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Therapy Selection For Tinea Corporis And Cruris With Commorbidity: 3 Case Series, Yefta Yefta, Dwi Retno Adi Winarni, Agnes Sri Siswati

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Dermatophytosis is a superficial (skin, hair and nails) fungal infection caused by dermatophyte group fungi (Trichophyton, Epidermophyton and Microsporum). Immunocompromised conditions cause fungal infections to become more widespread and require consideration of therapy.

Case Illustration: This case series represented three cases of tinea corporis and tinea cruris in patients with comorbidities. The first case was tinea corporis and tinea cruris in a patient with congestive heart failure with oral terbinafine therapy. The second case was tinea corporis and tinea cruris in a patient with bilateral fourth degree hydronephrosis with oral griseofulvin therapy. The third case was tinea …

Hubungan Stunting Dengan Anemia, Morbiditas Dan Perkembangan Anak Usia Batita Di Puskesmas Kebondalem Pemalang, Arwinda Nugraheni, Ani Margawati, Firdaus Wahyudi, Aras Utami

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Kejadian stunting merupakan masalah kesehatan anak di Indonesia yang berdampak pada anemia, perkembangan dan sistem imunitas. Pada balita anemia, peningkatan morbiditas dan gangguan perkembangan dapat menyebabkan gangguan pada struktur dan fungsi tubuh dalam kemampuan anak menuju kematangan yang bersifat tetap dan berpengaruh pada kesehatan di masa mendatang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan stunting dengan kadar hemoglobin, morbiditas dan perkembangan batita. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross-sectional dan dilakukan pada bulan Juli 2019 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kebondalem di Kabupaten Pemalang dengan sampel batita usia 6-26 bulan. Variabel penelitian yang dinilai adalah kadar hemoglobin (Hb), morbiditas, perkembangan yang diukur melalui …

The Potential Of Economic Loss Due To Stunting In Indonesia, Esty Asriyana Suryana

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Stunting cases continue to increase, along with the high risk of undernutrition, the increasing prevalence of malnutrition, and decreasing productivity. If this condition is not handled correctly, it can affect Indonesia's development performance, inequality, and poverty. Stunting can hinder economic growth and labor productivity, affecting 11% of GDP (gross domestic product) and reducing the income of adult workers by up to 20%. Based on this, it is necessary to make prevention and control efforts in nutrition intervention activities an economic investment. Therefore, this study estimates the economic potential lost due to stunting in children under five. This descriptive study is …

Determination Of Shigella Spp. Via Label-Free Sers Spectra Coupled With Deep Learning, Jia-Wei Tang, Jing-Wen Lyu, Jin-Xin Lai, Xue-Di Zhang, Yang-Guang Du, Xin-Qiang Zhang, Yu-Dong Zhang, Bin Gu, Xiao Zhang, Bing Gu, Liang Wang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Accurate discrimination of Shigella spp. sits in the core of shigellosis prevention and control. As a label-free method, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is being intensively investigated for bacterial diagnostics. In this study, we developed a novel method for rapid and accurate discrimination of Shigella spp. via label-free SERS coupling with multiscale deep-learning method. In particular, SERS spectral deconvolution was used to generate unique barcodes, revealing subtle differences in molecular composition between Shigella spp. Four supervised learning models based on Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and One-Dimensional Multi-Scale CNN (1DMSCNN) were constructed and assessed …

Efektivitas Electronic Module (E-Modul) Promosi Kesehatan Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Mencuci Tangan Pakai Sabun Pada Anak Usia Sekolah Di Panti Asuhan Abul Hasan Jambi, Pahrur Razi, Surayah Surayah

Perilaku dan Promosi Kesehatan: Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior

Bakground. Poor environmental conditions and not yet good clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) in the community are suspected to be the cause of the high number of infectious diseases. Various efforts to promote PHBS have been launched by the government to improve people's clean and healthy living behavior. Indonesia is currently facing the problem of the high number of infectious diseases caused by unhealthy behavior, including not washing hands with soap. So there is a need for innovation in introducing and improving the skills of washing hands with soap, such as through health promotion e-modules. Aim. This study aims …

