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2023

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Researchers Find Walkable Communities Are Healthier For Both Mom And Baby, Robbin Ray Aug 2023

Researchers Find Walkable Communities Are Healthier For Both Mom And Baby, Robbin Ray

Media Relations

No abstract provided.

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Designed For Better Control: Using Kinematic And Dynamic Metrics To Optimize Robot Manipulator Design, John R. Morrell Aug 2023

Designed For Better Control: Using Kinematic And Dynamic Metrics To Optimize Robot Manipulator Design, John R. Morrell

Theses and Dissertations

In the field of control theory, optimal performance is generally defined as the best possible controlled performance given a static, unchangeable plant system. However, principled design of the underlying system can make designing effective controllers easier and dramatically improve the final control performance beyond what any finely tuned controller could achieve alone. This work develops performance metrics for serial robot arms which help guide the design and optimization of the structure of the arm to achieve greater final performance. First, a kinematic (motion-based) metric called the Actuator Independence Metric (AIM) measures the uniqueness of the movement capabilities of the different …

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Development Of Sulfidogenic Bioremediation Technology For The Treatment Of Acid Mine Drainage In Alaska, Qifan Yang Aug 2023

Development Of Sulfidogenic Bioremediation Technology For The Treatment Of Acid Mine Drainage In Alaska, Qifan Yang

Engineering

When it comes to the treatment of acid mine drainage (AMD), sulfate-reducing bioreactors are more sustainable and inexpensive compared to traditional alkaline treatment methods. As a passive system, sulfate-reducing bioreactors require not only less energy, but also less labor for operation. Sulfate reducing microbial community present in the bioreactor utilizes ����42− as electron acceptor and supplemented organic matter, such as glycerol, as terminal electron donor, and generates alkalinity and sulfides. This process not only neutralizes the acidity, but also removes soluble sulfate. The sulfides can further react with dissolved metal ions in the wastewater and produce precipitates. In this research, …

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The Weekly Challenger, August 17, 2023, The Weekly Challenger, Et Al Aug 2023

The Weekly Challenger, August 17, 2023, The Weekly Challenger, Et Al

Weekly Challenger Newspaper Collection

The August 17, 2023, issue of The Weekly Challenger.

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Social Anxiety And Romantic Conflict: Examining Prospective Interpersonal Dynamics, Julia Levitan Aug 2023

Social Anxiety And Romantic Conflict: Examining Prospective Interpersonal Dynamics, Julia Levitan

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is associated with impairment in close relationship functioning, including romantic relationships. Although interpersonal theories point to dimensions of dominance and warmth as relevant factors, the momentary interpersonal dynamics that may be contributing to relationship problems remain poorly understood. In the present study, I aimed to examine contemporaneous and prospective associations between dominance and warmth in individuals with (n = 30) and without (n = 29) SAD and their romantic partners during a 10-minute conflict task. Using the Continuous Assessment of Interpersonal Dynamics (CAID) system and multilevel dynamic structural equation modeling (ML-DSEM), I found that …

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A Review Of Recent Gene Expression-Based And Dna Methylation-Based Mathematical Cell Type Deconvolution Methods, Chenxiao Tian Aug 2023

A Review Of Recent Gene Expression-Based And Dna Methylation-Based Mathematical Cell Type Deconvolution Methods, Chenxiao Tian

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

In recent years, many cell type deconvolution methods based on DNA methylation data and gene expression data have been developed. Both of these two methods have its special advantages and disadvantages, e.g., DNA methylation-based methods’ data source is usually more stable than gene expression and DNA methylation is easier to measure in FFPE tissues or formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded, while some gene-expression data like scRNA-seq data usually has high cost and complexity. On the other hand, gene expression-based deconvolution methods currently have many more available methods than DNA methylation-based deconvolution methods, which leads to DNA methylation-based methods in many cases can learn …

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A Feasibility Study Of A Wearable Health Monitoring Device Powered By Thermoelectric Generators, Sarah Schneider Aug 2023

A Feasibility Study Of A Wearable Health Monitoring Device Powered By Thermoelectric Generators, Sarah Schneider

