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Core Issues, Case Studies, And The Need For Expanded Legacy African American Genomics, Fatimah Jackson, Carter Clinton, Jennifer Caldwell

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Introduction: Genomic studies of Legacy African Americans have a tangled and convoluted history in western science. In this review paper, core issues affecting African American genomic studies are addressed and two case studies, the New York African Burial Ground and the Gullah Geechee peoples, are presented to highlight the current status of genomic research among Africa Americans. Methods: To investigate our target population’s core issues, a metadatabase derived from 22 publicly accessible databases were reviewed, evaluated, and synthesized to identify the core bioethical issues prevalent during the centuries of the African American presence in North America. The sequence of metadatabase …

Understanding Barriers And Facilitators To Physical Activity Engagement To Inform A Precision Prescription Approach During Pregnancy, Joshua R. Sparks, Emily W. Flanagan, Maryam Kebbe, Leanne M. Redman

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Physical activity during pregnancy is an important health behavior. However, many pregnant individuals are provided with little-to-no guidance to adequately engage in physical activity. The purpose of this quantitative and quasi-qualitative study of currently or previously pregnant women was to examine physical activity behaviors in pregnancy and understand barriers and facilitators to achieving physical activity recommendations. Overall, 431 women (18+ years), White/Caucasian (84.5%), married (84.9%), and currently pregnant (66.6%), completed an online survey study. Most women (69.4%) reported engaging in cardio-based physical activity and willing to engage in physical activity to meet guidelines between 2 and 5 days per week …

Comparison Of Selected Exercise Training Modalities In The Management Of Pcos: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis To Inform Evidence-Based Guidelines, Giorgia E. Colombo, Xela Dafauce Bouzo, Rhiannon K. Patten, Aya Mousa, Chau Thien Tay, Loyal Pattuwage, Helena J. Teede, Leanne M. Redman, Angelica Lindén Hirschberg, Angelo Sabag

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine condition in women of reproductive age that often presents with reproductive, metabolic, and psychological symptoms. While exercise is part of the management of PCOS, it is unclear which form of exercise may be most effective and for which outcomes. Aim: In order to inform the updated 2023 International evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome, this systematic review aimed to determine the exercise modality that provides the greatest improvement in anthropometric, metabolic, hormonal/reproductive, and psychological outcomes in adult women with PCOS. Methods: Five databases were searched from …

Gene-Educational Attainment Interactions In A Multi-Population Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis Identify Novel Lipid Loci, Lisa De Las Fuentes, Karen L. Schwander, Michael R. Brown, Amy R. Bentley, Thomas W. Winkler, Yun Ju Sung, Patricia B. Munroe, Clint L. Miller, Hugo Aschard, Stella Aslibekyan, Traci M. Bartz, Lawrence F. Bielak, Jin Fang Chai, Ching Yu Cheng, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Mary F. Feitosa, Xiuqing Guo, Fernando P. Hartwig, Andrea Horimoto, Ivana Kolčić, Elise Lim, Yongmei Liu, Alisa K. Manning, Jonathan Marten, Solomon K. Musani, Raymond Noordam, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Tuomo Rankinen, Melissa A. Richard, Paul M. Ridker, Albert V. Smith, Dina Vojinovic, Alan B. Zonderman

