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2023

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Treatment Of Severe Covid-19 Infection With Remdesivir In Peritoneal Dialysis, Ryan Geffin, Shazia Raheem, Lavannya M Pandit, Andrew S Hunter, Michael W Holliday, Aditya V Rao, Maulin K Shah Jan 2023

Treatment Of Severe Covid-19 Infection With Remdesivir In Peritoneal Dialysis, Ryan Geffin, Shazia Raheem, Lavannya M Pandit, Andrew S Hunter, Michael W Holliday, Aditya V Rao, Maulin K Shah

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) has been shown to be correlated with an increased risk of COVID-19 infection and mortality. Remdesivir is an effective non-EUA U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved antiviral agent for the treatment of COVID-19 in hospitalized adult and pediatric patients, though a lack of data has prevented its use in patients with severe kidney disease including dialysis patients. Some observational studies report the use of remdesivir in hemodialysis patients, but there are no reports of patients treated with remdesivir on peritoneal dialysis. Dialysis modalities may affect drug pharmacokinetics, and safety and efficiency of remdesivir in peritoneal dialysis …


Codon-Optimized Tdp-43 Mediates Neurodegeneration In A Drosophila Model Of Als/Ftld, Tanzeen Yusuff, Ya-Chu Chang, Tzu-Kang Sang, George R Jackson, Shreyasi Chatterjee Jan 2023

Codon-Optimized Tdp-43 Mediates Neurodegeneration In A Drosophila Model Of Als/Ftld, Tanzeen Yusuff, Ya-Chu Chang, Tzu-Kang Sang, George R Jackson, Shreyasi Chatterjee

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Transactive response DNA binding protein-43 (TDP-43) is known to mediate neurodegeneration associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). The exact mechanism by which TDP-43 exerts toxicity in the brains, spinal cord, and lower motor neurons of affected patients remains unclear. In a novel Drosophila melanogaster model, we report gain-of-function phenotypes due to misexpression of insect codon-optimized version of human wild-type TDP-43 (CO-TDP-43) using both the binary GAL4/UAS system and direct promoter fusion constructs. The CO-TDP-43 model showed robust tissue specific phenotypes in the adult eye, wing, and bristles in the notum. Compared to non-codon optimized …


Camkiiδ Gene Editing- A Base Hit For The Heart, Christopher J Walkey, William R Lagor Jan 2023

Camkiiδ Gene Editing- A Base Hit For The Heart, Christopher J Walkey, William R Lagor

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.


Is It Time To Switch To Bivalirudin For Ecmo Anticoagulation?, Amir Navaei, Vadim Kostousov, Jun Teruya Jan 2023

Is It Time To Switch To Bivalirudin For Ecmo Anticoagulation?, Amir Navaei, Vadim Kostousov, Jun Teruya

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

For decades, unfractionated heparin (hereafter, heparin) has been the primary anticoagulant used for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. More recently, however, bivalirudin, a direct thrombin inhibitor, has emerged as an alternative. This systematic review based on PRISMA guidelines, aims to summarize 16 comparative studies and 8 meta-analysis and review articles published from January, 2011 till May, 2023 which directly compares ECMO courses using heparin versus bivalirudin as the anticoagulant. While this comparison is complicated by the lack of a standardized definition of major bleeding or thrombosis, our overall findings suggest there is no statistical difference between heparin and bivalirudin in …


Toward More Rigorous And Informative Nutritional Epidemiology: The Rational Space Between Dismissal And Defense Of The Status Quo, Andrew W Brown, Stella Aslibekyan, Dennis Bier, Rafael Ferreira Da Silva, Adam Hoover, David M Klurfeld, Eric Loken, Evan Mayo-Wilson, Nir Menachemi, Greg Pavela, Patrick D Quinn, Dale Schoeller, Carmen Tekwe, Danny Valdez, Colby J Vorland, Leah D Whigham, David B Allison Jan 2023

Toward More Rigorous And Informative Nutritional Epidemiology: The Rational Space Between Dismissal And Defense Of The Status Quo, Andrew W Brown, Stella Aslibekyan, Dennis Bier, Rafael Ferreira Da Silva, Adam Hoover, David M Klurfeld, Eric Loken, Evan Mayo-Wilson, Nir Menachemi, Greg Pavela, Patrick D Quinn, Dale Schoeller, Carmen Tekwe, Danny Valdez, Colby J Vorland, Leah D Whigham, David B Allison

