Digital Commons Network^™

School Participation Of Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder And Food Selectivity, Courtney Desol, Ms, Otr/L

Post-Professional Occupational Therapy Doctorate Culminating Presentations

Introduction: Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are five times more likely to have feeding challenges than neurotypical peers (Sharp et al., 2013). Of these feeding challenges, food selectivity is among the most prevalent (Leader et al., 2020) and is defined as food refusal or limited food repertoire (Bandini et al., 2017). Food selectivity has been correlated with nutrition inadequacies (Bandini et al., 2010; Sharp et al., 2013) and poor diet quality (Johnson et al., 2014) in children with ASD. Additionally, correlations exist with sensory processing difficulties (Leader et al., 2020; Suarez et al., 2014), internalizing and externalizing behaviors (Johnson …

Infographic: Young People Experiencing Homelessness, Dominique Russell

Teacher infographics

Many students face personal challenges and hardship outside the school grounds, and this can have a negative impact on their health and education. Data published in 2023 explores 2021 Census data to give insight into the estimated number of people experiencing homelessness. Here, we share some of the data relating to those under the age of 18.

Additive Effects Of Cyclic Peptide [R4w4] When Added Alongside Azithromycin And Rifampicin Against Mycobacterium Avium Infection, Melissa Kelley, Kayvan Sasaninia, Arbi Abnousian, Ali Badaoui, James Owens, Abrianna Beever, Nala Kachour, Rakesh Kumar Tiwari, Vishwanath Venketaraman

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Mycobacterium avium (M. avium), a type of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), poses a risk for pulmonary infections and disseminated infections in immunocompromised individuals. Conventional treatment consists of a 12-month regimen of the first-line antibiotics rifampicin and azithromycin. However, the treatment duration and low antibiotic tolerability present challenges in the treatment of M. avium infection. Furthermore, the emergence of multidrug-resistant mycobacterium strains prompts a need for novel treatments against M. avium infection. This study aims to test the efficacy of a novel antimicrobial peptide, cyclic [R4W4], alongside the first-line antibiotics azithromycin and rifampicin in reducing M. avium survival. Colony-forming unit (CFU) …

Increased Sirt3 Combined With Parp Inhibition Rescues Motor Function Of Sbma Mice., David R Garcia Castro, Joseph R Mazuk, Erin M Heine, Daniel Simpson, R Seth Pinches, Caroline Lozzi, Kathryn Hoffman, Phillip Morrin, Dylan Mathis, Maria V Lebedev, Elyse Nissley, Kang Hoo Han, Tyler Farmer, Diane E Merry, Qiang Tong, Maria Pennuto, Heather L. Montie

PCOM Scholarly Works

Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a neuromuscular disease with substantial mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunctions. SBMA is caused by polyglutamine (polyQ) expansion in the androgen receptor (AR). Activating or increasing the NAD^+-dependent deacetylase, SIRT3, reduced oxidative stress and death of cells modeling SBMA. However, increasing diminished SIRT3 in AR100Q mice failed to reduce acetylation of the SIRT3 target/antioxidant, SOD2, and had no effect on increased total acetylated peptides in quadriceps. Yet, overexpressing SIRT3 resulted in a trend of motor recovery, and corrected TCA cycle activity by decreasing acetylation of SIRT3 target proteins. We sought to boost blunted …

Doctors’ Duty To Provide Abortion Information, Michelle Oberman, Lisa Soleymani Lehmann

Faculty Publications

With abortion remaining legal in over half of the country and a proliferation of websites offering information on how to access abortion medications, ending an unwanted early-stage pregnancy remains surprisingly easy. That is, easy for those who know where to look. But not all patients have equal access to reliable information. This Article addresses the urgent downstream harms caused by the lack of access to abortion information, particularly among the most vulnerable Americans, and argues that, in view of these consequences, regardless of abortion’s legal status, clinicians have a duty to provide their patients with abortion information.