Masters Theses

Implementation of thermoelectric generators (TEGs) as a power source for embedded systems has increased with the push toward alternative and renewable energy sources. Thermoelectric generators produce electrical energy from thermal energy through the Seebeck effect. The Seebeck effect is a phenomenon seen when a temperature difference at a joint of two different metals generates a DC current and electromotive force [1]. This has made TEGs desirable for embedded system applications because it would allow for extended wireless operation. TEGs are based on solid-state technology which means they do not consist of any moving parts which reduces wear and tear with …

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Urinary Plasmids Reduce Permissivity To Coliphage Infection, Cesar Montelongo Hernandez, Catherine Putonti, Alan J. Wolfe Aug 2023

Urinary Plasmids Reduce Permissivity To Coliphage Infection, Cesar Montelongo Hernandez, Catherine Putonti, Alan J. Wolfe

Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works

The microbial community of the urinary tract (urinary microbiota or urobiota) has been associated with human health. Bacteriophages (phages) and plasmids present in the urinary tract, like in other niches, may shape urinary bacterial dynamics. While urinary Escherichia coli strains associated with urinary tract infection (UTI) and their phages have been catalogued for the urobiome, bacterium-plasmid-phage interactions have yet to be explored. In this study, we characterized urinary E. coli plasmids and their ability to decrease permissivity to E. coli phage (coliphage) infection. Putative F plasmids were predicted in 47 of 67 urinary E. coli isolates, and most of these …

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An Odontometric Biodistance Analysis Of The Rong And The A'Chik, Mary Ashley Stough Aug 2023

An Odontometric Biodistance Analysis Of The Rong And The A'Chik, Mary Ashley Stough

Anthropology

Little is known about the population history and genetic affinities of many of the tribal groups of northeastern India, including the Rong and the A'chik. Previous linguistic and genetic studies have suggested that these non-Hindu tribal groups may be descendants of East Asian immigrants. Due to the linguistic and genetic research, cultural differences between the groups, and geographic barriers it was hypothesized that members of these two tribal groups share a population history different from that of ethnic groups of other regions of the subcontinent. This study employs tooth size allocation analysis to test hypotheses concerning the origins of the …

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Impacts Of Tidewater Glacier Advance On Iceberg Habitat, Lynn M. Kaluzienski, Jason M. Amundson, Jamie M. Womble, Andrew K. Bliss, Linnea E. Pearson Aug 2023

Impacts Of Tidewater Glacier Advance On Iceberg Habitat, Lynn M. Kaluzienski, Jason M. Amundson, Jamie M. Womble, Andrew K. Bliss, Linnea E. Pearson

Faculty, Staff, and Students

Icebergs in proglacial fjords serve as pupping, resting and molting habitat for some of the largest seasonal aggregations of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardii) in Alaska. One of the largest aggregations in Southeast Alaska occurs in Johns Hopkins Inlet, Glacier Bay National Park, where up to 2000 seals use icebergs produced by Johns Hopkins Glacier. Like other advancing tidewater glaciers, the advance of Johns Hopkins Glacier over the past century has been facilitated by the growth and continual redistribution of a submarine end moraine, which has limited mass losses from iceberg calving and submarine melting and enabled glacier thickening by …

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Variability Of Total Mercury Concentrations In Steller Sea Lion Bone Locations And Bone Elements, Mary P. Keenan Aug 2023

Variability Of Total Mercury Concentrations In Steller Sea Lion Bone Locations And Bone Elements, Mary P. Keenan

Marine Biology

Mercury (Hg) is a contaminant of global concern with impacts on the health and resilience of marine wildlife. Some forms of ingested Hg are bioaccumulated and biomagnified with greatest concentrations observed in long-lived top predators. High concentrations of Hg in mammals impair immune function, neurochemistry, and reproduction. Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus, SSL) are a long-lived top predator, and some populations have total mercury concentrations ([THg]) in fur that are above the threshold values of concern for toxic effects. While this information is available for present-day populations of SSLs, [THg] in historic and ancient populations of SSLs are unknown. Bone …

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The Effect Of Sedimentation On Spore Settlement And Recruitment Of The Endemic Arctic Kelp, Laminaria Solidungula, Jaide Phelps Aug 2023

