Digital Commons Network^™

Pakistan's Contribution To The Global Rise In Conventional Pollution, Emily Warner

CMC Senior Theses

This thesis examines the impact of conventional pollutants on the environment, communities, and individuals in Pakistan. It begins by investigating the causes of conventional pollutants and exploring Pakistan’s agricultural industry, domestic practices, non-renewable energy sources, and industrial practices (the brick industry, leather tanning industry, and textile industry). It then analyzes factors that continue to contribute to conventional pollution in Pakistan such as economic incentives, politics, and traditional practices within industries. Exploring the measures that have been taken by Pakistan and other organizations to decrease conventional pollutants, it then suggests potential opportunities for improvement.

The Influence Of Early Childhood Parental Feeding Behaviors On Self-Regulation & Food Decision-Making In Young Adults, Natasha Singareddy

CMC Senior Theses

This study used data from a diverse set of undergraduates from the Claremont Colleges to examine the relationship between cognitive control (impulsivity and response inhibition) and self-regulatory ability as an indicator of sustained early childhood parental feeding behaviors in adulthood. In addition, the current study explored if early childhood parental feeding behaviors predicted food decision-making in adulthood as a result of perceived taste and nutritional value of food items. It was hypothesized that heightened impulsivity and impaired response inhibition as measures of cognitive control would correlate to poorer self-regulation, in turn reflecting a particular mode of early childhood parental feeding …

Modern-Day Hearing Impairment: The Role Of Environmental Factors And Lifestyle Choices, Hassan Majeed

CMC Senior Theses

This thesis explores the increasingly prevalent issue of hearing impairments in the context of modern environmental factors and lifestyle choices. The intricate workings of the human auditory system are first examined, emphasizing its complexity and sensitivity. The study delves into the categories of hearing impairments - conductive and sensorineural - highlighting their distinct characteristics, causes, and impacts on individuals' lives. A key focus of the research is the influence of environmental factors, particularly the escalating problem of noise pollution in urban and industrial settings. Studies show that prolonged exposure to high decibel levels significantly deteriorates hearing acuity. Other environmental risks, …

The Role Of Herbal Medicines In Central American Indigenous Communities; Improving Accessibility To Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment, Sarai Ortega

CMC Senior Theses

Indigenous communities in Central America have used various plant medications to treat illnesses and diseases for centuries. Clinicians must consider improving traditional healthcare methods that are intrinsic to indigenous communities in order to increase access to effective treatments, particularly for diseases that these communities are more at risk for. This work aims to propose a method to identify whether traditional preparations of five plants (Anacardium occidentale L., Hamelia patens Jacq., Momordica charantia L, Neurolaena lobota L. R. Br. Ex Cass., and Tecoma stans L. juss. ex Kunth) can reduce blood glucose levels in rats with type two diabetes. Additionally, …

A Comparative Study On How Governments And Outside Entities Responded To Natural Disasters: Haiti 2010, Ecuador 2016, And Japan 2011 Earthquakes, Cindy Burga-Romero

CMC Senior Theses

With the world becoming more susceptible to natural disasters on account of climate change, it is important to better see and understand the relationship between a country’s economic and political stability to its ability to provide resources and take care of their people and their institutions. This paper looks at 3 earthquake events in the 21st century that have had large disastrous impacts on the country’s infrastructure, economy, and livelihood of people. The events that occurred in Haiti in 2010, in Ecuador in 2016, and in Japan in 2011 have all had major negative impacts on the vastly different countries. …

The Psychology Behind The Marketing Of Alcohol And Tobacco: How We Convince People To Do Things That Are Bad For Them, Sophie Dvorkin

CMC Senior Theses

The marketing tactics of the alcohol and tobacco industry are inextricably linked through the psychological basis upon which these companies target their customers. Through the principles of reciprocity, social proof, scarcity, commitment and consistency, unity, and authority featured in Robert Cialdini’s book Influence: The Psychology of Persuasion (2021). The principle of reciprocity explains how companies get customers to buy in, social proof explains our dependence on our peers’ validation, and scarcity explains why we want what we can’t have. The principles of commitment and consistency explain how companies garner long-term customers that see themselves as an extension of a brand, …

Stressors And Hormone Levels: Predictors Of Covid-19 Health Outcomes In Latine Adults, Wendy Rodriguez

CMC Senior Theses

The Coronavirus 2019 Disease (COVID-19) has been shown by multiple studies to have disproportionate impacts on some individuals, especially minority populations. These may be attributed to differences in biological (sex), gender, social or cultural factors. In this study, we aim to identify and investigate the gender and social predictors that may be involved in the pathogenesis of the virus and its health outcomes. To achieve this, a literature review expands on relevant topics that better contextualize COVID-19’s complex nature. The potential role of hormones, estrogen, and testosterone is considered across different sexes and genders as protective agents against COVID-19. This …