We begin with …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Is The Pediatric Eosinophilic Esophagitis Symptom Score V2.0 Reliable For Telemedicine?, Si̇nem Polat Terece, Di̇lek Yapar, Hacer İlbi̇lge Ertoy Karagöl, Gi̇zem Köken, Demet Teker Düztaş, Ödül Eğri̇taş, Si̇nan Sari, Buket Dalgiç, Arzu Bakirtaş

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune-mediated disease. Telemedicine is a healthcare technology used when a patient is separated by distance. The reliability of the Pediatric Eosinophilic Esophagitis Symptom Score, version 2.0 (PEESS v2.0) for telemedicine applications, has not been studied yet. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the reliability of PEESS v2.0 for telemedicine. Materials and methods: We sent a telesurvey using questionnaires via electronic telecommunication as the telemedicine method. Children with EoE and their parents were asked to complete PEESS v2.0 with the telesurvey method (unsynchronized with the physician) and attend in-person visits one week apart. Intraclass correlation …

The Role Of Curcumin On Apoptosis And Nlrp3 Inflammasome-Dependent Pyroptosis On Colorectal Cancer In Vitro, Zeynep Dal, Başak Aru

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Many factors such as stress, lifestyle, and dietary habits are known to play a role in the initiation and progression of the disease. Herbal therapeutic agents including curcumin can hold a great potential against cancer treatment; however, their efficacy on CRC is still under investigation. Herein, we evaluated the anticancer mechanism of curcumin on four different CRC cell lines. Materials and methods: Cells were treated with curcumin for 24, 48 and 72 h, and IC50 doses for each cell line were calculated. Mechanistic studies were conducted with the …

Radioprotective Effects Of Melatonin And Thymoquinone On Liver, Parotid Gland, Brain, And Testis Of Rats Exposed To Total Body Irradiation, Mehmet Koç, Çi̇ğdem Damla Deni̇z, Mehmet Aki̇f Eryilmaz, Yilmaz Tezcan, Mehmet Gürbi̇lek

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: This study aimed to investigate thymoquinone (TQ), and melatonin's radioprotective effects on liver, parotid gland, brain, and testis of rats which were exposed to total body irradiation (IR). Materials and methods: Thirty adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups that are Group 1 (control group): total body IR only, Group 2: IR-Melatonin (10 mg/kg), Group 3: IR-TQ (10 mg/kg), and Group 4 (sham group): nothing. Total body IR dose was 6 Gy. Tissue samples were taken 90 min after IR. The measurements of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were performed in all groups. …

A Mixed Methods Approach To Understanding The Links Between Mining, Climate Change And Selected Health Outcomes In India, Mary J. Cheruvillil

Dissertations and Theses

Despite ample evidence of the significant role that mining activities play in determining health outcomes, in India there is a dearth of comprehensive health studies that draw linkages between mining and health. The purpose of the following study is to investigate the impact of mining activities on population health in India using three different methods: ecological multivariable regression, exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) and content analysis of government documents using a phenomenological approach. The first aim uses the ecological multivariable regression to examine associations between mining activities and children’s malnutrition outcomes at the district level. Census data, the Demographic Health …

Graduate Student Experiences With Food Insecurity, Melanie Ibarra

Theses and Dissertations

This research study aimed to examine and analyze food-insecure graduate student experiences at Rowan University. Graduate student experiences are often left out of current literature and this study was conducted to uncover and discuss how food insecurity affects this population and provide recommendations through nuanced food-insecure graduate student experiences. This study used a qualitative phenomenological approach including semi-structured interviews with five participants. A thematic analysis was used to categorize the findings of five themes: Stigma, Academic Engagement, Physical and Mental Health, Coping Mechanisms, and Food Resources. The findings of this study allowed for the transition into further recommendations for practice …

Using Mesocosms To Model Optimal Levels Of Body Size Variation In Larval Spotted Salamanders (Ambystoma Maculatum), Ian Kratzer

Online Theses and Dissertations

Body size is a critical aspect of an organism’s biological identity mediated by various biotic and abiotic factors. Body size historically been approached through “single optima” approaches, but body size variation modifies both inter- and intraspecific interactions and impacts competition-driven fitness outcomes within populations. Understanding optimal levels of body size variation will help illuminate how variation influences competitive outcomes and reproductive fitness. Populations may be structured through resource partitioning or competitive hierarchies, yet these structures predict contradictory size variation optima. This study sought to determine optimal levels of intraspecific body size variation in populations of larval salamanders to evaluate these …

Emergency Ultrasound Of Respiratory Muscles: A Promising Tool For Determining The Outcomes Of Copd Exacerbations, Di̇nçer Yegi̇n, Alten Oskay, Tülay Oskay, Selcan Enver Di̇nç, Hande Şenol, Mert Özen, Vefa Çakmak, Murat Seyi̇t, Atakan Yilmaz, İbrahi̇m Türkçüer