Ethnobotanical Survey, Consumption Pattern And Genetic Conservation Of Leafy Vegetables In South-West Nigeria, Temitope O Onuminya, Michael I Osundinakin, Oluwatoyin T Ogundipe

Tanzania Journal of Science

Leafy vegetables are important in human nutrition; however, their diversity as seen in the dishes in South western Nigeria appears to be diminishing. Many popular delicacies are no longer available in the markets. Therefore, this research was conducted to identify and document leafy vegetables in South West Nigeria, assess their ethnobotanical uses from questionnaires administered to farmers/sellers, secure their genetic resource base, and improve their value chain in South-West Nigeria. Vegetable samples were collected from different local communities in five South-West states in Nigeria, identified using manual/flora, and authenticated at the University of Lagos Herbarium. One thousand respondents, 200 in …

Determination Of Epigallocatechin Gallate (Egcg) And Antibacterial Activities Of Commercially Available Tanzanian Green Tea (Camellia Sinensis), Raphael J Shedafa, Joseph Sempombe, Ramadhan So Nondo, Eliangiringa Kaale, Mary Temu, Peter Imming

Tanzania Journal of Science

This paper presents the results of the antibacterial activity of green tea extract (Camellia sinensis) against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 708903). Quantitative and qualitative measurements of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) have also been reported. The analysis by High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) revealed the presence of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in the green tea extracts ranging from 13.16 to 18.64 mg/g. Crude extracts GT 01–GT 03 inhibited a greater number of microorganisms and presented the lowest values of MIC against Staphylococcus aureus (0.625 mg/mL), Escherichia coli (0.625 mg/mL), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (1.25 mg/mL). …

Synthesis, Characterization And Antimicrobial Properties Of Mixed-Ligand Complexes Of Some Metal(Ii) Ions With Barbituric Acid And 1,10-Phenanthroline Ligands, Kayode Taiwo Ishola, Oluwabiyi James Olaoye, Mary Adelaide Oladipo, Omobola Ajibike Odedokun, Oyebanji Oluseun Aboyeji

Tanzania Journal of Science

Many pathogenic organisms have developed resistance to many antibiotics, which leads to an increase in the spread of many microbial infections. There is an urgent need to find more effective drugs to curb widespread transmission. Hence, this study synthesized and evaluated the antimicrobial activities of mixed-ligand complexes of Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Mn(II), and Zn(II) ions with barbituric acid and 1,10 phenanthroline ligands in effort to find more effective antibiotics. The complexes were characterized using elemental analysis, metal analysis, melting points, solubility tests, and spectroscopic analyses (IR and UV-visible). The antimicrobial activities of the complexes were evaluated against two gram-positive bacteria …

Analisis Survival: Hubungan Konversi Sputum Dengan Keberhasilan Pengobatan Pasien Tuberkulosis Resistan Obat Di Indonesia, Shena Masyita Deviernur, Nurhayati Adnan

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Angka keberhasilan pengobatan Tuberkulosis Resistan Obat (TB RO) di Indonesia masih rendah. Konversi sputum dapat menjadi monitoring awal untuk memantau keberhasilan pengobatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara konversi sputum <3 bulan dengan keberhasilan pengobatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi kohort retrospektif dengan data yang bersumber dari sistem informasi tuberkulosis Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah pasien TB RO yang memulai pengobatan tahun 2020-2021 di Indonesia dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 8.025 kasus dan participation rate sebesar 88,6%. Kurva Kaplan Meier dengan uji log-rank dibuat untuk analisis deskriptif, sedangkan analisis regresi Cox digunakan untuk melihat hubungan antara konversi sputum dengan keberhasilan pengobatan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa 45,9% pasien konversi sputum < 3 bulan pengobatan dengan 74,6% memiliki keberhasilan pengobatan. Secara keseluruhan median time untuk keberhasilan pengobatan berdasarkan konversi sputum < 3 bulan adalah bulan ke-18. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan konversi sputum < 3 bulan 1,25 (95% CI 1,18-1,34) lebih tinggi peluangnya untuk mencapai keberhasilan pengobatan dibandingkan pasien yang tidak konversi < 3 bulan setelah dikontrol oleh status HIV dan paduan pengobatan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa monitoring konversi sputum dapat menjadi cara untuk melakukan monitoring keberhasilan pengobatan sedini mungkin. Konversi sputum merupakan standar yang dilakukan untuk pemantauan pengobatan pasien TB RO. Namun jumlah laboratorium yang dapat melakukan pemeriksaan untuk konversi pada pasien TB RO masih terbatas. Perlu adanya perluasan layanan dan peningkatan mutu layanan untuk melakukan pemeriksaan konversi sputum pada pasien TB RO.

