Digital Commons Network^™

The Generation Of A Physics Informed Machine Learning Model To Predict Defect Evolution In Materials & On The Thermally Activated Regime Of Dislocation Motion: A Simulation Driven Study On The Mechanical Behavior Of Crystals, Liam Myhill

All Theses

Line defects in crystals, known as dislocations, govern the mechanisms of plastic deformation at the micro-meso scale. The study of dislocations has proliferated the field of materials science and engineering for since the 1950’s, and modern studies show increasing utilization of computational methods to model the evolution of line defects in material systems. In keeping with modern research practice, the studies herewith demonstrate the use of advanced computing to generate models which can be used to better understand the behaviors of dislocations within crystal matrices. An advanced high-throughput model for a physically informed machine learning graph neural network (PIML-GNN) is …

Model Of Surface Waves On A Viscoelastic Material In A Cylindrical Container With Edge Constraints, Phillip Wilson

All Theses

A theoretical model is developed for the resonant frequencies and mode shapes of pinned edge surface waves on a viscoelastic fluid contained in a finite depth cylindrical container. A boundary integral approach is used to map the governing equations to the domain boundary. The surface waves obey an eigenvalue operator equation that depends on four dimensionless parameters: the cylinder aspect ratio, the Bond number, the Ohnesorge number, and the elastocapillary number. A solution is constructed using a Rayleigh-Ritz variational procedure over a constrained function space, which is able to effectively incorporate the pinned edge boundary condition. Mode shapes are defined …

Laundering Police Lies, Adam Gershowitz, Caroline E. Lewis

Faculty Publications

Police officers—like ordinary people—are regularly dishonest. Officers lie under oath (testilying), on police reports (reportilying), and in a myriad of other situations. Despite decades of evidence about police lies, the U.S. Supreme Court regularly believes police stories that are utterly implausible. Either because the Court is gullible, willfully blind, or complicit, the justices have simply rubber-stamped police lies in numerous high-profile cases. For instance, the Court has accepted police claims that a suspect had bags of cocaine displayed in his lap at the end of a police chase (Whren v. United States), that officers saw marijuana through a …

Sentencing In An Era Of Plea Bargains, Jeffrey Bellin, Jenia I. Turner

Faculty Publications

The literature offers inconsistent answers to a question that is foundational to criminal law: Who imposes sentences? Traditional narratives place sentencing responsibility in the hands of the judge. Yet, in a country where 95% of criminal convictions come from guilty pleas (not trials), modern American scholars center prosecutors—who control plea terms—as the deciders of punishment. This Article highlights and seeks to resolve the tension between these conflicting narratives by charting the pathways by which sentences are determined in a system dominated by plea bargains.

After reviewing the empirical literature on sentence variation, examining state and federal plea-bargaining rules and doctrines, …

Up To Code: Lessons Learned In Evaluating And Improving Legacy Irs, Frances Chang Andreu

Articles

Not all repositories are created under ideal circumstances, and inheriting an institutional repository can present challenges distinct from building one from scratch. Changes in institutional vision, policies, and priorities can lead to inconsistent content and limited metadata. Lack of documentation and loss of institutional memory can result in uncertainty about previous decisions. This case study examines the process of auditing a legacy institutional repository in order to ensure the content best reflects the institution’s current goals and policies.

Consistency Examination Of A Systematic Review And Data Analysis Report For A Social Justice Study—A Mixed Research Model, Zhidong Zhang, David Smith

Teaching and Learning Faculty Publications

This study aimed to investigate an approach for assessing the quality of doctoral dissertations, specifically focusing on the consistency between essential elements, namely the literature review and quantitative analysis results. To accomplish this, a mixed-methods design was employed.

The qualitative data were analyzed using semantic network and thematic analysis techniques, while the quantitative data were processed using SPSS procedures.

The study's findings demonstrated that this mixed-methods model effectively facilitates the examination of dissertation quality and consistency among key elements, such as the literature review and data analysis results. By integrating qualitative and quantitative approaches, researchers gain a comprehensive understanding of …

The Misrepresentation Of American Sign Language And Deaf Culture In Mainstream Film, Katherine Hamilton

McNair Scholars Research Journal

No abstract provided.