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

To date, nutritional epidemiology has relied heavily on relatively weak methods including simple observational designs and substandard measurements. Despite low internal validity and other sources of bias, claims of causality are made commonly in this literature. Nutritional epidemiology investigations can be improved through greater scientific rigor and adherence to scientific reporting commensurate with research methods used. Some commentators advocate jettisoning nutritional epidemiology entirely, perhaps believing improvements are impossible. Still others support only normative refinements. But neither abolition nor minor tweaks are appropriate. Nutritional epidemiology, in its present state, offers utility, yet also needs marked, reformational renovation. Changing the status quo …


Open-Source, Highly Efficient, Post-Acquisition Synchronization For 4d Dual-Contrast Imaging Of The Mouse Embryonic Heart Over Development With Optical Coherence Tomography, Andre C Faubert, Irina V Larina, Shang Wang Jan 2023

Open-Source, Highly Efficient, Post-Acquisition Synchronization For 4d Dual-Contrast Imaging Of The Mouse Embryonic Heart Over Development With Optical Coherence Tomography, Andre C Faubert, Irina V Larina, Shang Wang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Dynamic imaging of the beating embryonic heart in 3D is critical for understanding cardiac development and defects. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) plays an important role in embryonic heart imaging with its unique imaging scale and label-free contrasts. In particular, 4D (3D + time) OCT imaging enabled biomechanical analysis of the developing heart in various animal models. While ultrafast OCT systems allow for direct volumetric imaging of the beating heart, the imaging speed remains limited, leading to an image quality inferior to that produced by post-acquisition synchronization. As OCT systems become increasingly available to a wide range of biomedical researchers, a …


A Multicenter Study To Evaluate Pain Characteristics In Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Mercedes Rodriguez Celin, Karen M Kruger, Angela Caudill, Chaya N Murali, Sandesh C S Nagamani, Peter A Smith, Gerald F Harris Jan 2023

A Multicenter Study To Evaluate Pain Characteristics In Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Mercedes Rodriguez Celin, Karen M Kruger, Angela Caudill, Chaya N Murali, Sandesh C S Nagamani, Peter A Smith, Gerald F Harris

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The objective was to describe pain characteristics and treatments used in individuals with varying severity of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and investigate pain-associated variables. This work was derived from a multicenter, longitudinal, observational, natural history study of OI conducted at 12 clinical sites of the NIH Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network's Brittle Bone Disorders Consortium. Children and adults with a clinical, biochemical, or molecular diagnosis of OI were enrolled in the study. We did a cross-sectional analysis of chronic pain prevalence, characteristics, and treatments used for pain relief and longitudinal analysis to find the predictors of chronic pain. We included 861 …


Intermel: An International Biorepository And Clinical Database To Uncover Predictors Of Survival In Early-Stage Melanoma, Irene Orlow, Keimya D Sadeghi, Sharon N Edmiston, Jessica M Kenney, Cecilia Lezcano, James S Wilmott, Anne E Cust, Richard A Scolyer, Graham J Mann, Tim K Lee, Hazel Burke, Valerie Jakrot, Ping Shang, Peter M Ferguson, Tawny W Boyce, Jennifer S Ko, Peter Ngo, Pauline Funchain, Judy R Rees, Kelli O'Connell, Honglin Hao, Eloise Parrish, Kathleen Conway, Paul B Googe, David W Ollila, Stergios J Moschos, Eva Hernando, Douglas Hanniford, Diana Argibay, Christopher I Amos, Jeffrey E Lee, Iman Osman, Li Luo, Pei-Fen Kuan, Arshi Aurora, Bonnie E Gould Rothberg, Marcus W Bosenberg, Meg R Gerstenblith, Cheryl Thompson, Paul N Bogner, Ivan P Gorlov, Sheri L Holmen, Elise K Brunsgaard, Yvonne M Saenger, Ronglai Shen, Venkatraman Seshan, Eduardo Nagore, Marc S Ernstoff, Klaus J Busam, Colin B Begg, Nancy E Thomas, Marianne Berwick, Intermel Consortium Jan 2023

