subjected to cell-nonautonomous regulation. These transcriptional programs downregulate the expression of most genes but increase the expression of heat shock genes, including genes encoding molecular chaperones and proteases, proteins involved in the repair of stress-induced damage to macromolecules and cellular structures. …

Making Sense Of 303 Creative: A Free Speech Solution In Search Of A Problem, David S. Schwartz

Constitutional Commentary, Vol. 37 and later (2023–present)

In 303 Creative v. Elenis, the Supreme Court held that a website designer had a First Amendment right to refuse to create wedding websites for same-sex couples, even though she would create such websites for opposite-sex couples and despite the fact that her refusal violated a Colorado antidiscrimination law. 303 Creative purports to resolve a tension between freedom of speech and public accommodations laws as applied to “creative professionals” whose products or services are expressive. But this problem is largely theoretical. It did not really exist outside a small handful of ginned-up controversies between purportedly creative wedding-related businesses run by …

The Volokh Briefs: Drawing The Line Against Compelled Speech In Public Accommodations, Dale Carpenter

Constitutional Commentary, Vol. 37 and later (2023–present)

Although I generally support the result in 303 Creative, my aim here is neither to fully explain nor to defend the decision. That’s a project for another day. Instead, in this symposium commemorating Professor Volokh’s work, my aim is to outline the legal position he developed, which aligned with and may have influenced the decision. I’ll focus on what I believe are the most important briefs in three key cases: Elane Photography (2013), Masterpiece Cakeshop (2018), and 303 Creative (2023) itself. Collectively, I’ll refer to these as “the Volokh briefs.” While others contributed, Volokh and his First Amendment amicus clinic …

Mechanism Of Action Of Kl-50, A Candidate Imidazotetrazine For The Treatment Of Drug-Resistant Brain Cancers, Eric D. Huseman, Anna Lo, Olga Fedorova, James L. Elia, Susan E. Gueble, Kingson Lin, Ranjini K. Sundaram, Jooneseok Oh, Jinchan Liu, Fabian Menges, Matthew G. Rees, Melissa M. Ronan, Jennifer A. Roth, Victor S. Batista, Jason M. Crawford, Anna M. Pyle, Ranjit S. Bindra, Seth B. Herzon

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

Aberrant DNA repair is a hallmark of cancer, and many tumors display reduced DNA repair capacities that sensitize them to genotoxins. Here, we demonstrate that the differential DNA repair capacities of healthy and transformed tissue may be exploited to obtain highly selective chemotherapies. We show that the novel N3-(2-fluoroethyl)imidazotetrazine “KL-50” is a selective toxin toward tumors that lack the DNA repair protein O⁶-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT), which reverses the formation of O⁶-alkylguanine lesions. We establish that KL-50 generates DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs) by a multistep process comprising DNA alkylation to generate an O⁶-(2-fluoroethyl)guanine (O⁶FEtG) …

Effects Of Dehumanization And Disgust-Eliciting Language On Attitudes Toward Immigration: A Sentiment Analysis Of Twitter Data, Katherine S. Wahrer, Cynthia J. Najdowski, John V. Passarelli

Psychology Faculty Scholarship

Attitudes towards immigration have been shown to be driven by dehumanization and disgust. The more people dehumanize immigrants and the more disgusted they feel, the more negative attitudes they tend to have toward immigrants. However, little is known about how exposure to social media content that links dehumanization, disgust, and immigration influences users’ attitudes on this issue. This is important to consider because the majority of adults in the United States are on social media. We used Twitter data, machine learning, and sentiment analysis to investigate whether exposure to dehumanizing or disgust-eliciting tweets about immigration impacts users’ own sentiment toward …

An Examination Of The Visual And Textual Influences On The Anthology Of American Folk Music, Ben Collier

History Theses

The Anthology of American Folk Music is a collection of eight-four selections of southern vernacular recordings made for commercial record labels in the 1920s and 1930s and assembled into a unified collage by Harry Smith. Smith was an experimental filmmaker, painter, and self-taught anthropologist with a deep interest in renaissance hermeticism and mysticism who worked with Moe Asch in 1952 to release the six-record set and accompanying handbook on Folkways Records. The release was heralded by musicians and critics as an essential piece of influence on the folk music revival. Despite this, the Anthology sold poorly and quickly faced legal …

Social-Emotional Learning Integration In Italian Classrooms, Rachael Blair

International Professional Development Partnerships (IPDP) Consortium

This study examines how social-emotional learning (SEL) is integrated into Italian classrooms. Specifically, what types of SEL goals, activities, or practices are implemented within the curriculum. The methods used to collect data included reading and analyzing the blogs of other participants of IPDS Siena. Prior to my travels, during my time in Siena, and after returning to the United States, I wrote my own blog posts that have allowed me to reflect on the SEL techniques used in my mentor teacher’s classroom. I also collected field notes while in the school to evaluate how my mentor incorporated and prioritized social …