Association Between Weight Status And Multimorbidity In Women At Reproductive Age Group Attending Phccs In Baghdad 2019, Athraa Yassin, Mohammed Al-Bayati

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

BACKGROUND:  Multimorbidity defined as (simultaneous occurrence of two or more chronic health conditions in    the same person without defining a primary disease) is a growing concern worldwide, with approximately 1 in 4 adults affected, associated with costly prolonged care and increased mortality and morbidity. These negative consequences affect individuals, households, and the whole society. OBJECTIVE: To describe the association between multimorbidity and weight status in women of reproductive age attending PHCCs in Baghdad. METHODS: Cross-sectional study was carried out among a random sample of women aged 15–49-year-old who attended 8 PHCCs in Baghdad from the March 1st to July 30th, …

Hepatitis A Encephalopathy Clinical And Laboratory Study Children Welfare Teaching Hospital, Zainab Al Khalifa, Dhiaa Al Beldawi

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis A virus is a small spherical non‐enveloped virus classified under the family Picornaviridae . It is highly contagious. Transmission is by person to-person contact through the fecal–oral route. Poor sanitation and personal hygiene, and consumption of contaminated food and water, are                   the commonest causes of HAV transmission. It is a viral liver disease that has a clinical spectrum ranges from asymptomatic infection to fulminant hepatitis and hepatic encephalopathy which is possibly reversible with treatment. The implementation of routine vaccination of children seems,              in the long term, the most reasonable way to get recurrent outbreaks under control. AIM OF …

Chemotherapy Induced Myelosuppression After First Cycle Of Adjuvant Chemotherapy For Non- Metastatic Breast Cancer, Marwa Mohammed, Adil Al Aqabi

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Chemotherapy makes cancer patients at risk of developing myelosuppression which may cause delay in treatment and dose reduction.AIM OF THE STUDY: To assess tendency for chemotherapy induced cytopenia after the first cycle of chemotherapy in non-metastatic breast cancer patients.PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective observational study included 152 patients diagnosed with breast cancer and planned to receive adjuvant chemotherapy in form of Adriamycin / cyclophosphamide (AC) based chemotherapy, all of them with normal complete blood count pre chemotherapy and were observed by recording their absolute neutrophil count, hemoglobin and platelet count …

Assessment Of The Nutritional Status & The Dietary Pattern Of The Under 5 Years Old Children With Sickle Cell Disease In Basrah Center For Hereditary Blood Diseases, Ban Al Hashimi, Hayat Al Mousawi, Zainab Kadhim

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

BACKGROUND: Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) were more liable to growth impairment as compared with healthy children as result of increased energy demand, endocrine and inadequate dietary intake OBJECTIVE: To assess nutritional status, dietary pattern of children with SCD and to determine the relationship between sociodemograghic characteristics & nutritional status of the children.  PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross sectional study conducted in Basrah center for hereditary blood diseases to evaluate                    the nutritional status of 60 patients all under 5 years with SCD by anthropometrics measurement, use of WHO growth charts,  prestructured questionnaire and assess their dietary intake depending on …

Food And Drug Regulation: Statutory And Regulatory Supplement (2023), Adam I. Muchmore

Faculty Scholarship

This Statutory and Regulatory Supplement is intended for use with its companion casebook, Food and Drug Regulation: A Statutory Approach (2021). This is not a traditional statutory supplement. Instead, it contains selected, aggressively edited provisions of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA), related statutes, and the Code of Federal Regulations. The Supplement includes all provisions assigned as reading in the casebook, as well as a few additional provisions that some professors may wish to cover. The excerpts are designed to be teachable rather than

“Vancouver’S Favourite Country Music Pub,” Single Room Occupancy Hotels, And The Context Of International Frameworks: Mapping Vancouver’S Urban Law And Cultural Policy, Sara Gwendolyn Ross

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

The public and private spaces of cities, their design, and the urban law and policy that shapes the lived spaces within cities provides a potent example of overlapping and often contested heritage(s) and heritage spaces that may have built heritage merit, may carry a high intangible value as gathering spaces for art, culture, and performance, or may be both characterized by their tangible and intangible heritage merit. The layers of diverging, contested, or interwoven heritage within the same urban spaces can diverge in what they mean to a group, community, or individual. They may represent significant moments of architectural grandeur, …

A Monitoring Infrastructure To Improve Flipped Learning In Technological Courses, Francisco Ortin, Jose Quiroga, Miguel Garcia

Department of Mathematics Publications

Flipped learning changes the traditional instructional approach of lectures. In flipped classrooms, the students work at home, while in-class sessions are used for other more interactive and active learning approaches guided by the lecturer. While flipped learning has shown many benefits, it is not easy to include remote students in face-to-face in-class sessions, and there is still reluctance from shy students to participate. In technological courses, classroom sessions in flipped learning require the installation of many software packages together with those tools commonly used by the students. Our objective is to improve these limitations in flipped learning by using an …

Large-Scale Network Connectivity And Cognitive Function Changes After Exercise Training In Older Adults With Intact Cognition And Mild Cognitive Impairment, Junyeon Won, Kristy A. Nielson, J. Carson Smith

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Background:

Despite growing evidence regarding the association between exercise training (ET) and functional brain network connectivity, little is known about the effects of ET on large-scale within- and between-network functional connectivity (FC) of core brain networks.