Intermel: An International Biorepository And Clinical Database To Uncover Predictors Of Survival In Early-Stage Melanoma, Irene Orlow, Keimya D Sadeghi, Sharon N Edmiston, Jessica M Kenney, Cecilia Lezcano, James S Wilmott, Anne E Cust, Richard A Scolyer, Graham J Mann, Tim K Lee, Hazel Burke, Valerie Jakrot, Ping Shang, Peter M Ferguson, Tawny W Boyce, Jennifer S Ko, Peter Ngo, Pauline Funchain, Judy R Rees, Kelli O'Connell, Honglin Hao, Eloise Parrish, Kathleen Conway, Paul B Googe, David W Ollila, Stergios J Moschos, Eva Hernando, Douglas Hanniford, Diana Argibay, Christopher I Amos, Jeffrey E Lee, Iman Osman, Li Luo, Pei-Fen Kuan, Arshi Aurora, Bonnie E Gould Rothberg, Marcus W Bosenberg, Meg R Gerstenblith, Cheryl Thompson, Paul N Bogner, Ivan P Gorlov, Sheri L Holmen, Elise K Brunsgaard, Yvonne M Saenger, Ronglai Shen, Venkatraman Seshan, Eduardo Nagore, Marc S Ernstoff, Klaus J Busam, Colin B Begg, Nancy E Thomas, Marianne Berwick, Intermel Consortium

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: We are conducting a multicenter study to identify classifiers predictive of disease-specific survival in patients with primary melanomas. Here we delineate the unique aspects, challenges, and best practices for optimizing a study of generally small-sized pigmented tumor samples including primary melanomas of at least 1.05mm from AJTCC TNM stage IIA-IIID patients. We also evaluated tissue-derived predictors of extracted nucleic acids' quality and success in downstream testing. This ongoing study will target 1,000 melanomas within the international InterMEL consortium.

METHODS: Following a pre-established protocol, participating centers ship formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue sections to Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center for …


Trends In Disease Severity Among Critically Ill Children With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: A Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study In The United States, Catherine E Ross, Jeffrey P Burns, Anne V Grossestreuer, Pallav Bhattarai, Christine A Mckiernan, Jennifer D Franks, Sonja Lehmann, Jill L Sorcher, Matthew P Sharron, Kitman Wai, Haitham Al-Wahab, Konstantinos Boukas, Mark W Hall, George Ru, Anita I Sen, Hariprem R Rajasekhar, Lawrence C Kleinman, John K Mcguire, Amy S Arrington, Flor Munoz-Rivas, Christopher M Osborne, Lara S Shekerdemian Jan 2023

Trends In Disease Severity Among Critically Ill Children With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: A Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study In The United States, Catherine E Ross, Jeffrey P Burns, Anne V Grossestreuer, Pallav Bhattarai, Christine A Mckiernan, Jennifer D Franks, Sonja Lehmann, Jill L Sorcher, Matthew P Sharron, Kitman Wai, Haitham Al-Wahab, Konstantinos Boukas, Mark W Hall, George Ru, Anita I Sen, Hariprem R Rajasekhar, Lawrence C Kleinman, John K Mcguire, Amy S Arrington, Flor Munoz-Rivas, Christopher M Osborne, Lara S Shekerdemian

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVES: To describe trends in critical illness from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in children over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. We hypothesized that PICU admission rates were higher in the Omicron period compared with the original outbreak but that fewer patients needed endotracheal intubation.

DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.

SETTING: This study took place in nine U.S. PICUs over 3 weeks in January 2022 (Omicron period) compared with 3 weeks in March 2020 (original period).

PATIENTS: Patients less than or equal to 21 years old who screened positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection by polymerase chain reaction or …


Coronary Heart Disease And Ischemic Stroke Polygenic Risk Scores And Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease In A Diverse, Population-Based Cohort Study, Allison Bebo, Jamie A Jarmul, Mark J Pletcher, Natalie R Hasbani, David Couper, Vijay Nambi, Christie M Ballantyne, Myriam Fornage, Alanna C Morrison, Christy L Avery, Paul S De Vries Jan 2023

Coronary Heart Disease And Ischemic Stroke Polygenic Risk Scores And Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease In A Diverse, Population-Based Cohort Study, Allison Bebo, Jamie A Jarmul, Mark J Pletcher, Natalie R Hasbani, David Couper, Vijay Nambi, Christie M Ballantyne, Myriam Fornage, Alanna C Morrison, Christy L Avery, Paul S De Vries