The Role And Relevance Of Investment Treaties In Promoting Renewable Energy Investments, Ladan Mehranvar, Lisa E. Sachs

Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment

Co-authors Ladan Mehranvar and Lisa Sachs discuss the effect of investment treaties as catalysts for critical investments in the energy transition, with a particular focus on the Spanish renewable energy cases. The book chapter, "The Role and Relevance of Investment Treaties in Promoting Renewable Energy Investments," is featured in Investment Arbitration and Climate Change, published by Kluwer Law International B.V.

The Economic Impact Of Artprize 2023, Christian Glupker, Paul Isely

Other Faculty Publications

ArtPrize is estimated to have generated or supported economic benefits for Kent County in the following ways:

• The total economic impact of all primary visitor spending and ArtPrize operational spending is estimated at $54.7 million in economic output supporting 434 jobs.
• 714,345 total visitors, with 53% visiting from outside the local region. The average age of all visitors was 47 years old.
• 39% of local visitors and 69% of all nonlocal visitors stated that ArtPrize was their primary reason for visiting Grand Rapids.
• All local visitors spent an average of 2.6 days at ArtPrize and all nonlocal visitors spent an …

The Relationship Between Principal Perceptions On Leadership And Inclusive Education With Growth Model Outcomes For Students With Disabilities, Jason Bletzinger

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Now more than ever, school principals play a critical role in effective implementation of inclusive education programs in their schools, as inclusive practices are becoming tightly embedded in a school’s culture (Sailor, 2016; Shogren et al., 2015). The success of inclusive education programs has been primarily supported by school principals’ positive attitudes toward inclusion (Romanuck Murphy, 2018; Urton et al., 2014). With increasing pressure to provide legally compliant and quality inclusive special education services in schools, it has become more critical than ever that school principals not only recognize the roles and responsibilities they play in leading inclusive education programs …

The George-Anne Inkwell Edition, Georgia Southern University

The Inkwell

No abstract provided.

The Brd4-Nut Fusion Alone Drives Malignant Transformation Of Nut Carcinoma, R Taylor Durall, Julianna Huang, Luke Wojenski, Yeying Huang, Prafulla C Gokhale, Brittaney A Leeper, Joshua O Nash, Pedro L Ballester, Scott Davidson, Adam Shlien, Emmanuel Sotirakis, Fabien Bertaux, Vincent Dubus, Jia Luo, Catherine J Wu, Derin B Keskin, Kyle P Eagen, Geoffrey I Shapiro, Christopher A French

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

NUT carcinoma (NC) is an aggressive squamous carcinoma defined by the BRD4-NUT fusion oncoprotein. Routinely effective systemic treatments are unavailable for most NC patients. The lack of an adequate animal model precludes identifying and leveraging cell-extrinsic factors therapeutically in NC. Here, we created a genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) of NC that forms a Brd4::NUTM1 fusion gene upon tamoxifen induction of Sox2-driven Cre. The model displayed complete disease penetrance, with tumors arising from the squamous epithelium weeks after induction and all mice succumbing to the disease shortly thereafter. Closely resembling human NC (hNC), GEMM tumors (mNC) were poorly differentiated squamous …

Mutation Of The Pebp-Like Domain Of The Mitoribosomal Mrpl35/Ml38 Protein Results In Production Of Nascent Chains With Impaired Capacity To Assemble Into Oxphos Complexes, Jodie M. Box, Jessica M. Anderson, Rosemary A. Stuart

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Located in the central protuberance region of the mitoribosome and mitospecific mL38 proteins display homology to PEBP (Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein) proteins, a diverse family of proteins reported to bind anionic substrates/ligands and implicated in cellular signaling and differentiation pathways. In this study, we have performed a mutational analysis of the yeast mitoribosomal protein MrpL35/mL38 and demonstrate that mutation of the PEBP-invariant ligand binding residues Asp(D)232 and Arg(R)288 impacted MrpL35/mL38’s ability to support OXPHOS-based growth of the cell. Furthermore, our data indicate these residues exist in a functionally important charged microenvironment, which also includes Asp(D)167 of MrpL35/mL38 and Arg(R)127 of the …