Faculty Publications

Introduction: Educational attainment, widely used in epidemiologic studies as a surrogate for socioeconomic status, is a predictor of cardiovascular health outcomes. Methods: A two-stage genome-wide meta-analysis of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and triglyceride (TG) levels was performed while accounting for gene-educational attainment interactions in up to 226,315 individuals from five population groups. We considered two educational attainment variables: “Some College” (yes/no, for any education beyond high school) and “Graduated College” (yes/no, for completing a 4-year college degree). Genome-wide significant (p < 5 × 10−8) and suggestive (p < 1 × 10−6) variants were identified in Stage 1 (in up to 108,784 individuals) through genome-wide analysis, and those variants were followed up in Stage 2 studies (in up to 117,531 individuals). Results: In combined analysis of Stages 1 and 2, we identified 18 novel lipid loci (nine for LDL, seven for HDL, and two for TG) by two degree-of-freedom (2 DF) joint tests of main and interaction effects. Four loci showed significant interaction with educational attainment. Two loci were significant only in cross-population analyses. Several loci include genes with known or suggested roles in adipose (FOXP1, MBOAT4, SKP2, STIM1, STX4), brain (BRI3, FILIP1, FOXP1, LINC00290, LMTK2, MBOAT4, MYO6, SENP6, SRGAP3, STIM1, TMEM167A, TMEM30A), and liver (BRI3, FOXP1) biology, highlighting the potential importance of brain-adipose-liver communication in the regulation of lipid metabolism. An investigation of the potential druggability of genes in identified loci resulted in five gene targets shown to interact with drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration, including genes with roles in adipose and brain tissue. Discussion: Genome-wide interaction analysis of educational attainment identified novel lipid loci not previously detected by analyses limited to main genetic effects.

Evidence For The Efficacy Of Pre-Harvest Agricultural Practices In Mitigating Food-Safety Risks To Fresh Produce In North America, Naresh Devarajan, Daniel L. Weller, Matthew Jones, Aiko D. Adell, Achyut Adhikari, Ana Allende, Nicole L. Arnold, Patrick Baur, Sarah M. Beno, Donna Clements, Elissa M. Olimpi, Faith Critzer, Hyatt Green, Lisa Gorski, Angela Ferelli Gruber, Jasna Kovac, Jeffery Mcgarvey, Claire M. Murphy, Sarah I. Murphy, Nora Navarro-Gonzalez, Jeb P. Owen, Alda F.A. Pires, Nicole Richard, Sandipan Samaddar, Radomir Schmidt, Kate Scow, Nikki W. Shariat, Olivia M. Smith, Austin R. Spence, Don Stoeckel, Thao D.H. Tran, Gretchen Wall, Daniel S. Karp

Faculty Publications

Consumption of contaminated produce remains a leading cause of foodborne illness. Increasingly, growers are altering agricultural practices and farm environments to manage food-safety hazards, but these changes often result in substantial economic, social, and environmental costs. Here, we present a comprehensive evidence synthesis evaluating the efficacy of soil, non-crop vegetation, animal, landscape, and irrigation water management strategies aimed at reducing produce-safety risk in North America. We systematically summarized findings from 78 peer-reviewed papers on the effect of 21 management practices on the prevalence, abundance, or survival of four foodborne pathogens (i.e., E. coli, Salmonella spp., Listeria spp., and Campylobacter spp.), …

Optimization Of Lycopene Extraction From Tomato Pomace And Effect Of Extract On Oxidative Stability Of Peanut Oil, Dinh Thi Tran, Lan Thi Hoang Nguyen, Cuong Ngoc Nguyen, Maarten L.A.T.M. Hertog, Bart Nicolaï, David Picha

Faculty Publications

Lycopene, the pigment principally responsible for the red colour of tomatoes, is well-known for its strong antioxidant property and substantial health benefits. In this study, the optimal combination of factors for lycopene extraction from tomato pomace was identified using response surface methodology. The best practically feasible results maximising both lycopene yield and antioxidant activity of the extract were obtained by applying a ratio of ethyl acetate to tomato waste of 35:1 (v/w), at a temperature of 55°C for 100 min of extraction. The extract was then added to the peanut oil to evaluate its oxidative stability during 60 days of …

Lsu General Catalog 2023-2024, Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College

LSU General Catalog

The LSU General Catalog describes all undergraduate and graduate departments and programs with degree requirements and courses offered for each one. The LSU General Catalog includes information on registration and financial aid as well as academic services offered to all students.