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The predictive ability of coronary heart disease (CHD) and ischemic stroke (IS) polygenic risk scores (PRS) have been evaluated individually, but whether they predict the combined outcome of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains insufficiently researched. It is also unclear whether associations of the CHD and IS PRS with ASCVD are independent of subclinical atherosclerosis measures. 7,286 White and 2,016 Black participants from the population-based Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study who were free of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes at baseline were included. We computed previously validated CHD and IS PRS consisting of 1,745,179 and 3,225,583 genetic variants, respectively. Cox …


Powerful, Scalable And Resource-Efficient Meta-Analysis Of Rare Variant Associations In Large Whole Genome Sequencing Studies, Xihao Li, Corbin Quick, Hufeng Zhou, Sheila M Gaynor, Yaowu Liu, Han Chen, Margaret Sunitha Selvaraj, Ryan Sun, Rounak Dey, Donna K Arnett, Lawrence F Bielak, Joshua C Bis, John Blangero, Eric Boerwinkle, Donald W Bowden, Jennifer A Brody, Brian E Cade, Adolfo Correa, L Adrienne Cupples, Joanne E Curran, Paul S De Vries, Ravindranath Duggirala, Barry I Freedman, Harald H H Göring, Xiuqing Guo, Jeffrey Haessler, Rita R Kalyani, Charles Kooperberg, Brian G Kral, Leslie A Lange, Ani Manichaikul, Lisa W Martin, Stephen T Mcgarvey, Braxton D Mitchell, May E Montasser, Alanna C Morrison, Take Naseri, Jeffrey R O'Connell, Nicholette D Palmer, Patricia A Peyser, Bruce M Psaty, Laura M Raffield, Susan Redline, Alexander P Reiner, Muagututi'a Sefuiva Reupena, Kenneth M Rice, Stephen S Rich, Colleen M Sitlani, Jennifer A Smith, Kent D Taylor, Ramachandran S Vasan, Cristen J Willer, James G Wilson, Lisa R Yanek, Wei Zhao, Nhlbi Trans-Omics For Precision Medicine (Topmed) Consortium, Topmed Lipids Working Group, Jerome I Rotter, Pradeep Natarajan, Gina M Peloso, Zilin Li, Xihong Lin Jan 2023

Powerful, Scalable And Resource-Efficient Meta-Analysis Of Rare Variant Associations In Large Whole Genome Sequencing Studies, Xihao Li, Corbin Quick, Hufeng Zhou, Sheila M Gaynor, Yaowu Liu, Han Chen, Margaret Sunitha Selvaraj, Ryan Sun, Rounak Dey, Donna K Arnett, Lawrence F Bielak, Joshua C Bis, John Blangero, Eric Boerwinkle, Donald W Bowden, Jennifer A Brody, Brian E Cade, Adolfo Correa, L Adrienne Cupples, Joanne E Curran, Paul S De Vries, Ravindranath Duggirala, Barry I Freedman, Harald H H Göring, Xiuqing Guo, Jeffrey Haessler, Rita R Kalyani, Charles Kooperberg, Brian G Kral, Leslie A Lange, Ani Manichaikul, Lisa W Martin, Stephen T Mcgarvey, Braxton D Mitchell, May E Montasser, Alanna C Morrison, Take Naseri, Jeffrey R O'Connell, Nicholette D Palmer, Patricia A Peyser, Bruce M Psaty, Laura M Raffield, Susan Redline, Alexander P Reiner, Muagututi'a Sefuiva Reupena, Kenneth M Rice, Stephen S Rich, Colleen M Sitlani, Jennifer A Smith, Kent D Taylor, Ramachandran S Vasan, Cristen J Willer, James G Wilson, Lisa R Yanek, Wei Zhao, Nhlbi Trans-Omics For Precision Medicine (Topmed) Consortium, Topmed Lipids Working Group, Jerome I Rotter, Pradeep Natarajan, Gina M Peloso, Zilin Li, Xihong Lin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Meta-analysis of whole genome sequencing/whole exome sequencing (WGS/WES) studies provides an attractive solution to the problem of collecting large sample sizes for discovering rare variants associated with complex phenotypes. Existing rare variant meta-analysis approaches are not scalable to biobank-scale WGS data. Here we present MetaSTAAR, a powerful and resource-efficient rare variant meta-analysis framework for large-scale WGS/WES studies. MetaSTAAR accounts for relatedness and population structure, can analyze both quantitative and dichotomous traits and boosts the power of rare variant tests by incorporating multiple variant functional annotations. Through meta-analysis of four lipid traits in 30,138 ancestrally diverse samples from 14 studies of …