Discourses That Undermine Union Movements: A Multimodal Analysis Of Union-Busting Videos, Theresa A. Catalano, Julia Schleck

Department of Teaching, Learning, and Teacher Education: Faculty Publications

Labor unions in the United States have experienced decades of decline, but recent years have seen a rebirth of union campaigns and successes. Because unions are once again becoming a threat to large companies, it is reasonable to assume that efforts to discourage organizing efforts will increase and become even more robust in the near future. Although traditionally, companies have worked to suspend union organizing through captive audience meetings in which unions were discussed via verbal or written modes, more recent means of reaching workers with anti-union messages incorporate a variety of communication strategies to get the message across. As …

Collaborative Aesthetic Experiences And Teacher Learners: Arts-Practice Research In A Teacher Education Classroom, Theresa A. Catalano, Inoussa Malgoubri, Jennifer Bockerman, Hector Palala Martínez, Mackayla Kelsey, Leonardo Brandolini, Ilia Shcherbakov

Department of Teaching, Learning, and Teacher Education: Faculty Publications

This paper explores the experiences of six teacher learners and one teacher educator in a graduate course on aesthetic education at a Midwestern university in the U.S. Using collective autoethnography and arts-practice research, the researcher/participants examine how aesthetic experiences were activated in the learning environment and how this activation supported the development of transformational rethinking that led to the changing of formed habits of teaching. Findings reveal how aesthetic teacher education can be therapeutic, aid in building connections between the teacher and students (and among students), inspire wonder and discovery, facilitate the valuing and including of cultural and linguistic backgrounds …

Physicians And The Holocaust: Book Of Responses, Quotes, Reflections, Yanil Ramirez

Physicians and the Holocaust Student Books

A book of responses, quotes, and reflections written for Physicians and the Holocaust course.

Low Spatial Habitat Overlap Of Herbivores In The High Arctic Tundra, Virve Ravolainen, Ingrid M. G. Paulsen, Isabell Eischeid, Jennifer Sorensen Forbey, Eva Fuglei, Tomáš Hájek, Brage B. Hansen, Leif Egil Loe, Petr Macek, Jesper Madsen, Eeva M. Soininen, James D. M. Speed, Audun Stien, Hans Tømmervik, Åshild Ønvik Pedersen

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Herbivores play a crucial role in shaping tundra ecosystems through their effects on vegetation, nutrient cycling, and soil abiotic factors. Understanding their habitat use, co-occurrence, and overlap is therefore essential for informing ecosystem-based management and conservation. In the High Arctic, only a marginal proportion of the land area is vegetated, and climate change is impacting herbivore population sizes and their habitats. In this study, we assessed the spatial habitat overlap of a vertebrate herbivore community based on: 1) regional predictive summer habitat suitability models for the resident Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus), resident Svalbard rock ptarmigan (Lagopus …

Reciprocal Inhibition And Competitive Hierarchy Cause Negative Biodiversity-Ecosystem Function Relationships, Rafael D'Andrea, Gabriel Khattar, Thomas Koffel, Veronica F. Frans, Leonora S. Bittleston, Catalina Cuellar-Gempeler

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem function (BEF) captivates ecologists, but the factors responsible for the direction of this relationship remain unclear. While higher ecosystem functioning at higher biodiversity levels (‘positive BEF’) is not universal in nature, negative BEF relationships seem puzzlingly rare. Here, we develop a dynamical consumer-resource model inspired by microbial decomposer communities in pitcher plant leaves to investigate BEF. We manipulate microbial diversity via controlled colonization and measure their function as total ammonia production. We test how niche partitioning among bacteria and other ecological processes influence BEF in the leaves. We find that a negative BEF can …

The Relationship Between Being Uninsured And Having Poor Health Outcomes And Experiences In Eastern Kentucky, Danielle Adams, Amber Todd

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Objective: To examine health insurance and health outcome disparities in Eastern Kentucky since Kentucky’s implementation of the Affordable Care Act. Methods: Using data from County Health Rankings and Roadmap, rates of uninsurance will be compared before and a decade after implementation of the ACA in Kentucky (2013 and 2023). In addition, prevalence of certain health outcomes in Eastern Kentucky will be compared from 2013 and 2023 and correlation established between uninsured rates and particular health outcomes for 2023. Results: Since 2013, the percentage of those uninsured in Eastern Kentucky has seen a significant decline. While there is no correlation between …

2024-2025, Benjamin N. Cardozo School Of Law

Student Handbooks

No abstract provided.

