Digital Commons Network^™

Organisational Capabilities Influencing Smes ' Export Performance In Tanzania, Fred Phanuel Okangi

Business Management Review

Exports play an important role in economic growth as it leads to an increase in the country's economic performance through various sectors including small and medium enterprises. As a result, enhancing export performance among small and medium enterprises is very important because of the key roles they play in the economy. The study examined the organization ' s capabilities influencing SMEs ' export performance in Tanzania using the Resource-Based View Theory and Network Model of Internationalization. Data were collected from 70 exporting SMEs in Tanzania and analysed using multiple regression. The study revealed that SMEs ' innovation and product quality …

Attitude And Intention To Adopt Eco-Cars In Uganda: The Moderating Effect Of Culture Orientation, Johnson Lawrence Ssekakubo, Juliet Namukasa

Business Management Review

Eco-cars have been promoted as a viable solution to global environmental concerns and energy crises. This motivated the study to focus on establishing the effect of the motorists ' attitudes and culture orientations on their intention to adopt Eco-cars. A total of 384 motorists from Kampala City were taken using a two-stage sampling design including stratification between public and private motorists and convenience sampling within the strata. Primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire that was both self and interviewer administered. Data were analysed using correlation and regression analyses. The study revealed that motorists with a positive attitude especially …

The Influence Of The Internal Audit Function Practices On Corporate Governance: The Case Of State-Owned Enterprises In Tanzania, Zelia O. Njeza, Henry Chalu, Ernest G. Kitindi

Business Management Review

The purpose of this research paper was to investigate the influence of internal audit function (IAF) practices on corporate governance (CG) in Tanzanian State-Owned Enterprises(SOEs). Data were collected through a questionnaire targeting the board of directors, audit committee members, management members, and internal and external auditors of 86 SOEs in Tanzania. Overall, the findings indicate that the IAF significantly influences the CG of Tanzanian SOEs. Specifically, the findings reveal that an internal auditor's competence, nature of work and compliance with standards, laws and regulations positively influence CG in Tanzania. These results support the application of the agency theory (supplemented by …

Examining The Implementation Of Insurance Law And Policies: A Study Of Natural Disaster Risks, Policyholders, And Insurance Companies In Indonesia, Dotto Koyage Philipo, Daniel Lubowa

Indonesia Law Review

This study aims to investigate the implementation of insurance laws and policies in Indonesia in the context of natural disaster risks. The study will analyse the effectiveness of existing insurance regulations and their practical implications through a comprehensive analysis of relevant literature, legal frameworks, and empirical data. The study will employ a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative data with policyholders and insurance professionals, as well as quantitative data analysis from insurance industry reports. The findings will contribute to a better understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of the current insurance framework, shedding light on potential areas for improvement. This study seeks …

Waste Electrical And Electronic Equipment Collection: Challenges And Opportunities In A Developing Country Perspective, Sonny Juma Sonny, Samali Violet Mlay, Abdallah Ibrahim Nyero, Cosmas Oren

Business Management Review

The paper examines the challenges and opportunities in Uganda ' s Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) collection system. Data was collected through a questionnaire administered to 423 E-waste collectors and informal recyclers in Uganda and analyzed using the Partial-Least-Squares-Structural Equation Modelling approach. The study found that the system is facing challenges such as inadequate public awareness and infrastructure, and lack of Extended Producer Responsibility. However, there are also financial and economic incentives from E-waste collection and government taxes that can be used as an opportunity. The study suggests that policy-makers and waste management professionals should focus on promoting E-waste …

Moderating Effect Of Financial Condition On The Influence Of Tax Knowledge On Tax Compliance Behaviour Among Smes In Tanzania, Gregory V. Mkenda, Mariam I. Nchimbi, Deogratias N. Mahangila

Business Management Review

This paper examines the moderating effect of financial conditions on the influence of tax knowledge on tax compliance behaviour among SMEs in Tanzania. A cross-section survey of 377 SMEs-Owners was conducted in three regions of Tanzania - Dar es Salaam, Morogoro and Mbeya. Descriptive and partial least square path modelling were used for data analysis, with the aid of SPSS and SmartPLS3.0. The findings of the study supported the hypothesised direct relationship that tax knowledge has a significant positive influence on tax compliance behaviour among SMEs in Tanzania. The findings imply that SME-Owner managers who possess greater tax knowledge demonstrate …