Addressing Training Gaps: A Competency-Based, Telehealth Training Initiative For Community Health Workers, Laura Porterfield, Victoria Warren, Vanessa Schick, Shannon Gulliot-Wright, Jeff R Temple, Elizabeth M Vaughan Jan 2023

Addressing Training Gaps: A Competency-Based, Telehealth Training Initiative For Community Health Workers, Laura Porterfield, Victoria Warren, Vanessa Schick, Shannon Gulliot-Wright, Jeff R Temple, Elizabeth M Vaughan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: To overcome vast variations in Community Health Worker (CHW) training, investigators for the CHW Core Consensus Project (CCCP) derived three types of CHW (Category 1, 2, 3) and established competencies for each category. However, studies are needed that implement these competencies in real-world settings.

OBJECTIVE: Using the six competency domains of the CCCP as a theoretical backbone, we developed and evaluated a training for

METHODS: We developed five telehealth-based, bilingual (Spanish/English) training sessions and implemented them among

RESULTS: All (18/18) CHWs achieved at least 70% on the posttest (mean: 93.7%; range 73.3-100%). Training attendance was 98.9%. Using a six-point …


Trends In Cigarette Smoking Among United States Adolescents, Maria C Mejia, Adedamola Adele, Robert S Levine, Charles H Hennekens, Panagiota Kitsantas Jan 2023

Trends In Cigarette Smoking Among United States Adolescents, Maria C Mejia, Adedamola Adele, Robert S Levine, Charles H Hennekens, Panagiota Kitsantas

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Cigarette smoking remains the leading avoidable cause of premature death in the United States, accounting for approximately 500,000, or 1 in 5, deaths annually. We explored trends in cigarette smoking among US adolescents.

Methods: We used data for adolescents in grades 9 through 12 from 1991 to 2021 from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey provided by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We explored trends overall as well as by sex, race/ethnicity, and school grade.

Results: All cigarette use—assessed as ever, occasional, frequent, or daily—among adolescents declined markedly from 1991 to 2021. Specifically, ever use significantly decreased …


Oriental Research Institute & Manuscripts Library, Kerala: A Case Study, Sarita Somarajan, S Mohammed Esmail Dr Jan 2023

Oriental Research Institute & Manuscripts Library, Kerala: A Case Study, Sarita Somarajan, S Mohammed Esmail Dr

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The Oriental Research Institute & Manuscripts Library, University of Kerala, houses the treasures of ancient knowledge in India. It has come in to existence out of royal interest. The kings of Travancore, as a rule, were valorous as well as lovers of art and literature. Srimulam Thirunal was mainly responsible for the spread of Oriental literature throughout the world. It was he who instituted the department for the publication of manuscripts which in due course grew into the present institution. It is located at Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. Its origin goes back to the illustrious Maharaja of Travancore, Swati Tirunal (1829-1846). …


Editorial: Regeneration From Cells To Limbs: Past, Present, And Future, Pamela Imperadore, Kathryn Maxson Jones, Jennifer R Morgan, Fabio De Sio, Frank W Stahnisch Jan 2023

Editorial: Regeneration From Cells To Limbs: Past, Present, And Future, Pamela Imperadore, Kathryn Maxson Jones, Jennifer R Morgan, Fabio De Sio, Frank W Stahnisch

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.


Problems With Etiologic Diagnosis Of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Using Plasma Microbial Cell-Free Dna Sequencing, Daniel M Musher Jan 2023

Problems With Etiologic Diagnosis Of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Using Plasma Microbial Cell-Free Dna Sequencing, Daniel M Musher

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.