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The respiratory muscles of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exhibit structural and functional changes that can be evaluated and monitored by ultrasonography. Materials and methods: This single-center, prospective study was conducted in the emergency department (ED) of a tertiary care hospital over an eight-month period (September 2020-May 2021). Diaphragmatic excursions, end-expiratory thickness, and thickening fractions, as well as right and left intercostal muscle thicknesses, of all adult subjects manifesting COPD exacerbation, were assessed. The data were analyzed regarding ward/intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization or discharge from the ED, mortality, and readmission within 15 days. Results: Sixty-three subjects …

Additive Effects Of Cyclic Peptide [R4w4] When Added Alongside Azithromycin And Rifampicin Against Mycobacterium Avium Infection, Melissa Kelley, Kayvan Sasaninia, Arbi Abnousian, Ali Badaoui, James Owens, Abrianna Beever, Nala Kachour, Rakesh Kumar Tiwari, Vishwanath Venketaraman

Student Publications

Mycobacterium avium (M. avium), a type of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), poses a risk for pulmonary infections and disseminated infections in immunocompromised individuals. Conventional treatment consists of a 12-month regimen of the first-line antibiotics rifampicin and azithromycin. However, the treatment duration and low antibiotic tolerability present challenges in the treatment of M. avium infection. Furthermore, the emergence of multidrug-resistant mycobacterium strains prompts a need for novel treatments against M. avium infection. This study aims to test the efficacy of a novel antimicrobial peptide, cyclic [R4W4], alongside the first-line antibiotics azithromycin and rifampicin in reducing M. avium survival. Colony-forming unit …

Increased Sirt3 Combined With Parp Inhibition Rescues Motor Function Of Sbma Mice, David R Garcia Castro, Joseph R Mazuk, Erin M Heine, Daniel Simpson, R Seth Pinches, Caroline Lozzi, Kathryn Hoffman, Phillip Morrin, Dylan Mathis, Maria V Lebedev, Elyse Nissley, Kang Hoo Han, Tyler Farmer, Diane E Merry, Qiang Tong, Maria Pennuto, Heather L Montie

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a neuromuscular disease with substantial mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunctions. SBMA is caused by polyglutamine (polyQ) expansion in the androgen receptor (AR). Activating or increasing the NAD+-dependent deacetylase, SIRT3, reduced oxidative stress and death of cells modeling SBMA. However, increasing diminished SIRT3 in AR100Q mice failed to reduce acetylation of the SIRT3 target/antioxidant, SOD2, and had no effect on increased total acetylated peptides in quadriceps. Yet, overexpressing SIRT3 resulted in a trend of motor recovery, and corrected TCA cycle activity by decreasing acetylation of SIRT3 target proteins. We sought to boost blunted SIRT3 activity …

Muscle Architecture And Maximal Strength Between Male Practitioners Of Functional Fitness Training And Strength Training, Silas Nery De Oliveira, Grazieli Maria Biduski Zapello, Débora Aparecida Knihs, Gabriela Fischer, Antônio Renato Pereira Moro

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(7): 1142-1153, 2023. Functional Fitness Training (FFT) is a very popular training method in recent years. However, the combination of aerobic and strength components of this training method raised the hypothesis of impaired strength and muscle structure when compared to Strength Training (ST). Thus, the study aimed to compare muscle architecture and strength between FFT and ST, and the relationship between muscle architecture and maximum strength performance. Males (28.46 ± 6.03 years), nonathletes, and practitioners for two years in FFT (n = 8) and ST (n = 8), in addition to males classified as physically …

Book Reviews, Tommy C. Brown, David Dixon, Erin Kempker, Keira V. Williams, Kevin Boland Johnson, Mikaëla M. Adams, Stephen J. Whitfield, Susan Puckett, Tiyi M. Morris, Christine Rizzi, Yumi Park Huntington

Journal of Mississippi History

Book reviews of:

Grant at Vicksburg: The General and the Siege. By Michael B. Ballard. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 2013. Illustrations, maps, notes, index. Pp. xiii, 232. $32.95 cloth, $32.95 e-book. ISBN: 9780809332403.

A Voice That Could Stir an Army: Fannie Lou Hamer and the Rhetoric of the Black Freedom Movement. By Maegan Parker Brooks (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2014. Index, bibliography. Pp. 314. $60 cloth, $60 e-book. ISBN 978- 1-628646-004-9.)

