Digital Commons Network^™

Full Issue, Socio-Legal Review

Socio-Legal Review

No abstract provided.

Together With Tosha Newsletter, January 2023, Tennessee. Department Of Labor & Workforce Development.

TOSHA Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Annual Report State Fiscal Year July 2021-June 2022, Tennessee. Department Of Children's Services.

Department of Children's Services

No abstract provided.

Office Of Criminal Justice Programs 2024 Addendum To Ocjp 2022 Five Year Strategic Plan, Tennessee. Department Finance & Administration.

Office of Criminal Justice Programs

No abstract provided.

Office Of Criminal Justice Programs Annual Report Fy 2022, Tennessee. Department Finance & Administration.

Office of Criminal Justice Programs

No abstract provided.

Controlled Substance Monitoring Database; 2023 Report To The 113th Tennessee General Assembly, Tennessee. Department Of Health.

Controlled Substance Monitoring Database Annual Report

No abstract provided.

Comparative Adjudication Of Noisy And Subjective Data Annotation Disagreements For Deep Learning, Scott David Williams

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Obtaining accurate inferences from deep neural networks is difficult when models are trained on instances with conflicting labels. Algorithmic recognition of online hate speech illustrates this. No human annotator is perfectly reliable, so multiple annotators evaluate and label online posts in a corpus. Labeling scheme limitations, differences in annotators' beliefs, and limits to annotators' honesty and carefulness cause some labels to disagree. Consequently, decisive and accurate inferences become less likely. Some practical applications such as social research can tolerate some indecisiveness. However, an online platform using an indecisive classifier for automated content moderation could create more problems than it solves. …

Anti-Carceral Human Rights Advocacy, Chi Adanna Mgbako, Nate Johnson, Vivienne Bang Brown, Megan Cheah, Kimya Zahedi

Faculty Scholarship

The theory of carceral abolition entered the mainstream during the 2020 global protests for Black lives. Abolition calls for divestment from carceral institutions like police and prisons in favor of the expansion of social and economic programs that ensure public safety and nurture community well-being. Although there is little scholarship explicitly linking abolition to international human rights, there are scholars and advocates who implicitly echo abolitionist theories by critiquing the international human rights regime's overreliance on criminal law. These critics argue that relying on carceral institutions to address impunity for human rights abuses and promote gender justice does little to …

Community Policing: The Challenges Of Implementation In The United States, Paris Frank

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Community-oriented policing (COP) is a policing philosophy that emphasizes the partnership and positive relationship between the police and the community. This paper discusses the importance of COP and its implementation in police departments. Decentralization and community engagement are key components of COP, which can be challenging to implement due to various barriers. Some of the challenges include resistance to change from law enforcement agencies, lack of resources, and a lack of community trust in the police. Additionally, there can be a disconnect between the goals of COP and the traditional law enforcement model, which can make it difficult for some …

The Higher Education Risk To National Security: A Case Study Of The University Of Akron, Anna Back

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

There are numerous threats to U.S. National Security within higher education. Through this paper, I will provide an analysis of current and future threats using a literature review and informational interviewing. The literature review revealed four major National Security threats facing higher education institutions due to Foreign Intelligence Entities (FIE): foreign recruitment of faculty and students, increase in foreign students and screening difficulties, campus openness/easy access to facilities and information, and foreign funding for research. A set of informational interviews were conducted with The University of Akron faculty, employees, and partners to evaluate whether these same threats were present. The …

The Impact Distracted Driving Has On Fatal Crashes, Adam Pohrte

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Distracted driving has been a major problem in the United States and around the globe for quite some time. It is one of the leading causes of fatal car crashes, and its impact on road safety has been the subject of much research and debate. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the driver who was distracted that ended up causing the crash. To obtain precise data and results, all the information about these crashes is from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS). FARS is a nationwide census maintained by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) that …

Learning Through Business Unit Failure: A Study Of Individuals And Mid-Level Managers, Corinna Calhoun

Theses and Dissertations

Research on business failure focuses primarily on entrepreneurs and largely ignores individuals and mid-level managers who comprise most corporate populations. This study aimed to mitigate this gap by exploring how 15 individuals and mid-level managers working in a Fortune 50 technology company experienced failure and how their beliefs impacted their experience and learnings. Qualitative interview data were analyzed using a schema from the literature. The results suggested that emotional regulation, belief in personal agency, and separation of self from work supported learning and positive outcomes. Future research would create deeper insights into the social impacts on emotions and sensemaking and …

Arbitrating Social Media Content: A Framework For Banning High-Profile Users Through Third-Party Arbitration, Rachel Gershengoren

Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution

No abstract provided.