Microbial Stimulation Of Oxytocin Release From The Intestinal Epithelium Via Secretin Signaling, Heather A Danhof, Jihwan Lee, Aanchal Thapa, Robert A Britton, Sara C Di Rienzi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Intestinal microbes impact the health of the intestine and organs distal to the gut. Limosilactobacillus reuteri is a human intestinal microbe that promotes normal gut transit, the anti-inflammatory immune system, wound healing, normal social behavior in mice, and prevents bone reabsorption. Oxytocin impacts these functions and oxytocin signaling is required for L. reuteri-mediated wound healing and social behavior; however, the events in the gut leading to oxytocin stimulation and beneficial effects are unknown. Here we report evolutionarily conserved oxytocin production in the intestinal epithelium through analysis of single-cell RNA-Seq datasets and imaging of human and mouse intestinal tissues. Moreover, …

Understanding Multi-Platforming Behavior, Jennifer Large

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The focus of this research is to develop a comprehensive understanding of multi-platforming behavior (MPB), which refers to the use of multiple platforms within the same class. While MPB is defined here, the exact nature of this behavior remains a central question addressed in this research. The increasing prevalence of consumers using multiple platforms (ComScore, 2017) necessitates a deeper understanding of usage complexity (Burton-jones et al., 2017) and the value that platforms hold for consumers (McIntyre & Srinivasan, 2017). Consumers evaluate the portfolio of platforms they use when making usage decisions. Examining comparative usage between platforms has implications for both …

Evaluation Of Oxyfluorfen For Use In Roxy Rice, Casey Hunter Arnold

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Mid-southern U.S. rice (Oryza sativa L.) producers are challenged every year to control problematic barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.] and weedy rice (Oryza sativa L.) because they have evolved resistance to most labeled herbicides. Oxyfluorfen is a Herbicide Resistance Action Committee (HRAC)/Weed Science Society of America (WSSA) Group 14 herbicide that inhibits protoporphyrinogen oxidase within the plant. Currently, there are no HRAC/WSSA Group 14 herbicides labeled for barnyardgrass or weedy rice control in midsouthern rice production. Therefore, oxyfluorfen is being evaluated for barnyardgrass and weedy rice control. Plant breeders at the University of California – Davis were able to breed …

Diversity And Body Condition Of Birds Inhabiting Native And Exotic Forests In The Pampas Of Argentina, Alejandro Baladrón

North American Bird Bander

No abstract provided.

Western Bird Banding Association’S Fall And Winter Webinar Series, Danielle Kaschube

North American Bird Bander

No abstract provided.

Promoting Comprehension Strategies Of Primary Grade Students Through Datacasting Materials For Distance Learning, Alen Mateo S. Muñoz, Raymund C. Sison

Journal of English and Applied Linguistics

Many online learners, especially in resource-challenged schools, struggled with learning gaps during the pandemic. This study focuses on using cost-effective datacasting learning materials for distance education that promote intermediate grade students’ self-regulation, reading, and writing skills. Datacasting is the process of delivering computer (IP) data over a traditional television broadcast signal. Locally, where only 17.7% of households have Internet access, but 82.7% have television sets (Department of Informations and Communications Technology, 2019), datacasting affords greater learning opportunities than the Internet. Guided by structure, interactivity, and the functional language teaching theory, this study used sequential explanatory design to explore the role …

The 5r Model Of Language Learner Autonomy: Reconstructing Autonomous Language Learners In Distance Education, Roseniya G. Tamano

Journal of English and Applied Linguistics

Although the concept of language learner autonomy (LLA) has traditionally revolved around learners’ capacity to assume control over their own learning, the circumstances brought about by the pandemic prompt us to delve deeper into this capability. What is the nature of LLA, especially following the COVID-19 pandemic? This study uses a Philippine case to redefine and operationalize LLA by comprehensively describing this phenomenon. It focuses on the themes revealed in the lived experiences of the learners and proposes a model of LLA based on these findings. Exactly 41 Grade 10 ESL learners from a science high school served as participants …

Investigating College Students’ Second Language And Computer-Mediated Communication Anxieties In A Philippine Comprehensive University, Marikah Devon Forro, Rachelle Ballesteros-Lintao

Journal of English and Applied Linguistics

The issue of classroom language anxiety, considered a significant factor that hinders language learning, has received an increasing amount of research in the field of language education. In the Philippines, despite the abundance of literature regarding students’ language anxiety, the shift in the learning environment due to the pandemic may have significantly affected the language anxiety experienced by learners. Hence, this study sought to investigate students’ language and computermediated communication (CMC) anxieties as they communicate through technology during online classes. Subsequently, it was aimed at identifying the relationship between language anxiety and CMC anxiety. Employing Krashen’s (1982) theory of affective …