Seasonal Abundance Of The Nudibranch Dondice Jupiteriensis On The Colonial Hydroid Eudendrium Carneum, Erika Molina, Daniela Gutierrez-Andrade, Samantha Schlegel, Julia Piper, Louis J. Ambrosio, Michael L. Middlebrooks

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Benthic colonial hydroids often serve as a host to a large variety of invertebrate taxa. The colonial hydroid Eudendrium carneum Clarke, 1882 is host to a variety of epifauna, including the recently described nudibranch Dondice jupiteriensis García—Méndez & Valdés, 2022. Like many species of heterobranch sea slugs, little is known about the natural history and population biology of D. jupiteriensis. Here we describe a year—long study recording the population density and size structure of D. jupiteriensis on E. carneum colonies in Tampa Bay, FL USA. We found that the D. jupiteriensis population persists year—round but is the densest during …

Separation Of Structures, Alex Zhang

Faculty Articles

This Article makes three main contributions. First, it fleshes out the theory of separation of structures as distinct from contemporary scholarly approaches. Second, it writes the intellectual history of separation of structures, which has been an integral part of the separation of powers enterprise since its inception, including at the Founding. Third, it explores the scholarly and doctrinal implications of structural separation of powers. In particular, adjudicating the constitutionality of agency structures requires methodological pluralism that incorporates the normative values underlying the structural design. That is, under separation of structures, current doctrine should evolve beyond the formalism heavily criticized by …

Criminal Recordkeeping, Andrew K. Jennings

Faculty Articles

Business managers must create and keep records for decision-making. Yet doing so presents an obvious problem for those who manage illegal businesses: their records would make for powerful evidence in the hands of prosecutors. That problem raises a question—why would one knowingly create and keep such records when their mere existence risks detection and sanction? The answer, in short, is that the interaction of illicit activity’s complexity and continuity compels recordkeeping. A business, including a criminal one, cannot be managed without adequate information about its operations, obligations, and condition. Just how complex and long-lived its affairs are will drive the …

Climatizing National Security, Mark P. Nevitt

Faculty Articles

Is climate change a national security issue? Human security? Ecological security? This Article addresses the growing nexus between climate change and various conceptions of security with a particular emphasis on climate change's national security impacts. This Article argues that there is a growing connection between national security and climate change and a corresponding need to address the normative implications of "climatizing national security." This connection can be observed through three lenses: mitigation (reducing greenhouse gas emissions from military and national security sources); adaptation (investing in climate resilient infrastructure in an effort to prepare for climate impacts), and response (addressing climate-exacerbated …

Don't Kill The Baby! The Case For Ai In Arbitration, Michael J. Broyde, Yiyang Mei

Faculty Articles

Since the introduction of Generative AI (GenAI) in 2022, its ability to simulate human intelligence and generate content has sparked both enthusiasm and concern. While much of the criticism focuses on AI’s potential to perpetuate bias, create emotional dissonance, displace jobs, and raise ethical questions, these concerns often overlook the practical benefits of AI, particularly in legal contexts. This article examines the integration of AI into arbitration, arguing that the Federal Arbitration Act (FAA) allows parties to contractually choose AI-driven arbitration, despite traditional reservations.

This article makes three key contributions: (1) It shifts the focus from debates over AI’s personhood …

Cultivating Attentiveness To Law In India Through Legal Anthropology, Deepa Das Acevedo, Jahnavi Chamarthi

Faculty Articles

This Article reviews and analyses scholarship at the intersection of anthropology and law. The first half of the Article provides context for understanding the boundaries, animating concerns, and tensions that have characterised the anthropology of law as an area of interdisciplinary inquiry. We focus especially on the subdiscipline’s Anglo-American history and show how a promising early period of engagement dissipated as both anthropologists and legal scholars lost enthusiasm for each others’ insights and methods. Then, we expand our analysis outward. Because legal anthropology belongs within, and is increasingly attentive to, the broader field of law and society scholarship, we explore …

The Influence Of Drd2 Polymorphism Exon 8 C/T (Rs6276) On Manifestations Of Delirium Tremens & Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures, Naomi Schneider

Honors Theses and Capstones

This study explores the correlation between the DRD2 Polymorphism exon 8 C/T (rs6276) and manifestations of delirium tremens (DT). DT is a condition that is clinically diagnosed utilizing two characteristic symptom manifestations: the presence of delirium and severe alcohol withdrawal. It is not entirely understood why DT can occur in some patients, but evidence has suggested that genetic predisposition can play a role. Utilizing the National Institutes of Health (NIH) All of Us Research database and performing a secondary analysis of existing genomic data, this candidate gene association study aims to determine the genotype frequencies within three cohorts: a healthy …

Lead Exposure: Neurological Implications, Transmission In Utero, And Treatment, Chana Birnbaum

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Blood lead levels are routinely measured in pediatric clinics due to the well-documented detrimental effects of lead exposure on neurodevelopment and consequently cognition. Reading difficulties, impaired detailed movement, and depressed reaction time are three areas, among others, implicated in lead toxicity (Needleman, 1990). Furthermore, lead toxicity can be of particular concern in pregnant women, as placental transmission is viable (Gundacker & Hengstschläger, 2012, as cited in Sun et al., 2018). Future research investigating the transmission of lead from mother to fetus may provide insight into the timeline of in utero lead transmission and consequently the ability to direct anti-toxicity treatment …

Full Issue: Volume 18, Number 1, Fall 2024

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Complete .pdf file of Volume 18, Number 1 of The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences. Published Fall 2024.