Kepatuhan Pengobatan Pada Pasien Tuberkulosis Dan Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhinya: Tinjauan Sistematis, Shania Adhanty, Syahrizal Syarif

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh bacillus mycobacterium tuberculosis. Ketidakpatuhan dalam pengobatan kerap menjadi masalah secara global, karena jika tidak mengikuti rangkaian pengobatan secara benar dapat menyebabkan resistensi obat, kambuhnya kembali penyakit, bahkan sampai kematian. Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui kepatuhan pengobatan pasien TB paru dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya pada studi observasional. Terdapat empat database (PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE dan MEDLINE) yang digunakan untuk menulusuri artikel. Kata kunci yang digunakan untuk pencarian diantaranya: (tuberculosis) OR (TB) AND (treatment adherence) OR (treatment compliance) OR (medication adherence) OR (medication compliance) AND (directly observed treatment shortcourse) OR (DOTS). Ditemukan sebanyak lima …

Efficacy Of Canarium Ovatum (Pili Tree) Pulp Fixed Oil Extract As A Natural-Based Larvicide Against Aedes Aegypti, Roebin Jilliana R. Dela Cruz, Gene Vincent G. Eledia, Bianca Heleina C. Lijuaco, Shaina Alyssa V. Marasigan, Fiona Marithe M. Tabi

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress

Aedes aegypti, the primary vector of the endemic Dengue Fever (DENV) has always been a vector of concern in the Philippines due to its infectivity and known resistance against major commercial insecticide compositions. This challenge requires an effective natural-based alternative, specifically the Canarium ovatum (Pili) exocarp, an unexplored biowaste that exhibits strong larvicidal potentials for its phytochemical and bioactive compositions. This research sought to determine the efficacy of C. ovatum pulp oil extract as a natural larvicide against A. aegypti. Five (5) different C. ovatum pulp oil concentrations in triplicates were tested against the positive control (Temephos) in the mortality …

Equine Polyclonal Antibodies Prevent Acute Chikungunya Virus Infection In Mice, Douglas Barker, Xiaobing Han, Eryu Wang, Ashley Dagley, Deborah M. Anderson, Aruni Jha, Scott C. Weaver, Justin Julander, Cory Nykiforuk, Shantha Kodihalli

Office of Research Faculty and Staff Publications

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted pathogen that causes chikungunya disease (CHIK); the disease is characterized by fever, muscle ache, rash, and arthralgia. This arthralgia can be debilitating and long-lasting, seriously impacting quality of life for years. Currently, there is no specific therapy available for CHIKV infection. We have developed a despeciated equine polyclonal antibody (CHIKV-EIG) treatment against CHIKV and evaluated its protective efficacy in mouse models of CHIKV infection. In immunocompromised (IFNAR^−/−) mice infected with CHIKV, daily treatment for five consecutive days with CHIKV-EIG administered at 100 mg/kg starting on the day of infection prevented mortality, reduced …

Toward One Health: A Spatial Indicator System To Model The Facilitation Of The Spread Of Zoonotic Diseases, Daniel Jato-Espino, Fernando Mayor-Vitoria, Vanessa Moscardó, Fabio Capra-Ribeiro, Leticia Bartolome Del Pino

Faculty Publications

Recurrent outbreaks of zoonotic infectious diseases highlight the importance of considering the interconnections between human, animal, and environmental health in disease prevention and control. This has given rise to the concept of One Health, which recognizes the interconnectedness of between human and animal health within their ecosystems. As a contribution to the One Health approach, this study aims to develop an indicator system to model the facilitation of the spread of zoonotic diseases. Initially, a literature review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement to identify relevant indicators related to One Health. The …