Objective:

We investigated the effects of ET on within- and between-network functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN), frontoparietal network (FPN), and salience network (SAL) in older adults with intact cognition (CN) and older adults diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The association between ET-induced changes in FC and cognitive performance was examined.

Methods:

33 older adults (78.0±7.0 years; 16 MCI and 17 …

Cross-Cultural Analysis Of Food Systems, Morgan Rice

Honors Projects

The central focus of my project is to explore the food system and Mediterranean diet consumed in the country of Spain based on my study abroad trip to Barcelona. This project compares and contrasts the food system and diet of this country with that of the United States to find what makes them different, and to explore the advantages and disadvantages of each system.

Double Burden Of Malnutrition Workshop Facilitation Manual: Iquitos, Peru, Carmen Quinteros-Reyes, Paraskevi Seferidi, Laura Guzman-Abello, Christopher Millett, Antonio Bernabé-Ortiz, Lindsey Pawloski, Ellis Ballard

Social System Design Lab

This is a facilitation manual for workshops in Lima, Peru as part of the project “Addressing the double burden of malnutrition in Peru: using a community-based system dynamics approach to improve food systems”. The project is a collaboration between investigators at the Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases (CRONICAS) at the University of Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Universidad de los Andes in Bogota, Peru, the Social System Design Lab at Washington University in St. Louis, USA and Imperial College London funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Science Research Council (Grant Ref: BB/T009004/1). It is a supplemental document associated with the paper …

Health Forest Networks: A Unified Urban Response To Regional Ecosystem Degradation And The Rise Of Chronic Disease, Rachel Toker

Fordham Urban Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Adolescent Well-Being And Exclusionary Discipline: A Resiliency Model, Rachel L. Ballard

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Adolescents, especially those with a mental illness, often behave in ways judged to be impulsive, overly emotional, and irresponsible (Gogtay et al., 2004; Lawrence et al., 2015; Tamnes et al., 2010). Many teen behaviors which concern adults can be related to underdeveloped skills or competencies, rate of brain development, or expressions of mental disorders (Casey et al., 2011; Serbin et al., 2011; Spear, 2000). Behaviors commonly associated with adolescence, such as impulsivity, risk-taking, and efforts to fit in with peers, are often seen as a serious threat to school harmony, learning, and student safety, necessitating a disciplinary response from school …

Neurocognitive Indicators Of Schizophrenia Liability In Positive, Negative, And Disorganized Schizotypes, Samantha M. Roop

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

One of the core features of schizophrenia is the remarkably stable cognitive deficits. Research consistently finds that individuals with schizophrenia demonstrate significant deficiencies in attention, working memory, verbal learning and memory, and executive functioning. Though cognitive deficits in schizophrenia have been widely investigated, research on these deficits as potential endophenotypes in those with schizotypy is variable. Even more so, the differentiation in cognitive deficits among positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypes is entirely lacking. The present study investigates whether individuals psychometrically identified to be at risk for developing a schizophrenia related illness (SRI) demonstrate deficits in neurocognition compared to healthy matched …

Self-Control, Nonattachment, And Cardiovascular Functioning: The Effects Of Self-Control And Nonattachment On Cardiovascular Responses To Stress, Ari Feinstein

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally and creates a large economic burden on society, through cost of treatment and missed workdays (Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2022). The body of research examining factors contributing to the development and exacerbation of CVD primarily focused on identifying biological factors until the development of George Engels biopsychosocial model in the 1970s (Engel, 1977). Researchers then turned to identifying psychosocial factors contributing to CVD, particularly in the context of identifying modifiable psychosocial factors. Trait self-control and nonattachment are two psychosocial constructs that have been associated with positive outcomes …

It Doesn't Matter What "Interpretation" Is, Francisco J. Urbina

Constitutional Commentary, Vol. 37 and later (2023–present)

No abstract provided.