Performance And Interpretation: Beethoven's Opus 110, Izaac J. Masters Jan 2023

Performance And Interpretation: Beethoven's Opus 110, Izaac J. Masters

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Within the context of professional music making, an increasing number of pianists use both modern and historical pianos as a matter of course. Yet, not infrequently, it seems that there is little awareness of how the inherent acoustic characteristics of each instrument may be used to inform interpretation, and the instrument-specific pianistic techniques that are needed if interpretation is to be optimised. This study explores issues of interpretation and performance as applied to Beethoven’s Piano Sonata in Ab major, op. 110. Three different performative interpretations of the sonata are constructed, each relating to a specific grand piano––made by, respectively, Conrad …


Experiments And Modelling Into Air Staging In A Fixed Bed Biomass Combustor, Awais Junejo Jan 2023

Experiments And Modelling Into Air Staging In A Fixed Bed Biomass Combustor, Awais Junejo

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Combustion of biomass to produce heat and electricity has increased recently due to environmental concerns over the use of fossil fuels. Being CO2 neutral, biomass has the potential to replace solid fossil fuels, such as coal, in thermal power plants. Direct combustion of biomass is the most widely used thermochemical process to generate heat and electricity.

In staged biomass combustion, primary air is supplied beneath the fuel bed, with secondary air then provided above in the freeboard region. The freeboard can be divided into primary freeboard length (LI), which is upstream of secondary air, and a secondary freeboard length (LII), …


Adolescent Overweight And Obesity In Ireland—Trends And Sociodemographic Associations Between 1990 And 2020, Aoibhín Moore Heslin, Aisling O'Donnell, Laura Kehoe, Janette Walton, Albert Flynn, John Kearney, Breige Mcnulty Jan 2023

Adolescent Overweight And Obesity In Ireland—Trends And Sociodemographic Associations Between 1990 And 2020, Aoibhín Moore Heslin, Aisling O'Donnell, Laura Kehoe, Janette Walton, Albert Flynn, John Kearney, Breige Mcnulty

Articles

Background: Overweight and obesity in adolescence is a growing issue and can have a range of both short- and long-term consequences on health.

Objectives: To analyse trends in adolescent weight status in Ireland across a 30-year period and to examine the influence of sociodemographic factors on overweight/obesity in Irish adolescents over time.

Methods: Body composition and body mass index weight status of Irish adolescents were compared using data from three nationally representative, cross-sectional Irish national food consumption surveys from 1990, 2006 and 2020. Adjusted analysis of associations between socio-demographic factors with the risk of adolescent overweight/obesity at each time point …


Effect Of Pre-Analytical Variables On Raman And Ftir Spectral Content Of Lymphocytes, Jade F. Monaghan, Daniel Cullen, Claire Wynne, Fiona Lyng, Aidan Meade Jan 2023

Effect Of Pre-Analytical Variables On Raman And Ftir Spectral Content Of Lymphocytes, Jade F. Monaghan, Daniel Cullen, Claire Wynne, Fiona Lyng, Aidan Meade

Articles

The use of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy (RS) for the analysis of lymphocytes in clinical applications is increasing in the field of biomedicine. The pre-analytical phase, which is the most vulnerable stage of the testing process, is where most errors and sample variance occur; however, it is unclear how pre-analytical variables affect the FTIR and Raman spectra of lymphocytes. In this study, we evaluated how pre-analytical procedures undertaken before spectroscopic analysis influence the spectral integrity of lymphocytes purified from the peripheral blood of male volunteers (n = 3). Pre-analytical variables investigated were associated with (i) sample preparation, …


Systematic Review Of Necrophilia Aetiology Focusing On The Link Between Childhood Sexual Abuse And Necrophiliac Behaviours, Sophie Foxcroft Jan 2023

Systematic Review Of Necrophilia Aetiology Focusing On The Link Between Childhood Sexual Abuse And Necrophiliac Behaviours, Sophie Foxcroft

Theses : Honours

Sexual attraction to corpses is a disturbing concept to those who do not achieve sexual gratification from the stimuli. Due to this reason, as well as ethical concerns with relations and methods of obtaining, there has been little to no research on correlations between behaviours and psychological concepts. This is especially evident since the 1980s after the bulk of the literature on necrophilia was published. This systematic review looked at the existing literature on necrophilia and, in addition to reviewing the aetiology, aimed to identify cases that included individuals' upbringings and childhoods. Out of all existing literature, only 11 sources …


Development Of Holographic Recording Material For Fabrication Of Solar Concentrators For Micro Satellites, Brian Rogers Jan 2023