Systematic Assessment Of The Literature On Healthcare Supply Chain Sustainability Practices And Methodological Trends, Yusta Simwita, Gladness Salema

Business Management Review

The ever-growing uncertainties and complexities in health supply chains attract the need to implement sustainability practices in their operations. This study applies a systematic literature review to conduct a comprehensive review from 2008-2023 to identify commonly used sustainability practices and methodological trends. After a comprehensive analysis, 31 articles were included in the final analysis. We observed that several sustainability practices in all three sustainability pillars had been implemented in the healthcare supply chain. This includes employee welfare and well-being, understanding and managing demand, and green practices. This review found that sustainable practices have great benefits, such as empowering employees and …

Performance Appraisal, Career Development And Employee Performance: Implications From Procurement Professionals, Richard Jaffu

Business Management Review

This study examined the mediating role of career development on the relationship between performance appraisal and procurement professionals ' performance. The study involved 204 procurement professionals from Dodoma city. It used cross-sectional survey design, where data were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The findings indicate that procurement professionals ' performance and career development are positively influenced by performance appraisal practices. The study also found out that career development has positive influence on procurement professionals ' performance. Finally, the study revealed that career development mediates the influence of performance appraisal on procurement professionals ' performance. The results imply that; procurement …

Pre-Service Teachers’ Epistemological Understanding Of The Language Of Instruction: Can Education Policy Stop Kiswahili In Tanzania’S Classrooms?, John Misana Biseko

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Language-in-education policies in Sub-Saharan Africa is a topic that has attracted several researchers. The adoption of alien languages as legitimate languages of instruction is a matter that has been seriously challenged. Since the 1960s, the debate in Tanzania has been on which language qualifies for the status of LOI. The answers have been favouring either the alien language (English) or the dominant language (Kiswahili). In 2014 the government launched the education policy, which declares both English and Kiswahili as LOI in post-primary education. In the 2023 edition, the policy was changed to declare English as the sole LOI in post-primary …

Language Contest In The Linguistic Landscape Of Sabasaba International Trade Exhibitions In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Emmanuel Ilonga

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This inquiry stems from the scarcity of research on linguistic landscape particularly on the intersection between physical landscape, business fairs, and languages in Dar es Salaam. Essentially, it discusses the complexities of linguistic signs at the Dar es Salaam International Trade Fair (DITF) in Tanzania. The central purposes are grounded in the roles of information and symbolism, power dynamics, group identities, language policies, and rationale for the use of specific languages at the fair. Photographic method was employed in the generation of data. The analysis of data was framed in line with informational and symbolic frameworks, and structuration principles. The …

Suledo Community-Based Forest Reserve: A Contested Terrain Between Peasants And Pastoralists In Kiteto District, 1990–2016, Juma Marmo

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper examines how the establishment of the SULEDO community forest reserve caused land use conflicts between peasants and pastoralists in Kiteto District from 1990 to 2016. The peasants complained that the government had deliberately made it possible for pastoralists to get more benefits from the reserve since they were allowed to graze their livestock in the reserve, which took large parts of their former agricultural land. Conversely, the grabbing of land by peasants in the forest reserve caused complaints from the pastoralists who claimed that the peasants were grabbing their grazing land in the reserve. Using archival sources, fieldwork …

A Morpho-Semantic Description Of Adjectives In Kipangwa, Emmanuel Hauli, Rafiki Sebonde, Chrispina Alphonce

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper presents the characteristics of a lexical category adjective in Kipangwa. The lexical category adjective is proposed to be universal, but its realisation varies across languages. This paper offers evidence to authenticate the presence of an independent lexical category adjective in Kipangwa. The study employed a qualitative approach in generating data, analysing the data and reporting the findings. The data for this study were collected through text collections, both spoken and written. Spoken texts/ sentences with adjectives were collected from 18 informants by recording them through a digital audio recorder, while written texts were collected from two (2) Bible …