The Effect Of Sedimentation On Spore Settlement And Recruitment Of The Endemic Arctic Kelp, Laminaria Solidungula, Jaide Phelps

Marine Biology

The Arctic is experiencing rapid rates of environmental change due to ramifications of a warming climate and human development. Environmental changes can enhance the impact of abiotic stressors, such as sedimentation from enhanced river discharge, permafrost melt, coastal erosion, or construction activities on Arctic nearshore ecosystems. Diverse habitat types, such as kelp beds that populate nearshore systems, are especially vulnerable to these environmental impacts. High sedimentation rates can be detrimental to kelp abundance and distribution, possibly due to increased mortality at the spore dispersal and settlement stages. This study aimed to examine sedimentation effects on spore settlement and viability of …

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Trophic Pathways And Their Relationship To Growth In Nearshore Consumers Across The Northern Gulf Of Alaska, Katherine M. Corliss Aug 2023

Trophic Pathways And Their Relationship To Growth In Nearshore Consumers Across The Northern Gulf Of Alaska, Katherine M. Corliss

Marine Biology

Highly productive nearshore ecosystems in cold-temperate regions, such as the Northern Gulf of Alaska (NGOA), are supported by macroalgae and phytoplankton at the base of their food webs. Biomass of these primary producers varies seasonally, suggesting that longer-term environmental change could also shift biomass and/or range of basal producers. Our goal was to determine how proportional contributions of organic matter from macroalgae and phytoplankton to the diet of nearshore consumer species in the NGOA vary in space and time, and if these differences affect consumer growth. We used carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis to investigate diet sourcing of filter-feeding …

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Healthy Steps To Motherhood: Paul College Professor Co-Authors New Research, Aaron Sanborn Aug 2023

Healthy Steps To Motherhood: Paul College Professor Co-Authors New Research, Aaron Sanborn

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

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Modeling Of Heat And Mass Transfer In Flat Heat Pipes, Salar Saadatian Aug 2023

Modeling Of Heat And Mass Transfer In Flat Heat Pipes, Salar Saadatian

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Phase-change phenomenon is ubiquitous in nature and widely utilized in thermal management of computer chips. Flat heat pipes have been extensively used in thermal management of microelectronic devices. However, existing research mainly concentrates on developing numerical models and lacks a systematic analytical approach to elucidate the working mechanism of flat heat pipes. We consider a horizontal flat heat pipe with an idealized porous wick. The pores in the wick are straight circular capillaries running along and across the wick and are filled with a liquid. The rest of the pipe is filled with its vapor. The mass evaporative rate at …

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Effects Of Annual Weather Variation On Peak Herbaceous Yield Date In Sagebrush Steppe, Jonathan Bates, Dustin Johnson, Kirk W. Davies, Tony Svejcar, Stuart Hardegree Aug 2023

Effects Of Annual Weather Variation On Peak Herbaceous Yield Date In Sagebrush Steppe, Jonathan Bates, Dustin Johnson, Kirk W. Davies, Tony Svejcar, Stuart Hardegree

Western North American Naturalist

Interannual climate variability impacts forage yield in semiarid rangelands, but it also affects the timing of peak yields. Knowledge of peak standing crop or yield dates would be useful when planning fieldwork for various research or management activities and for developing more accurate models linking herbage production to climatic variables. In this study, herbaceous yield was measured every 2 weeks (April–August) over an 8-year period in a Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis) community in southeastern Oregon. Date of peak yield (Julian day) was calculated for morphological groups (tall perennial bunchgrasses, perennial forbs, annual forbs), Sandberg bluegrass …

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Measuring Microparticle Adhesion Via High-Speed Rotor, Jacob C. Fearnley Aug 2023

Measuring Microparticle Adhesion Via High-Speed Rotor, Jacob C. Fearnley

Theses and Dissertations

Much is known about the atomic/molecular theories that govern adhesion as well as the macroscopic aspects and properties of adhesion. However, adhesion in the microparticle regime is poorly characterized. We report on experiments that use centrifugal force to remove polystyrene (PS) particles from the surface of a high-speed titanium rotor operated in vacuum. This unique rotor can apply forces far greater than other centrifugal force methods or related techniques using atomic force spectroscopy. The mode of attachment, whether particles were located on the windward side versus leeward side of the spinning rotor, time spent in vacuum prior to experiments, and …