Development Of Holographic Recording Material For Fabrication Of Solar Concentrators For Micro Satellites, Brian Rogers

Doctoral

Holographic solar concentration has been a topic of increasing interest over recent years because of the lightweight and physically compact nature of holograms, which gives them an advantage over other, conventional concentration methods. As holographic recording materials develop further, their characteristics prove to meet the demands required of them to make more effective holographic solar concentrators. The development of photovoltaics in tandem with holographic materials has led to a host of solar concentrating device designs that take advantage of the unique properties of diffractive optics. Compared to refractive optics, holographic devices are more lightweight and compact. This makes holographic devices …


Structured Dialogue State Management For Task-Oriented Dialogue Systems, Anh Duong Trinh Jan 2023

Structured Dialogue State Management For Task-Oriented Dialogue Systems, Anh Duong Trinh

Doctoral

Human-machine conversational agents have developed at a rapid pace in recent years, bolstered through the application of advanced technologies such as deep learning. Today, dialogue systems are useful in assisting users in various activities, especially task-oriented dialogue systems in specific dialogue domains. However, they continue to be limited in many ways. Arguably the biggest challenge lies in the complexity of natural language and interpersonal communication, and the lack of human context and knowledge available to these systems. This leads to the question of whether dialogue systems, and in particular task-oriented dialogue systems, can be enhanced to leverage various language properties. …


Towards An Improved Understanding Of The Concept Of Style And Its Implications For Textual Style Transfer, Somayeh Jafaritazehjani Jan 2023

Towards An Improved Understanding Of The Concept Of Style And Its Implications For Textual Style Transfer, Somayeh Jafaritazehjani

Doctoral

The concept of linguistic style denotes that many aspects of text can vary while maintaining a same source core semantic meaning. For example, a message may be written in a formal or informal style. The textual style transfer problem aims at generating a paraphrase of a given text by modifying its style while preserving its content. To the best of our knowledge, within the literature on textual style transfer, there is no standard widely accepted definition of the concept of style. Moreover, very few works have investigated the characteristics of language styles. Therefore, previous research, as far as our knowledge …


Comparing Poor And Favorable Outcome Prediction With Machine Learning After Mechanical Thrombectomy In Acute Ischemic Stroke, Matthias A. Mutke, Vince I. Madai, Adam Hilbert, Esra Zihni, Arne Potreck, Charlotte S. Weyland, Markus A. Mohlenbruch, Sabine Heiland, Peter A. Ringleb, Simon Nagel, Martin Beendszus, Dietmar Frey Jan 2023

Comparing Poor And Favorable Outcome Prediction With Machine Learning After Mechanical Thrombectomy In Acute Ischemic Stroke, Matthias A. Mutke, Vince I. Madai, Adam Hilbert, Esra Zihni, Arne Potreck, Charlotte S. Weyland, Markus A. Mohlenbruch, Sabine Heiland, Peter A. Ringleb, Simon Nagel, Martin Beendszus, Dietmar Frey

Articles

Outcome prediction after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and large vessel occlusion (LVO) is commonly performed by focusing on favorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale, mRS 0–2) after 3 months but poor outcome representing severe disability and mortality (mRS 5 and 6) might be of equal importance for clinical decision-making.


Corrigendum: Human Mental Workload: A Survey And A Novel Inclusive Definition, Luca Longo, Christopher D. Wickens, Gabriella Hancock, P. A. Hancock Jan 2023

Corrigendum: Human Mental Workload: A Survey And A Novel Inclusive Definition, Luca Longo, Christopher D. Wickens, Gabriella Hancock, P. A. Hancock

Articles

In the published article, the name of Gabriella Hancock was incorrectly written as “Gabriela M. Hancock.” The correct name is “Gabriella Hancock.” In the published article, there was also an error in the author list as published. Gabriella Hancock was listed as the last author, but should have been listed as third author. P. A. Hancock was listed as third author but should be listed as the last author. The corrected author list appears below. Luca Longo1, Christopher D.Wickens, Gabriella Hancock and P. A. Hancock. The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific …


How Visual Stimuli Evoked P300 Is Transforming The Brain–Computer Interface Landscape: A Prisma Compliant Systematic Review, Jai Kalra, Prashasti Mittal, Nirmiti Mittal, Abhishek Arora, Utkarsh Tewari, Aviral Chharia, Rahul Upadhyay, Vinay Kumar, Luca Longo Jan 2023