Withaferin A And Immune Checkpoint Blocker Therapy For The Treatment Of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Roukiah Khalil

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Lung cancer is the first cause of cancer-related deaths in both men and women with an overall five-year survival rate of 28%. Although immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) are currently FDA-approved for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), only 17-20% of patients achieve durable responses by the induction of immunologic memory. The lack of response in most patients can be attributed to the tumor-intrinsic or tumor-extrinsic immune resistance mechanisms. A biomarker of importance is the Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1), as higher PD-L1 expression is usually associated with a better response to ICBs. Although studies have attempted to combine ICBs …

Rewarding Honest Taxpayers: An Experimental Assessment, Emily A. Satterthwaite

Florida Tax Review

Shrinking budgetary allocations for tax enforcement at the U.S. federal level have placed an unprecedented premium on low cost policies that promote voluntary tax compliance. In other jurisdictions, tax administrators have experimented with rewarding taxpayers for voluntarily complying with tax laws, but there has been an absence of reward-focused policy experimentation in the United States. To explore the efficacy of rewards among U.S. taxpayer populations, a multi-period online tax reporting experiment was conducted featuring a simple reward intervention: a token monetary amount pre-announced and provided to participants who were audited and found to have fully complied. The reward failed to …

A Frequently Overlooked Contaminant: A Case Of Staphylococcus Lugdunensis Bacteremia, Nicole Hunter, Alexander Kusnik, Laurie Proia

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

No abstract provided.

The Challenges Of Diagnosing Tuberculous Meningitis And Importance Of Early Intervention, Alex Ashkin, David Lindner

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Background: Reported is a patient found to have miliary TB seeding the lungs and brain with CNS involvement resulting in tuberculous meningitis (TBM). False security in laboratory studies that lack adequate sensitivity resulted in delay of therapy which may have negatively impacted the patient’s outcome. This case report aims to emphasize the importance of early initiation of therapy when clinical suspicion remains high despite initially negative diagnostic studies. Case presentation: 52 year old female originally from Guatemala presented headache, neck pain, vomiting and photophobia. CT of the chest showed numerous submillimeter sized bilateral lung nodules, with scattered calcifications. IGRA of …

Intertextuality And Narrativization Of Multiple Perspectives: Covid-19 Pandemic In Popular Songs In Tanzania, Spemba E. Spemba

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Close to the end of 2019, COVID-19, an infectious disease that still wreaks havoc, was discovered in Wuhan – China. The pandemic has become a major worldwide health problem to date. Its socioeconomic and cultural aftermaths have dominated the world’s public discourse. Media and literary artefacts reflect the ongoing debate, education, and communication regarding the pandemic. This paper examines how popular songs represent multiple (social-cultural, economic, and political) perspectives regarding the COVID-19 pandemic in Tanzania. The article focuses on secular and religious song lyrics to ascertain how they convey multiple perspectives regarding an understanding of COVID-19, and whether such views …

Recent Advances In Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy-Based Pathogenic Bacteria Sensing, Tao Chen, Yuan-Hong Xu, Jing-Hong Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

Pathogenic bacteria have been throwing great threat on human health for thousands of years. Their real-time monitoring is in urgent need as it could effectively halt the spread of pathogenic bacteria and thus reducing the risk to human health. Up till now, diverse technologies such as electrochemistry, optics, piezoelectricity and calorimetry have been developed for bacteria sensing. Therein, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)-based sensors show great potential in point-of-care bacterial analysis because of their low-cost, short read-out time, good reproducibility, and portable equipment construction. In this review, we will primarily summarize the typical applications of electrochemical impedance technology in bacteria sensing …

Biochemical Markers Of Liver Toxicity Among Coal Mine Workers Of Punjab, Pakistan Suffering From Hcv, Aima Iram Batool, Asma Noreen, Naima Huma Naveed, Iram Inayat, Muhammad Fayyaz Ur Rehman, Fariha Idrees, Muhammad Ali Kanwal, Syeda Humaira Jabeen, Hakim Bibi