A New Southern Woman: T he Correspondence of Eliza Lucy Irion Neilson, 1871-1883. Edited by Giselle Roberts. (Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2013. …

The Legacy Of The Child Development Group Of Mississippi: White Opposition To Head Start In Mississippi, 1965-1972, Emma Folwell

Journal of Mississippi History

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Gloves And Occupational Tasks On Handgrip Strength In Structural Firefighters, Sarah N. Lanham, Emily L. Langford, Haresh Rochani, Bridget F. Melton, Stephen J. Rossi, Mark Abel

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(4): 1087-1102, 2023. Adequate handgrip strength (HGS) is important to safely perform fireground tasks. However, there is limited research describing the deleterious impact of glove use and fatigue from occupational tasks on HGS. Therefore, the aims of this investigation were to quantify the impact of glove use and occupational tasks on HGS, to explore the relationship between HGS versus the glove and task-induced decrement in HGS, and to evaluate the relationship between HGS and decrement in HGS versus occupational performance. Fourteen (Male: n = 13) career structural firefighters (Age: 35.5 ± 7.2 yr) performed a …

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - August 17, 2023, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the August 17, 2023 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents include:

• USA SRFC receives grant to support' Food as Medicine initiative
• Basic medical sciences graduate student receives esteemed Gilliam fellowship
• All of Us research program seeks participants
• USA mourns loss of Cindy sheets, M.D.. retires pediatrics faculty member
• Register now: CME opportunities for opioids and ethics credits

Katanning Research Station Showcase: Projects And Initiatives, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Animal production and livestock research reports

An overview of current projects run from Katanning Research Station.

Katanning Research Station is a sheep, pasture and cropping research hub. The digital agriculture technologies and management systems are designed to lift productivity and lower greenhouse gas emissions. The research includes the:

• genetics (breeding values) of feed intake efficiency in sheep
• impact of feed supplements and forage combinations on methane production of sheep
• evaluation of novel pasture species to develop livestock systems of green feed year round
• saltland rehabilitation program that aims to halt and reverse salinity (surface water management and groundwater drainage), and provide out-of-season feed (the planting of …

Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome Masquerading As Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Case Report., Andrew Lurie, Lohitha Guntupalli, Veenah Stoll, Anthony Moon

HPD Articles

Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA) syndrome is a rare upper gastrointestinal problem characterized by narrowing the angle between the aorta and SMA. While the syndrome describes small bowel obstruction as a result of compression at the proximal duodenum, the nonspecific abdominal findings often obscure this diagnosis initially. We present a case of a 21-year-old female with persistent upper abdominal pain of unclear etiology, which was later diagnosed as SMA Syndrome and referred for surgical management. Nonspecific abdominal symptoms in a young female with weight loss and ambiguous laboratory and physical exam findings should increase the index of suspicion for SMA syndrome …

An Odontometric Biodistance Analysis Of The Rong And The A'Chik, Mary Ashley Stough

Anthropology

Little is known about the population history and genetic affinities of many of the tribal groups of northeastern India, including the Rong and the A'chik. Previous linguistic and genetic studies have suggested that these non-Hindu tribal groups may be descendants of East Asian immigrants. Due to the linguistic and genetic research, cultural differences between the groups, and geographic barriers it was hypothesized that members of these two tribal groups share a population history different from that of ethnic groups of other regions of the subcontinent. This study employs tooth size allocation analysis to test hypotheses concerning the origins of the …

Trophic Pathways And Their Relationship To Growth In Nearshore Consumers Across The Northern Gulf Of Alaska, Katherine M. Corliss

Marine Biology

Highly productive nearshore ecosystems in cold-temperate regions, such as the Northern Gulf of Alaska (NGOA), are supported by macroalgae and phytoplankton at the base of their food webs. Biomass of these primary producers varies seasonally, suggesting that longer-term environmental change could also shift biomass and/or range of basal producers. Our goal was to determine how proportional contributions of organic matter from macroalgae and phytoplankton to the diet of nearshore consumer species in the NGOA vary in space and time, and if these differences affect consumer growth. We used carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis to investigate diet sourcing of filter-feeding …

Defining The Roles Of Pyruvate Oxidation, Tca Cycle, And Mannitol Metabolism In Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection, Santosh Paudel, Sarah Guedry, Chloe L P Obernuefemann, Scott J Hultgren, Jennifer N Walker, Ritwij Kulkarni