Parental Engagement And Implementation Fidelity In A Mhealth Motor Skills Intervention For Young Children, Amanda E. Staiano, Sanjoy Saha, Robbie A. Beyl, Chelsea L. Kracht, Robert L. Newton, E. Kipling Webster

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Introduction: Mobile apps (i.e. mHealth) provide unprecedented opportunity for widespread dissemination of health behavior programs. However, for programs directed towards young children, parental engagement may explain differing results of mHealth programs. Within the context of an app-based fundamental motor skill (FMS) intervention that improved children’s motor skills (PLAY), this paper examines parents’ fidelity to the intervention and the extent to which fidelity was related to children’s motor skill improvements. Methods: In the PLAY trial, 72 children aged 3–5 years were randomized for their parents to access a Motor Skills app or Free Play app for a 12-week intervention. The Motor …

Validation Of Remote Assessment Of Preschool Children's Anthropometrics And Motor Skills, Alyssa M. Button, E. Kipling Webster, Chelsea L. Kracht, Chelsea Hendrick, Anthony Okely, Kar Hau Chong, Penny Cross, Amanda E. Staiano

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Introduction: Remotely delivered treatment and research procedures were rapidly adopted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, it is unclear if these measures are valid. The purpose of this study was to compare the validity of anthropometry and motor skill proficiency measurements collected in a remote-setting to in-person setting among a sample of children ages 3–4 years. Methods: Child anthropometry and motor skill performance were measured in-person by trained assessors and by parents at home with remote supervision via videoconference by trained assessors. The following measures from the National Institutes of Health Toolbox were collected: anthropometry (height and weight), manual …

Genotypic Variation Of Adaptive And Yield Component Traits Of Introduced Grain Oats (Avena Sativa L.) Grown In Bangladesh, Md Nashir Uddin, Md Ali Babar, Stephen A. Harrison, Ummea Khairun Fatema, S. M.Mostafa Kamal Khan

Faculty Publications

Oat (Avena sativa L.) is considered a nutritious cereal. Its demand has surged across the globe steadily for half a decade, including in Bangladesh. Because there is no local variety, the current supply in Bangladesh solely relies on imports. This study aimed to introduce grain oats from the United States of America (U.S.A.) to Bangladesh and determine the extent of their adaptability and yield in this new environment. One hundred oat accessions were introduced in collaboration between North South University, Bangladesh and the University of Florida, U.S.A. They were evaluated in field conditions from November 2019 to April 2020 in …

Leaky Gut And The Ingredients That Help Treat It: A Review, Ricardo Santos Aleman, Marvin Moncada, Kayanush J. Aryana

Faculty Publications

The human body is in daily contact with potentially toxic and infectious substances in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The GIT has the most significant load of antigens. The GIT can protect the intestinal integrity by allowing the passage of beneficial agents and blocking the path of harmful substances. Under normal conditions, a healthy intestinal barrier prevents toxic elements from entering the blood stream. However, factors such as stress, an unhealthy diet, excessive alcohol, antibiotics, and drug consumption can compromise the composition of the intestinal microbiota and the homeostasis of the intestinal barrier function of the intestine, leading to increased intestinal …

On The Usefulness Of Mock Genomes To Define Heterotic Pools, Testers, And Hybrid Predictions In Orphan Crops, Ingrid Pinheiro Machado, Júlio César Dovale, Felipe Sabadin, Roberto Fritsche-Neto

Faculty Publications

The advances in genomics in recent years have increased the accuracy and efficiency of breeding programs for many crops. Nevertheless, the adoption of genomic enhancement for several other crops essential in developing countries is still limited, especially for those that do not have a reference genome. These crops are more often called orphans. This is the first report to show how the results provided by different platforms, including the use of a simulated genome, called the mock genome, can generate in population structure and genetic diversity studies, especially when the intention is to use this information to support the formation …

Facing Emergencies With Equity: Adopting Arpa's Emergency Rental Assistance Eligibility And Documentation Standards For Undocumented Individuals As A Model For Housing Stability, Gregory Zlotnick

Faculty Articles

Demand for federally funded housing programs vastly outpaces supply. Moreover, the supply of those programs has been limited in their scope: namely, to U.S. citizens and certain legal residents. A patchwork of federal statutes and regulations, stitched together over years, made clear that undocumented individuals-a group estimated to number around 11,000,000 in 2022-are ineligible for various kinds of federally subsidized housing.