Development Of Thermosensitive Hydrogel Of Amphotericin-B And Lactoferrin Combination-Loaded Plga-Peg-Pei Nanoparticles For Potential Eradication Of Ocular Fungal Infections, Sammar Fathy Elhabal, Shrouk A Ghaffar, Raghda Hager, Nahla A Elzohairy, Mohamed Mansour Khalifa, Passant M Mohie, Rania A Gad, Nasreen N Omar, Mohammed H Elkomy, Mohammad Ahmad Khasawneh, Nashwa Abdelaal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The most prevalent conditions among ocular surgery and COVID−19 patients are fungal eye infections, which may cause inflammation and dry eye, and may cause ocular morbidity. Amphotericin-B eye drops are commonly used in the treatment of ocular fungal infections. Lactoferrin is an iron-binding glycoprotein with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and is used for the treatment of dry eye, conjunctivitis, and ocular inflammation. However, poor aqueous stability and excessive nasolacrimal duct draining impede these agens' efficiency. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Amphotericin-B, as an antifungal against Candida albicans, Fusarium, and Aspergillus flavus, and Lactoferrin, …

Development Of Canagliflozin Nanocrystals Sublingual Tablets In The Presence Of Sodium Caprate Permeability Enhancer: Formulation Optimization, Characterization, Sammar Fathy Elhabal, Mohamed A El-Nabarawi, Nashwa Abdelaal, Mohamed Fathi Mohamed Elrefai, Shrouk A Ghaffar, Mohamed Mansour Khalifa, Passant M Mohie, Dania S Waggas, Ahmed Mohsen Elsaid Hamdan, Samar Zuhair Alshawwa, Essa M Saied, Nahla A Elzohairy, Tayseer Elnawawy, Rania A Gad, Nehal Elfar, Hanaa Mohammed, Mohammad Ahmad Khasawneh

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Canagliflozin (CFZ) is a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2) that lowers albuminuria in type-2 diabetic patients, cardiovascular, kidney, and liver disease. CFZ is classified as class IV in the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) and is characterized by low permeability, solubility, and bioavailability, most likely attributed to hepatic first-pass metabolism. Nanocrystal-based sublingual formulations were developed in the presence of sodium caprate, as a wetting agent, and as a permeability enhancer. This formulation is suitable for children and adults and could enhance solubility, permeability, and avoid enterohepatic circulation due to absorption through the sublingual mucosa. In the present study, formulations containing various surfactants …

How Covid-19 And Racial Justice Protests Influenced Social Workers’ Perceptions Of Policy And Political Participation, Amy Krings, Maria V. Wathen, Teresa Kilbane

Social Work: School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Other Works

Drawing on political opportunity theory, this study examined how the political context created by the COVID-19 pandemic and Black Lives Matter protests influenced social workers’ perceptions about social welfare policy and political participation in the summer of 2020. Authors conducted a thematic analysis of the open-ended survey responses of 120 social work practitioners. Regarding perceptions of policy, respondents reported that they experienced new awareness about the breadth and depth of structural racism in the United States; that they held pessimistic views of the government’s ability to mitigate harm associated with the pandemic or racial injustice; and that structural change, including …

A Qualitative Exploration Of Sakeholders' Preferences For Early-Stage Rectal Cancer Treatment, Merrill E. Rubens, Timothy P. Mayo, Radhika K. Smith, Sean C. Glasgow, Mary C. Politi

2020-Current year OA Pubs

As treatment options for patients with rectal cancer evolve, patients with early-stage rectal cancer may have a treatment choice between surgery and a trial of nonoperative management. Patients must consider the treatments' clinical tradeoffs alongside their personal goals and preferences. Shared decision-making (SDM) between patients and clinicians can improve decision quality when patients are faced with preference-sensitive care options. We interviewed 28 stakeholders (13 clinicians and 15 patients) to understand their perspectives on early-stage rectal cancer treatment decision-making. Clinicians included surgeons, medical oncologists, and radiation oncologists who treat rectal cancer. Adult patients included those diagnosed with early-stage rectal cancer in …