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important cause of complicated urinary tract infection (UTI) associated with the use of indwelling urinary catheters. Previous reports have revealed host and pathogen effectors critical for MRSA uropathogenesis. Here, we sought to determine the significance of specific metabolic pathways during MRSA UTI. First, we identified four mutants from the Nebraska transposon mutant library in the MRSA JE2 background that grew normally in rich medium but displayed significantly reduced growth in pooled human urine (HU). This prompted us to transduce the uropathogenic MRSA 1369 strain with the transposon mutants in sucD and fumC (tricarboxylic acid …

Female Dall's Sheep Summer Nutrition In The Chugach Mountains, Alaska, Luke Metherell

Biological Sciences

As part of recent research efforts by the Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G) to identify issues related to current population declines in Alaskan Dall's sheep (Ovis dalli dalli), we conducted a summer nutrition study on a subpopulation of female Dall's sheep (ewes) in the Chugach Mountains of Southcentral Alaska. Over the summers of 2016, 2017, and 2018, we assessed ewe diet compositions and identified forage types through video observation of foraging ewes. During this time, we collected forage and fecal samples to evaluate ewe forage quality [crude protein (%), gross energy (kcal/g), and apparent digestibility (Da)] and identify …

Evaluation Of Enterococcal Probiotic Usage And Review Of Potential Health Benefits, Safety, And Risk Of Antibiotic-Resistant Strain Emergence, Eric J. Im, Harry H.-Y. Lee, Minzae Kim, Myo-Kyoung Kim

Pacific Faculty Work

Enterococci are often used in probiotics but can also cause nosocomial infections. As such, enterococcal consumption may have beneficial health effects, but a thorough evaluation of virulence absence and risk of antibiotic resistance spread is needed at the strain level. This article reviewed ten online health product shopping websites in the US. On these websites, 23 probiotic products using enterococci were found across 12 companies. In addition, this article reviewed studies that demonstrated the probiotic potential of enterococcal consumption (e.g., gastrointestinal and respiratory disease, hyperlipidemia alleviation, as well as infection prevention). To investigate the safety aspects of enterococci, the present …

Evaluating Amino Acid Isotopic Biomarkers Of Added Sugar And Animal Protein Intakes, Jessica Jean Johnson

Biological Sciences

Diet is an important risk factor for chronic disease, but identifying precise relationships between diet and disease remains challenging because of the high error in self-reported dietary measurements. Objective biomarkers of diet can help account for this error. Natural abundance amino acid carbon isotopes ratios (AA CIRs) and nitrogen isotope ratios (AA NIRs) are candidate biomarkers of multiple dietary intakes in the US, due to their natural variation in the diet. In this dissertation, I evaluate whether AA CIRs and AA NIRs are sensitive and specific biomarkers of intakes, such as added sugar and animal protein, in the context of …

Dynamics Of The Mrsa Population In A Chilean Hospital: A Phylogenomic Analysis (2000-2016), José R W Martínez, Paul J Planet, Maria Spencer-Sandino, Lina Rivas, Lorena Díaz, Ahmed M Moustafa, Ana Quesille-Villalobos, Roberto Riquelme-Neira, Manuel Alcalde-Rico, Blake Hanson, Lina P Carvajal, Sandra Rincón, Jinnethe Reyes, Marusella Lam, Juan F Calderon, Rafael Araos, Patricia García, César A Arias, José M Munita

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The global dissemination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is associated with the emergence and establishment of clones in specific geographic areas. The Chilean-Cordobes clone (ChC) (ST5-SCCmecI) has been the predominant MRSA clone in Chile since its first description in 1998, despite the report of other emerging MRSA clones in recent years. Here, we characterize the evolutionary history of MRSA from 2000 to 2016 in a Chilean tertiary health care center using phylogenomic analyses. We sequenced 469 MRSA isolates collected between 2000 and 2016. We evaluated the temporal trends of the circulating clones and performed a phylogenomic reconstruction to …

Defining The Roles Of Pyruvate Oxidation, Tca Cycle, And Mannitol Metabolism In Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection, Santosh Paudel, Sarah Guedry, Chloe L P Obernuefemann, Scott J. Hultgren, Jennifer N. Walker, Ritwij Kulkarni

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important cause of complicated urinary tract infection (UTI) associated with the use of indwelling urinary catheters. Previous reports have revealed host and pathogen effectors critical for MRSA uropathogenesis. Here, we sought to determine the significance of specific metabolic pathways during MRSA UTI. First, we identified four mutants from the Nebraska transposon mutant library in the MRSA JE2 background that grew normally in rich medium but displayed significantly reduced growth in pooled human urine (HU). This prompted us to transduce the uropathogenic MRSA 1369 strain with the transposon mutants in