As a result, undocumented individuals-an already-vulnerable class of residents-were even more vulnerable to housing instability when the COVID-19 pandemic reached the United States in 2020. Ineligible for short term resources, such as unemployment benefits, as well as longer-term supports, …

Comparison Of Self-Reported Depression And Anxiety Scores Between U.S. Households With And Without Children At Early And Later Stages Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, Hanan Mohammed Eissa Jamali

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Parents in particular, are disproportionately affected by the 2019 coronavirus pandemic and the lockdowns that followed. Parents had to find a way to balance work, teaching, and taking care of their kids when schools were forced to close for safety reasons. While changes in parents' mental health have been the subject of a number of studies, there have been no studies comparing the level of depression and anxiety experienced by parents with and without children below the age of 18 years in the United States. Data for this study came from Households Pulse Survey (HPS) (week 2 N = 41,996; …

Association Between Occlusal Supports And Nutritional Status In Older Adults: A Systematic Review, Koji Mizutani, Risako Mikami, Yuriko Komagamine, Norio Aoyama, Yoshiyuki Sasaki, Takanori Iwata, Shunsuke Minakuchi, Manabu Kanazawa

Journal of Dental Sciences

Abstract Background/purpose Impaired masticatory performance results in nutritional deficiencies in older adults. This systematic review aims to investigate the following clinical question (CQ): Do occlusal supports impact nutritional intake or nutritional status in older individuals? Materials and methods An extensive systematic literature search was performed to summarize the currently available knowledge to address the CQ. The cohort and intervention studies with participants of ≧60 years old or a mean age of 65 years performed before May 2021 were included. Studies were required to measure the parameters related to occluding tooth pairs/occlusal units and food/nutrient intake and/or nutritional status. Bias risk …

Using Rose Pulp Silage Instead Of Sugar Beet Pulp Silage In Lambs Fed With Total Mixed Ration, Kadi̇r Emre Buğdayci, Mustafa Numan Oğuz, Hale Seçi̇lmi̇ş Canbay, Hidir Gümüş, Fatma Karakaş Oğuz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of using rose pulp (Rosa damacena) silage instead of sugar beet pulp silage on fattening performance, carcass yield, and some ruminal fluid parameters in lambs fed with total mixed ration. For this purpose, a total of 16 (average 30 ± 5 kg) 6-month-old Pırlak lambs, 8 in each group, were randomly divided into two groups. Total mixed rations were formulated by using concentrate, wheat straw and rose pulp silage (RPS) (Group 1) or sugar beet pulp silage (SBPS) (Group 2) in the experiment. Due to the low dry …

Building My Professional Identity, The University Of Texas Rio Grande Valley. College Of Health Professions Student Success Team, Suad Ghaddar, Keri Gonzalez, Murat Karabulut, Amparo Jaramillo, Fidencio Mercado, Zelma D. Mata, Blanca Robles, Sonya Salinas, Manuel Zavala, Lin Wang

Open Educational Resources - Books

No abstract provided.

Fda's Revolving Door: Reckoning And Reform, Laura Karas

Articles

Recent controversy over the FDA's approval of the Alzheimer's therapy Aduhelm (aducanumab) and the Duchenne muscular dystrophy therapy Exondys 51 (eteplirsen) called into question the impartiality and independence of high-level FDA regulators. Atypical associations between FDA regulators and pharmaceutical company sponsors, in addition to fierce internal disputes over the adequacy of the evidence, elicited criticism and triggered concern about potential undue influence at the FDA. The revolving door is one persistent source of undue influence that overshadows the discharge of FDA regulators' duties to the public. Exit from government to private-sector employment via the "revolving door" is a frequent occurrence …

Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Options For Western Australian Agriculture, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Climate Science Published Reports

The Western Australian (WA) Government is committed to building the climate resilience of the agriculture industry. The WA Climate Change Policy underscores this commitment to adapting to climate change and working with all sectors of the economy to achieve net zero emissions by 2050.