But He Did Not Commit Incest…!” A Comparative Analysis Of Utenzi Wa Nyakiiru Kibi And Oedipus Rex, Angelus Mnenuka

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Human beings share commonalities, many of which are intricately woven into literature. Literary works allow individuals to explore and gain insights into diverse cultures and ideas across spatiotemporal contexts. Against this backdrop, this study compared two literary works, Oedipus Rex (Sophocles, 1992) and Utenzi wa Nyakiiru Kibi [‘Epic of Nyakiiru-Kibi’] (Mulokozi, 1997), to gain insight into the two societies from which the stories are derived. Using Aarne and Thompson’s (1961) classification of the Oedipus story, the study finds that Utenzi wa Nyakiiru Kibi qualifies as an Oedipal story as it meets several Oedipal narrative motifs in the Oedipus story. The …

The Role Of Cooperatives And Farmer-Industry Linkages In The Evolution Of Tanga’S Dairy Innovation System, Hezron Makundi, Heric Thomas

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This study investigated the development of Tanga’s dairy innovation system and its role in promoting and maintaining relationships between farmers, the industry, and cooperative unions; employing a case study approach. The main objective was to assess the role of cooperatives in forging farmer-industry linkages and in improving dairy industry innovations. 100 dairy producers in Tanga participated in the survey that led to the paper. A questionnaire was used to collect data from randomly selected farmers. Furthermore, 20 key informant interviews were conducted with various participants, including the Tanga Dairy Cooperative Union livestock extension service providers. Also, one Focus Group Discussion …

Exploring The Value Of Cannabis And Changing Mindset For Advancing Socio-Economic Development In Tanzania, 1891–2023, Iddy Ramadhani Magoti

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper examines the origin, cultivation, laws, values, uses and other cultural practices connected to cannabis in Tanzania, and other parts of the world, for the purpose of contributing to the existing debate on whether cannabis should be legalised or illegalised in Tanzania and other parts of Africa. The data for this study were collected from both primary and secondary sources, including published documents, oral sources, archival documents and newspapers. Based on the evidence collected, I argue that the values and other benefits accrued from the cultivation and uses of cannabis outweigh the negative impacts which policy makers capitalize on …

Career Transitioning Among Students With Visual Impairments: Educational And Public Policy Perspectives, Chiedu Eseadi, Shulamite E. Ogbuabor

Jurnal Kajian Bimbingan dan Konseling

The objective of this research is to examine the educational and public policy concerns pertaining to career transitioning among students with visual impair-ments. The authors conducted a narrative literature review. The conceptualization of policy, with a specific focus on educational and public policies, was provided. The article also discussed the roles and concerns of educational and public policies in facilitating career transitioning for these students. The study contributes to an increased understanding of the educational and policy implications of supporting students with visual impairments during career transitioning. The collaboration of career counsellors and policy actors is deemed necessary in order …

Final Session. The Impact Of Storytelling: The Pass It On Project, Gloria Burgess, Karen Davidson-Smith, Cade Smith, Elizabeth Mitchell Prewitt

School Library Symposium

Learn about this exciting act of kindness campaign through a guided conversation with author Dr. Gloria Burgess. Her book, Pass It On, has been used to support Mississippi Studies in 4th and 8th grades. Discover how this partnership between the UM Center for Community Engagement, UM School of Education, the University Museum, and the Lafayette County School District, led to the creation of an activity trunk participants can use at their schools. Participants will also hear from speakers Dr. Karen V. Davidson Smith, UM School of Education Director of Diversity, Equity and Inclusion/Clinical Associate Professor, and Dr. Elizabeth Mitchell Prewitt, …

Perceived Effect Of Awareness And Use Of Open Access Journals By Library Users For Research Efficiency In Margaret Lawrence University, Delta State, Nigeria, Obande Bonnie Obeka

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The purpose of the present study was to examine the Perceived effect of awareness and use of Open Access Journals by Library users for research efficiency in Margaret Lawrence University. Three hundred and twenty nine Library (329) users were selected in the study. A specifically designed questionnaire was administered to gather information about the awareness and use of open access journals by library users for research efficiency in Margaret Lawrence University. Data collected were analyzed using mean () and standard deviation (SD) to answer research questions. The Results revealed that library users of MLU are much aware of open access …