Journal of Bioresource Management

Hepatitis C is among the leading hepatic disorders in current period through which about 3 % world population has been anguish among them 170 million were diagnosed as persistent carriers. A great range of alteration in liver biochemical parameters were found to be allied with HCV infestation. Current study was designed to evaluate the extent of HCV mediated abnormalities in liver biochemical markers which includes ALT (alanine aminotransferase), AST (Aspartate transaminase), ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase) and serum bilirubin. The study was conducted on coal miners of Punjab province, Pakistan. HCV was primarily diagnosed through one step rapid test device after which …

Project Distansiya: A Social Distancing Device, Meriel Lorien M. Camarig, Jirah Mae Arquita, Riciamel M. Capuli, John Mark P. Mancera, Mave Czedrick A. Mataverde, John Joshua T. Paje, John Dave B. Ramos

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress

Project DISTANSiYA is a social distancing device that has the objectives of helping people maintain their distance from others and reduce the spread of communicable diseases, particularly the COVID-19 virus. The device used 4 ultrasonic sensors in a square arrangement to detect people at a 1-meter range. The device is programmed to turn on a series of lights depending on how close the detected person is. This study focused on examining the device's accuracy to address social distancing issues. The device can detect a person's distance between 0 to 50 cm, 51 to 100 cm, 101 to 150 cm, and …

Isolation, Characterization, And Identification Of The Most Common Bacterial Isolates From Second-Hand Clothes In Selected Ukay-Ukay Stores In Dasmarinas, Cavite, Ma. Zuzynne D. Ocampo, Lou Adrian D. Aquino Jr., Mariel Antonnia R. Aquino, Rinangem P. Buenavente, Nikka Alyzel M. Tropel

DLSU Senior High School Research Congress

Throughout history, clothing's significance has evolved from a basic survival necessity to becoming an integral part of human social and cultural identity. Their sanitation significantly influences the health and condition of humans wearing these garments. For instance, clothes can serve as a reservoir for bacteria, fungi, and other germs that benefit or harm human health. Recent studies reveal the complex relationship between clothing and the microorganisms in our surroundings. This study aims to isolate, identify, and characterize the most common bacteria found in Second-Hand Clothing (SHCs) in Dasmarinas Cavite from three cotton shirts sampled from each of three random ukay-ukay …

Covid-19 And Kidney Disease (Kd): A Retrospective Investigation In A Rural Southwestern Missouri Region Patient Population, Kailey Kowalski, Shilpa Bhat, Mariah Fedje, Nova Beyersdorfer, Darrin S. Goade, Kerry Johnson, Robert Arnce, Robert Hillard

Faculty and Staff Publications

Background: Studies have linked pre-existing kidney disease (KD) to higher rates of mortality due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. In the rural Midwest, where KD is prevalent, the impact of COVID-19 has been significant in a population that includes many patients on Medicare or Medicaid.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed assessing patients with acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end stage renal disease (ESRD), with and without COVID-19. International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision codes were submitted by physicians into Freeman Health System’s Electronic Medical Records and gathered from April 2020 to January 2021. …

Understanding Influenza Vaccine Hesitancy And Uptake Among U.S. Hispanic Adults During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Helen J. Arteaga

Dissertations and Theses

The health burden caused by seasonal flu is substantial in the general population and each season targeted efforts are needed to decrease the risk of flu illness, hospitalization, and death. Flu risks and the disease burden are disproportionately higher among Hispanic adults, yet little is known about the factors influencing flu vaccine hesitancy and uptake among this marginalized population. This cross-sectional quantitative study used national survey data from the Understanding America Study (UAS) and logistic regression to address three research aims. Aim 1 was to examine the most significant demographic factors associated with flu vaccine uptake among the Hispanic community. …

Wildlife Ecological Risk Assessment In The 21st Century: Promising Technologies To Assess Toxicological Effects, Barnett A. Rattner, Thomas G. Bean, Val R. Beasley, Philippe Berny, Karen M. Eisenreich, John E. Elliott, Margaret L. Eng, Phyllis C. Fuchsman, Mason D. King, Rafael Mateo, Carolyn B. Meyer, Jason M. O'Brien, Christopher J. Salice