Achieving climate resilience requires both adaptation and the mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions which accelerate climate change.

The Sectoral Emissions Reduction Strategies (SERS) are a core commitment of the Western Australian Climate Policy. These will provide robust and credible emissions reduction pathways across sectors for the whole of WA. Development of the SERS, announced in …

Racial Justice And Marijuana, Steven W. Bender

California Western Law Review

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Food Insecurity On Resilience Among Undergraduate University Students, Gabrielle Castillo, Sabrina Bubis, Ushima Chowdhury, Katerina Nagorny, Lexi Rosenberg

Research Days Posters 2023

Food insecurity is a prevalent issue among college students. Stress induced by food insecurity may affect mental resilience. However, no previous reports have addressed this potential relationship. To fill this gap, an anonymous online survey targeting adults 18 years or older was distributed via social media and messaging platforms. The survey included demographic questions and the Brief Resilience Scale. A total of 997 people completed the survey, including 705 females, 246 males, and 46 others. Data was analyzed using Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient in SPSS Version 25.0. The results show that food insecurity was positively correlated with consumption of pre-packaged foods …

Effects Of Consumption Of Vitamin Supplements On Mental Health, Kyle Romeo, Emma Rebarber, John Quigley, Nathan Yaragudri, Vitan Shah

Research Days Posters 2023

Nutrient deficiency is a well-known factor of poor mental health functioning. The purpose of our study is to assess the relationship between consumption of supplements and overall mental health. An anonymous online survey was administered through Social Media (Instagram, Facebook) WhatsApp, Text Messages and GroupMe. The survey included basic demographic questions and questions on diet, nutrition, mindset, stress, resilience, and mental distress. More specifically, we questioned subjects on their overall supplementation habits. Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used to analyze data in SPSS version 25.0. Our results suggest there is an association between supplementation and neurobehaviors. This may be an indicator …

Influence Of Diet Quality And Mental Well-Being, Mary Sanchez, Caleb Yoo, Tiffany Wang, Adam Rosenburg

Research Days Posters 2023

Increasing evidence suggests that the average American diet is contributing to the increase in mental health issues, with 8.4% of all American adults having experienced at least one depressive episode. Our research study explores the relationship between the food consumed and mental wellbeing. An anonymous online survey was conducted through Google form and shared through social media apps such as Facebook, Instagram, and GroupMe. This survey included basic demographic questions and questions regarding the individual’s dietary patterns and mental health status. The results were analyzed using the Pearson Correlation Coefficient in SPSS version 25.0. There is a positive correlation between …

Relationship Between Binge Drinking, Food Restriction, And Mental Health In College Students, Sabrina Ng, Emma Gardner, Katelyn Decker, David Wang

Research Days Posters 2023

Binge drinking is a prevalent problem among college students and it is impacting many aspects of lives. This study focuses on the detriments of binge drinking on college students’ nutrition and mental health. An anonymous online survey was administered through Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, and Discord. The survey included basic demographic questions and questions on frequency of drinking, eating habits while drinking, typical daily food consumption, and mental-well being. Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used to analyze data in SPSS version 25.0. There is an association between binge drinking, food choices, and mental health among college students. Because of the effects of …

The Effect Of Dietary Patterns & Mental State, Brendan Kemp, Emily La, Tais Kouznetski, Rebecca Piccigallo

Research Days Posters 2023

The most common forms of mental disorder treatment include therapy, medication and physical activity. However, it is not quite as common to look at dietary habits to improve mental health. An anonymous online survey was administered through a google form. The survey included questions on the individuals general demographic, diet parameters, and various aspects of their mental health and mood states. There is an association between positive mood states and a healthy dietary pattern. Through the results that were obtained via the survey, it is concluded that there is a correlation between a healthy, balanced diet and a positive mental …