Endothelial Adam10 Utilization Defines A Molecular Pathway Of Vascular Injury In Mice With Bacterial Sepsis, Danielle N. Alfano, Mark J. Miller, Juliane Bubeck-Wardenburg

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The endothelium plays a critical role in the host response to infection and has been a focus of investigation in sepsis. While it is appreciated that intravascular thrombus formation, severe inflammation, and loss of endothelial integrity impair tissue oxygenation during sepsis, the precise molecular mechanisms that lead to endothelial injury remain poorly understood. We demonstrate here that endothelial ADAM10 was essential for the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus sepsis, contributing to α-toxin-mediated (Hla-mediated) microvascular thrombus formation and lethality. As ADAM10 is essential for endothelial development and homeostasis, we examined whether other major human sepsis pathogens also rely on ADAM10-dependent pathways in …

Programmable And Reversible Integrin-Mediated Cell Adhesion Reveals Hysteresis In Actin Kinetics That Alters Subsequent Mechanotransduction, Zheng Zhang, Guy M Genin, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Dynamically evolving adhesions between cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) transmit time-varying signals that control cytoskeletal dynamics and cell fate. Dynamic cell adhesion and ECM stiffness regulate cellular mechanosensing cooperatively, but it has not previously been possible to characterize their individual effects because of challenges with controlling these factors independently. Therefore, a DNA-driven molecular system is developed wherein the integrin-binding ligand RGD can be reversibly presented and removed to achieve cyclic cell attachment/detachment on substrates of defined stiffness. Using this culture system, it is discovered that cyclic adhesion accelerates F-actin kinetics and nuclear mechanosensing in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), with …

Trpv4 Differentially Controls Inflammatory Cytokine Networks During Static And Dynamic Compression Of The Intervertebral Disc, Garrett W D Easson, Alireza Savadipour, Christian Gonzalez, Farshid Guilak, Simon Y Tang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The ion channel transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) critically transduces mechanical forces in the IVD, and its inhibition can prevent IVD degeneration due to static overloading. However, it remains unknown whether different modes of loading signals through TRPV4 to regulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines. We hypothesized that TRPV4 signaling is essential during static and dynamic loading to mediate homeostasis and mechanotransduction.

METHODS: Mouse functional spine units were isolated and either cyclically compressed for 5 days (1 Hz, 1 h, 10% strain) or statically compressed (24 h, 0.2 MPa). Conditioned media were monitored at 6 h, 24 h, …

Primary Results Of The Saval Randomized Trial Of A Paclitaxel-Eluting Nitinol Stent Versus Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty In Infrapopliteal Arteries, Hans Van Overhagen, Patrick J Geraghty, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Effective and durable options for infrapopliteal artery revascularization for patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) are limited.

METHODS: The SAVAL trial is a prospective, multicenter, randomized trial of patients with CLTI and infrapopliteal artery lesions with total lesion length ⩽ 140 mm, stenosis ⩾ 70%, and Rutherford category 4-5 assigned 2:1 to treatment with the SAVAL self-expandable paclitaxel drug-eluting stent (DES) or percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) with an uncoated balloon. The primary effectiveness endpoint was primary vessel patency (i.e., core lab-adjudicated duplex ultrasound-based flow at 12 months in the absence of clinically driven target lesion revascularization or surgical bypass …

Neurofibromin 1 Mutations Impair The Function Of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Microglia, Leonard D Kuhrt, Edyta Motta, Nirmeen Elmadany, Hannah Weidling, Raphaela Fritsche-Guenther, Ibrahim E Efe, Olivia Cobb, Jit Chatterjee, Lucy G Boggs, Marina Schnauß, Sebastian Diecke, Marcus Semtner, Corina Anastasaki, David H Gutmann, Helmut Kettenmann

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant condition caused by germline mutations in the neurofibromin 1 (NF1) gene. Children with NF1 are prone to the development of multiple nervous system abnormalities, including autism and brain tumors, which could reflect the effect of NF1 mutation on microglia function. Using heterozygous Nf1-mutant mice, we previously demonstrated that impaired purinergic signaling underlies deficits in microglia process extension and phagocytosis in situ. To determine whether these abnormalities are also observed in human microglia in the setting of NF1, we leveraged an engineered isogenic series of human induced pluripotent stem cells to generate human …