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Despite advances in toxicity testing and the development of new approach methodologies (NAMs) for hazard assessment, the ecological risk assessment (ERA) framework for terrestrial wildlife (i.e., air‐breathing amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals) has remained unchanged for decades. While survival, growth, and reproductive endpoints derived from whole-animal toxicity tests are central to hazard assessment, nonstandard measures of biological effects at multiple levels of biological organization (e.g., molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, organism, population, community, ecosystem) have the potential to enhance the relevance of prospective and retrospective wildlife ERAs. Other factors (e.g., indirect effects of contaminants on food supplies and infectious disease processes) …

Lexical Studies On The Concept Of Dirtiness In Ancient Egyptian Daily Life, Paul David Larson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

This dissertation is a study of ancient Egyptian conceptions of dirtiness. While the subjects of ritual purity and taboo in ancient Egypt have been examined in Egyptological studies, less attention has been paid to understanding the general conceptions of dirtiness and impurity in the day to day, mundane lives of the ancient Egyptians, including its role in social distinctions. This is partly because Egyptian texts, while frequently mentioning purity, often in a ritual or cultic context, usually do not state or explain exactly what is defiling or dirty. Rather than another study of ritual purity or taboo, this dissertation attempts …

Histidine-Rich Protein Ii Nanoparticle Delivery Of Heme Iron Load Drives Endothelial Inflammation In Cerebral Malaria, Suong T Nguyen, Daniel Du, Daniel Wychrij, Matthew D Cain, Qingping Wu, Robyn S Klein, Ilaria Russo, Daniel E Goldberg

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Histidine-rich protein II (HRPII) is secreted by

Hyperphosphorylation Of The Group A Streptococcal Control Of Virulence Regulator Increases Promoter Occupancy Specifically At Virulence Factor-Encoding Genes, Nicola Horstmann, Chau Nguyen Tran, Anthony R Flores, Samuel A Shelburne

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The control of virulence two-component gene regulatory system (CovRS) is critical to the pathogenesis of many medically important streptococci. In emm1 group A streptococci (GAS), CovR directly binds the promoters of numerous GAS virulence factor-encoding genes. Elimination of CovS phosphatase activity increases CovR phosphorylation (CovR~P) levels and abrogates GAS virulence. Given the emm type-specific diversity of CovRS function, in this study we used chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) to define global CovR DNA occupancy in the wild-type emm3 strain MGAS10870 (medium CovR~P) and its CovS phosphatase-negative derivative 10870-CovS-T284A (high CovR~P). In the wild-type emm3 strain, 89% of the previously identified emm1 …

High-Risk Fertility Behaviors: Impact On Child And Risks Of Maternal Mortality In Kenya, Mercy Chepkosgei Kiprop

Theses and Dissertations

Rapid population increase in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) over the last several decades and limited healthcare interventions have exacerbated child and maternal mortality. The maternal mortality ratio (deaths per 100,000 live births) in Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for at least 50 percent of maternal deaths globally. In 2020 alone, 5 million children under 5 years died in Kenya. Research also points out that, tragically, many of the mothers and children died of preventable or treatable conditions. Previous research has focused on biological or socioeconomic determinants of child mortality rather than their joint influences. In this study, we investigate the premise that all …

Infant Isolation And Cohorting For Preventing Or Reducing Transmission Of Healthcare-Associated Infections In Neonatal Units, Morcos Hanna, Rita Shah, Lucila Marquez, Rebecca Barzegar, Adrienne Gordon, Mohan Pammi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Neonatal healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) result in increased morbidity and mortality, as well as increased healthcare costs. Patient isolation measures, i.e. single-room isolation or the cohorting of patients with similar infections, remain a recommended and commonly used practice for preventing horizontal spread of infections in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). OBJECTIVES: Our primary objective was to assess the effect of single-room isolation or cohorting, or both for preventing transmission of HAIs or colonization with HAI-causing pathogens in newborn infants less than six months of age admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Our secondary objective was to assess …