Drinking, Nutrition, And Mood Assessment, Vanessa Bottos, Maya Anand, Stephanie Toranto

Research Days Posters 2023

This study seeks to evaluate the potential correlation between drinking habits, nutritional habits, and overall well being of college aged individuals. An anonymous online survey was administered through Google Forms and shared amongst peers across various college campuses via email. The survey included basic demographic questions and questions regarding alcohol consumption, dietary habits, and mental well being. Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used to analyze data in SPSS version 25.0. Based on the responses from the survey, dietary patterns of college aged individuals were affected by their drinking habits. Specifically, there was an impact on caloric intake and restrictive eating as …

Effects Of Food Insecurity On Academic Motivation Amongst Undergraduate University Students, Sarah Livshits, Katerina Nagorny, Sabrina Bubis, Ushima Chowdhury, Lexi Rosenberg, Megan Welch

Research Days Posters 2023

Food insecurity is a prevalent problem for undergraduate students. The stress associated with food insecurity may reduce academic motivation, which may be linked to academic performance. However, no reports exist in the literature assessing this relationship. An anonymous online survey targeting adults 18 years or older was distributed via social media platforms. The survey included demographic questions, the Food Insecurity Experience Scale, and the Academic Motivation Scale. Data was analyzed using Pearson’s Correlation Correlation in SPSS Version 25.0. A total of 997 participants completed the survey.The results showed significant negative correlations between academic motivation and food insecurity and stress (p<0.01). Caring about attending college and a household running out of food was negatively correlated (p<0.01). Experiencing stress and being unable to eat healthy and nutritious food (p<0.01) were positively correlated. Overall, food insecurity is linked to a negative state of mind, which may reduce academic motivation.

Diet And Mood, Hope King, Lydia Ochla, Nagama Kistoo, Suraj Sajnani, Anthony O'Donnell

Research Days Posters 2023

Recent studies showed a link between nutrient consumption and mental health. To study the effects of diet on mood, an anonymous online survey was administered through iMessage, social media, and email. The survey included basic demographic questions and questions on dietary pattern, consumption of certain foods, supplement use, and mood. The Western diet consists of a large amount of trans fats. Since trans fats have been linked to increased anxiety and depression in previous studies, this may affect mood in a negative way. Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used to analyze data in SPSS version 25.0. There is a correlation between …

Effects Of Food Insecurity On Perceived Stress Among Undergraduate University Students, Alexis Valerius, Ushima Chowdhury, Sabrina Bubis, Katerina Nagorny, Lexi Rosenberg, Megan Welch

Research Days Posters 2023

Food insecurity is a rising issue among college students. The added pressure and worry over food availability impacts students’ mindset and their perception of stress. However, research investigating this relationship is limited. To address this gap, an anonymous online survey was distributed via social media platforms to adults 18 years and older. The survey included demographic questions, the Food Mood Questionnaire, and the Perceived Stress Scale. A total of 997 people completed the survey, including 705 females, 246 males, and 46 others. Data was analyzed using Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient in SPSS Version 25.0. A significant positive correlation was found between …

The Impact Of Food Insecurity On Neurobehaviors, Maddie Elliott, Mileni Casal, Kwaku Darkwah

Research Days Posters 2023

The current study focuses on the impact of food insecurity on mental health and neurobehaviors. Food insecurity is a widespread issue that can have detrimental effects on multiple aspects of life. Data was collected using an anonymous online survey that was administered via Instagram, Facebook, Groupme, and messages. The survey included basic demographic questions such as age, gender, education, and income. The survey further inquired about dietary restrictions, resilience, motivation, and mindset. Results indicate an indirect relationship between food availability and resiliency, motivation, and mental wellness. Our results suggest that food insecurity is harmful to the emotional state; this study …