Improving New York City's Covid-19 Vaccine Mandate For Public Sector Workers: A Collaborative Framework For Labor-Management Relations In High Impact Circumstances, Chelsea Hill

Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution

No abstract provided.

Financial Security Mechanisms To Cover Biodiversity Damage Resulting From The Use Of Genetically Modified Organisms, Michael Faure, Minzhen Jiang

Emory International Law Review

No abstract provided.

Ember Alerts: Assessing Wireless Emergency Alert (Wea) Messages In Wildfires Using The Warning Response Model, Erica D. Kuligowski, Nicholas A. Waugh, Jeannette Sutton, Thomas J. Cova

Emergency Preparedness, Homeland Security, and Cybersecurity Faculty Scholarship

When evacuation is necessary in a wildfire event, affected communities must be alerted and warned of the imminent danger and instructed on what to do to protect themselves. One channel available to message providers in the United States is Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEAs) disseminated via IPAWS. Recent wildfire events have shed light on the need to improve WEA strategies and messages when alerting exposed populations of imminent fire threat. The purpose of this article is to assess how, when and where WEAs have been used in US wildfires; whether they comply with guidance set out by Mileti and Sorensen’s Warning …

Public Perceptions Of U.S. Earthquake Early Warning Post-Alert Messages: Findings From Focus Groups And Interviews, Jeannette Sutton, Michele M. Wood, Savanah Crouch, Nicholas A. Waugh

Emergency Preparedness, Homeland Security, and Cybersecurity Faculty Scholarship

In May 2020, a false earthquake alert message was sent to the city of Ridgecrest, CA, in the U.S.A., an area that just 10 months prior had experienced a significant series of earthquake events. The false alert was followed by a post-alert message, indicating that the message was cancelled and under investigation. This event, the first of its kind in the U.S.A., provided an opportunity to learn about public perceptions of the post-alert message, including what individuals understood about the threat and their safety, and what actions they should take as a result. We conducted individual interviews with 40 persons …

Exigencies, Not Exceptions: How To Return Warrant Exceptions To Their Roots, Michael Gentithes

Akron Law Faculty Publications

When a police officer interacts with an individual, the encounter is subject to myriad exceptions to the Fourth Amendment’s warrant requirement that lack a coherent justifying theory. For instance, officers can warrantlessly search if an automobile was involved in the interaction, an arrest occurred, or a protective sweep was necessary to prevent a third- party ambush. Officers and indi viduals struggle to understand the breadth and complexity of these exceptions. The resulting confusion breeds widespread distrust and raises the tension in millions of interactions across the country. There is an easier way. The Supreme Court has recently reaffirmed its support …

Video Anomaly Detection Using Residual Autoencoder: A Lightweight Framework, Mohamed H. Habeb, May A. Salama, Lamiaa A. Elrefaei

Mansoura Engineering Journal

This paper proposes an efficient lightweight deep spatial residual autoencoder (SRAE) model to detect anomalous events in video surveillance systems. A lightweight network is essential in real-time situations where time is critical. Moreover, it could be deployed on low-resource devices like embedded systems or mobile devices. This makes it a very useful option for real-world situations where there may be a shortage of resources. The proposed network is composed of a 3-layer residual encoder-decoder architecture that is adopted to acquire the salient spatial characteristics representative of normal events in videos. Then, the reconstruction loss is used to find abnormalities, where …

3d Indoor Modeling And Game Theory Based Navigation For Pre And Post Covid-19 Situation, Jaiteg Singh, Noopur Tyagi, Saravjeet Singh, Babar Shah, Farman Ali, Ahmad Ali Alzubi, Abdulrhman Alkhanifer

All Works

The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly affected human behavior, creating a need for individuals to be more cautious about health and safety protocols. People are becoming more aware of their surroundings and the importance of minimizing the risk of exposure to potential sources of infection. This shift in mindset is particularly important in indoor environments, especially hospitals, where there is a greater risk of virus transmission. The implementation of route planning in these areas, aimed at minimizing interaction and exposure, is crucial for positively influencing individual behavior. Accurate maps of buildings help provide location-based services, prepare for emergencies, and manage infrastructural …

(Gun) Tag, Congress Is It!, Robert E. Wagner

SMU Law Review

The current majority of the Supreme Court has significantly increased access to firearms. In last year’s New York State Rifle & Pistol Association v. Bruen decision, the majority curtailed legislative options for protecting U.S. citizens from the danger presented by unfettered access to life-threatening weapons. The majority refused to acknowledge the danger inherent in firearms and the substantive difference in function between an antique flintlock and an AK-47. The Court’s refusal to consider the change that technology has brought to firearm capabilities has resulted in a dramatically reduced ability for any legislation to address the danger of firearms in a …

Community And Key Player Detection For Disrupting Illicit Drug Supply Networks In Social Media Platforms – Especially On Instagram, Akassi Rachel Niamke Aman

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This thesis focuses on the pressing issue of illicit drug trafficking and its impact on public health and safety at a global level. With the advent of digital technologies and social media platforms, combating drug trafficking has become increasingly challenging for law enforcement and researchers alike. Among these platforms, Instagram, a popular photo and video-sharing social networking platform, has emerged as a prominent hub for drug trafficking activities.