Effects Of Sewage Sludge Treatments On Plant Nutrients, Heavy Metals And Tall Fescue(Festuca Arundinacea Schreb.), Ali̇ Riza Ongun, Mahmut Tepeci̇k, Hüseyi̇n Hüsnü Kayikçioğlu, Sezai̇ Deli̇bacak, Tanay Bi̇ri̇şçi̇, Erden Aktaş, Ayşe Kalayci Önaç, Gökhan Balik

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of anaerobically stabilized sewage sludge (SS) converted into 90% dryness granules at different doses of control, 3% SS, 6% SS, and 9% SS on elemental composition of Festuca arundinacea Schreb. and physicochemical properties of soil. Color measurements were made with the CIE L* a* b* method unit; the highest color (4.10) and the highest coating score (5.7) were calculated for the 6% SS treatment. The highest biomass (9.11 g) was obtained from the 3% SS and the lowest (7.67 g) from the 9% SS dose. Plant height measurements were listed as follows: …

Exploring Midwives' Challenges And Strategies To Provide Care In Maternity Settings During Harsh Winter Weather In Northern Areas, Pakistan: A Qualitative Study Protocol, Sana Sultan, Rafat Jan, Marina Baig

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

Background: Midwives play a vital role in enhancing the quality of care and achieving substantial reductions in maternal and newborn mortality rates. However, in the context of Gilgit Baltistan, the harsh winter weather, and frequent heavy snowfall present distinct challenges for midwives providing essential maternal care. These challenges can lead to an increased risk of maternal infections and newborn hypothermia. Consequently, the limited accessibility to healthcare facilities due to frequent harsh winter weather, and resulting scarcity of resources like heating, electricity, and water further exacerbates the situation.
Objective: The objective of the study is to explore the challenges and barriers …

Enhancing Public Library Services: A Future Outlook On Digital Libraries In Pakistan, Muhammad Sohail Haider, Chen Ya Prof, Md. Nurul Islam, Muhammad Danyal, Muhammad Hussain

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Objective: Governments consistently aim to enhance services and establish online connections to efficiently deliver necessary information. This study aims to evaluate the future potential of digital libraries in public libraries in Pakistan by examining various projects that have introduced innovative approaches to foster the development of digital library services.

Methodology: The analysis utilized the Amos 24 version, employing the Structural Equation Model (SEM) for assessing model fit indices and validating hypotheses. Additionally, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24 was employed for Pearson correlation and factor analysis.

Findings: The results suggest the appropriateness of discussing three out of the …

A Global Faostat Reference Database Of Cropland Nutrient Budgets And Nutrient Use Efficiency (1961–2020): Nitrogen, Phosphorus And Potassium, Cameron I. Ludemann, Nathan Wanner, Pauline Chivenge, Achim Dobermann, Rasmus Einarsson, Patricio Grassini, Armelle Gruere, Kevin Jackson, Luis Lassaletta, Federico Maggi, Griffiths Obli-Laryea, Martin K. Van Ittersum, Srishti Vishwakarma, Xin Zhang, Francesco N. Tubiello

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Nutrient budgets help to identify the excess or insufficient use of fertilizers and other nutrient sources in agriculture. They allow for the calculation of indicators, such as the nutrient balance (surplus if positive or deficit if negative) and nutrient use efficiency, that help to monitor agricultural productivity and sustainability across the world. We present a global database of country-level budget estimates for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) on cropland. The database, disseminated in FAOSTAT, is meant to provide a global reference, synthesizing and continuously updating the state of the art on this topic. The database covers 205 countries …

Ambient Air Emission Profiles Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Around A Typical University Power House In Nigeria, Oyetunji Okedere

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The level of electricity generation in Nigeria is presently grossly inadequate. Consequently, the productive sectors of the economy do not presently enjoy an uninterrupted supply of electrical energy from the country’s national grid and the downtime is in most cases too much. Using diesel-fueled electric power generators has become an attractive alternative to meet the shortfall in the energy supply gap. In this study, the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the vicinity of the diesel-fueled electric power generators operated by Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria were investigated with a view to ascertain the priority levels and carcinogenic PAHs. Since …