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Detailed Characterization Of Material Deformation, Alexander J. Farnsworth Aug 2023

Detailed Characterization Of Material Deformation, Alexander J. Farnsworth

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation presents a comprehensive exploration of material deformation at the atomic level, investigating key findings and contributions through three fundamental methods: Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy (SFG), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD). The research commences by uncovering the material dependency of nonresonant responses in both SFG and Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) signals. This redefinition of the nonresonant component as an information-rich carrier, rather than mere background noise, leads to novel insights into the potential applications of SFG. The study then delves further into the influence of mechanical stress on materials, establishing a connection between dislocation density on …

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Defining The Roles Of Pyruvate Oxidation, Tca Cycle, And Mannitol Metabolism In Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection, Santosh Paudel, Sarah Guedry, Chloe L P Obernuefemann, Scott J Hultgren, Jennifer N Walker, Ritwij Kulkarni Aug 2023

Defining The Roles Of Pyruvate Oxidation, Tca Cycle, And Mannitol Metabolism In Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection, Santosh Paudel, Sarah Guedry, Chloe L P Obernuefemann, Scott J Hultgren, Jennifer N Walker, Ritwij Kulkarni

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important cause of complicated urinary tract infection (UTI) associated with the use of indwelling urinary catheters. Previous reports have revealed host and pathogen effectors critical for MRSA uropathogenesis. Here, we sought to determine the significance of specific metabolic pathways during MRSA UTI. First, we identified four mutants from the Nebraska transposon mutant library in the MRSA JE2 background that grew normally in rich medium but displayed significantly reduced growth in pooled human urine (HU). This prompted us to transduce the uropathogenic MRSA 1369 strain with the transposon mutants in sucD and fumC (tricarboxylic acid …

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Mechanochemical Esterification Of Cellulose Nanofibers Lyophilized From Eutectic Water–Tert-Butanol Mixtures, Miran Mavlan, Taehoo Chang, Rudan Feng, Jake R. Wilkinson, Robert J. Nicholas, Nosa B. Idahagbon, Jeffrey Youngblood, Alexander Wei Aug 2023

Mechanochemical Esterification Of Cellulose Nanofibers Lyophilized From Eutectic Water–Tert-Butanol Mixtures, Miran Mavlan, Taehoo Chang, Rudan Feng, Jake R. Wilkinson, Robert J. Nicholas, Nosa B. Idahagbon, Jeffrey Youngblood, Alexander Wei

Department of Chemistry Faculty Publications

Freeze-dried CNFs can be modified by mechanochemical (MC) processes with minimal use of auxiliary solvents, however aggregation of nanofibers during lyophilization compromises their granularity and reaction efficiency. Adding 10 wt% tert-butanol (TBA) to aqueous slurries of wood-derived CNF creates a eutectic mixture that reduces hornification during lyophilization, resulting in well-formed aerogels with minimal shrinkage in volume. CNFs lyophilized from mixtures containing at least 10 wt% TBA exhibit an order of magnitude increase in specific surface area relative to CNFs freeze-dried from water alone. The amount of TBA and input energy needed for lyophilization can be reduced considerably by dewatering …

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On The Design And Power Output Response Of Hydraulic Wind Turbines, Helber Antonio Esquivel-Puentes, Andrea Vacca, Venkatesh Pulletikurthi, Ali Doosttalab, Jose Garcia-Bravo, David M. Warsinger, Leonardo P. Chamorro, Luciano Castillo Aug 2023

On The Design And Power Output Response Of Hydraulic Wind Turbines, Helber Antonio Esquivel-Puentes, Andrea Vacca, Venkatesh Pulletikurthi, Ali Doosttalab, Jose Garcia-Bravo, David M. Warsinger, Leonardo P. Chamorro, Luciano Castillo