How Visual Stimuli Evoked P300 Is Transforming The Brain–Computer Interface Landscape: A Prisma Compliant Systematic Review, Jai Kalra, Prashasti Mittal, Nirmiti Mittal, Abhishek Arora, Utkarsh Tewari, Aviral Chharia, Rahul Upadhyay, Vinay Kumar, Luca Longo

Articles

Non-invasive Visual Stimuli evoked-EEGbased P300 BCIs have gained immense attention in recent years due to their ability to help patients with disability using BCI-controlled assistive devices and applications. In addition to the medical field, P300 BCI has applications in entertainment, robotics, and education. The current article systematically reviews 147 articles that were published between 2006-2021*. Articles that pass the pre-defined criteria are included in the study. Further, classification based on their primary focus, including article orientation, participants’ age groups, tasks given, databases, the EEG devices used in the studies, classification models, and application domain, is performed. The application-based classification considers …


Schizo-Net: A Novel Schizophrenia Diagnosis Framework Using Late Fusion Multimodal Deep Learning On Electroencephalogram-Based Brain Connectivity Indices, Nitin Grover, Aviral Chharia, Rahul Upadhyay, Luca Longo Jan 2023

Schizo-Net: A Novel Schizophrenia Diagnosis Framework Using Late Fusion Multimodal Deep Learning On Electroencephalogram-Based Brain Connectivity Indices, Nitin Grover, Aviral Chharia, Rahul Upadhyay, Luca Longo

Articles

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a serious mental condition that causes hallucinations, delusions, and disordered thinking. Traditionally, SCZ diagnosis involves the subject’s interview by a skilled psychiatrist. The process needs time and is bound to human errors and bias. Recently, brain connectivity indices have been used in a few pattern recognition methods to discriminate neuro-psychiatric patients from healthy subjects. The study presents Schizo-Net , a novel, highly accurate, and reliable SCZ diagnosis model based on a late multimodal fusion of estimated brain connectivity indices from EEG activity. First, the raw EEG activity is pre-processed exhaustively to remove unwanted artifacts. Next, six brain …


An Aggregation-Based Algebraic Multigrid Method With Deflation Techniques And Modified Generic Factored Approximate Sparse Inverses, Anastasia Natsiou, George A. Gravvanis, Christos K. Filelis-Papadopoulos, Konstantinos M. Giannoutakis Jan 2023

An Aggregation-Based Algebraic Multigrid Method With Deflation Techniques And Modified Generic Factored Approximate Sparse Inverses, Anastasia Natsiou, George A. Gravvanis, Christos K. Filelis-Papadopoulos, Konstantinos M. Giannoutakis

Articles

In this paper, we examine deflation-based algebraic multigrid methods for solving large systems of linear equations. Aggregation of the unknown terms is applied for coarsening, while deflation techniques are proposed for improving the rate of convergence. More specifically, the V-cycle strategy is adopted, in which, at each iteration, the solution is computed by initially decomposing it utilizing two complementary subspaces. The approximate solution is formed by combining the solution obtained using multigrids and deflation. In order to improve performance and convergence behavior, the proposed scheme was coupled with the Modified Generic Factored Approximate Sparse Inverse preconditioner. Furthermore, a parallel version …


Do Games Reduce Math Anxiety? A Meta-Analysis, Pierpaolo Dondio, Viacheslav Filonenko, Mariana Rocha Jan 2023

Do Games Reduce Math Anxiety? A Meta-Analysis, Pierpaolo Dondio, Viacheslav Filonenko, Mariana Rocha

Articles

In this paper, we meta-analyse the empirical evidence about the effectiveness of game-based interventions to reduce students' level of math anxiety. After performing a search for randomised controlled studies relevant to game-based intervention for math anxiety, 16 experimental studies with a total of 686 participants described in 11 peer-review articles met the selection criteria.A random-effects meta-analysis indicated a small and non-significant reduction of math anxiety (mean effect size ES=-0.32, CI=[-0.64,0.01]). The results were moderated by several factors: non-digital games were more effective, while digital games had a negligible mean effect size of $ES=-0.13$, $CI=[-0.33,0.08]$. The effect size was moderated also …