Examining The Impact Of Teenage Pregnancy And Its Associated Factors On High School Graduation Rates In Ohio, Eshita Garg, Empress James

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Objective: Our objective is to determine the impact of teen pregnancy, and its associated factors (e.g., child poverty, single-parent households, disconnected youth) on high school graduation rates in Ohio. Introduction: Failure to complete high school often results due to a process known as educational disengagement. This process has been studied to include such factors like teenage pregnancy, which is often linked to increased absences and decreased participation in class. While studies indicate that programs should emphasize attendance and engagement, rather than teenage pregnancy prevention, we also examine factors that are commonly associated with teenage pregnancy. Such variables that contribute to …

The Impact Of Healthcare Disparities In Rural Ohio, Bailey Stammen, Sara Curtis

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Rural communities in the state of Ohio face barriers to care that affect the health of the population. This paper investigates the extent to which the general state of health, life expectancy, uninsured rates, and access to primary care providers can be affected by living in a rural community and how these variables have changed over time. Data from urban and rural counties in Ohio, taken from 2016 to 2022 via the 2022 County Health Rankings, will be used to explore health-related concerns. There were significant findings of decreased general health and access to primary care providers for rural communities …

Prevalence Of Multimorbidity In The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities Study At Baseline, Katie Highfill

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence of multimorbidity among middle-aged adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study at baseline by examining the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the participants.

Methods

I included 15,698 participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) baseline visit. Participants were randomly selected from 4 different locations in the United States. Multimorbidity was defined as the prevalence of 2 or more chronic conditions in an individual. Three different multimorbidity definitions (MM1, MM2, and MM3) were created with different inclusion criterion. Prevalence of each multimorbidity definition was analyzed among participants using …

Epilepsy And Treatment Resistance, Eva Kowalsky

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Epilepsy is one of the most common debilitating neurological conditions. Individuals with epilepsy experience frequent seizures. Seizures are caused by hyperexcitable and hyper-synchronized neurons. Anti-seizure medications typically work to normalize the electrical activity in the brain. Many epileptic disorders are caused by genetic mutations, most of which cause mutations in ion channel mechanics. 30% of individuals with epilepsy do not respond to classic anti-seizure medications. A combination of factors typically contributes to treatment resistance. Individuals with drug-resistant epilepsy must turn to novel approaches for seizure relief. These approaches include following a ketogenic diet, using CBD products, utilizing a neurostimulator device, …

The Effects Of Nausea And Vomiting On Mother And Child, Mayane Bensoussan

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Nausea and vomiting are common side effects that can occur during pregnancy. On one hand, it can lead to its severe form called hyperemesis gravidarum, which can lead to hospitalization for electrolyte imbalances, dehydration, muscle weakness, or arrhythmias. On the other hand, nausea and vomiting may be an indication of a statistically healthier fetus. Benefits of maternal nausea and emesis to the developing fetus include improved neural development, decreased risk for congenital heart defects, and decreased incidence of miscarriages. Additionally, benefits to the mother include decreased risk for lung, cervical, and rectal cancer. The mothers also had an overall decreased …

The Impact Of Maternal Health On Breastfeeding Duration, Yael Weinberg

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

The mechanism of breastfeeding is a complex biological process beginning with hormone production from the pituitary gland and ending with the ejection of milk from the breasts. Mothers are recommended to breastfeed exclusively for six months and then continue for another six with the addition of solid food. However, despite the countless health benefits associated with lengthened breastfeeding for both mother and infant, many women dismiss this recommendation. This paper aims to research the aspects of maternal health that can derail the recommended duration of breastfeeding, focusing on emotional health, nutritional intake, and various diseases or surgeries. It is found …

Do The Benefits Of Growth Hormone Outweigh The Risks?, Michael D. Goodstein

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Growth hormone treatment was introduced in the 1950s to confront growth hormone deficiency and metabolic irregularities. In 2003, however, the FDA approved growth hormone treatment for patients with abnormal growth rates unlinked to growth hormone deficiency. The treatment has become largely available to the general public, making the safety of growth hormone treatment an extremely important subject. This paper clarifies the benefits and efficacy of growth hormone treatment and analyzes the potential associated risks, including cancer and diabetes.

Development Of A Chitosan Nano-Immersion Vaccine Against Aeromonas Veronii Infection In Red Tilapia (Oreochromis Sp.), Pimwarang Sukkarun

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) is a prominent freshwater fish in Thai aquaculture. It has long been afflicted by severe bacterial diseases, ulcerative syndrome, and hemorrhagic septicemia, primarily caused by Aeromonas veronii. Vaccination is a key strategy for control and prevention. In this study a chitosan nano-immersion vaccine has been developed using a nanoemulsion technique and surface modification method with chitosan polymers. The physicochemical properties, mucoadhesive properties, immune response assays, and vaccine efficacy were investigated. The results showed that the vaccine is spherical-shaped, nanometer-sized, and having monodispersed positive charge. The mucoadhesive characterization, observed by SEM and fluorescence microscope imaging, demonstrated that …