In this study, we delve into the effectiveness of community and key player detection algorithms in identifying and disrupting illicit drug supply networks on Instagram. To conduct our research, we collected real …

Firearms Law And Scholarship Beyond Bullets And Bodies, Joseph Blocher, Jacob D. Charles, Darrell A. H. Miller

Faculty Scholarship

Academic work is increasingly important to court rulings on the Second Amendment and firearms law more generally. This article highlights two recent trends in social science research that supplement the traditional focus on guns and physical harm. The first strand of research focuses on the changing ways that gun owners connect with firearms, with personal security, status, identity, and cultural markers being key reasons people offer for possessing firearms. The second strand focuses on broadening our understanding of the impact of guns on the public sphere beyond just physical safety. This research surfaces the ways that guns can create fear, …

Guided By History: Protecting The Public Sphere From Weapons Threats Under Bruen, Joseph Blocher, Reva B. Siegel

Faculty Scholarship

Since the Founding era, governments have banned guns in places where weapons threaten activities of public life. The Supreme Court reaffirmed this tradition of “sensitive places” regulation in District of Columbia v. Heller, and locational restrictions on weapons have become a central Second Amendment battleground in the aftermath of New York State Rifle & Pistol Association v. Bruen. Liberals have criticized Bruen for requiring public safety laws to mimic founding practice, while conservatives have criticized it for licensing regulatory change not within the original understanding. In this Article we argue that Bruen’s analogical method looks to the past to guide …

Effects Of Light/Dark Cycle Shifts On Delay Discounting, Katya A. Nolder

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Shift-work conditions are a necessity for the constant provision of certain medical, industrial, and commercial services in modern society. Shift work is associated with the increased risk of many negative health outcomes, including type 2 diabetes, heart disease, reproductive issues, and cancer. Shift workers experience multiple levels of circadian-rhythm disruption, which may increase maladaptive decision making, and this may mediate the relation between shift work and negative health outcomes. Circadian-rhythm disruptions can be systematically investigated in the basic laboratory, and one type of procedure involves changing the light/dark cycle in the animal vivarium. The current study investigated effects of light/dark …

The Evaluation Of Juvenile Rehabilitative Approaches, Rylie Wheeler

Research Papers

The current research seeks to evaluate current juvenile rehabilitative approaches and analyze their effectiveness in reducing juvenile offending behaviors. The juvenile justice system is analyzed from a historical perspective beginning prior to the establishment of the juvenile justice system in the 19^th century and leading to the current approaches of the 21^st century. Developmental research has found that most juveniles will desist from delinquency on their own by naturally growing out of their offending behavior. However, when juveniles become involved in the justice system the opportunity to age out of offending behavior is limited. Recognizing this, the juvenile …

Chicago Automated Red Light Enforcement Policy, Hailey Blanchard

Research Papers

As the use of automated speed enforcement expands, public debate remains over questions of equity around camera placement. When technological advances are made often the social impact lags behind the economic or legislative impact. In this paper, I examine the social equity of Chicago, Illinois speed camera enforcement. In this paper, I review the policy of red-light speed cameras in Chicago and the enforcement. Using publicly available data on the location of speed cameras and data on traffic accidents, I examine the placement of speed cameras in Chicago. I find that serious accidents are more likely in areas with higher …

Annual Campus Safety & Fire Report (Unmc), Department Of Public Safety, University Of Nebraska At Omaha

Public Safety Reports

Annual safety and fire report for the University of Nebraska Medical Center.

Delegating War Powers, Michael D. Ramsey, Matthew C. Waxman

Faculty Scholarship

Academic scholarship and political commentary endlessly debate the President’s independent constitutional power to start wars. And yet, every major U.S. war in the last sixty years was fought pursuant to war-initiation power that Congress gave to the President in the form of authorizations for the use of military force. As a practical matter, the central constitutional question of modern war initiation is not the President’s independent war power; it is Congress’s ability to delegate its war power to the President.

It was not until quite late in American history that the practice of war power delegation became well accepted as …

Distinguishing Juvenile Law And Juvenile Education: Undoing The School-To-Prison Pipeline Approved In In Re S.F., Anna Manogue

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.