Employment Of Intelligent Predictive Maintenance On Thermal Power Plant Component Parts Taking Condenser Vacuum As A Case Study, Titus Ajewole

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

This work proposes deployment of machine learning in the maintenance of individual constituent parts of steam power plant assemblages. With the condenser vacuum of a steam turbine (in a six-turbine plant assemblage) taken as a case study, information on the past operating parameters of the selected plant component was used to forecast its future working condition. Based on Exponential Gaussian Process of Regression, a model was developed, trained using the diachronic operational data, and employed in determining the future. A quantitative evaluation was employed to provide the distribution of the test values of the data about the lines of regression, …

Hydrological System And Water Balance Of Ungauged Crater Lakes Of The Northern Crater Highlands, Godwin Lucas

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The study aimed to unveil the hydrological system and water balance of the ungauged crater lakes with major focus on the Emakati Lake which occupy 46% of the Empakaai Crater associated to the East African Rift Valley and form part of the Northern Crater Highlands. Water samples for analysis of NO3- , Cl- and stable isotopes (2H and 18O) were collected from the Emakat lake, springs of the inner, outer and the foot of the Empakaai Crater rims. A combination of satellite data such as digital elevation model (DEM), Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS), net shortwave …

Modelling Prediction Of Cities Real Estate Price Trend Using Recurrent Neural Network: A Case Of Dar Es Salaam City, Ellen Kalinga

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Real estate refers to a class of real property such as land and its associated infrastructure. The prediction of real estate prices in cities, which is affected by a number of parameters, is an open research problem. The lack of reliable and effective tools for price forecasting in real estate, especially in residential housing, can adversely affect investment flows and the growth of the real estate sector. Taking Tanzania as an example, the price prediction practices rely on human suggestions that are prone to personal bias and subjective to price hysteria for personal gain and impact consumer expectations. To address …

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Swiss American Historical Society Review

No abstract provided.

The African Education Of Violaine Idelette Junod, Keith Snedegar

Swiss American Historical Society Review

May 11 of this year would have been the one-hundredth birthday of Violaine Idelette Junod, a remarkable if not well-known member of a celebrated Swiss missionary family. Born and raised in Africa, Violaine was nonetheless imbued with a thoroughly European worldview. To truly confront the realities of modern Africa, Junod would have to experience, through a long career as a social activist and educator, the harsh legacies of colonialism, poverty, and civil unrest across the continent of her birth. This she did with great tenacity and, finally, deep personal insight. The following is a sketch of an African education that …

The Pattern Of Admission, Clinical Characteristics, And Outcomes Among Patients Admitted To The Intensive Care Unit Of A Tertiary Hospital In Tanzania: A 5-Year Retrospective Review, Nadeem Kassam, Philip Adebayo, Iris Martin Matei, Eric Aghan, Samina Somji, Samwel Paul Kadelya, Yasson Abha, Frank Elton Swai, Mangaro Mabusi, Kamran Hamid

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Introduction: Despite the implementation of complex interventions, ICU mortality remains high and more so in developing countries. The demand for critical care in Sub-Saharan Africa is more than ever before as the region experiences a double burden of rising rates of non-communicable diseases (NCD) in the background battle of combating infectious diseases. Limited studies in Tanzania have reported varying factors associated with markedly high rates of ICU mortality. Investigating the burden of ICU care remains crucial in providing insights into the effectiveness and challenges of critical care delivery.

Material and Methods: A single-center retrospective study that reviewed records of all …

Private Benefits From Ambient Air Pollution Reduction Policies Evidence From The Household Heating Stove Replacement Program In Chile, Adolfo Uribe, Randall Bluffstone, Carlos Chávez, Walter Gómez, Marcela Jaime

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We estimate the key private benefits from a program to improve ambient air quality during winter in central Chile by replacing inefficient wood-fired home heating stoves with more efficient pellet stoves. We are interested in the private benefits to households because they represent the additional value of the program and likely drive private adoption. Combining electronic stove surface temperature and air pollution monitoring with household surveys, we estimate the effects of adoption on household fuel expenditures, indoor temperatures, and indoor air pollution concentrations (PM2.5). We also explore heterogeneous effects of the program by income group and energy poverty status. Our …