School of Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

Standard horizontal axis wind turbines typically use gearboxes for large-scale applications and direct coupling for small-scale designs to connect the rotor to the generator. However, gearboxes pose challenges due to their weight, cost, and exposure to dynamic loads and vibrations within the nacelle. A promising alternative is replacing mechanical transmission with a hydrostatic counterpart, offering advantages such as reduced nacelle mass, generator placement at the tower base, and elimination of the gearbox. It can potentially lead to cost savings of up to 20% in the levelized cost of electricity for offshore wind turbines. This study compares regulated hydrostatic transmission with …

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Controls Of Organic Carbon Processing In Boreal Headwater Streams, Frances Marie Iannucci Aug 2023

Controls Of Organic Carbon Processing In Boreal Headwater Streams, Frances Marie Iannucci

Biological Sciences

Carbon emissions from headwater streams are derived from both terrestrial inputs and in-stream microbial processing of organic carbon, but the relative importance of metabolic processes in boreal streams remains uncertain. Determining the factors that regulate organic carbon processing will aid in predicting how the carbon balance of boreal streams will respond to future environmental change. In this study, I addressed the question: what controls organic carbon uptake in boreal headwater streams draining catchments with discontinuous permafrost? I hypothesized that organic carbon uptake is collectively regulated by organic carbon lability, phosphorus availability, and temperature, with discharge modulating each of these conditions. …

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Using Camera Traps To Advance Wildlife Monitoring In The Arctic, Scott S. Leorna Aug 2023

Using Camera Traps To Advance Wildlife Monitoring In The Arctic, Scott S. Leorna

Biological Sciences

Landscape-level wildlife monitoring in the Arctic is technically and logistically challenging. The Arctic is experiencing rapid and unprecedented climate-related changes as well as increased industrial development. Understanding how environmental change and anthropogenic activity impact wildlife populations is essential to informing responsible management and policy decisions. Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) are a wide-ranging, highly mobile species in the Arctic with important socio-economic, cultural, and ecological value. Most caribou herds across the circumpolar north are in decline or at historic lows. These conditions create an urgent demand to assess conventional wildlife monitoring strategies and inform opportunities to advance them by integrating new techniques …

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Female Dall's Sheep Summer Nutrition In The Chugach Mountains, Alaska, Luke Metherell Aug 2023

Female Dall's Sheep Summer Nutrition In The Chugach Mountains, Alaska, Luke Metherell

Biological Sciences

As part of recent research efforts by the Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G) to identify issues related to current population declines in Alaskan Dall's sheep (Ovis dalli dalli), we conducted a summer nutrition study on a subpopulation of female Dall's sheep (ewes) in the Chugach Mountains of Southcentral Alaska. Over the summers of 2016, 2017, and 2018, we assessed ewe diet compositions and identified forage types through video observation of foraging ewes. During this time, we collected forage and fecal samples to evaluate ewe forage quality [crude protein (%), gross energy (kcal/g), and apparent digestibility (Da)] and identify …

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Seasonal Drivers Of Amplitude Patterns In A Population Of Red-Backed Voles (Clethrionomys Rutilus), Sarah Swanson Aug 2023

Seasonal Drivers Of Amplitude Patterns In A Population Of Red-Backed Voles (Clethrionomys Rutilus), Sarah Swanson

Biological Sciences

Northern red-backed voles (Clethrionomys rutilus) are an important species in the Interior Alaska boreal forest ecosystem, both as important herbivores and as a key food source for many mammalian and avian predators. However, they exhibit dramatic inter- and intra-annual population fluctuations, for which causes are not entirely known. Winter mortality is often very high and altered weather conditions due to climate change, such as rain on snow or delayed snowfall in autumn, may increase stress during an already difficult season. These considerations prompted this investigation into overwinter survival of northern red-backed voles in Denali National Park and Preserve, with the …

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Incarcerated Gravid Uterus - A Systematic Review, Sujatha Narayanamoorthy, Allix Hillebrand, Rakshitha Pendam, Rodney Mclaren Aug 2023

Incarcerated Gravid Uterus - A Systematic Review, Sujatha Narayanamoorthy, Allix Hillebrand, Rakshitha Pendam, Rodney Mclaren

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

Incarcerated gravid uterus (IGU) is a serious complication of pregnancy that leads to adverse obstetric outcomes. The aim of this review was to describe this entity in detail. We also aimed to understand if pregnancies with predisposing risk factors that increase the risk of developing IGU had a difference in their clinical manifestations, treatment, and obstetric outcomes. The PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus databases and clinicaltrials.gov were searched from inception to July 2023. Case reports and series that provided all the details of the pregnancy and IGU outcome were included. Study quality and risk of bias were assessed using a tool …

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Assessing Fish Communities And Habitat Dynamics At The North Platte River-Lake Mcconaughy Interface: Implications For Conservation And Management, Thyme Leesa Taulaki Aug 2023

Assessing Fish Communities And Habitat Dynamics At The North Platte River-Lake Mcconaughy Interface: Implications For Conservation And Management, Thyme Leesa Taulaki

Biology Theses, Dissertations, and Student Creative Activity

The river-reservoir interface (RRI) provides dynamic habitat heterogeneity that influences fish communities within the reservoir and the tributary upstream. However, little is known about the North Platte River-Lake McConaughy interface. Thus, the objectives of this research were to: 1) describe fish assemblages in the North Platte River and relate their temporal differences to water quality and physical habitat parameters; and 2) compare young fish communities collected with different gears in the upper reservoir. Twenty-nine species were collected across four habitat types in the North Platte River above Lake McConaughy. Main and side channel habitats were more consistently available throughout the …

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Evaluation Of Enterococcal Probiotic Usage And Review Of Potential Health Benefits, Safety, And Risk Of Antibiotic-Resistant Strain Emergence, Eric J. Im, Harry H.-Y. Lee, Minzae Kim, Myo-Kyoung Kim Aug 2023

Evaluation Of Enterococcal Probiotic Usage And Review Of Potential Health Benefits, Safety, And Risk Of Antibiotic-Resistant Strain Emergence, Eric J. Im, Harry H.-Y. Lee, Minzae Kim, Myo-Kyoung Kim

Pacific Faculty Work

Enterococci are often used in probiotics but can also cause nosocomial infections. As such, enterococcal consumption may have beneficial health effects, but a thorough evaluation of virulence absence and risk of antibiotic resistance spread is needed at the strain level. This article reviewed ten online health product shopping websites in the US. On these websites, 23 probiotic products using enterococci were found across 12 companies. In addition, this article reviewed studies that demonstrated the probiotic potential of enterococcal consumption (e.g., gastrointestinal and respiratory disease, hyperlipidemia alleviation, as well as infection prevention). To investigate the safety aspects of enterococci, the present …

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Adapting Density Surface Models For Complex Survey Areas: Application To Humpback Whale (Megaptera Novaeangliae) Abundance And Distribution Estimation In Southeast Alaska, Abigail Schiffmiller Aug 2023

Adapting Density Surface Models For Complex Survey Areas: Application To Humpback Whale (Megaptera Novaeangliae) Abundance And Distribution Estimation In Southeast Alaska, Abigail Schiffmiller

Biological Sciences

Population abundance and distribution estimates are foundational to understanding and managing populations. Increasing accuracy and resolution of such estimates increases their utility for researchers and managers. Line transect surveys analyzed using both traditional design-based distance sampling (dbDS) and spatially explicit density surface modeling (DSM) are used across systems and taxa to estimate abundance and distributions of populations. DSM has the advantages of being able to increase the resolution of density estimates and evaluate the correlation between density and environmental factors as well as accepting data from a wider variety of surveys. In this thesis I used a soap film smoother …

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Evaluating Amino Acid Isotopic Biomarkers Of Added Sugar And Animal Protein Intakes, Jessica Jean Johnson Aug 2023

Evaluating Amino Acid Isotopic Biomarkers Of Added Sugar And Animal Protein Intakes, Jessica Jean Johnson

Biological Sciences

Diet is an important risk factor for chronic disease, but identifying precise relationships between diet and disease remains challenging because of the high error in self-reported dietary measurements. Objective biomarkers of diet can help account for this error. Natural abundance amino acid carbon isotopes ratios (AA CIRs) and nitrogen isotope ratios (AA NIRs) are candidate biomarkers of multiple dietary intakes in the US, due to their natural variation in the diet. In this dissertation, I evaluate whether AA CIRs and AA NIRs are sensitive and specific biomarkers of intakes, such as added sugar and animal protein, in the context of …

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